UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025043000.upa.cvt Date: 0000Z 30 APR 25 Searching for TSDM... Searching the city database file for: TSDM ... Date:0000Z 30 APR 25 Station: TSDM WMO ident: 78486 Latitude: 18.43 Longitude: -69.88 Elevation: 14.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SFC 1011 14 28.2 22.2 70 6.0 23.9 40 3 300.4 303.5 296.6 350.0 16.90 1 1000 113 26.6 19.6 65 7.0 21.7 25 16 299.8 302.4 294.8 342.1 14.50 2 999 122 26.8 19.8 66 7.0 21.9 25 16 300.0 302.7 295.1 343.1 14.70 3 998 131 26.6 19.6 65 7.0 21.7 25 16 299.9 302.6 294.9 342.4 14.53 4 925 797 20.8 18.9 89 1.9 19.5 20 16 300.6 303.3 295.4 344.7 15.02 5 918 863 20.2 18.6 91 1.6 19.1 20 16 300.6 303.3 295.3 344.2 14.85 6 911 929 20.2 17.2 83 3.0 18.1 20 16 301.3 303.8 294.7 341.5 13.68 7 850 1524 16.6 13.8 84 2.8 14.8 35 14 303.5 305.7 293.9 338.5 11.75 8 800 2039 13.4 11.5 88 1.9 12.2 2 12 305.4 307.4 293.7 337.6 10.72 9 749 2593 11.4 6.9 74 4.5 8.7 350 13 309.1 310.6 293.0 334.6 8.36 10 700 3156 7.6 4.7 82 2.9 5.9 345 11 310.9 312.4 292.9 334.6 7.67 11 688 3298 6.2 3.9 85 2.3 4.9 334 12 310.9 312.3 292.7 333.7 7.38 12 654 3712 4.4 -0.6 70 5.0 1.8 303 14 313.4 314.5 292.0 331.0 5.61 13 645 3824 4.0 0.5 78 3.5 2.1 297 13 314.2 315.4 292.7 333.6 6.16 14 614 4223 1.6 -3.4 69 5.0 -0.9 274 16 315.9 316.8 292.1 331.4 4.85 15 609 4289 1.6 -6.4 55 8.0 -2.1 270 17 316.6 317.4 291.5 329.2 3.89 16 547 5146 -2.9 -9.9 58 7.0 -5.9 261 27 321.1 321.8 292.3 332.0 3.30 17 507 5742 -8.1 -12.3 72 4.2 -9.8 251 33 321.9 322.5 292.2 331.6 2.93 18 500 5850 -8.5 -13.5 67 5.0 -10.4 260 29 322.7 323.2 292.2 331.7 2.70 19 485 6086 -9.9 -17.9 52 8.0 -12.6 265 30 323.8 324.2 291.8 330.4 1.93 20 470 6328 -11.3 -15.0 74 3.7 -12.6 264 31 325.0 325.5 292.7 333.6 2.54 21 408 7402 -17.7 -39.7 13 22.0 -21.4 249 39 330.1 330.2 292.0 331.2 0.30 22 400 7550 -18.9 -34.9 23 16.0 -21.9 245 41 330.4 330.5 292.3 332.3 0.49 23 394 7663 -19.1 -26.1 54 7.0 -20.8 246 40 331.6 331.8 293.3 335.8 1.15 24 390 7739 -19.1 -29.1 41 10.0 -21.4 247 39 332.6 332.7 293.3 335.8 0.88 25 369 8149 -21.3 -52.3 4 31.0 -24.8 255 37 334.9 335.0 293.2 335.3 0.08 26 300 9640 -33.5 -49.5 19 16.0 -34.8 260 58 338.2 338.2 294.0 338.7 0.14 27 286 9972 -36.1 -48.1 28 12.0 -37.1 256 63 339.1 339.1 294.3 339.8 0.17 28 282 10069 -37.1 -51.1 22 14.0 -38.1 255 64 339.0 339.1 294.2 339.5 0.12 29 280 10117 -37.5 -49.5 28 12.0 -38.4 255 65 339.1 339.2 294.3 339.7 0.15 30 268 10417 -38.7 -53.7 19 15.0 -39.6 252 70 341.7 341.7 294.8 342.1 0.10 31 261 10598 -39.7 -53.7 21 14.0 -40.5 251 73 342.8 342.8 295.1 343.2 0.10 32 257 10703 -39.7 -63.7 6 24.0 -40.8 250 75 344.3 344.3 295.4 344.4 0.03 33 250 10890 -40.9 -53.9 23 13.0 -41.7 250 82 345.3 345.3 295.7 345.7 0.10 34 217 11837 -48.5 -58.5 30 10.0 -48.8 250 86 347.8 347.8 296.2 348.0 0.07 35 211 12022 -49.5 -64.5 16 15.0 -49.9 250 87 349.0 349.0 296.4 349.1 0.03 36 209 12084 -50.0 -64.0 18 13.9 -50.4 250 87 349.1 349.1 296.5 349.3 0.03 37 200 12370 -52.5 -61.5 33 9.0 -52.8 250 85 349.6 349.6 296.6 349.8 0.05 38 194 12566 -54.3 -63.3 32 9.0 -54.5 252 84 349.8 349.8 296.6 350.0 0.04 39 161 13743 -61.9 -78.9 9 17.0 -62.0 266 74 356.2 356.2 298.0 356.2 0.00 40 150 14180 -63.9 -81.9 7 18.0 -64.0 275 62 360.0 360.0 298.7 360.0 0.00 41 144 14429 -64.7 -82.7 7 18.0 -64.8 275 59 362.8 362.8 299.2 362.8 0.00 42 134 14864 -67.1 -84.1 7 17.0 -67.2 275 54 366.1 366.1 299.9 366.1 0.00 43 107 16190 -75.3 -89.3 9 14.0 -75.3 291 36 374.9 374.9 301.4 374.9 0.00 44 104 16354 -75.9 -89.9 9 14.0 -75.9 295 32 376.8 376.8 301.7 376.8 0.00 45 103 16410 -76.1 -90.1 9 14.0 -76.2 295 31 377.5 377.5 301.8 377.5 0.00 46 101 16523 -76.1 -90.1 9 14.0 -76.2 295 30 379.6 379.6 302.2 379.6 0.00 47 100 16580 -76.3 -90.3 9 14.0 -76.3 295 29 380.3 380.3 302.3 380.3 0.00 48 82 17720 -78.1 -91.1 10 13.0 -78.1 274 32 398.8 398.8 305.0 398.8 0.00 49 79 17934 -77.3 -90.3 11 13.0 -77.3 297 30 404.8 404.8 305.8 404.8 0.00 50 78 18007 -77.1 -90.1 11 13.0 -77.1 305 29 406.7 406.7 306.1 406.7 0.00 51 72 18468 -76.7 -93.7 5 17.0 -76.7 335 25 416.9 416.9 307.3 416.9 0.00 52 70 18630 -76.9 -93.9 5 17.0 -76.9 335 25 419.9 419.9 307.7 419.9 0.00 53 61 19433 -70.5 -90.5 4 20.0 -70.6 3 28 451.0 451.0 311.0 451.0 0.00 54 55 20042 -73.3 -93.3 3 20.0 -73.4 156 11 458.1 458.1 311.6 458.1 0.00 55 54 20150 -73.1 -93.1 3 20.0 -73.2 162 9 461.0 461.0 311.8 461.0 0.00 56 50 20610 -64.3 -87.3 3 23.0 -64.6 50 8 492.0 492.0 314.4 492.0 0.00 57 41 21837 -60.1 -88.1 1 28.0 -60.8 112 14 531.2 531.2 317.0 531.2 0.00 58 30 23810 -54.9 -85.9 1 31.0 -56.5 35 8 595.0 595.0 320.4 595.0 0.01 59 27 24486 -52.1 -83.1 1 31.0 -54.4 36 12 621.0 621.0 321.5 621.1 0.01 60 20 26440 -48.5 -80.5 1 32.0 -52.4 60 31 687.7 687.7 324.0 688.0 0.03 61 19 26777 -48.7 -80.7 1 32.0 -52.7 60 28 697.3 697.3 324.3 697.5 0.03 62 17 27510 -47.1 -80.1 1 33.0 -52.0 73 30 724.9 724.9 325.2 725.3 0.04 63 13 29297 -44.1 -77.1 1 33.0 -51.1 55 33 793.1 793.2 327.1 793.9 0.08 64 11 30421 -42.5 -76.5 1 34.0 -51.0 67 42 837.8 837.8 328.1 838.8 0.11 65 10 31070 -38.3 -73.3 1 35.0 -49.4 80 45 876.6 876.7 329.0 878.6 0.19 66 9.8 31209 -38.7 -73.7 1 35.0 -49.7 880.2 880.3 329.1 882.1 0.18 TRP 104 16354 -75.9 -89.9 9 14.0 -75.9 295 32 376.8 376.8 301.7 376.8 0.00 WND 209 12084 -50.0 -64.0 18 13.9 -50.4 250 87 349.1 349.1 296.5 349.3 0.03 Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5737.00 m Freezing level: 586.96 mb = 4593.61 m = 15070.70 ft Wetbulb zero: 623.34 mb = 4100.71 m = 13453.62 ft Precipitable water: 1.91 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 74.15 % Est. max temperature: 30.92 C = 87.65 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 926.91 mb = 778.89 m = 2555.37 ft T: 20.96 C 700-500 lapse rate: 5.98 C/km ThetaE index: 13.63 C Layer 918.0- 645.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 868.82 mb = 1335.90 m = 4382.84 ft Mean mixing ratio: 14.84 g/kg Conv temperature: 30.62 C = 87.12 F Cap Strength: 1.29 C Lifted Index: -3.25 C Risk: Severe thunderstorms possible Lifted Index @300 mb: -1.67 C Lifted Index @700 mb: -1.27 C Showalter Index: -1.08 C Risk: Thunderstorms probable Total Totals Index: 47.40 C Risk: Scattered moderate thunderstorms Vertical Totals Index: 25.10 C Cross Totals Index: 22.30 C K Index: 36.00 Risk: > 80 % chance of thunderstorms Sweat Index: 222.60 Risk: None Energy Index: -1.36 Risk: Scattered severe thunderstorms Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 582.38 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 34.13 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 20.95 J/kg Cap Strength: 1.29 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 901.12 mb = 1022.49 m = 3354.58 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): 826.12 mb = 1765.95 m = 5793.72 ft Equ Level (EL): 256.12 mb = 10725.92 m = 35189.61 ft B at Equ Level: 569.84 J/kg Max Parcel Lev (MPL): 156.12 mb = 13933.25 m = 45712.19 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 339 at 13 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 1011 14 40 3 -1.9 -2.3 | 146 12 -6.6 9.9 1 1000 113 25 16 -6.8 -14.5 | 79 12 -11.5 -2.3 2 978 305 25 16 -6.8 -14.5 | 79 12 -11.5 -2.3 3 945 610 20 16 -5.5 -15.0 | 74 11 -10.2 -2.8 4 925 797 20 16 -5.5 -15.0 | 74 11 -10.2 -2.8 5 912 914 20 16 -5.5 -15.0 | 74 11 -10.2 -2.8 6 881 1219 20 17 -5.8 -16.0 | 70 11 -10.5 -3.8 7 850 1524 35 14 -8.0 -11.5 | 93 13 -12.7 0.7 8 850 1524 35 13 -7.5 -10.6 | 97 12 -12.2 1.6 9 820 1829 15 12 -3.1 -11.6 | 94 8 -7.8 0.6 10 791 2134 355 12 1.0 -12.0 | 94 4 -3.7 0.2 11 762 2438 350 14 2.4 -13.8 | 55 3 -2.3 -1.6 12 735 2743 350 11 1.9 -10.8 | 116 3 -2.8 1.4 13 709 3048 340 11 3.8 -10.3 | 153 2 -0.9 1.9 14 700 3156 345 11 2.8 -10.6 | 130 2 -1.9 1.6 15 657 3658 305 15 12.3 -8.6 | 245 8 7.6 3.6 16 633 3962 290 11 10.3 -3.8 | 214 10 5.6 8.4 17 609 4267 270 17 17.0 -0.0 | 225 17 12.3 12.2 18 587 4572 285 19 18.4 -4.9 | 242 15 13.6 7.3 19 565 4877 265 25 24.9 2.2 | 235 25 20.2 14.4 20 504 5791 250 34 31.9 11.6 | 229 36 27.2 23.8 21 500 5850 260 29 28.6 5.0 | 234 29 23.9 17.2 22 484 6096 265 30 29.9 2.6 | 240 29 25.2 14.8 23 429 7010 260 33 32.5 5.7 | 237 33 27.8 17.9 24 400 7550 245 41 37.2 17.3 | 228 44 32.5 29.5 25 396 7620 245 41 37.2 17.3 | 228 44 32.5 29.5 26 380 7925 250 35 32.9 12.0 | 229 37 28.2 24.2 27 349 8534 265 42 41.8 3.7 | 247 40 37.1 15.9 28 321 9144 270 47 47.0 -0.0 | 254 44 42.3 12.2 29 300 9640 260 58 57.1 10.1 | 247 57 52.4 22.3 30 282 10058 255 64 61.8 16.6 | 243 64 57.1 28.8 31 258 10668 250 74 69.5 25.3 | 240 75 64.8 37.5 32 250 10890 250 82 77.1 28.0 | 241 83 72.3 40.2 33 209 12084 250 87 81.8 29.8 | 241 88 77.0 42.0 34 206 12192 250 87 81.8 29.8 | 241 88 77.0 42.0 35 200 12370 250 85 79.9 29.1 | 241 86 75.2 41.3 36 169 13411 260 82 80.8 14.2 | 251 81 76.0 26.4 37 150 14180 275 62 61.8 -5.4 | 263 57 57.1 6.8 38 139 14630 275 57 56.8 -5.0 | 262 53 52.1 7.2 39 125 15240 275 49 48.8 -4.3 | 260 45 44.1 7.9 40 113 15850 300 40 34.6 -20.0 | 285 31 29.9 -7.8 41 108 16154 290 37 34.8 -12.7 | 271 30 30.1 -0.5 42 104 16354 295 32 29.0 -13.5 | 273 24 24.3 -1.3 43 100 16580 295 29 26.3 -12.3 | 270 22 21.6 -0.1 44 97 16764 295 31 28.1 -13.1 | 272 23 23.4 -0.9 45 92 17069 310 32 24.5 -20.6 | 293 22 19.8 -8.4 46 83 17678 270 33 33.0 -0.0 | 247 31 28.3 12.2 47 74 18288 335 25 10.6 -22.7 | 331 12 5.9 -10.5 48 70 18630 335 25 10.6 -22.7 | 331 12 5.9 -10.5 49 64 19202 355 33 2.9 -32.9 | 5 21 -1.8 -20.7 50 60 19507 5 27 -2.4 -26.9 | 26 16 -7.1 -14.7 51 54 20117 175 9 -0.8 9.0 | 165 22 -5.5 21.2 52 52 20422 80 9 -8.9 -1.6 | 128 17 -13.6 10.6 53 50 20610 50 8 -6.1 -5.1 | 123 13 -10.8 7.1 54 49 20726 345 7 1.8 -6.8 | 152 6 -2.9 5.4 55 47 21031 80 10 -9.8 -1.7 | 126 18 -14.6 10.5 56 45 21336 65 9 -8.2 -3.8 | 123 15 -12.9 8.4 57 37 22555 175 21 -1.8 20.9 | 169 34 -6.5 33.1 58 35 22860 185 3 0.3 3.0 | 164 16 -4.4 15.2 59 33 23165 85 8 -8.0 -0.7 | 132 17 -12.7 11.5 60 30 23810 35 8 -4.6 -6.6 | 121 11 -9.3 5.6 61 27 24384 35 12 -6.9 -9.8 | 102 12 -11.6 2.4 62 25 24994 40 10 -6.4 -7.7 | 112 12 -11.1 4.5 63 24 25298 100 16 -15.8 2.8 | 126 25 -20.5 15.0 64 22 25908 60 18 -15.6 -9.0 | 99 21 -20.3 3.2 65 20 26440 60 31 -26.8 -15.5 | 84 32 -31.6 -3.3 66 19 26822 60 28 -24.2 -14.0 | 86 29 -29.0 -1.8 67 17 27432 70 29 -27.3 -9.9 | 94 32 -32.0 2.3 68 15 28346 100 34 -33.5 5.9 | 115 42 -38.2 18.1 69 14 28651 70 22 -20.7 -7.5 | 100 26 -25.4 4.7 70 13 29566 50 37 -28.3 -23.8 | 71 35 -33.1 -11.6 71 10 31070 80 45 -44.3 -7.8 | 95 49 -49.0 4.4 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 308.9 at 17.4 knts Storm direction: 338.9 at 13.1 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 0.8 neg: 2.4 tot: 3.2 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 1.2 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 19.4 neg: -41.4 tot: -22.0 m^2/s^2 ave: -7.3 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: -0.23 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 6.3 stream: -1.5 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.06 Bulk Rich Number: 11.18 Bulk Shear: 52.08 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 25 15 84 11| 0.0 13.6 13.6| 0.0 -35.8 -35.8 -71.6 -0.97| 15.3-14.9 1000 22 15 79 11| 0.0 7.0 7.0| 0.0 -37.3 -37.3 -37.3 -0.96| 8.0 -7.7 1500 23 16 78 11| 1.5 4.6 6.2| 14.6 -38.7 -24.2 -16.1 -0.51| 7.3 -3.7 2000 22 15 82 10| 1.1 3.6 4.7| 16.6 -39.8 -23.2 -11.6 -0.37| 7.4 -2.8 2500 17 14 80 9| 0.9 3.3 4.2| 17.1 -41.4 -24.3 -9.7 -0.36| 6.8 -2.5 3000 13 14 80 8| 0.8 2.4 3.2| 19.4 -41.4 -22.0 -7.3 -0.23| 6.3 -1.5 4000 0 14 74 5| 0.6 2.1 2.7| 21.3 -51.8 -30.6 -7.6 -0.18| 6.7 -1.2 5000 338 15 329 2| 0.5 3.1 3.6| 47.2 -67.5 -20.4 -4.1 -0.08| 7.6 -0.6 6000 309 17 262 9| 0.3 3.0 3.3| 84.7 -88.4 -3.7 -0.6 -0.04| 7.8 -0.3 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//TSDM/skewt/TSDM.skewt.20250430.00.gif