UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025122812.upa.cvt Date: 1200Z 28 DEC 25 Searching for SBUL... Searching the city database file for: SBUL ... Date:1200Z 28 DEC 25 Station: SBUL WMO ident: 83525 Latitude: -18.89 Longitude: -48.23 Elevation: 943.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 1000 92 1 925 791 SFC 909 943 27.6 18.6 58 9.0 21.2 140 6 309.1 311.9 297.6 354.6 15.00 3 867 1360 22.8 17.8 73 5.0 19.2 133 10 308.3 311.1 297.4 353.5 14.96 4 850 1533 21.8 16.8 73 5.0 18.3 125 10 309.0 311.7 297.1 352.4 14.31 5 700 3187 9.4 7.5 88 1.9 8.2 40 9 312.9 314.7 294.7 341.8 9.34 6 682 3402 7.6 6.7 94 0.9 7.1 46 11 313.2 315.0 294.7 341.4 9.07 7 650 3797 5.8 2.1 77 3.7 3.7 61 9 315.5 316.8 293.6 337.2 6.87 8 583 4677 -0.5 -1.8 91 1.3 -1.2 117 11 318.1 319.3 293.4 336.6 5.76 9 544 5227 -4.1 -5.9 87 1.8 -5.0 99 18 320.2 321.1 293.0 334.9 4.53 10 500 5890 -6.5 -25.5 21 19.0 -11.9 85 24 325.1 325.3 291.3 328.5 0.96 11 492 6016 -7.3 -29.3 15 22.0 -13.0 82 25 325.6 325.8 291.2 328.1 0.69 12 470 6372 -9.7 -29.7 18 20.0 -14.7 76 26 326.9 327.1 291.6 329.5 0.69 13 465 6454 -10.3 -15.3 67 5.0 -12.2 74 26 327.2 327.7 293.3 335.8 2.50 14 459 6554 -10.7 -17.7 56 7.0 -13.1 73 27 327.9 328.3 293.1 335.1 2.07 15 455 6622 -10.5 -25.5 28 15.0 -14.7 71 27 329.0 329.2 292.4 332.8 1.06 16 440 6879 -12.5 -32.5 17 20.0 -17.0 67 27 329.6 329.7 292.2 331.7 0.57 17 429 7072 -14.5 -20.5 60 6.0 -16.4 64 27 329.5 329.8 293.2 335.6 1.74 18 421 7215 -15.3 -41.3 9 26.0 -19.7 62 27 330.2 330.3 292.0 331.2 0.24 19 403 7544 -17.9 -40.9 11 23.0 -21.6 56 28 331.0 331.1 292.3 332.0 0.27 20 400 7600 -18.1 -46.1 7 28.0 -22.0 55 28 331.5 331.5 292.3 332.1 0.15 21 392 7751 -18.5 -49.5 5 31.0 -22.5 55 30 332.9 332.9 292.6 333.3 0.11 22 377 8041 -19.9 -31.9 34 12.0 -22.4 55 40 334.7 334.9 293.7 337.4 0.70 23 373 8120 -19.9 -44.9 9 25.0 -23.5 55 42 335.8 335.8 293.4 336.5 0.19 24 367 8240 -20.9 -36.9 22 16.0 -23.7 55 46 336.0 336.1 293.7 337.7 0.44 25 346 8673 -23.1 -52.1 5 29.0 -26.3 56 49 338.7 338.7 294.1 339.1 0.09 26 300 9700 -31.1 -54.1 9 23.0 -33.0 60 50 341.5 341.6 294.8 341.9 0.08 27 250 10970 -40.5 -63.5 7 23.0 -41.5 65 56 345.9 345.9 295.7 346.0 0.03 28 246 11079 -41.7 -64.7 6 23.0 -42.6 65 56 345.7 345.7 295.7 345.8 0.03 29 224 11707 -45.1 -70.1 4 25.0 -45.8 65 58 349.8 349.8 296.6 349.9 0.01 30 209 12164 -48.9 -69.0 8 20.1 -49.4 65 60 350.9 350.9 296.8 351.0 0.02 31 200 12450 -51.3 -68.3 11 17.0 -51.7 65 55 351.5 351.5 297.0 351.6 0.02 32 162 13795 -61.1 -76.1 12 15.0 -61.3 75 39 356.9 356.9 298.1 356.9 0.01 33 153 14149 -64.3 -72.3 33 8.0 -64.4 75 39 357.3 357.3 298.2 357.3 0.01 34 152 14189 -64.7 -72.7 32 8.0 -64.8 75 39 357.3 357.3 298.2 357.3 0.01 35 150 14270 -65.1 -75.1 24 10.0 -65.2 75 39 357.9 357.9 298.3 358.0 0.01 36 135 14903 -69.3 -80.3 19 11.0 -69.4 68 36 361.4 361.4 299.0 361.5 0.00 37 109 16149 -77.7 -83.7 37 6.0 -77.7 75 28 368.4 368.4 300.3 368.4 0.00 38 108 16201 -77.7 -83.7 37 6.0 -77.7 79 28 369.4 369.4 300.5 369.4 0.00 39 100 16640 -77.9 -86.9 22 9.0 -77.9 110 35 377.2 377.2 301.8 377.2 0.00 40 88 17371 -78.9 -90.9 12 12.0 -78.9 90 28 389.3 389.3 303.7 389.3 0.00 41 76 18194 -85.3 -92.3 27 7.0 -85.3 105 30 392.6 392.6 304.2 392.6 0.00 42 70 18650 -82.9 -90.9 24 8.0 -82.9 70 29 407.0 407.0 306.1 407.0 0.00 43 59 19621 -75.3 -89.3 9 14.0 -75.3 112 28 444.5 444.5 310.3 444.5 0.00 44 58 19720 -76.1 -90.1 9 14.0 -76.2 122 34 444.9 444.9 310.4 444.9 0.00 45 51 20464 -74.5 -90.5 7 16.0 -74.6 80 28 465.3 465.3 312.3 465.3 0.00 46 50 20580 -72.7 -90.7 5 18.0 -72.8 80 33 472.2 472.2 312.8 472.2 0.00 47 45 21211 -64.7 -90.7 2 26.0 -65.1 93 33 506.0 506.0 315.4 506.0 0.00 48 33 23132 -58.9 -87.9 1 29.0 -59.9 76 28 568.4 568.4 319.1 568.4 0.01 49 30 23730 -58.9 -87.9 1 29.0 -59.9 60 26 584.1 584.1 319.9 584.1 0.01 50 27 24396 -56.1 -87.1 1 31.0 -57.6 81 20 609.8 609.8 321.0 609.9 0.01 51 22 25695 -57.7 -86.7 1 29.0 -59.2 101 22 641.8 641.8 322.4 641.9 0.01 52 20 26300 -55.7 -86.7 1 31.0 -57.8 105 40 665.7 665.7 323.3 665.8 0.01 53 14 28599 -50.5 -84.5 1 34.0 -54.8 109 46 754.8 754.8 326.1 755.0 0.02 TRP 76 18194 -85.3 -92.3 27 7.0 -85.3 105 30 392.6 392.6 304.2 392.6 0.00 WND 209 12164 -48.9 -69.0 8 20.1 -49.4 65 60 350.9 350.9 296.8 351.0 0.02 Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5798.00 m Freezing level: 588.32 mb = 4607.33 m = 15115.74 ft Wetbulb zero: 599.18 mb = 4455.71 m = 14618.28 ft Precipitable water: 1.55 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 77.85 % Est. max temperature: 29.80 C = 85.64 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 797.41 mb = 2077.05 m = 6814.38 ft T: 17.72 C 700-500 lapse rate: 5.88 C/km ThetaE index: 26.50 C Layer 867.0- 470.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 766.94 mb = 2408.94 m = 7903.26 ft Mean mixing ratio: 14.33 g/kg Conv temperature: 29.59 C = 85.27 F Cap Strength: 1.40 C Lifted Index: -4.47 C Risk: Severe thunderstorms probable Lifted Index @300 mb: -4.11 C Lifted Index @700 mb: -1.87 C Showalter Index: -4.41 C Risk: Severe thunderstorms possible Total Totals Index: 51.60 C Risk: Scattered heavy thunderstorms Vertical Totals Index: 28.30 C Cross Totals Index: 23.30 C K Index: 43.20 Risk: > 80 % chance of thunderstorms Sweat Index: 297.60 Risk: None Energy Index: -4.63 Risk: Severe Thunderstorms probable Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 1384.59 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 52.62 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 24.54 J/kg Cap Strength: 1.40 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 789.91 mb = 2157.59 m = 7078.62 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): 744.91 mb = 2657.27 m = 8717.98 ft Equ Level (EL): 194.91 mb = 12614.55 m = 41385.82 ft B at Equ Level: 1382.10 J/kg Max Parcel Lev (MPL): 94.91 mb = 16938.84 m = 55572.96 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 113 at 10 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 909 943 140 6 -3.9 4.6 | 262 5 5.3 0.8 1 851 1524 130 11 -8.4 7.1 | 193 3 0.7 3.2 2 850 1533 125 10 -8.2 5.7 | 207 2 1.0 1.9 3 792 2134 90 3 -3.0 0.0 | 302 7 6.2 -3.8 4 764 2438 80 3 -3.0 -0.5 | 305 8 6.2 -4.4 5 700 3187 40 9 -5.8 -6.9 | 343 11 3.4 -10.7 6 686 3353 45 11 -7.8 -7.8 | 353 12 1.4 -11.6 7 660 3658 50 10 -7.7 -6.4 | 352 10 1.5 -10.3 8 612 4267 105 7 -6.8 1.8 | 310 3 2.4 -2.0 9 589 4572 120 10 -8.7 5.0 | 203 1 0.5 1.2 10 506 5791 80 25 -24.6 -4.3 | 62 17 -15.5 -8.2 11 500 5890 85 24 -23.9 -2.1 | 68 16 -14.7 -5.9 12 487 6096 80 26 -25.6 -4.5 | 63 18 -16.4 -8.4 13 400 7600 55 28 -22.9 -16.1 | 35 24 -13.8 -19.9 14 399 7620 55 26 -21.3 -14.9 | 33 22 -12.1 -18.8 15 367 8230 55 46 -37.7 -26.4 | 43 42 -28.5 -30.2 16 352 8534 55 49 -40.1 -28.1 | 44 44 -31.0 -31.9 17 300 9700 60 50 -43.3 -25.0 | 50 45 -34.1 -28.8 18 250 10970 65 56 -50.8 -23.7 | 57 50 -41.6 -27.5 19 209 12164 65 60 -54.4 -25.4 | 57 54 -45.2 -29.2 20 200 12450 65 55 -49.8 -23.2 | 56 49 -40.7 -27.1 21 199 12497 65 60 -54.4 -25.4 | 57 54 -45.2 -29.2 22 180 13106 75 40 -38.6 -10.4 | 64 33 -29.5 -14.2 23 150 14270 75 39 -37.7 -10.1 | 64 32 -28.5 -13.9 24 121 15545 60 33 -28.6 -16.5 | 44 28 -19.4 -20.3 25 109 16154 75 28 -27.0 -7.2 | 58 21 -17.9 -11.1 26 103 16459 105 29 -28.0 7.5 | 101 19 -18.8 3.7 27 100 16640 110 35 -32.9 12.0 | 109 25 -23.7 8.1 28 98 16764 110 35 -32.9 12.0 | 109 25 -23.7 8.1 29 83 17678 80 24 -23.6 -4.2 | 61 17 -14.5 -8.0 30 79 17983 110 26 -24.4 8.9 | 108 16 -15.3 5.1 31 76 18194 105 30 -29.0 7.8 | 101 20 -19.8 3.9 32 71 18593 85 37 -36.9 -3.2 | 76 29 -27.7 -7.1 33 70 18650 70 29 -27.3 -9.9 | 53 23 -18.1 -13.8 34 67 18898 75 31 -29.9 -8.0 | 60 24 -20.8 -11.9 35 64 19202 70 36 -33.8 -12.3 | 57 29 -24.7 -16.2 36 60 19507 100 20 -19.7 3.5 | 88 11 -10.5 -0.4 37 57 19812 130 39 -29.9 25.1 | 136 30 -20.7 21.2 38 54 20117 120 42 -36.4 21.0 | 122 32 -27.2 17.2 39 51 20422 80 26 -25.6 -4.5 | 63 18 -16.4 -8.4 40 50 20580 80 33 -32.5 -5.7 | 68 25 -23.3 -9.6 41 49 20726 90 35 -35.0 0.0 | 82 26 -25.8 -3.8 42 46 21031 80 34 -33.5 -5.9 | 68 26 -24.3 -9.7 43 44 21336 100 33 -32.5 5.7 | 95 23 -23.3 1.9 44 42 21641 90 31 -31.0 0.0 | 80 22 -21.8 -3.8 45 40 21946 110 32 -30.1 10.9 | 109 22 -20.9 7.1 46 30 23730 60 26 -22.5 -13.0 | 38 21 -13.4 -16.8 47 30 23774 80 23 -22.7 -4.0 | 60 16 -13.5 -7.8 48 28 24079 60 27 -23.4 -13.5 | 39 22 -14.2 -17.3 49 27 24384 80 20 -19.7 -3.5 | 55 13 -10.5 -7.3 50 26 24689 105 19 -18.4 4.9 | 97 9 -9.2 1.1 51 25 24994 100 18 -17.7 3.1 | 85 9 -8.6 -0.7 52 23 25298 80 20 -19.7 -3.5 | 55 13 -10.5 -7.3 53 22 25603 100 19 -18.7 3.3 | 87 10 -9.5 -0.5 54 20 26300 105 40 -38.6 10.4 | 102 30 -29.5 6.5 55 19 26518 85 40 -39.8 -3.5 | 77 32 -30.7 -7.3 56 17 26822 105 40 -38.6 10.4 | 102 30 -29.5 6.5 57 14 27737 110 47 -44.2 16.1 | 109 37 -35.0 12.2 58 11 28651 95 37 -36.9 3.2 | 89 28 -27.7 -0.6 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 82.7 at 13.2 knts Storm direction: 112.7 at 9.9 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 0.9 neg: 2.2 tot: 3.1 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 90.1 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 20.8 neg: -5.6 tot: 15.2 m^2/s^2 ave: 5.1 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.24 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 5.0 stream: 1.2 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.10 Bulk Rich Number: 97.60 Bulk Shear: 14.19 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 134 8 241 4| 0.0 4.6 4.6| 0.0 -4.1 -4.1 -8.3 -0.87| 4.6 -4.0 1000 127 8 248 3| 0.0 2.0 2.0| 1.9 -4.1 -2.2 -2.2 -0.03| 5.9 -0.2 1500 123 7 275 4| 0.0 1.8 1.8| 2.7 -4.7 -2.0 -1.3 -0.02| 4.9 -0.1 2000 111 6 296 4| 0.0 2.3 2.3| 11.1 -4.7 6.4 3.2 0.21| 4.9 1.0 2500 91 7 328 4| 0.0 2.6 2.6| 20.0 -4.7 15.3 6.1 0.29| 4.9 1.4 3000 81 7 339 5| 0.9 2.2 3.1| 20.8 -5.6 15.2 5.1 0.24| 5.0 1.2 4000 90 8 342 4| 1.4 1.9 3.3| 20.8 -11.1 9.7 2.4 -0.04| 5.5 -0.2 5000 88 11 18 4| 1.1 2.8 3.9| 24.8 -28.1 -3.3 -0.7 -0.12| 5.8 -0.7 6000 83 13 36 7| 0.9 2.9 3.8| 24.8 -64.1 -39.4 -6.6 -0.21| 5.6 -1.2 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//SBUL/skewt/SBUL.skewt.20251228.12.gif