UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2020032600.upa.cvt Date: 0000Z 26 MAR 20 Searching for KBUF... Searching the city database file for: KBUF ... Date:0000Z 26 MAR 20 Station: KBUF WMO ident: 72528 Latitude: 42.93 Longitude: -78.73 Elevation: 215.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 1000 122 SFC 988 215 9.6 4.6 71 5.0 7.1 210 7 283.7 284.7 280.8 298.7 5.38 2 980 283 8.8 1.8 61 7.0 5.5 216 8 283.6 284.4 279.6 296.1 4.44 3 966 403 7.6 1.6 66 6.0 4.8 227 8 283.5 284.3 279.6 296.0 4.44 4 932 701 6.8 0.8 66 6.0 4.0 242 11 285.6 286.4 280.4 298.0 4.35 5 925 764 6.2 0.2 65 6.0 3.4 240 12 285.6 286.4 280.3 297.6 4.19 6 870 1263 2.4 -2.2 72 4.6 0.4 235 15 286.7 287.4 280.2 297.5 3.74 7 850 1451 0.8 -1.8 83 2.6 -0.3 235 15 287.0 287.7 280.6 298.3 3.94 8 848 1470 0.6 -1.9 83 2.5 -0.5 236 15 287.0 287.7 280.6 298.2 3.92 9 812 1816 -2.1 -4.8 82 2.7 -3.2 249 15 287.7 288.3 280.1 297.2 3.29 10 787 2065 -3.1 -8.1 68 5.0 -4.9 265 21 289.2 289.7 280.0 296.9 2.63 11 783 2105 -2.9 -13.9 42 11.0 -6.4 268 22 289.8 290.1 279.0 294.9 1.67 12 778 2156 -2.7 -10.7 54 8.0 -5.5 272 23 290.6 291.0 280.0 297.1 2.17 13 774 2197 -2.7 -16.7 33 14.0 -6.8 276 23 291.0 291.2 279.1 295.1 1.34 14 770 2238 -2.7 -20.7 24 18.0 -7.5 280 22 291.4 291.6 278.8 294.4 0.95 15 757 2373 -2.5 -17.5 31 15.0 -7.0 293 21 293.1 293.3 280.0 297.0 1.28 16 748 2468 -3.1 -16.1 36 13.0 -7.1 301 21 293.4 293.7 280.4 297.9 1.45 17 739 2563 -3.7 -11.7 54 8.0 -6.4 304 23 293.8 294.2 281.4 300.2 2.11 18 727 2692 -4.9 -10.9 63 6.0 -7.0 308 24 293.9 294.3 281.7 300.8 2.29 19 700 2989 -6.9 -13.9 57 7.0 -9.1 310 29 294.8 295.2 281.5 300.5 1.86 20 686 3146 -8.1 -16.1 53 8.0 -10.5 311 29 295.2 295.5 281.4 300.1 1.58 21 683 3180 -8.5 -15.5 57 7.0 -10.6 311 29 295.1 295.4 281.4 300.3 1.67 22 677 3248 -8.7 -12.2 76 3.5 -9.9 312 29 295.7 296.1 282.3 302.4 2.21 23 665 3386 -9.9 -14.5 69 4.6 -11.3 313 29 295.8 296.2 282.0 301.6 1.87 24 659 3456 -10.3 -12.9 81 2.6 -11.1 313 29 296.1 296.5 282.5 302.7 2.15 25 646 3608 -11.3 -15.9 69 4.6 -12.6 315 29 296.7 297.0 282.2 302.0 1.71 26 634 3752 -12.5 -17.2 68 4.7 -13.8 316 30 296.9 297.2 282.1 301.8 1.56 27 626 3848 -12.7 -23.7 39 11.0 -15.2 316 31 297.8 297.9 281.6 300.7 0.90 28 611 4033 -14.1 -24.1 42 10.0 -16.3 318 33 298.2 298.4 281.8 301.1 0.89 29 592 4271 -15.5 -34.5 18 19.0 -18.5 320 35 299.3 299.4 281.5 300.5 0.35 30 590 4297 -15.7 320 35 299.4 31 570 4556 -15.5 324 38 302.6 32 538 4989 -18.3 329 42 304.3 33 504 5472 -22.7 -45.7 10 23.0 -25.0 325 47 304.7 304.7 283.4 305.1 0.13 34 500 5530 -23.3 -46.3 10 23.0 -25.5 325 48 304.6 304.7 283.4 305.1 0.12 35 486 5737 -24.9 -43.9 15 19.0 -26.8 325 52 305.1 305.2 283.7 305.7 0.16 36 451 6276 -29.3 -55.3 6 26.0 -30.9 325 59 306.2 306.2 284.0 306.4 0.05 37 400 7120 -37.1 -59.1 8 22.0 -37.9 325 62 306.8 306.8 284.1 306.9 0.03 38 368 7691 -42.7 -60.7 12 18.0 -43.2 329 63 306.7 306.7 284.1 306.8 0.03 39 349 8047 -45.5 -66.5 8 21.0 -45.9 323 55 307.6 307.6 284.4 307.7 0.01 40 300 9040 -53.1 -68.1 15 15.0 -53.3 300 62 310.5 310.5 285.5 310.6 0.01 41 298 9083 -53.3 -68.3 14 15.0 -53.5 300 63 310.8 310.8 285.7 310.9 0.01 42 292 9214 -53.5 -69.5 13 16.0 -53.7 301 69 312.3 312.3 286.2 312.4 0.01 43 290 9258 -51.9 -68.9 11 17.0 -52.1 302 70 315.2 315.2 287.2 315.3 0.01 44 285 9371 -52.3 -72.3 7 20.0 -52.5 305 74 316.2 316.2 287.5 316.3 0.01 45 284 9394 -52.1 -73.0 6 20.9 -52.3 305 75 316.9 316.9 287.8 316.9 0.01 46 270 9724 -48.5 -82.5 1 34.0 -48.9 305 67 326.7 326.7 290.7 326.7 0.00 47 263 9897 -48.1 -82.1 1 34.0 -48.6 305 61 329.7 329.7 291.6 329.7 0.00 48 250 10230 -48.9 -82.9 1 34.0 -49.3 305 51 333.4 333.4 292.6 333.4 0.00 49 200 11680 -53.1 -86.1 1 33.0 -53.4 295 53 348.7 348.7 296.3 348.7 0.00 50 198 11745 -53.3 -86.3 1 33.0 -53.7 295 54 349.4 349.4 296.5 349.4 0.00 51 188 12081 -50.9 -84.9 1 34.0 -51.4 285 56 358.5 358.5 298.4 358.5 0.00 52 177 12474 -52.3 -85.3 1 33.0 -52.7 280 60 362.4 362.4 299.2 362.4 0.00 53 164 12969 -51.7 -84.7 1 33.0 -52.2 280 66 371.4 371.4 300.8 371.4 0.00 54 161 13089 -50.9 -84.9 1 34.0 -51.4 280 68 374.7 374.7 301.4 374.7 0.00 55 157 13253 -51.5 -84.5 1 33.0 -52.0 278 67 376.4 376.4 301.6 376.4 0.00 56 152 13464 -50.9 -84.9 1 34.0 -51.5 276 66 380.9 380.9 302.4 380.9 0.00 57 150 13550 -51.3 -85.3 1 34.0 -51.8 275 66 381.7 381.7 302.5 381.7 0.00 58 146 13724 -52.1 -85.1 1 33.0 -52.6 276 65 383.3 383.3 302.8 383.3 0.00 59 135 14229 -51.9 -84.9 1 33.0 -52.5 277 62 392.3 392.3 304.1 392.3 0.00 60 128 14572 -52.9 -85.9 1 33.0 -53.4 278 61 396.5 396.5 304.8 396.5 0.00 61 100 16140 -57.7 -89.7 1 32.0 -58.1 285 51 416.2 416.2 307.3 416.2 0.00 62 95 16462 -60.1 -91.1 1 31.0 -60.4 285 54 417.7 417.7 307.4 417.7 0.00 63 79 17625 -56.1 -88.1 1 32.0 -56.7 290 52 448.6 448.6 310.7 448.6 0.00 64 76 17870 -58.1 -90.1 1 32.0 -58.6 282 50 449.4 449.4 310.8 449.4 0.00 65 71 18300 -56.9 -88.9 1 32.0 -57.5 264 47 460.8 460.8 311.8 460.8 0.00 66 70 18390 -57.7 -89.7 1 32.0 -58.3 260 47 460.9 460.9 311.8 461.0 0.00 67 62 19144 -62.5 -92.5 1 30.0 -62.9 283 42 466.6 466.6 312.4 466.6 0.00 68 59 19450 -60.3 -91.3 1 31.0 -60.8 277 38 478.2 478.2 313.3 478.2 0.00 69 54 20001 -59.1 -90.1 1 31.0 -59.7 265 34 493.2 493.2 314.5 493.2 0.00 70 50 20480 -60.5 -91.5 1 31.0 -61.0 260 34 500.9 500.9 315.0 500.9 0.00 71 42 21559 -63.5 -93.5 1 30.0 -64.0 246 48 519.1 519.1 316.2 519.1 0.00 72 40 21862 -59.1 -90.1 1 31.0 -59.9 261 45 537.4 537.4 317.3 537.5 0.00 73 37 22349 -60.5 -91.5 1 31.0 -61.2 279 42 546.0 546.0 317.9 546.0 0.00 74 34 22879 -57.9 -89.9 1 32.0 -58.9 271 46 566.2 566.2 319.0 566.2 0.00 75 33 23067 -58.7 -89.7 1 31.0 -59.7 247 47 568.9 568.9 319.1 568.9 0.00 76 32 23261 -56.9 -88.9 1 32.0 -58.1 238 47 578.7 578.7 319.6 578.8 0.00 77 30 23670 -56.7 -88.7 1 32.0 -58.0 250 45 590.1 590.1 320.2 590.1 0.00 78 26 24575 -58.3 -89.3 1 31.0 -59.6 243 39 610.2 610.2 321.0 610.2 0.01 79 25 24824 -54.9 -86.9 1 32.0 -56.8 248 42 626.8 626.8 321.7 626.9 0.01 80 23 25353 -58.3 -89.3 1 31.0 -59.7 260 58 631.9 632.0 322.0 632.0 0.01 81 22 25634 -56.1 -88.1 1 32.0 -57.9 260 59 646.6 646.6 322.6 646.6 0.01 82 20 26240 -56.7 -88.7 1 32.0 -58.6 260 60 662.6 662.6 323.2 662.7 0.01 83 19 26567 -54.9 -86.9 1 32.0 -57.2 259 58 678.0 678.0 323.7 678.1 0.01 84 15 28077 -56.5 -88.5 1 32.0 -58.9 255 62 720.1 720.1 325.1 720.2 0.01 85 14 28518 -54.3 -87.3 1 33.0 -57.4 267 71 741.9 741.9 325.7 742.0 0.01 86 12 29524 -47.3 -82.3 1 35.0 -53.2 260 58 800.2 800.2 327.3 800.5 0.04 87 11 30099 -48.1 -82.1 1 34.0 -54.0 269 54 817.4 817.4 327.7 817.8 0.04 88 10 30730 -46.9 -81.9 1 35.0 -53.7 250 53 844.5 844.5 328.3 844.9 0.05 89 9.8 30864 -47.3 -82.3 1 35.0 -54.0 250 54 847.9 847.9 328.4 848.3 0.05 90 9.0 31430 -44.5 -80.5 1 36.0 -52.9 251 57 879.5 879.6 329.0 880.2 0.07 91 8.2 32050 -46.1 -81.1 1 35.0 -54.1 253 61 897.0 897.0 329.4 897.7 0.07 92 7.2 32920 -42.9 -78.9 1 36.0 -53.1 255 66 944.1 944.1 330.2 945.3 0.11 93 7.0 33110 -42.7 -78.7 1 36.0 -53.1 255 67 952.5 952.6 330.4 953.9 0.12 94 6.0 34151 -42.7 -78.7 1 36.0 -53.8 995.5 995.5 331.1 997.1 0.14 TRP 298 9083 -53.3 -68.3 14 15.0 -53.5 300 63 310.8 310.8 285.7 310.9 0.01 WND 284 9394 -52.1 -73.0 6 20.9 -52.3 305 75 316.9 316.9 287.8 316.9 0.01 Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5408.00 m Freezing level: 840.00 mb = 1546.93 m = 5075.17 ft Wetbulb zero: 858.71 mb = 1368.75 m = 4490.58 ft Precipitable water: 0.45 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 60.37 % Est. max temperature: 13.03 C = 55.45 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 915.60 mb = 847.20 m = 2779.51 ft T: 5.57 C 700-500 lapse rate: 6.45 C/km ThetaE index: 3.41 C Layer 848.0- 778.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 826.06 mb = 1679.30 m = 5509.45 ft Mean mixing ratio: 4.29 g/kg Conv temperature: 13.26 C = 55.87 F Cap Strength: 8.16 C Lifted Index: 7.68 C Risk: None Lifted Index @300 mb: 9.52 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 4.21 C Showalter Index: 6.86 C Risk: None Total Totals Index: 45.60 C Risk: Scattered moderate thunderstorms Vertical Totals Index: 24.10 C Cross Totals Index: 21.50 C K Index: 15.30 Risk: < 20 % chance of thunderstorms Sweat Index: 78.00 Risk: None Energy Index: 1.44 Risk: None Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 13.39 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 5.18 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 55981.47 J/kg Cap Strength: 8.14 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 855.92 mb = 1395.00 m = 4576.71 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): -1.00 mb = -9999.00 m = -9999.00 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 341 at 22 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 988 215 210 7 3.5 6.1 | 172 27 -3.7 27.1 1 942 610 245 10 9.1 4.2 | 184 25 1.9 25.3 2 925 764 240 12 10.4 6.0 | 187 27 3.2 27.1 3 908 914 230 13 10.0 8.4 | 185 30 2.8 29.4 4 875 1219 235 15 12.3 8.6 | 190 30 5.1 29.7 5 850 1451 235 15 12.3 8.6 | 190 30 5.1 29.7 6 810 1829 250 15 14.1 5.1 | 195 27 6.9 26.2 7 780 2134 270 23 23.0 -0.0 | 217 26 15.8 21.1 8 750 2438 300 21 18.2 -10.5 | 226 15 11.0 10.6 9 722 2743 310 25 19.2 -16.1 | 247 13 12.0 5.0 10 700 2989 310 29 22.2 -18.6 | 261 15 15.0 2.4 11 641 3658 315 29 20.5 -20.5 | 268 13 13.3 0.6 12 591 4267 320 35 22.5 -26.8 | 290 16 15.3 -5.7 13 545 4877 330 41 20.5 -35.5 | 317 20 13.3 -14.4 14 500 5530 325 48 27.5 -39.3 | 312 27 20.4 -18.2 15 462 6096 325 59 33.8 -48.3 | 316 38 26.7 -27.2 16 400 7120 325 62 35.6 -50.8 | 316 41 28.4 -29.7 17 371 7620 330 64 32.0 -55.4 | 324 42 24.8 -34.3 18 324 8534 315 43 30.4 -30.4 | 292 25 23.2 -9.3 19 300 9040 300 62 53.7 -31.0 | 282 48 46.5 -9.9 20 298 9083 300 63 54.6 -31.5 | 282 49 47.4 -10.4 21 295 9144 300 66 57.2 -33.0 | 283 51 50.0 -11.9 22 284 9394 305 75 61.4 -43.0 | 292 59 54.3 -21.9 23 282 9449 305 75 61.4 -43.0 | 292 59 54.3 -21.9 24 250 10230 305 51 41.8 -29.3 | 283 36 34.6 -8.2 25 223 10973 285 38 36.7 -9.8 | 249 32 29.5 11.2 26 200 11680 295 53 48.0 -22.4 | 272 41 40.9 -1.3 27 194 11887 295 56 50.8 -23.7 | 273 44 43.6 -2.6 28 185 12192 280 56 55.1 -9.7 | 257 49 48.0 11.4 29 161 13106 280 68 67.0 -11.8 | 261 61 59.8 9.3 30 150 13550 275 66 65.7 -5.8 | 255 61 58.6 15.3 31 115 15240 280 57 56.1 -9.9 | 257 50 49.0 11.2 32 100 16140 285 51 49.3 -13.2 | 259 43 42.1 7.9 33 86 17069 285 61 58.9 -15.8 | 264 52 51.7 5.3 34 78 17678 290 51 47.9 -17.4 | 265 41 40.7 3.6 35 71 18288 265 47 46.8 4.1 | 238 47 39.6 25.2 36 70 18390 260 47 46.3 8.2 | 233 49 39.1 29.2 37 68 18593 260 47 46.3 8.2 | 233 49 39.1 29.2 38 61 19202 285 42 40.6 -10.9 | 253 35 33.4 10.2 39 56 19812 265 33 32.9 2.9 | 227 35 25.7 24.0 40 50 20422 265 36 35.9 3.1 | 230 38 28.7 24.2 41 50 20480 260 34 33.5 5.9 | 224 38 26.3 27.0 42 48 20726 240 35 30.3 17.5 | 211 45 23.1 38.6 43 44 21336 235 51 41.8 29.3 | 215 61 34.6 50.3 44 38 22250 280 41 40.4 -7.1 | 247 36 33.2 14.0 45 34 22860 275 46 45.8 -4.0 | 246 42 38.6 17.1 46 33 23165 235 48 39.3 27.5 | 213 58 32.1 48.6 47 30 23670 250 45 42.3 15.4 | 224 51 35.1 36.5 48 30 23774 260 43 42.3 7.5 | 231 45 35.2 28.6 49 28 24079 235 44 36.0 25.2 | 212 55 28.9 46.3 50 27 24384 240 42 36.4 21.0 | 215 51 29.2 42.1 51 26 24689 245 38 34.4 16.1 | 216 46 27.3 37.1 52 23 25298 260 58 57.1 10.1 | 238 59 49.9 31.2 53 20 26240 260 60 59.1 10.4 | 239 61 51.9 31.5 54 17 27432 255 52 50.2 13.5 | 231 55 43.0 34.5 55 16 27737 245 55 49.8 23.2 | 224 62 42.7 44.3 56 14 28651 270 73 73.0 -0.0 | 252 69 65.8 21.1 57 13 29261 255 60 58.0 15.5 | 234 63 50.8 36.6 58 11 30175 270 54 54.0 -0.0 | 246 51 46.8 21.1 59 10 30730 250 53 49.8 18.1 | 227 58 42.6 39.2 60 7 33110 255 67 64.7 17.3 | 236 69 57.5 38.4 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 311.2 at 29.7 knts Storm direction: 341.2 at 22.3 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 5.6 neg: 0.7 tot: 6.3 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 90.6 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 210.2 neg: -3.8 tot: 206.4 m^2/s^2 ave: 68.8 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.69 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 8.3 stream: 5.8 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.01 Bulk Rich Number: 0.12 Bulk Shear: 111.80 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 234 9 180 26| 6.7 0.0 6.7| 45.0 0.0 45.0 89.9 0.86| 7.6 6.6 1000 234 11 184 28| 3.4 2.0 5.4| 63.8 -3.8 60.0 60.0 0.65| 6.6 4.3 1500 236 12 186 28| 2.9 1.3 4.2| 78.0 -3.8 74.2 49.5 0.65| 5.3 3.5 2000 244 14 191 28| 5.3 1.0 6.3|165.1 -3.8 161.3 80.7 0.75| 7.7 5.8 2500 259 16 199 25| 5.8 0.8 6.6|194.0 -3.8 190.2 76.1 0.68| 8.9 6.0 3000 274 18 208 23| 5.6 0.7 6.3|210.2 -3.8 206.4 68.8 0.69| 8.3 5.8 4000 291 21 223 18| 5.0 0.5 5.5|235.2 -3.8 231.4 57.8 0.72| 7.2 5.2 5000 304 25 242 15| 5.2 0.4 5.6|275.8 -9.4 266.5 53.3 0.69| 7.2 4.9 6000 311 30 264 15| 4.3 1.2 5.6|294.1 -16.6 277.4 46.2 0.58| 7.3 4.2 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KBUF/skewt/KBUF.skewt.20200326.00.gif