UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025120112.upa.cvt Date: 1200Z 1 DEC 25 Searching for SBUL... Searching the city database file for: SBUL ... Date:1200Z 1 DEC 25 Station: SBUL WMO ident: 83525 Latitude: -18.89 Longitude: -48.23 Elevation: 943.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 1000 74 1 925 772 SFC 907 943 25.6 16.6 58 9.0 19.4 290 7 307.2 309.7 296.0 347.0 13.21 3 869 1318 21.6 13.6 60 8.0 16.3 339 8 306.8 308.9 294.6 341.0 11.34 4 850 1510 22.0 9.0 43 13.0 13.8 5 8 309.2 310.8 293.1 335.2 8.50 5 846 1551 22.2 9.2 43 13.0 14.0 279 12 309.8 311.5 293.4 336.4 8.66 6 725 2872 11.8 4.8 62 7.0 7.7 263 3 312.4 313.8 293.2 335.6 7.46 7 700 3165 9.4 2.4 62 7.0 5.5 295 8 312.9 314.1 292.6 333.2 6.51 8 665 3589 6.8 -9.2 31 16.0 -0.3 279 9 314.6 315.1 289.9 323.9 2.86 9 651 3763 4.8 -1.2 65 6.0 1.7 273 9 314.3 315.3 292.0 331.3 5.39 10 642 3877 4.4 -14.6 24 19.0 -3.0 269 10 315.1 315.4 289.2 321.4 1.92 11 599 4440 2.0 -2.5 72 4.5 -0.3 272 12 318.6 319.6 293.2 335.7 5.32 12 590 4562 1.0 -5.0 64 6.0 -1.9 262 11 318.8 319.7 292.6 333.3 4.47 13 586 4616 0.8 -14.2 32 15.0 -5.1 262 11 319.2 319.6 290.7 326.5 2.17 14 576 4755 0.0 -26.0 12 26.0 -7.7 274 10 319.8 320.0 289.6 322.6 0.80 15 558 5009 -1.5 -27.5 12 26.0 -8.8 297 10 321.0 321.1 289.8 323.5 0.72 16 500 5880 -4.1 -35.1 7 31.0 -11.5 305 9 328.0 328.1 291.6 329.5 0.39 17 497 5927 -4.3 -34.3 8 30.0 -11.6 302 9 328.4 328.4 291.7 329.9 0.42 18 450 6698 -10.7 -22.7 37 12.0 -14.3 241 20 329.8 330.1 293.0 334.7 1.37 19 439 6887 -11.5 -33.5 14 22.0 -16.4 228 17 331.1 331.2 292.5 333.0 0.52 20 400 7590 -17.5 -32.5 26 15.0 -20.7 180 5 332.2 332.4 292.9 334.6 0.62 21 399 7609 -17.7 -32.7 26 15.0 -20.8 180 5 332.2 332.3 292.9 334.5 0.61 22 371 8150 -21.5 -37.5 22 16.0 -24.2 184 16 334.2 334.2 293.3 335.7 0.41 23 359 8393 -22.7 -25.6 77 2.9 -23.4 192 20 335.7 336.0 294.4 340.5 1.33 24 312 9411 -29.3 -34.1 63 4.8 -30.1 211 25 340.2 340.4 295.0 342.9 0.68 25 309 9480 -29.7 -35.7 56 6.0 -30.6 209 26 340.6 340.8 295.0 342.9 0.59 26 300 9690 -31.7 -36.6 62 4.9 -32.4 205 25 340.7 340.8 295.0 342.8 0.55 27 279 10198 -36.1 -38.6 78 2.5 -36.4 200 23 341.5 341.6 295.1 343.4 0.49 28 276 10272 -36.5 -42.5 54 6.0 -37.1 199 23 342.0 342.1 295.1 343.3 0.33 29 272 10373 -37.5 -40.8 71 3.3 -37.8 198 22 342.0 342.0 295.1 343.5 0.40 30 265 10553 -38.5 -46.5 43 8.0 -39.2 196 21 343.1 343.1 295.3 344.0 0.22 31 250 10950 -41.3 -46.3 58 5.0 -41.7 195 15 344.7 344.7 295.7 345.6 0.24 32 221 11772 -48.3 -51.7 68 3.4 -48.5 221 14 346.3 346.3 295.9 346.9 0.15 33 206 12230 -52.1 -58.1 48 6.0 -52.3 221 17 347.3 347.3 296.1 347.6 0.07 34 200 12420 -53.5 -58.5 54 5.0 -53.7 225 17 348.0 348.1 296.3 348.4 0.07 35 169 13477 -62.9 -66.5 62 3.6 -63.0 208 12 349.6 349.6 296.5 349.7 0.03 36 151 14160 -67.9 -72.8 49 4.9 -67.9 220 23 352.4 352.5 297.2 352.5 0.01 37 150 14200 -67.7 -73.7 42 6.0 -67.7 215 25 353.5 353.5 297.4 353.5 0.01 38 143 14489 -66.9 -77.9 20 11.0 -67.0 211 28 359.7 359.7 298.7 359.8 0.01 39 114 15832 -75.7 -78.7 63 3.0 -75.7 166 30 367.4 367.4 300.1 367.5 0.01 40 101 16533 -76.3 -87.3 16 11.0 -76.3 182 25 379.2 379.2 302.1 379.2 0.00 41 100 16590 -76.7 -87.7 16 11.0 -76.7 175 33 379.5 379.5 302.2 379.5 0.00 42 81 17791 -81.9 -89.9 24 8.0 -81.9 125 17 392.4 392.4 304.2 392.4 0.00 43 70 18620 -77.5 -87.5 19 10.0 -77.6 125 14 418.6 418.6 307.6 418.6 0.00 44 62 19319 -75.1 -89.1 10 14.0 -75.2 117 23 438.7 438.7 309.7 438.7 0.00 45 60 19509 -75.3 -89.3 9 14.0 -75.3 105 26 442.4 442.4 310.1 442.4 0.00 46 53 20240 -68.3 -90.3 3 22.0 -68.5 113 25 474.6 474.6 313.0 474.6 0.00 47 50 20590 -67.1 -90.1 2 23.0 -67.3 95 29 485.4 485.4 313.9 485.4 0.00 48 48 20838 -65.7 -89.7 2 24.0 -66.0 88 29 494.4 494.4 314.5 494.4 0.00 49 45 21228 -67.5 -89.5 3 22.0 -67.7 78 28 499.2 499.2 314.9 499.3 0.00 50 41 21795 -63.7 -89.7 2 26.0 -64.1 81 18 522.2 522.2 316.4 522.2 0.00 51 34 22939 -65.7 -89.7 2 24.0 -66.1 62 27 545.6 545.6 317.8 545.7 0.00 52 32 23309 -63.9 -89.9 2 26.0 -64.4 75 23 560.0 560.0 318.6 560.0 0.00 53 30 23710 -58.7 -87.7 1 29.0 -59.7 90 33 584.6 584.6 319.9 584.7 0.01 54 28 24147 -54.9 -84.9 1 30.0 -56.6 98 31 606.8 606.8 320.9 606.9 0.01 55 26 24619 -56.7 -85.7 1 29.0 -58.2 80 31 614.7 614.7 321.3 614.8 0.01 TRP 81 17791 -81.9 -89.9 24 8.0 -81.9 125 17 392.4 392.4 304.2 392.4 0.00 WND Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5806.00 m Freezing level: 576.00 mb = 4754.76 m = 15599.41 ft Wetbulb zero: 666.83 mb = 3566.10 m = 11699.65 ft Precipitable water: 1.01 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 41.40 % Est. max temperature: 29.98 C = 85.97 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 795.12 mb = 2081.76 m = 6829.85 ft T: 18.02 C 700-500 lapse rate: 4.97 C/km ThetaE index: 12.49 C Layer 725.0- 651.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 686.46 mb = 3326.34 m = 10913.07 ft Mean mixing ratio: 10.15 g/kg Conv temperature: 31.76 C = 89.17 F Cap Strength: 3.28 C Lifted Index: 2.91 C Risk: None Lifted Index @300 mb: 2.73 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 1.88 C Showalter Index: 4.73 C Risk: None Total Totals Index: 39.20 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 26.10 C Cross Totals Index: 13.10 C K Index: 28.10 Risk: 40-60 % chance of thunderstorms Sweat Index: 133.00 Risk: None Energy Index: -0.94 Risk: Scattered severe thunderstorms Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 22.64 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 6.73 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 17718.50 J/kg Cap Strength: 3.28 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 734.90 mb = 2755.53 m = 9040.34 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): -1.00 mb = -9999.00 m = -9999.00 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 311 at 7 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 907 943 290 7 6.6 -2.4 | 209 3 1.2 2.3 1 850 1510 5 8 -0.7 -8.0 | 61 7 -6.0 -3.3 2 849 1524 285 12 11.6 -3.1 | 256 6 6.3 1.5 3 790 2134 135 3 -2.1 2.1 | 132 10 -7.5 6.8 4 762 2438 180 2 0.0 2.0 | 141 9 -5.3 6.7 5 736 2743 250 1 0.9 0.3 | 139 7 -4.4 5.0 6 700 3165 295 8 7.3 -3.4 | 236 2 1.9 1.3 7 634 3962 265 10 10.0 0.9 | 220 7 4.6 5.5 8 611 4267 285 13 12.6 -3.4 | 260 7 7.2 1.3 9 588 4572 260 11 10.8 1.9 | 220 9 5.5 6.6 10 566 4877 285 10 9.7 -2.6 | 244 5 4.3 2.1 11 525 5486 345 12 3.1 -11.6 | 18 7 -2.2 -6.9 12 500 5880 305 9 7.4 -5.2 | 284 2 2.0 -0.5 13 486 6096 290 10 9.4 -3.4 | 253 4 4.1 1.2 14 449 6706 240 20 17.3 10.0 | 219 19 12.0 14.7 15 400 7590 180 5 0.0 5.0 | 151 11 -5.3 9.7 16 398 7620 180 5 0.0 5.0 | 151 11 -5.3 9.7 17 382 7925 180 10 0.0 10.0 | 160 16 -5.3 14.7 18 366 8230 185 18 1.6 17.9 | 171 23 -3.8 22.6 19 351 8534 200 23 7.9 21.6 | 186 26 2.5 26.3 20 337 8839 220 18 11.6 13.8 | 199 19 6.2 18.4 21 310 9449 210 26 13.0 22.5 | 196 28 7.7 27.2 22 300 9690 205 25 10.6 22.7 | 191 28 5.2 27.3 23 260 10668 195 21 5.4 20.3 | 180 25 0.1 24.9 24 250 10950 195 15 3.9 14.5 | 176 19 -1.5 19.1 25 227 11582 230 12 9.2 7.7 | 197 13 3.9 12.4 26 217 11887 215 16 9.2 13.1 | 192 18 3.8 17.8 27 200 12420 225 17 12.0 12.0 | 202 18 6.7 16.7 28 198 12497 230 18 13.8 11.6 | 208 18 8.5 16.2 29 170 13411 205 12 5.1 10.9 | 179 16 -0.3 15.5 30 154 14021 235 15 12.3 8.6 | 208 15 7.0 13.3 31 150 14200 215 25 14.3 20.5 | 200 27 9.0 25.1 32 147 14326 220 19 12.2 14.6 | 200 20 6.9 19.2 33 132 14935 185 53 4.6 52.8 | 179 57 -0.7 57.5 34 119 15545 170 37 -6.4 36.4 | 164 43 -11.8 41.1 35 113 15850 165 29 -7.5 28.0 | 159 35 -12.8 32.7 36 102 16459 190 16 2.8 15.8 | 173 21 -2.6 20.4 37 100 16590 175 33 -2.9 32.9 | 168 38 -8.2 37.5 38 97 16764 175 33 -2.9 32.9 | 168 38 -8.2 37.5 39 92 17069 170 30 -5.2 29.5 | 163 36 -10.5 34.2 40 83 17678 110 22 -20.7 7.5 | 115 29 -26.0 12.2 41 81 17791 125 17 -13.9 9.8 | 127 24 -19.3 14.4 42 78 17983 130 17 -13.0 10.9 | 130 24 -18.4 15.6 43 74 18288 135 18 -12.7 12.7 | 134 25 -18.1 17.4 44 70 18620 125 14 -11.5 8.0 | 127 21 -16.8 12.7 45 67 18898 115 14 -12.7 5.9 | 120 21 -18.0 10.6 46 63 19202 125 21 -17.2 12.0 | 127 28 -22.5 16.7 47 60 19507 105 26 -25.1 6.7 | 110 33 -30.4 11.4 48 54 20117 115 18 -16.3 7.6 | 120 25 -21.6 12.3 49 51 20422 110 34 -31.9 11.6 | 114 41 -37.3 16.3 50 50 20590 95 29 -28.9 2.5 | 102 35 -34.2 7.2 51 44 21336 75 28 -27.0 -7.2 | 85 32 -32.4 -2.6 52 42 21641 70 19 -17.9 -6.5 | 85 23 -23.2 -1.8 53 38 22250 110 14 -13.2 4.8 | 117 21 -18.5 9.4 54 34 22860 65 28 -25.4 -11.8 | 77 32 -30.7 -7.2 55 33 23165 55 23 -18.8 -13.2 | 71 26 -24.2 -8.5 56 31 23470 95 22 -21.9 1.9 | 104 28 -27.3 6.6 57 30 23710 90 33 -33.0 0.0 | 97 39 -38.3 4.7 58 30 23774 110 31 -29.1 10.6 | 114 38 -34.5 15.3 59 24 24689 60 31 -26.8 -15.5 | 71 34 -32.2 -10.8 60 21 25298 80 37 -36.4 -6.4 | 88 42 -41.8 -1.8 61 17 26213 85 25 -24.9 -2.2 | 95 30 -30.2 2.5 62 14 26822 85 34 -33.9 -3.0 | 92 39 -39.2 1.7 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 281.1 at 9.4 knts Storm direction: 311.1 at 7.1 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 1.7 neg: 2.2 tot: 3.9 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 11.6 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 13.0 neg: -54.3 tot: -41.3 m^2/s^2 ave: -13.8 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: -0.41 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 11.2 stream: -4.6 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.00 Bulk Rich Number: 3.95 Bulk Shear: 5.73 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 325 7 37 2| 8.4 0.0 8.4| 1.6 0.0 1.6 3.2 0.48| 9.6 4.6 1000 300 8 251 2| 4.2 7.0 11.2| 1.6 -39.6 -38.0 -38.0 -0.66| 22.6-15.0 1500 301 6 189 1| 2.8 3.4 6.2| 5.2 -51.6 -46.4 -30.9 -0.63| 17.4-10.9 2000 294 5 169 2| 2.0 2.5 4.5| 9.9 -52.5 -42.6 -21.3 -0.52| 14.4 -7.5 2500 294 6 178 2| 2.0 2.0 4.1| 13.0 -52.7 -39.7 -15.9 -0.42| 12.8 -5.3 3000 287 6 196 3| 1.7 2.2 3.9| 13.0 -54.3 -41.3 -13.8 -0.41| 11.2 -4.6 4000 281 8 214 4| 1.8 1.6 3.5| 26.8 -63.7 -36.9 -9.2 -0.29| 10.3 -3.0 5000 293 8 238 3| 2.3 2.0 4.3| 37.0 -68.9 -32.0 -6.4 -0.21| 10.0 -2.1 6000 281 9 234 5| 1.9 3.1 5.0| 37.0-123.9 -86.9 -14.5 -0.29| 10.5 -3.0 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//SBUL/skewt/SBUL.skewt.20251201.12.gif