UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2020032112.upa.cvt Date: 1200Z 21 MAR 20 Searching for KBUF... Searching the city database file for: KBUF ... Date:1200Z 21 MAR 20 Station: KBUF WMO ident: 72528 Latitude: 42.93 Longitude: -78.73 Elevation: 215.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SFC 1004 215 -3.7 -7.3 76 3.6 -4.8 10 7 269.1 269.5 268.1 275.1 2.20 1 1000 252 -4.3 -7.9 76 3.6 -5.4 5 8 268.9 269.2 267.7 274.6 2.10 2 963 547 -7.3 -10.5 78 3.2 -8.2 1 11 268.7 269.0 267.1 273.6 1.78 3 939 743 -9.1 -10.8 87 1.7 -9.6 357 11 268.8 269.1 267.2 273.7 1.78 4 925 859 -9.9 -11.3 89 1.4 -10.3 355 10 269.2 269.5 267.3 274.0 1.74 5 879 1251 -12.1 -13.5 89 1.4 -12.5 1 11 270.9 271.1 268.1 275.1 1.53 6 873 1304 -11.1 -14.0 79 2.9 -11.8 1 12 272.4 272.7 269.0 276.6 1.48 7 867 1357 -10.9 -15.6 68 4.7 -12.0 2 13 273.2 273.4 269.2 276.9 1.31 8 855 1464 -11.1 -16.1 67 5.0 -12.3 4 14 274.1 274.3 269.7 277.7 1.27 9 850 1509 -11.3 -16.3 66 5.0 -12.5 5 15 274.3 274.5 269.8 277.9 1.26 10 827 1719 -12.3 -19.3 56 7.0 -13.8 12 16 275.4 275.6 270.1 278.3 1.00 11 802 1953 -13.1 -24.1 39 11.0 -15.1 11 15 277.0 277.1 270.5 279.0 0.68 12 747 2492 -15.3 -30.3 27 15.0 -17.6 335 15 280.3 280.4 272.1 281.6 0.41 13 741 2553 -14.9 -32.9 20 18.0 -17.4 330 17 281.4 281.4 272.5 282.4 0.32 14 736 2604 -11.9 -52.9 2 41.0 -15.8 326 19 285.2 285.2 274.2 285.3 0.04 15 733 2635 -10.9 -57.9 1 47.0 -15.2 323 20 286.6 286.6 274.9 286.7 0.02 16 725 2720 -10.3 -57.3 1 47.0 -14.7 317 22 288.2 288.2 275.7 288.3 0.02 17 712 2860 -7.7 -55.7 1 48.0 -12.9 305 24 292.5 292.5 278.0 292.6 0.03 18 700 2992 -7.5 -55.5 1 48.0 -12.9 295 26 294.2 294.2 278.7 294.3 0.03 19 678 3240 -7.5 -55.5 1 48.0 -13.0 288 31 296.9 296.9 280.0 297.0 0.03 20 658 3474 -5.5 -53.5 1 48.0 -11.7 287 35 301.7 301.7 282.1 301.8 0.04 21 538 5016 -17.3 -61.3 1 44.0 -20.8 269 47 305.5 305.5 283.6 305.5 0.02 22 500 5560 -20.9 -49.9 6 29.0 -23.7 265 50 307.6 307.6 284.5 307.9 0.08 23 463 6125 -25.1 -50.1 8 25.0 -27.2 260 54 309.2 309.2 285.1 309.5 0.08 24 419 6842 -31.9 -46.9 21 15.0 -33.0 264 56 309.4 309.4 285.2 309.9 0.13 25 414 6927 -32.1 -46.1 24 14.0 -33.2 265 56 310.2 310.2 285.6 310.7 0.15 26 400 7170 -33.5 -57.5 7 24.0 -34.7 260 66 311.4 311.5 285.9 311.6 0.04 27 391 7329 -33.7 -72.7 1 39.0 -35.0 258 69 313.2 313.2 286.5 313.2 0.01 28 364 7825 -37.7 -64.7 4 27.0 -38.7 254 77 314.4 314.4 286.9 314.4 0.02 29 349 8113 -38.9 -75.9 1 37.0 -39.8 253 78 316.5 316.5 287.6 316.6 0.00 30 300 9130 -46.7 -81.7 1 35.0 -47.2 250 83 319.5 319.5 288.6 319.5 0.00 31 250 10320 -56.7 -83.7 2 27.0 -56.9 250 87 321.8 321.8 289.3 321.8 0.00 32 247 10396 -57.3 -82.3 3 25.0 -57.5 251 88 322.0 322.0 289.3 322.0 0.00 33 234 10736 -59.3 -71.3 20 12.0 -59.4 255 91 324.0 324.0 290.0 324.0 0.01 34 216 11236 -59.7 -73.7 15 14.0 -59.8 252 92 330.9 330.9 292.0 330.9 0.01 35 209 11442 -57.5 -75.5 8 18.0 -57.7 251 92 337.4 337.4 293.7 337.5 0.01 36 200 11720 -57.5 -84.5 2 27.0 -57.7 250 92 341.7 341.7 294.7 341.7 0.00 37 194 11913 -56.3 -88.3 1 32.0 -56.5 251 92 346.6 346.6 295.9 346.6 0.00 38 189 12078 -57.1 -89.1 1 32.0 -57.3 251 92 347.9 347.9 296.2 347.9 0.00 39 175 12564 -57.3 -89.3 1 32.0 -57.5 252 92 355.3 355.3 297.8 355.3 0.00 40 165 12934 -59.7 -90.7 1 31.0 -59.9 253 93 357.4 357.4 298.2 357.4 0.00 41 157 13245 -58.7 -89.7 1 31.0 -58.9 254 93 364.2 364.2 299.5 364.2 0.00 42 150 13530 -60.1 -91.1 1 31.0 -60.3 255 93 366.5 366.5 299.9 366.5 0.00 43 149 13572 -60.3 -91.3 1 31.0 -60.5 255 93 366.9 366.9 300.0 366.9 0.00 44 145 13741 -59.7 -90.7 1 31.0 -59.9 255 95 370.8 370.8 300.7 370.8 0.00 45 140 13959 -60.5 -91.5 1 31.0 -60.7 255 98 373.1 373.1 301.1 373.1 0.00 46 135 14186 -59.5 -90.5 1 31.0 -59.7 255 100 378.8 378.8 302.1 378.8 0.00 47 130 14421 -59.8 -90.8 1 31.0 -60.1 255 102 382.3 382.3 302.6 382.3 0.00 48 129 14469 -59.9 -90.9 1 31.0 -60.2 255 102 383.1 383.1 302.8 383.1 0.00 49 125 14666 -59.3 -90.3 1 31.0 -59.6 255 101 387.6 387.6 303.4 387.6 0.00 50 120 14920 -60.9 -91.9 1 31.0 -61.1 255 99 389.2 389.2 303.7 389.2 0.00 51 118 15024 -60.3 -91.3 1 31.0 -60.6 255 98 392.2 392.2 304.1 392.2 0.00 52 105 15747 -61.9 -91.9 1 30.0 -62.1 261 97 402.5 402.5 305.5 402.5 0.00 53 103 15866 -60.5 -91.5 1 31.0 -60.8 263 97 407.4 407.4 306.2 407.4 0.00 54 100 16050 -60.5 -91.5 1 31.0 -60.8 265 97 410.8 410.8 306.6 410.8 0.00 55 82 17275 -65.3 -94.3 1 29.0 -65.5 262 98 425.0 425.0 308.3 425.0 0.00 56 72 18068 -65.9 -94.9 1 29.0 -66.1 260 99 439.8 439.8 309.8 439.8 0.00 57 70 18240 -64.1 -94.1 1 30.0 -64.4 260 99 447.3 447.3 310.6 447.3 0.00 58 68 18419 -62.9 -92.9 1 30.0 -63.2 260 101 453.6 453.6 311.2 453.6 0.00 59 59 19294 -63.3 -93.3 1 30.0 -63.6 259 87 471.5 471.5 312.8 471.5 0.00 60 58 19400 -61.5 -92.5 1 31.0 -61.9 258 86 477.8 477.8 313.2 477.8 0.00 61 55 19729 -62.7 -92.7 1 30.0 -63.1 255 85 482.4 482.4 313.7 482.4 0.00 62 50 20320 -61.5 -92.5 1 31.0 -62.0 250 83 498.6 498.6 314.8 498.6 0.00 63 47 20703 -61.7 -91.7 1 30.0 -62.2 253 88 507.0 507.0 315.4 507.0 0.00 64 42 21391 -65.9 -94.9 1 29.0 -66.2 259 96 513.2 513.2 315.8 513.2 0.00 65 40 21687 -66.1 -95.1 1 29.0 -66.4 255 87 519.9 519.9 316.3 519.9 0.00 66 38 21999 -63.9 -93.9 1 30.0 -64.4 255 89 533.1 533.1 317.1 533.2 0.00 67 33 22861 -64.9 -94.9 1 30.0 -65.4 255 94 552.4 552.4 318.2 552.5 0.00 68 32 23050 -61.3 -92.3 1 31.0 -62.0 255 96 567.0 567.0 319.0 567.0 0.00 69 31 23247 -61.1 -92.1 1 31.0 -61.9 255 97 572.7 572.7 319.3 572.7 0.00 70 30 23450 -61.3 -92.3 1 31.0 -62.1 255 98 577.5 577.5 319.5 577.5 0.00 71 27 24102 -62.9 -92.9 1 30.0 -63.6 248 104 590.7 590.7 320.2 590.7 0.00 72 26 24336 -60.9 -91.9 1 31.0 -61.9 245 106 602.8 602.8 320.7 602.8 0.00 73 25 24580 -61.3 -92.3 1 31.0 -62.2 246 108 608.4 608.4 321.0 608.5 0.00 74 24 24835 -58.5 -89.5 1 31.0 -59.8 248 110 623.7 623.7 321.6 623.8 0.01 75 22 25385 -56.1 -88.1 1 32.0 -57.9 251 115 646.6 646.6 322.6 646.6 0.01 76 21 25683 -53.9 -86.9 1 33.0 -56.3 253 117 661.9 661.9 323.2 662.0 0.01 77 20 26000 -48.9 -82.9 1 34.0 -52.7 255 120 686.5 686.5 324.0 686.7 0.02 78 19 26338 -47.5 -82.5 1 35.0 -51.9 255 123 701.0 701.0 324.4 701.2 0.02 79 18 26698 -44.9 -79.9 1 35.0 -50.4 255 126 720.1 720.1 325.1 720.4 0.04 80 17 27080 -45.1 -80.1 1 35.0 -50.7 255 129 731.3 731.4 325.4 731.7 0.04 81 15 27939 -32.9 -71.9 1 39.0 -45.0 248 129 798.5 798.6 327.3 800.1 0.15 82 14 28425 -32.3 -71.3 1 39.0 -45.2 245 125 816.5 816.6 327.7 818.3 0.18 83 11 30101 -39.7 -76.7 1 37.0 -49.6 234 110 847.9 848.0 328.4 849.0 0.10 84 11 30101 -37.1 -75.1 1 38.0 -48.4 234 110 857.4 857.4 328.6 858.7 0.13 85 11 30101 -36.5 -74.5 1 38.0 -48.2 234 110 859.5 859.6 328.6 861.0 0.14 86 10 30760 -37.5 -75.5 1 38.0 -49.1 230 104 879.6 879.6 329.0 881.0 0.14 87 9.9 30829 -38.3 -76.3 1 38.0 -49.5 879.1 879.2 329.0 880.4 0.12 88 9.5 31114 -36.5 -74.5 1 38.0 -48.9 896.3 896.4 329.4 898.2 0.17 TRP 234 10736 -59.3 -71.3 20 12.0 -59.4 255 91 324.0 324.0 290.0 324.0 0.01 WND 130 14421 -59.8 -90.8 1 31.0 -60.1 255 102 382.3 382.3 302.6 382.3 0.00 Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5308.00 m Freezing level: Surface below freezing Wetbulb zero: Below ground Precipitable water: 0.15 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 28.51 % Est. max temperature: 1.27 C = 34.29 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 948.54 mb = 664.61 m = 2180.45 ft T: -8.38 C 700-500 lapse rate: 5.22 C/km ThetaE index: 1.50 C Layer 1000.0- 939.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 901.82 mb = 1054.14 m = 3458.41 ft Mean mixing ratio: 1.83 g/kg Conv temperature: -2.82 C = 26.92 F Cap Strength: 26.74 C Lifted Index: 27.77 C Risk: None Lifted Index @300 mb: 32.26 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 19.78 C Showalter Index: 24.67 C Risk: None Total Totals Index: 14.20 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 9.60 C Cross Totals Index: 4.60 C K Index: -54.70 Risk: None Sweat Index: 80.00 Risk: None Energy Index: 6.44 Risk: None Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 3.75 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 2.74 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 64485.86 J/kg Cap Strength: 27.60 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 916.05 mb = 933.77 m = 3063.52 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): -1.00 mb = -9999.00 m = -9999.00 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 316 at 23 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 1004 215 10 7 -1.2 -6.9 | 119 19 -16.9 9.4 1 1000 252 5 8 -0.7 -8.0 | 117 18 -16.4 8.4 2 955 610 360 12 -0.0 -12.0 | 105 16 -15.7 4.3 3 925 859 355 10 0.9 -10.0 | 113 16 -14.8 6.4 4 918 914 355 10 0.9 -10.0 | 113 16 -14.8 6.4 5 883 1219 360 11 -0.0 -11.0 | 109 17 -15.7 5.3 6 850 1509 5 15 -1.3 -14.9 | 95 17 -17.0 1.4 7 815 1829 15 17 -4.4 -16.4 | 90 20 -20.1 -0.1 8 783 2134 5 13 -1.1 -13.0 | 101 17 -16.8 3.4 9 753 2438 340 13 4.4 -12.2 | 110 12 -11.2 4.1 10 723 2743 315 23 16.3 -16.3 | 264 1 0.6 0.1 11 700 2992 295 26 23.6 -11.0 | 236 10 7.9 5.3 12 695 3048 290 28 26.3 -9.6 | 238 13 10.6 6.7 13 642 3658 285 38 36.7 -9.8 | 253 22 21.0 6.5 14 592 4267 280 43 42.3 -7.5 | 252 28 26.7 8.9 15 547 4877 270 46 46.0 -0.0 | 242 34 30.3 16.3 16 500 5560 265 50 49.8 4.4 | 239 40 34.1 20.7 17 464 6096 260 54 53.2 9.4 | 236 45 37.5 25.7 18 409 7010 265 56 55.8 4.9 | 242 45 40.1 21.2 19 400 7170 260 66 65.0 11.5 | 241 57 49.3 27.8 20 374 7620 255 76 73.4 19.7 | 238 68 57.7 36.0 21 300 9130 250 83 78.0 28.4 | 234 77 62.3 44.7 22 299 9144 250 83 78.0 28.4 | 234 77 62.3 44.7 23 250 10320 250 87 81.8 29.8 | 235 81 66.1 46.1 24 234 10736 255 91 87.9 23.6 | 241 82 72.2 39.9 25 200 11720 250 92 86.5 31.5 | 236 85 70.8 47.8 26 150 13530 255 93 89.8 24.1 | 241 84 74.2 40.4 27 132 14326 255 102 98.5 26.4 | 243 93 82.8 42.7 28 130 14421 255 102 98.5 26.4 | 243 93 82.8 42.7 29 114 15240 255 97 93.7 25.1 | 242 88 78.0 41.4 30 100 16050 265 97 96.6 8.5 | 253 85 81.0 24.8 31 70 18240 260 99 97.5 17.2 | 248 88 81.8 33.5 32 69 18288 260 103 101.4 17.9 | 248 92 85.8 34.2 33 60 19202 260 87 85.7 15.1 | 246 77 70.0 31.4 34 50 20320 250 83 78.0 28.4 | 234 77 62.3 44.7 35 49 20422 250 84 78.9 28.7 | 235 78 63.3 45.1 36 42 21336 260 98 96.5 17.0 | 248 87 80.8 33.3 37 40 21641 255 87 84.0 22.5 | 240 79 68.4 38.8 38 30 23450 255 98 94.7 25.4 | 242 89 79.0 41.7 39 26 24384 245 106 96.1 44.8 | 233 101 80.4 61.1 40 20 26000 255 120 115.9 31.1 | 245 111 100.2 47.4 41 16 27432 255 131 126.5 33.9 | 246 122 110.9 50.2 42 16 27737 250 131 123.1 44.8 | 240 124 107.4 61.1 43 10 30760 230 104 79.7 66.8 | 218 105 64.0 83.2 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 286.1 at 30.2 knts Storm direction: 316.1 at 22.6 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 1.0 neg: 5.8 tot: 6.9 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 125.0 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 39.8 neg: -55.1 tot: -15.3 m^2/s^2 ave: -5.1 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.01 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 9.5 stream: 0.1 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.00 Bulk Rich Number: 0.03 Bulk Shear: 113.67 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 2 10 111 17| 0.0 4.7 4.7| 3.8 -19.4 -15.6 -31.2 -0.54| 6.3 -3.4 1000 359 10 111 17| 0.2 2.3 2.6| 9.2 -24.9 -15.7 -15.7 -0.37| 4.5 -1.7 1500 2 12 106 17| 2.1 1.6 3.6| 9.2 -48.3 -39.1 -26.1 -0.56| 5.2 -2.9 2000 4 12 103 17| 1.6 1.4 2.9| 28.1 -50.4 -22.4 -11.2 -0.22| 5.7 -1.3 2500 357 13 102 15| 1.2 4.2 5.4| 33.7 -53.5 -19.8 -7.9 -0.13| 7.7 -1.0 3000 341 15 100 11| 1.0 5.8 6.9| 39.8 -55.1 -15.3 -5.1 0.01| 9.5 0.1 4000 313 21 168 2| 0.8 6.0 6.8| 52.5 -58.2 -5.6 -1.4 0.04| 8.8 0.4 5000 297 26 238 8| 0.6 5.6 6.2| 52.5-111.7 -59.2 -11.8 -0.04| 8.3 -0.4 6000 286 30 239 15| 0.5 5.3 5.8| 59.3-148.0 -88.7 -14.8 -0.07| 7.7 -0.5 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KBUF/skewt/KBUF.skewt.20200321.12.gif