UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025041612.upa.cvt Date: 1200Z 16 APR 25 Searching for TSDM... Searching the city database file for: TSDM ... Date:1200Z 16 APR 25 Station: TSDM WMO ident: 78486 Latitude: 18.43 Longitude: -69.88 Elevation: 14.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SFC 1013 14 23.8 22.6 93 1.2 22.9 10 2 295.9 299.0 295.7 345.6 17.29 1 1006 76 23.6 21.0 85 2.6 21.8 13 5 296.2 299.1 294.7 341.6 15.75 2 1000 130 23.4 20.9 86 2.5 21.6 15 7 296.5 299.4 294.8 342.0 15.75 3 999 139 23.4 20.9 86 2.5 21.6 17 7 296.6 299.5 294.8 342.1 15.76 4 989 227 23.0 20.3 85 2.7 21.1 37 8 297.1 299.9 294.7 341.4 15.33 5 925 809 19.4 18.8 96 0.6 19.0 110 12 299.1 301.9 295.0 342.7 14.93 6 850 1534 15.8 15.8 100 0.0 15.8 110 13 302.7 305.2 294.9 342.4 13.40 7 711 3035 7.0 7.0 100 0.0 7.0 163 4 308.9 310.5 293.3 335.9 8.88 8 702 3141 5.8 5.6 99 0.2 5.7 129 2 308.7 310.2 292.7 333.6 8.15 9 700 3164 5.2 5.2 100 0.0 5.2 120 1 308.2 309.7 292.4 332.5 7.95 10 687 3318 6.2 6.2 100 0.0 6.2 108 2 311.0 312.7 293.7 337.8 8.69 11 551 5097 -4.3 -4.3 100 0.0 -4.3 204 16 318.8 319.8 293.1 335.1 5.05 12 547 5154 -4.1 -4.1 100 0.0 -4.1 206 17 319.7 320.7 293.4 336.4 5.17 13 502 5829 -7.9 -18.9 41 11.0 -11.6 223 25 323.0 323.4 291.4 328.9 1.71 14 500 5860 -8.1 -19.1 41 11.0 -11.8 225 24 323.2 323.5 291.4 329.0 1.69 15 495 5938 -8.5 -17.5 48 9.0 -11.6 227 25 323.6 324.0 291.8 330.3 1.95 16 464 6438 -11.7 -31.7 17 20.0 -16.2 227 33 325.7 325.8 291.1 327.8 0.58 17 427 7070 -16.1 -20.8 67 4.7 -17.5 235 41 327.9 328.2 292.7 333.8 1.71 18 410 7375 -17.9 -26.9 45 9.0 -20.1 244 43 329.4 329.6 292.6 333.1 1.03 19 400 7560 -19.1 -22.4 75 3.3 -20.0 250 45 330.2 330.5 293.3 335.8 1.58 20 378 7978 -22.1 -23.5 88 1.4 -22.5 250 47 331.6 331.9 293.6 337.0 1.52 21 376 8017 -22.1 -25.0 77 2.9 -22.8 250 47 332.1 332.4 293.6 336.9 1.34 22 359 8355 -23.5 -30.5 53 7.0 -24.9 252 48 334.6 334.8 293.7 337.7 0.84 23 343 8686 -26.5 -30.4 70 3.9 -27.3 257 47 335.0 335.1 293.9 338.2 0.89 24 302 9593 -32.7 -36.0 72 3.3 -33.2 255 49 338.6 338.8 294.6 340.9 0.59 25 300 9640 -32.9 -36.2 72 3.3 -33.4 255 49 339.0 339.1 294.6 341.2 0.58 26 296 9735 -33.7 -39.7 55 6.0 -34.4 255 49 339.2 339.3 294.5 340.8 0.41 27 280 10124 -37.1 -38.7 85 1.6 -37.3 253 47 339.7 339.8 294.7 341.6 0.48 28 260 10634 -41.3 -47.3 52 6.0 -41.8 250 45 340.8 340.9 294.7 341.6 0.21 29 250 10900 -43.7 -48.4 60 4.7 -44.0 250 43 341.1 341.1 294.8 341.9 0.19 30 240 11171 -45.7 -55.7 31 10.0 -46.2 254 43 342.1 342.1 294.9 342.4 0.08 31 223 11654 -49.1 -56.1 44 7.0 -49.4 260 44 344.1 344.2 295.4 344.5 0.09 32 219 11771 -49.5 -59.5 30 10.0 -49.8 260 44 345.3 345.3 295.6 345.5 0.06 33 215 11891 -49.3 -64.3 16 15.0 -49.7 260 44 347.4 347.4 296.1 347.6 0.03 34 200 12360 -51.7 -67.7 13 16.0 -52.1 250 52 350.9 350.9 296.8 351.0 0.02 35 199 12393 -51.9 -67.9 13 16.0 -52.2 250 53 351.1 351.1 296.9 351.2 0.02 36 189 12725 -54.5 -68.5 16 14.0 -54.8 254 60 352.1 352.1 297.1 352.2 0.02 37 181 13001 -56.9 -69.9 18 13.0 -57.1 257 66 352.6 352.6 297.2 352.7 0.02 38 172 13323 -58.9 -74.3 12 15.4 -59.0 260 73 354.5 354.5 297.6 354.6 0.01 39 170 13397 -59.3 -75.3 11 16.0 -59.5 260 73 355.0 355.0 297.7 355.0 0.01 40 166 13546 -58.7 -77.7 7 19.0 -58.9 262 68 358.4 358.4 298.4 358.4 0.01 41 152 14098 -60.7 -82.7 4 22.0 -60.9 269 47 364.1 364.1 299.5 364.1 0.00 42 150 14180 -61.3 -82.3 5 21.0 -61.4 270 44 364.5 364.5 299.5 364.5 0.00 43 111 15981 -76.5 -87.5 16 11.0 -76.5 255 23 368.7 368.7 300.4 368.8 0.00 44 109 16086 -76.7 -87.7 16 11.0 -76.7 252 22 370.3 370.3 300.6 370.3 0.00 45 100 16580 -78.1 -88.1 18 10.0 -78.1 200 13 376.8 376.8 301.7 376.8 0.00 46 95 16872 -79.5 -88.5 21 9.0 -79.5 200 18 379.7 379.7 302.2 379.7 0.00 47 94 16932 -79.5 -88.5 21 9.0 -79.5 200 18 380.8 380.8 302.4 380.8 0.00 48 82 17704 -80.9 -88.9 25 8.0 -80.9 231 24 393.1 393.1 304.2 393.1 0.00 49 79 17915 -80.5 -88.5 25 8.0 -80.5 238 15 398.2 398.2 304.9 398.2 0.00 50 73 18362 -79.5 -88.5 21 9.0 -79.5 286 14 409.4 409.4 306.5 409.4 0.00 51 70 18600 -78.9 -93.9 7 15.0 -78.9 105 6 415.6 415.6 307.2 415.6 0.00 52 55 20004 -70.9 -92.9 2 22.0 -71.0 111 9 463.6 463.6 312.1 463.6 0.00 53 52 20337 -71.1 -94.1 2 23.0 -71.2 22 2 470.6 470.6 312.7 470.6 0.00 54 50 20570 -69.9 -93.9 2 24.0 -70.1 280 5 478.8 478.8 313.4 478.8 0.00 55 39 22066 -65.1 -92.1 1 27.0 -65.5 70 16 526.2 526.2 316.7 526.2 0.00 56 30 23690 -58.3 -88.3 1 30.0 -59.4 80 12 585.7 585.7 319.9 585.7 0.01 57 28 24126 -55.9 -85.9 1 30.0 -57.4 92 14 604.0 604.1 320.8 604.1 0.01 58 27 24357 -54.9 -85.9 1 31.0 -56.6 99 12 613.2 613.2 321.2 613.2 0.01 59 26 24598 -54.3 -85.3 1 31.0 -56.2 63 7 621.5 621.5 321.6 621.6 0.01 60 25 24849 -54.3 -84.3 1 30.0 -56.3 19 3 628.5 628.5 321.9 628.6 0.01 61 25 24849 -54.1 -85.1 1 31.0 -56.1 19 3 629.1 629.1 321.9 629.2 0.01 62 23 25386 -51.7 -82.7 1 31.0 -54.4 118 6 651.4 651.4 322.7 651.5 0.02 63 23 25386 -51.5 -82.5 1 31.0 -54.2 118 6 651.9 652.0 322.7 652.1 0.02 64 22 25674 -51.1 -82.1 1 31.0 -54.1 206 5 661.5 661.5 323.1 661.6 0.02 65 22 25674 -51.1 -82.1 1 31.0 -54.1 206 5 661.5 661.5 323.1 661.6 0.02 66 20 26290 -53.5 -84.5 1 31.0 -56.1 350 12 672.4 672.4 323.5 672.5 0.02 67 19 26620 -53.5 -83.5 1 30.0 -56.1 357 12 682.4 682.4 323.9 682.5 0.02 68 19 26620 -52.9 -82.9 1 30.0 -55.7 357 12 684.2 684.2 323.9 684.4 0.02 69 18 26970 -51.7 -82.7 1 31.0 -54.9 4 11 698.7 698.7 324.4 698.9 0.02 70 17 27341 -50.9 -81.9 1 31.0 -54.5 15 9 712.7 712.8 324.8 713.0 0.03 71 16 27737 -50.1 -82.1 1 32.0 -54.1 36 2 727.8 727.8 325.3 728.1 0.03 72 15 28159 -49.1 -80.1 1 31.0 -53.6 24 4 744.7 744.7 325.8 745.1 0.04 73 14 28613 -48.5 -80.5 1 32.0 -53.5 38 6 761.6 761.6 326.3 762.0 0.04 74 14 28613 -47.9 -78.9 2 31.0 -53.1 38 6 763.6 763.6 326.3 764.1 0.06 75 13 29102 -47.5 -78.5 2 31.0 -53.1 77 7 781.4 781.4 326.8 782.0 0.07 76 13 29102 -47.9 -71.9 5 24.0 -53.1 77 7 780.0 780.1 326.8 781.7 0.18 TRP 95 16872 -79.5 -88.5 21 9.0 -79.5 200 18 379.7 379.7 302.2 379.7 0.00 WND 172 13323 -58.9 -74.3 12 15.4 -59.0 260 73 354.5 354.5 297.6 354.6 0.01 Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5730.00 m Freezing level: 606.70 mb = 4368.33 m = 14331.60 ft Wetbulb zero: 606.81 mb = 4318.79 m = 14169.09 ft Precipitable water: 2.18 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 94.48 % Est. max temperature: 30.03 C = 86.05 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 995.82 mb = 166.72 m = 546.97 ft T: 23.27 C 700-500 lapse rate: 4.93 C/km ThetaE index: 10.17 C Layer 850.0- 687.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 917.09 mb = 882.64 m = 2895.75 ft Mean mixing ratio: 15.26 g/kg Conv temperature: 27.46 C = 81.44 F Cap Strength: 0.77 C Lifted Index: -2.20 C Risk: Severe thunderstorms possible Lifted Index @300 mb: -0.17 C Lifted Index @700 mb: -3.14 C Showalter Index: -2.26 C Risk: Severe thunderstorms possible Total Totals Index: 47.80 C Risk: Scattered moderate thunderstorms Vertical Totals Index: 23.90 C Cross Totals Index: 23.90 C K Index: 39.70 Risk: > 80 % chance of thunderstorms Sweat Index: 239.60 Risk: None Energy Index: -2.67 Risk: Severe Thunderstorms probable Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 561.39 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 33.51 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 9.15 J/kg Cap Strength: 0.77 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 938.94 mb = 678.86 m = 2227.22 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): 843.94 mb = 1594.17 m = 5230.14 ft Equ Level (EL): 263.94 mb = 10530.33 m = 34547.89 ft B at Equ Level: 561.38 J/kg Max Parcel Lev (MPL): 163.94 mb = 13624.26 m = 44698.48 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 188 at 8 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 1013 14 10 2 -0.3 -2.0 | 9 10 -1.5 -9.8 1 1000 130 15 7 -1.8 -6.8 | 12 15 -3.0 -14.5 2 980 305 55 8 -6.6 -4.6 | 32 15 -7.7 -12.4 3 946 610 110 11 -10.3 3.8 | 71 12 -11.5 -4.0 4 925 809 110 12 -11.3 4.1 | 74 13 -12.4 -3.7 5 914 914 115 14 -12.7 5.9 | 82 14 -13.8 -1.9 6 882 1219 115 14 -12.7 5.9 | 82 14 -13.8 -1.9 7 850 1534 110 13 -12.2 4.4 | 76 14 -13.4 -3.3 8 821 1829 110 14 -13.2 4.8 | 78 15 -14.3 -3.0 9 791 2134 115 9 -8.2 3.8 | 67 10 -9.3 -4.0 10 763 2438 115 9 -8.2 3.8 | 67 10 -9.3 -4.0 11 736 2743 125 6 -4.9 3.4 | 54 7 -6.1 -4.3 12 710 3048 165 4 -1.0 3.9 | 29 4 -2.2 -3.9 13 700 3164 120 1 -0.9 0.5 | 15 8 -2.0 -7.3 14 684 3353 105 2 -1.9 0.5 | 23 8 -3.1 -7.3 15 658 3658 270 1 1.0 -0.0 | 1 8 -0.1 -7.8 16 634 3962 145 5 -2.9 4.1 | 47 5 -4.0 -3.7 17 610 4267 170 4 -0.7 3.9 | 26 4 -1.8 -3.8 18 587 4572 150 8 -4.0 6.9 | 81 5 -5.1 -0.9 19 565 4877 200 13 4.4 12.2 | 217 6 3.3 4.4 20 504 5791 220 26 16.7 19.9 | 232 20 15.6 12.1 21 500 5860 225 24 17.0 17.0 | 240 18 15.8 9.2 22 485 6096 230 28 21.4 18.0 | 243 23 20.3 10.2 23 447 6706 225 38 26.9 26.9 | 233 32 25.7 19.1 24 400 7560 250 45 42.3 15.4 | 260 42 41.1 7.6 25 397 7620 250 45 42.3 15.4 | 260 42 41.1 7.6 26 365 8230 250 48 45.1 16.4 | 259 45 44.0 8.6 27 335 8839 260 47 46.3 8.2 | 270 45 45.1 0.4 28 321 9144 255 44 42.5 11.4 | 265 42 41.4 3.6 29 300 9640 255 49 47.3 12.7 | 264 46 46.2 4.9 30 259 10668 250 45 42.3 15.4 | 260 42 41.1 7.6 31 250 10900 250 43 40.4 14.7 | 260 40 39.3 6.9 32 225 11582 260 44 43.3 7.6 | 270 42 42.2 -0.1 33 205 12192 260 43 42.3 7.5 | 270 41 41.2 -0.3 34 200 12360 250 52 48.9 17.8 | 258 49 47.7 10.0 35 172 13323 260 73 71.9 12.7 | 266 71 70.7 4.9 36 170 13411 260 73 71.9 12.7 | 266 71 70.7 4.9 37 150 14180 270 44 44.0 -0.0 | 280 44 42.9 -7.8 38 125 15240 275 32 31.9 -2.8 | 289 32 30.7 -10.6 39 107 16154 250 21 19.7 7.2 | 272 19 18.6 -0.6 40 100 16580 200 13 4.4 12.2 | 217 6 3.3 4.4 41 97 16764 200 13 4.4 12.2 | 217 6 3.3 4.4 42 95 16872 200 18 6.2 16.9 | 209 10 5.0 9.1 43 92 17069 200 18 6.2 16.9 | 209 10 5.0 9.1 44 82 17678 230 25 19.2 16.1 | 245 20 18.0 8.3 45 78 17983 240 12 10.4 6.0 | 281 9 9.2 -1.8 46 74 18288 255 17 16.4 4.4 | 282 16 15.3 -3.4 47 70 18593 20 4 -1.4 -3.8 | 12 12 -2.5 -11.5 48 70 18600 105 6 -5.8 1.6 | 48 9 -6.9 -6.2 49 67 18898 60 4 -3.5 -2.0 | 25 11 -4.6 -9.8 50 63 19202 90 1 -1.0 0.0 | 15 8 -2.1 -7.8 51 60 19507 290 5 4.7 -1.7 | 339 10 3.5 -9.5 52 57 19812 165 13 -3.4 12.6 | 137 7 -4.5 4.8 53 51 20422 0 0 -0.0 -0.0 | 8 8 -1.1 -7.8 54 50 20570 280 5 4.9 -0.9 | 336 9 3.8 -8.7 55 49 20726 245 1 0.9 0.4 | 2 7 -0.2 -7.4 56 44 21336 350 8 1.4 -7.9 | 359 16 0.2 -15.7 57 42 21641 25 14 -5.9 -12.7 | 19 22 -7.1 -20.5 58 40 21946 65 12 -10.9 -5.1 | 43 18 -12.0 -12.9 59 38 22250 75 21 -20.3 -5.4 | 58 25 -21.4 -13.2 60 36 22555 110 16 -15.0 5.5 | 82 16 -16.2 -2.3 61 34 22860 125 19 -15.6 10.9 | 101 17 -16.7 3.1 62 33 23165 125 10 -8.2 5.7 | 78 10 -9.3 -2.0 63 31 23470 110 9 -8.5 3.1 | 64 11 -9.6 -4.7 64 30 23690 80 12 -11.8 -2.1 | 53 16 -13.0 -9.9 65 30 23774 105 7 -6.8 1.8 | 53 10 -7.9 -6.0 66 28 24079 90 15 -15.0 0.0 | 64 18 -16.1 -7.8 67 27 24384 100 12 -11.8 2.1 | 66 14 -13.0 -5.7 68 26 24689 50 5 -3.8 -3.2 | 24 12 -5.0 -11.0 69 24 24994 355 2 0.2 -2.0 | 6 10 -1.0 -9.8 70 23 25298 95 7 -7.0 0.6 | 49 11 -8.1 -7.2 71 22 25603 170 5 -0.9 4.9 | 35 3 -2.0 -2.9 72 21 25908 315 3 2.1 -2.1 | 354 10 1.0 -9.9 73 20 26213 305 4 3.3 -2.3 | 348 10 2.1 -10.1 74 20 26290 350 12 2.1 -11.8 | 357 20 0.9 -19.6 75 17 26822 10 11 -1.9 -10.8 | 9 19 -3.1 -18.6 76 16 27127 40 1 -0.6 -0.8 | 12 9 -1.8 -8.6 77 15 27432 15 6 -1.6 -5.8 | 11 14 -2.7 -13.6 78 13 27737 65 5 -4.5 -2.1 | 30 11 -5.7 -9.9 79 11 28346 135 18 -12.7 12.7 | 110 15 -13.9 4.9 80 10 28651 100 19 -18.7 3.3 | 77 20 -19.9 -4.5 81 10 28956 65 17 -15.4 -7.2 | 48 22 -16.6 -15.0 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 158.4 at 10.5 knts Storm direction: 188.4 at 7.9 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 1.3 neg: 0.2 tot: 1.5 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 25.2 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 66.1 neg: -19.6 tot: 46.5 m^2/s^2 ave: 15.5 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.29 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 6.3 stream: 1.8 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.23 Bulk Rich Number: 20.60 Bulk Shear: 27.26 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 53 7 30 14| 10.3 0.0 10.3| 44.8 0.0 44.8 89.7 0.74| 16.6 12.3 1000 92 10 56 13| 7.5 0.0 7.5| 64.5 0.0 64.5 64.5 0.78| 11.7 9.1 1500 102 11 66 13| 5.0 0.5 5.5| 64.5 -5.3 59.2 39.5 0.68| 8.3 5.6 2000 105 12 69 13| 3.3 0.4 3.6| 66.1 -9.5 56.6 28.3 0.55| 7.2 4.0 2500 107 11 69 13| 2.1 0.3 2.4| 66.1 -13.6 52.5 21.0 0.45| 6.4 2.9 3000 109 10 68 12| 1.3 0.2 1.5| 66.1 -19.6 46.5 15.5 0.29| 6.3 1.8 4000 111 8 61 10| 0.6 0.3 1.0| 71.9 -27.8 44.1 11.0 0.20| 6.6 1.3 5000 123 8 67 9| 1.7 0.3 2.0| 85.8 -29.3 56.5 11.3 0.33| 7.1 2.3 6000 158 10 111 5| 2.5 0.2 2.7|116.0 -29.3 86.8 14.5 0.34| 7.4 2.5 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//TSDM/skewt/TSDM.skewt.20250416.12.gif