UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025041911.upa.cvt Date: 1100Z 19 APR 25 Searching for YMMQ... Searching the city database file for: YMMQ ... Date:1100Z 19 APR 25 Station: YMMQ WMO ident: 94998 Latitude: -54.48 Longitude: 158.93 Elevation: 6.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 1000 -72 325 11 SFC 991 6 7.2 7.1 99 0.1 7.2 325 11 281.1 282.2 280.7 298.6 6.39 2 989 23 7.2 7.2 100 0.0 7.2 323 12 281.2 282.3 280.8 298.9 6.45 3 925 569 6.0 4.8 92 1.2 5.4 285 24 285.4 286.5 282.1 301.8 5.83 4 858 1185 4.6 2.5 86 2.1 3.5 307 30 290.2 291.1 283.6 305.5 5.34 5 850 1261 4.0 2.4 89 1.6 3.2 310 31 290.3 291.3 283.7 305.7 5.35 6 713 2668 -4.9 -5.8 93 0.9 -5.3 316 39 295.5 296.1 283.7 305.9 3.48 7 700 2813 -5.5 -7.3 87 1.8 -6.2 315 39 296.4 297.0 283.7 305.9 3.15 8 691 2915 -5.3 -9.7 71 4.4 -6.9 316 39 297.7 298.2 283.7 305.8 2.65 9 683 3006 -5.7 -9.8 73 4.1 -7.2 317 40 298.3 298.7 284.0 306.4 2.66 10 622 3732 -12.1 -12.8 95 0.7 -12.3 325 43 299.0 299.4 283.8 306.1 2.29 11 603 3969 -13.7 -16.7 78 3.0 -14.6 325 43 299.8 300.1 283.5 305.2 1.72 12 582 4237 -16.3 -16.4 99 0.1 -16.3 325 44 299.9 300.2 283.6 305.5 1.82 13 580 4263 -15.7 -19.3 74 3.6 -16.6 325 44 300.9 301.1 283.5 305.4 1.43 14 579 4276 -14.3 -28.3 29 14.0 -17.1 325 44 302.6 302.8 283.3 304.8 0.64 15 574 4342 -12.9 -48.9 3 36.0 -17.3 324 44 305.0 305.0 283.5 305.3 0.08 16 500 5380 -20.9 -40.9 15 20.0 -23.4 305 46 307.6 307.6 284.7 308.3 0.21 17 491 5514 -22.1 -43.1 13 21.0 -24.5 305 47 307.7 307.7 284.7 308.3 0.17 18 477 5725 -23.3 -35.3 32 12.0 -25.0 305 50 308.8 308.8 285.4 310.1 0.40 19 471 5818 -23.7 -42.7 16 19.0 -25.8 305 51 309.4 309.4 285.4 310.1 0.19 20 465 5911 -24.3 -34.3 39 10.0 -25.8 305 52 309.8 309.9 285.8 311.3 0.45 21 454 6085 -25.5 -39.5 26 14.0 -27.2 305 54 310.4 310.5 285.8 311.4 0.27 22 446 6214 -26.5 -33.5 52 7.0 -27.5 306 54 310.7 310.8 286.2 312.5 0.51 23 436 6377 -27.7 -38.7 34 11.0 -29.0 308 55 311.2 311.3 286.1 312.3 0.31 24 420 6644 -29.5 -30.3 93 0.8 -29.6 311 56 312.3 312.4 287.0 314.8 0.73 25 414 6747 -30.1 -33.5 72 3.4 -30.6 312 56 312.8 312.9 287.0 314.7 0.55 26 402 6955 -31.9 -32.8 92 0.9 -32.0 315 57 313.1 313.2 287.1 315.2 0.60 27 400 6990 -32.1 -33.5 87 1.4 -32.3 315 57 313.3 313.4 287.2 315.2 0.57 28 397 7043 -32.5 -34.7 81 2.2 -32.8 315 57 313.4 313.5 287.2 315.2 0.51 29 394 7096 -32.7 -42.7 36 10.0 -33.6 316 57 313.8 313.9 286.9 314.7 0.22 30 388 7204 -33.5 -37.5 67 4.0 -33.9 316 58 314.2 314.2 287.3 315.6 0.39 31 383 7295 -34.1 -42.1 44 8.0 -34.8 317 58 314.6 314.6 287.2 315.4 0.25 32 380 7350 -34.7 -37.9 73 3.2 -35.0 317 58 314.5 314.5 287.3 315.8 0.38 33 377 7405 -35.1 -44.1 39 9.0 -35.8 317 58 314.7 314.7 287.2 315.4 0.20 34 376 7423 -35.5 -39.5 67 4.0 -35.9 317 58 314.4 314.4 287.3 315.5 0.33 35 369 7553 -36.5 -37.7 89 1.2 -36.6 318 59 314.7 314.8 287.5 316.2 0.40 36 361 7705 -37.9 -39.5 85 1.6 -38.0 319 59 314.8 314.9 287.5 316.1 0.34 37 356 7800 -38.5 -48.5 34 10.0 -39.1 319 59 315.3 315.3 287.3 315.8 0.13 38 353 7858 -38.9 -51.9 24 13.0 -39.6 319 60 315.5 315.5 287.3 315.9 0.09 39 347 7975 -39.9 -47.9 42 8.0 -40.4 320 60 315.7 315.7 287.5 316.2 0.14 40 346 7995 -40.1 -54.1 21 14.0 -40.8 320 60 315.7 315.7 287.4 316.0 0.07 41 339 8134 -41.1 -42.5 86 1.4 -41.2 321 60 316.2 316.2 287.8 317.2 0.27 42 331 8295 -42.7 -43.6 91 0.9 -42.8 322 61 316.2 316.2 287.8 317.0 0.24 43 321 8501 -44.7 -46.9 79 2.2 -44.8 323 62 316.2 316.2 287.7 316.8 0.17 44 315 8627 -45.5 -57.5 25 12.0 -45.9 323 62 316.8 316.8 287.8 317.0 0.05 45 311 8712 -46.3 -56.3 31 10.0 -46.6 324 62 316.8 316.8 287.8 317.1 0.06 46 306 8819 -46.7 -58.7 24 12.0 -47.0 324 63 317.7 317.7 288.1 317.9 0.05 47 300 8950 -47.5 -57.5 31 10.0 -47.8 325 63 318.4 318.4 288.3 318.6 0.05 48 296 9039 -48.3 -57.3 35 9.0 -48.6 325 63 318.5 318.5 288.3 318.7 0.06 49 292 9129 -49.1 -52.2 70 3.1 -49.2 325 64 318.6 318.6 288.4 319.0 0.10 50 287 9242 -49.3 -53.3 63 4.0 -49.4 325 64 319.9 319.9 288.8 320.3 0.09 51 284 9312 -49.3 -68.3 9 19.0 -49.7 325 64 320.9 320.9 289.0 320.9 0.01 52 250 10140 -55.1 -68.1 18 13.0 -55.3 315 70 324.1 324.2 290.0 324.2 0.02 53 240 10400 -56.0 -67.2 23 11.2 -56.2 310 72 326.6 326.6 290.7 326.7 0.02 54 239 10426 -56.1 -67.1 24 11.0 -56.3 311 71 326.8 326.8 290.8 326.9 0.02 55 235 10533 -56.5 -71.5 13 15.0 -56.7 315 69 327.8 327.8 291.1 327.9 0.01 56 200 11560 -54.7 -79.7 3 25.0 -55.0 305 56 346.1 346.1 295.8 346.2 0.00 57 188 11955 -54.3 -82.3 2 28.0 -54.6 305 52 353.0 353.0 297.3 353.0 0.00 58 150 13390 -56.5 -84.5 2 28.0 -56.8 305 60 372.7 372.7 301.1 372.7 0.00 59 100 15970 -56.3 -85.3 1 29.0 -56.8 290 45 418.9 418.9 307.6 419.0 0.00 60 89 16710 -53.7 -85.7 1 32.0 -54.4 288 47 438.3 438.3 309.7 438.4 0.00 61 83 17153 -56.9 -85.9 1 29.0 -57.4 290 48 440.7 440.7 310.0 440.7 0.00 62 70 18230 -55.7 -86.7 1 31.0 -56.4 295 51 465.2 465.2 312.3 465.2 0.00 63 69 18322 -54.9 -85.9 1 31.0 -55.6 294 51 468.9 468.9 312.5 468.9 0.00 64 61 19107 -57.9 -86.9 1 29.0 -58.5 285 51 479.0 479.0 313.4 479.0 0.00 65 50 20380 -52.7 -85.7 1 33.0 -54.0 270 51 519.3 519.3 316.2 519.3 0.01 66 46 20918 -52.3 -85.3 1 33.0 -53.8 272 53 532.8 532.8 317.1 532.8 0.01 67 36 22488 -56.1 -88.1 1 32.0 -57.3 280 57 561.6 561.6 318.7 561.7 0.00 68 34 22853 -54.1 -87.1 1 33.0 -55.6 281 59 576.2 576.2 319.5 576.2 0.01 69 30 23650 -57.1 -88.1 1 31.0 -58.4 285 61 589.0 589.0 320.1 589.0 0.01 70 20 26210 -56.5 -88.5 1 32.0 -58.4 265 75 663.2 663.2 323.2 663.3 0.01 71 16 27633 -53.7 -86.7 1 33.0 -56.6 267 80 716.1 716.1 325.0 716.2 0.01 72 12 29449 -60.9 -89.9 1 29.0 -62.7 269 85 752.0 752.0 326.0 752.0 0.01 73 10 30580 -61.3 -90.3 1 29.0 -63.3 270 89 790.7 790.7 327.0 790.8 0.01 74 9.5 30897 -62.5 -90.5 1 28.0 -64.4 797.9 797.9 327.2 798.0 0.01 75 7.5 32377 -56.5 -88.5 1 32.0 -60.4 878.0 878.0 329.0 878.2 0.02 TRP 235 10533 -56.5 -71.5 13 15.0 -56.7 315 69 327.8 327.8 291.1 327.9 0.01 WND 240 10400 -56.0 -67.2 23 11.2 -56.2 310 72 326.6 326.6 290.7 326.7 0.02 Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5452.00 m Freezing level: 788.43 mb = 1893.48 m = 6212.11 ft Wetbulb zero: 798.30 mb = 1763.41 m = 5785.40 ft Precipitable water: 0.73 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 71.82 % Est. max temperature: 16.75 C = 62.16 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 989.58 mb = 17.77 m = 58.31 ft T: 7.20 C 700-500 lapse rate: 6.00 C/km Conv cond level (CCL): 849.20 mb = 1268.57 m = 4161.92 ft Mean mixing ratio: 5.99 g/kg Conv temperature: 16.47 C = 61.64 F Cap Strength: 7.00 C Lifted Index: 7.26 C Risk: None Lifted Index @300 mb: 12.30 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 3.27 C Showalter Index: 4.16 C Risk: None Total Totals Index: 48.20 C Risk: Scattered moderate thunderstorms Vertical Totals Index: 24.90 C Cross Totals Index: 23.30 C K Index: 25.50 Risk: 40-60 % chance of thunderstorms Sweat Index: 136.80 Risk: None Energy Index: 0.55 Risk: None Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 23.88 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 6.91 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 54258.71 J/kg Cap Strength: 7.20 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 927.06 mb = 550.81 m = 1807.11 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): -1.00 mb = -9999.00 m = -9999.00 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 344 at 29 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 991 6 325 11 6.3 -9.0 | 174 19 -1.9 18.7 1 955 305 295 27 24.5 -11.4 | 225 23 16.3 16.3 2 925 569 285 24 23.2 -6.2 | 215 26 15.0 21.5 3 920 610 285 25 24.1 -6.5 | 217 27 16.0 21.2 4 887 914 295 27 24.5 -11.4 | 225 23 16.3 16.3 5 850 1261 310 31 23.7 -19.9 | 244 17 15.6 7.7 6 822 1524 315 33 23.3 -23.3 | 254 16 15.2 4.3 7 762 2134 320 37 23.8 -28.3 | 272 16 15.6 -0.7 8 700 2813 315 39 27.6 -27.6 | 270 19 19.4 0.1 9 627 3658 325 43 24.7 -35.2 | 295 18 16.5 -7.5 10 579 4267 325 44 25.2 -36.0 | 296 19 17.1 -8.4 11 500 5380 305 46 37.7 -26.4 | 267 30 29.5 1.3 12 453 6096 305 54 44.2 -31.0 | 275 36 36.1 -3.3 13 400 6990 315 57 40.3 -40.3 | 291 35 32.1 -12.6 14 300 8950 325 63 36.1 -51.6 | 311 37 28.0 -23.9 15 278 9449 325 65 37.3 -53.2 | 311 39 29.1 -25.6 16 250 10140 315 70 49.5 -49.5 | 298 47 41.3 -21.8 17 240 10400 310 72 55.2 -46.3 | 292 51 47.0 -18.6 18 235 10533 315 69 48.8 -48.8 | 297 46 40.6 -21.1 19 230 10668 310 72 55.2 -46.3 | 292 51 47.0 -18.6 20 200 11560 305 56 45.9 -32.1 | 277 38 37.7 -4.4 21 190 11887 305 52 42.6 -29.8 | 274 34 34.4 -2.2 22 150 13390 305 60 49.1 -34.4 | 279 42 41.0 -6.7 23 143 13716 295 62 56.2 -26.2 | 268 48 48.0 1.5 24 123 14630 300 53 45.9 -26.5 | 268 38 37.7 1.2 25 102 15850 280 50 49.2 -8.7 | 245 45 41.1 19.0 26 100 15970 290 45 42.3 -15.4 | 250 36 34.1 12.3 27 97 16154 285 45 43.5 -11.6 | 246 39 35.3 16.0 28 70 18230 295 51 46.2 -21.6 | 261 39 38.1 6.1 29 50 20380 270 51 51.0 -0.0 | 237 51 42.8 27.7 30 30 23650 285 61 58.9 -15.8 | 257 52 50.8 11.9 31 20 26210 265 75 74.7 6.5 | 243 75 66.6 34.2 32 10 30580 270 89 89.0 -0.0 | 251 85 80.8 27.7 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 313.6 at 38.5 knts Storm direction: 343.6 at 28.9 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 3.6 neg: 3.3 tot: 7.0 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 100.7 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 177.1 neg: -26.0 tot: 151.1 m^2/s^2 ave: 50.4 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.61 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 8.8 stream: 5.4 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.02 Bulk Rich Number: 0.53 Bulk Shear: 45.46 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 298 22 212 21| 0.0 17.9 17.9| 76.3 -21.2 55.2 110.4 0.56| 23.7 13.2 1000 294 24 217 23| 3.2 8.9 12.2|109.5 -22.4 87.1 87.1 0.57| 16.1 9.2 1500 300 26 225 21| 5.4 6.0 11.3|146.8 -22.4 124.3 82.9 0.62| 14.0 8.7 2000 305 28 233 19| 5.1 4.5 9.6|164.0 -22.4 141.6 70.8 0.66| 11.6 7.6 2500 309 30 240 18| 4.1 4.0 8.1|168.2 -24.0 144.2 57.7 0.63| 9.9 6.2 3000 310 32 245 18| 3.6 3.3 7.0|177.1 -26.0 151.1 50.4 0.61| 8.8 5.4 4000 314 34 257 17| 3.6 2.5 6.0|209.3 -26.0 183.4 45.8 0.65| 7.5 4.9 5000 316 36 265 17| 2.8 3.0 5.8|210.1 -72.4 137.7 27.5 0.44| 7.1 3.1 6000 314 38 267 20| 2.4 3.3 5.7|242.0 -99.5 142.6 23.8 0.38| 7.0 2.6 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//YMMQ/skewt/YMMQ.skewt.20250419.11.gif