UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2020040112.upa.cvt Date: 1200Z 1 APR 20 Searching for KBUF... Searching the city database file for: KBUF ... Date:1200Z 1 APR 20 Station: KBUF WMO ident: 72528 Latitude: 42.93 Longitude: -78.73 Elevation: 215.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 1000 114 SFC 987 215 0.4 -2.6 80 3.0 -0.7 5 3 274.6 275.1 273.1 283.3 3.19 2 984 240 0.8 -4.2 69 5.0 -1.1 7 4 275.2 275.7 272.9 283.1 2.84 3 937 635 -0.9 -5.9 69 5.0 -2.7 45 17 277.4 277.8 273.8 284.7 2.62 4 925 739 0.6 -6.4 59 7.0 -2.0 45 14 279.9 280.4 275.2 287.2 2.56 5 923 756 0.8 -7.2 55 8.0 -2.1 45 14 280.3 280.7 275.2 287.1 2.41 6 899 967 -0.7 -8.7 55 8.0 -3.4 41 13 280.9 281.3 275.2 287.2 2.20 7 895 1003 -0.9 -9.9 50 9.0 -3.9 38 14 281.0 281.4 275.0 286.8 2.01 8 887 1075 -0.7 -20.7 20 20.0 -5.8 32 14 282.0 282.1 273.7 284.5 0.83 9 880 1138 -0.7 -20.7 20 20.0 -5.8 27 14 282.6 282.7 274.0 285.1 0.83 10 875 1184 -0.5 -31.5 7 31.0 -6.7 23 15 283.3 283.3 273.6 284.3 0.31 11 870 1229 -0.3 -26.3 12 26.0 -6.2 19 15 283.9 284.0 274.3 285.5 0.51 12 850 1415 -1.7 -19.7 24 18.0 -6.4 10 16 284.4 284.5 275.2 287.2 0.94 13 836 1547 -2.7 -19.7 26 17.0 -7.1 20 20 284.7 284.8 275.4 287.6 0.96 14 816 1738 -4.1 -11.1 58 7.0 -6.4 20 17 285.2 285.5 277.2 291.0 2.00 15 800 1894 -4.9 -11.9 58 7.0 -7.1 12 15 285.9 286.3 277.4 291.6 1.92 16 782 2073 -6.5 -10.6 73 4.1 -7.8 349 15 286.1 286.5 277.9 292.5 2.18 17 774 2153 -5.5 -9.6 73 4.1 -6.9 339 15 288.0 288.4 279.1 295.0 2.38 18 769 2204 -5.7 -10.4 69 4.7 -7.3 336 15 288.3 288.7 279.1 295.0 2.25 19 732 2588 -8.9 -11.6 81 2.7 -9.8 337 14 288.9 289.3 279.2 295.3 2.15 20 708 2846 -10.7 -12.9 84 2.2 -11.3 3 12 289.7 290.0 279.4 295.7 2.00 21 700 2933 -10.9 -15.7 68 4.8 -12.2 10 10 290.4 290.7 279.2 295.3 1.61 22 697 2966 -11.1 -16.1 67 5.0 -12.5 11 10 290.5 290.8 279.2 295.3 1.56 23 652 3475 -14.5 -18.1 74 3.6 -15.4 1 15 292.3 292.6 279.8 296.6 1.41 24 648 3522 -14.7 -18.3 74 3.6 -15.6 360 15 292.6 292.8 280.0 296.9 1.39 25 634 3687 -14.1 -22.1 51 8.0 -15.9 355 17 295.1 295.3 280.6 298.3 1.03 26 620 3856 -14.9 -24.9 42 10.0 -17.0 357 16 296.1 296.2 280.8 298.7 0.82 27 606 4029 -15.1 -33.1 20 18.0 -18.0 358 16 297.8 297.9 280.9 299.1 0.39 28 587 4269 -15.5 -38.5 12 23.0 -18.8 360 15 300.1 300.1 281.7 300.9 0.23 29 580 4360 -16.1 -37.1 15 21.0 -19.1 357 16 300.4 300.4 281.9 301.3 0.27 30 569 4504 -16.9 -26.9 42 10.0 -18.8 353 16 301.1 301.2 282.8 303.5 0.74 31 530 5032 -21.1 -30.1 44 9.0 -22.6 341 19 302.2 302.3 283.1 304.2 0.59 32 523 5130 -21.9 -32.9 36 11.0 -23.5 342 18 302.4 302.5 283.0 304.0 0.46 33 510 5315 -23.1 -29.1 58 6.0 -24.1 344 18 303.2 303.3 283.5 305.4 0.68 34 500 5460 -23.9 -28.0 69 4.1 -24.6 345 17 303.9 304.0 284.0 306.4 0.76 35 496 5519 -24.1 -27.8 71 3.7 -24.7 348 17 304.4 304.5 284.2 307.0 0.78 36 482 5727 -24.9 -29.9 63 5.0 -25.7 357 15 305.9 306.0 284.6 308.1 0.66 37 471 5895 -25.5 -33.5 47 8.0 -26.6 355 16 307.2 307.2 284.9 308.8 0.48 38 453 6176 -27.3 -38.3 34 11.0 -28.6 343 19 308.3 308.4 285.1 309.4 0.31 39 436 6450 -29.1 -39.1 37 10.0 -30.2 334 21 309.4 309.5 285.5 310.5 0.30 40 413 6835 -32.1 -44.1 29 12.0 -33.1 325 21 310.4 310.5 285.7 311.1 0.18 41 400 7060 -33.9 -45.9 29 12.0 -34.8 325 18 310.9 311.0 285.9 311.5 0.16 42 387 7291 -35.9 -46.9 31 11.0 -36.6 321 18 311.3 311.3 285.9 311.8 0.14 43 365 7696 -38.5 -50.5 27 12.0 -39.2 336 17 313.0 313.1 286.5 313.4 0.10 44 323 8523 -46.3 -58.3 24 12.0 -46.7 350 14 313.4 313.4 286.6 313.6 0.05 45 300 9010 -50.1 -62.1 23 12.0 -50.4 325 13 314.7 314.7 287.1 314.9 0.03 46 287 9297 -51.9 -63.9 22 12.0 -52.1 325 17 316.2 316.2 287.5 316.3 0.02 47 272 9644 -51.9 -63.9 22 12.0 -52.1 309 24 321.1 321.1 289.1 321.2 0.03 48 268 9740 -50.5 -63.5 20 13.0 -50.8 301 27 324.5 324.5 290.2 324.6 0.03 49 255 10062 -52.3 -67.3 15 15.0 -52.5 293 23 326.5 326.5 290.7 326.5 0.02 50 250 10190 -50.5 -67.5 12 17.0 -50.8 290 22 331.0 331.0 292.0 331.1 0.02 51 248 10243 -49.5 -67.5 10 18.0 -49.9 290 22 333.2 333.2 292.6 333.3 0.02 52 244 10350 -49.7 -67.7 10 18.0 -50.1 290 22 334.5 334.5 292.9 334.6 0.02 53 238 10514 -48.1 -69.1 7 21.0 -48.6 290 23 339.3 339.3 294.1 339.4 0.01 54 222 10975 -46.7 -72.7 4 26.0 -47.3 290 24 348.3 348.3 296.3 348.3 0.01 55 211 11314 -46.3 -76.3 2 30.0 -47.0 290 25 354.0 354.0 297.5 354.0 0.01 56 200 11670 -47.1 -81.1 1 34.0 -47.8 290 26 358.2 358.2 298.4 358.2 0.00 57 198 11736 -47.3 290 26 358.9 58 150 13570 -47.7 295 21 387.9 59 100 16210 -53.9 265 21 423.6 60 91 16817 -53.1 265 20 436.8 61 84 17330 -55.5 265 19 442.0 62 77 17887 -52.9 255 25 458.5 63 71 18409 -54.3 268 32 466.3 64 70 18500 -53.5 270 32 469.9 65 65 18977 -51.9 300 27 483.5 66 55 20049 -55.1 282 17 499.8 67 53 20286 -53.5 265 17 508.8 68 51 20533 -54.5 262 19 512.1 69 50 20660 -52.1 270 21 520.7 70 49 20791 -51.5 263 20 525.1 71 43 21636 -54.7 234 13 537.3 72 41 21943 -52.7 186 17 549.6 73 38 22433 -54.7 209 23 556.6 74 35 22963 -52.5 203 16 575.6 75 32 23542 -53.1 229 15 588.9 76 30 23960 -52.3 210 17 602.1 77 23 25674 -53.5 223 20 646.1 78 21 26263 -51.1 195 30 670.3 79 20 26580 -50.9 195 27 680.4 80 17 27638 -51.1 210 37 712.1 81 15 28460 -46.9 226 35 752.0 82 14 28917 -47.7 235 34 764.3 83 14 28917 -45.5 235 34 771.7 84 13 29412 -45.3 237 34 789.0 85 12 29950 -41.7 240 34 820.0 86 11 30542 -40.5 242 33 845.0 87 10 31190 -41.7 245 33 863.9 TRP 287 9297 -51.9 -63.9 22 12.0 -52.1 325 17 316.2 316.2 287.5 316.3 0.02 WND Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5346.00 m Freezing level: 961.88 mb = 425.68 m = 1396.57 ft Freezing level: 929.80 mb = 697.38 m = 2287.98 ft Freezing level: 910.20 mb = 868.95 m = 2850.84 ft Wetbulb zero: Below ground Precipitable water: 0.31 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 52.37 % Est. max temperature: 10.43 C = 50.78 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 941.83 mb = 593.47 m = 1947.06 ft T: -0.72 C 700-500 lapse rate: 5.14 C/km ThetaE index: 2.72 C Layer 895.0- 880.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 715.69 mb = 2762.26 m = 9062.42 ft Mean mixing ratio: 2.48 g/kg Conv temperature: 15.20 C = 59.37 F Cap Strength: 15.46 C Lifted Index: 15.92 C Risk: None Lifted Index @300 mb: 20.90 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 7.95 C Showalter Index: 14.40 C Risk: None Total Totals Index: 26.40 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 22.20 C Cross Totals Index: 4.20 C K Index: -2.30 Risk: None Sweat Index: 49.00 Risk: None Energy Index: 4.00 Risk: None Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 31.32 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 7.91 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 69266.00 J/kg Cap Strength: 15.77 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 843.89 mb = 1472.32 m = 4830.40 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): -1.00 mb = -9999.00 m = -9999.00 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 30 at 11 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 987 215 5 3 -0.3 -3.0 | 218 9 5.4 7.0 1 940 610 45 18 -12.7 -12.7 | 69 8 -7.0 -2.7 2 925 739 45 14 -9.9 -9.9 | 91 4 -4.2 0.1 3 905 914 45 13 -9.2 -9.2 | 103 4 -3.5 0.8 4 871 1219 20 15 -5.1 -14.1 | 352 4 0.6 -4.1 5 850 1415 10 16 -2.8 -15.8 | 333 6 2.9 -5.8 6 838 1524 20 20 -6.8 -18.8 | 7 9 -1.1 -8.8 7 806 1829 20 15 -5.1 -14.1 | 352 4 0.6 -4.1 8 775 2134 340 15 5.1 -14.1 | 291 12 10.8 -4.1 9 746 2438 320 14 9.0 -10.7 | 273 15 14.7 -0.7 10 717 2743 355 15 1.3 -14.9 | 305 9 7.0 -5.0 11 700 2933 10 10 -1.7 -9.8 | 268 4 4.0 0.1 12 689 3048 15 10 -2.6 -9.7 | 264 3 3.1 0.3 13 636 3658 355 17 1.5 -16.9 | 314 10 7.2 -7.0 14 586 4267 360 15 -0.0 -15.0 | 311 8 5.7 -5.0 15 540 4877 340 19 6.5 -17.9 | 303 15 12.2 -7.9 16 500 5460 345 17 4.4 -16.4 | 303 12 10.1 -6.4 17 477 5791 360 15 -0.0 -15.0 | 311 8 5.7 -5.0 18 458 6096 345 19 4.9 -18.4 | 308 14 10.6 -8.4 19 420 6706 325 22 12.6 -18.0 | 294 20 18.3 -8.0 20 400 7060 325 18 10.3 -14.7 | 287 17 16.0 -4.8 21 385 7315 320 18 11.6 -13.8 | 282 18 17.3 -3.8 22 368 7620 335 17 7.2 -15.4 | 293 14 12.9 -5.4 23 322 8534 350 14 2.4 -13.8 | 295 9 8.1 -3.8 24 308 8839 320 13 8.4 -10.0 | 270 14 14.1 0.0 25 300 9010 325 13 7.5 -10.6 | 273 13 13.2 -0.7 26 294 9144 325 13 7.5 -10.6 | 273 13 13.2 -0.7 27 287 9297 325 17 9.8 -13.9 | 284 16 15.4 -3.9 28 280 9449 325 18 10.3 -14.7 | 287 17 16.0 -4.8 29 267 9754 300 27 23.4 -13.5 | 277 29 29.1 -3.5 30 250 10190 290 22 20.7 -7.5 | 265 26 26.4 2.5 31 200 11670 290 26 24.4 -8.9 | 268 30 30.1 1.1 32 150 13570 295 21 19.0 -8.9 | 267 25 24.7 1.1 33 116 15240 275 21 20.9 -1.8 | 253 28 26.6 8.2 34 100 16210 265 21 20.9 1.8 | 246 29 26.6 11.8 35 80 17678 265 19 18.9 1.7 | 245 27 24.6 11.6 36 76 17983 250 28 26.3 9.6 | 239 38 32.0 19.6 37 72 18288 265 32 31.9 2.8 | 251 40 37.6 12.8 38 70 18500 270 32 32.0 -0.0 | 255 39 37.7 10.0 39 69 18593 285 35 33.8 -9.1 | 269 40 39.5 0.9 40 60 19507 320 17 10.9 -13.0 | 280 17 16.6 -3.0 41 52 20422 255 17 16.4 4.4 | 237 26 22.1 14.4 42 50 20660 270 21 21.0 -0.0 | 249 29 26.7 10.0 43 49 20726 270 22 22.0 -0.0 | 250 29 27.7 10.0 44 47 21031 235 12 9.8 6.9 | 223 23 15.5 16.9 45 45 21336 200 17 5.8 16.0 | 204 28 11.5 26.0 46 43 21641 235 13 10.6 7.5 | 223 24 16.3 17.4 47 41 21946 185 17 1.5 16.9 | 195 28 7.2 26.9 48 37 22555 215 24 13.8 19.7 | 213 35 19.5 29.6 49 36 22860 195 16 4.1 15.5 | 201 27 9.8 25.4 50 32 23470 240 15 13.0 7.5 | 227 26 18.7 17.5 51 31 23774 195 17 4.4 16.4 | 201 28 10.1 26.4 52 30 23960 210 17 8.5 14.7 | 210 28 14.2 24.7 53 28 24384 255 11 10.6 2.8 | 232 21 16.3 12.8 54 24 25298 245 19 17.2 8.0 | 232 29 22.9 18.0 55 22 25908 210 21 10.5 18.2 | 210 32 16.2 28.2 56 21 26213 195 30 7.8 29.0 | 199 41 13.5 39.0 57 20 26580 195 27 7.0 26.1 | 199 38 12.7 36.1 58 18 27127 205 37 15.6 33.5 | 206 48 21.3 43.5 59 18 27432 205 38 16.1 34.4 | 206 49 21.8 44.4 60 14 28956 235 34 27.9 19.5 | 229 45 33.5 29.5 61 10 31190 245 33 29.9 13.9 | 236 43 35.6 23.9 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 359.7 at 15.3 knts Storm direction: 29.7 at 11.5 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 3.3 neg: 2.9 tot: 6.2 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 77.6 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 35.3 neg: -40.0 tot: -4.7 m^2/s^2 ave: -1.6 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.02 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 12.8 stream: 0.2 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.00 Bulk Rich Number: 2.29 Bulk Shear: 13.65 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 41 12 120 2| 13.0 0.0 13.0| 7.1 0.0 7.1 14.2 0.53| 22.8 12.1 1000 39 13 91 2| 6.5 3.3 9.7| 8.5 -4.4 4.1 4.1 0.24| 15.6 3.7 1500 30 14 31 3| 4.3 2.5 6.8| 16.3 -7.7 8.6 5.7 0.22| 14.0 3.1 2000 23 15 358 3| 3.2 4.4 7.6| 16.3 -26.4 -10.1 -5.1 -0.00| 14.0 -0.1 2500 13 14 329 5| 3.5 3.5 7.0| 33.5 -36.0 -2.4 -1.0 0.04| 13.5 0.5 3000 12 14 323 5| 3.3 2.9 6.2| 35.3 -40.0 -4.7 -1.6 0.02| 12.8 0.2 4000 8 14 318 6| 2.6 2.8 5.4| 38.0 -40.7 -2.7 -0.7 0.03| 10.6 0.4 5000 3 15 315 7| 2.1 2.8 4.8| 38.0 -46.2 -8.1 -1.6 0.01| 9.4 0.1 6000 360 15 313 8| 2.1 2.8 4.9| 42.1 -51.1 -9.0 -1.5 0.01| 8.8 0.1 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KBUF/skewt/KBUF.skewt.20200401.12.gif