UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025041812.upa.cvt Date: 1200Z 18 APR 25 Searching for SBUL... Searching the city database file for: SBUL ... Date:1200Z 18 APR 25 Station: SBUL WMO ident: 83525 Latitude: -18.89 Longitude: -48.23 Elevation: 943.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 1000 119 1 925 809 SFC 911 943 21.8 19.9 89 1.9 20.5 90 6 302.9 305.9 296.9 351.1 16.26 3 905 1000 21.0 19.5 91 1.5 19.9 83 7 302.7 305.6 296.6 349.9 15.96 4 850 1540 18.8 17.5 92 1.3 17.9 20 9 305.8 308.6 296.8 350.7 14.97 5 821 1838 17.2 13.2 77 4.0 14.6 310 3 307.2 309.4 294.9 342.5 11.70 6 700 3185 9.0 8.1 94 0.9 8.5 305 7 312.5 314.3 294.9 342.5 9.74 7 685 3364 7.8 7.1 95 0.7 7.3 318 8 313.1 314.8 294.7 341.8 9.28 8 581 4708 1.0 -4.0 69 5.0 -1.5 292 15 320.2 321.2 293.3 336.1 4.90 9 510 5745 -5.9 -8.5 82 2.6 -7.1 282 14 324.0 324.8 293.6 337.1 3.95 10 503 5853 -6.3 -11.0 69 4.7 -8.3 288 16 324.8 325.5 293.3 335.8 3.28 11 500 5900 -5.5 -12.5 58 7.0 -8.4 290 16 326.3 326.9 293.4 336.2 2.93 12 499 5916 -5.1 -12.1 58 7.0 -8.0 289 16 327.0 327.6 293.6 337.3 3.03 13 470 6383 -7.5 -18.5 41 11.0 -11.4 277 24 329.7 330.1 293.4 336.3 1.89 14 425 7154 -14.7 -18.1 75 3.4 -15.9 270 38 330.1 330.5 293.7 337.6 2.16 15 402 7573 -17.3 -25.3 50 8.0 -19.4 261 46 332.0 332.3 293.4 336.4 1.22 16 400 7610 -17.5 -24.5 54 7.0 -19.4 260 47 332.2 332.5 293.6 337.0 1.31 17 392 7761 -18.5 -23.1 67 4.6 -19.8 260 45 332.9 333.2 293.9 338.3 1.52 18 362 8351 -22.3 -23.9 87 1.6 -22.7 260 39 335.4 335.8 294.6 341.0 1.53 19 347 8662 -23.1 -35.1 32 12.0 -25.3 259 40 338.4 338.6 294.4 340.6 0.56 20 323 9182 -27.5 -36.5 42 9.0 -28.9 257 42 339.4 339.5 294.7 341.4 0.52 21 318 9295 -28.3 -43.3 22 15.0 -30.2 256 43 339.8 339.8 294.5 340.8 0.26 22 315 9363 -28.7 -35.7 51 7.0 -29.8 256 43 340.2 340.3 294.9 342.4 0.58 23 303 9639 -31.1 -42.1 33 11.0 -32.4 255 45 340.6 340.6 294.7 341.8 0.31 24 300 9710 -31.5 -41.5 37 10.0 -32.7 255 45 341.0 341.1 294.8 342.3 0.34 25 291 9924 -32.9 -38.9 55 6.0 -33.7 253 47 342.0 342.1 295.2 343.7 0.45 26 272 10394 -36.9 -48.9 28 12.0 -37.9 250 50 342.8 342.9 295.1 343.5 0.16 27 250 10970 -42.1 -51.1 37 9.0 -42.6 255 46 343.5 343.5 295.3 344.0 0.14 28 249 10997 -42.3 -51.3 37 9.0 -42.9 255 46 343.6 343.6 295.3 344.1 0.14 29 223 11738 -48.1 -55.1 44 7.0 -48.4 252 50 345.7 345.7 295.7 346.1 0.10 30 203 12354 -53.1 -68.1 15 15.0 -53.4 255 59 347.2 347.2 296.0 347.3 0.02 31 200 12450 -53.5 -63.5 28 10.0 -53.7 255 60 348.0 348.1 296.3 348.2 0.04 32 195 12612 -54.9 -73.9 8 19.0 -55.2 255 60 348.3 348.3 296.3 348.4 0.01 33 183 13013 -57.7 -67.7 27 10.0 -57.9 255 59 350.2 350.2 296.7 350.3 0.02 34 166 13621 -61.7 -73.2 20 11.5 -61.9 245 67 353.4 353.4 297.4 353.4 0.01 35 150 14240 -65.9 -78.9 15 13.0 -66.0 245 60 356.6 356.6 298.0 356.6 0.01 36 144 14487 -67.7 -79.7 17 12.0 -67.8 242 59 357.6 357.6 298.2 357.6 0.00 37 113 15927 -74.1 -87.1 12 13.0 -74.2 295 34 371.3 371.3 300.8 371.4 0.00 38 100 16630 -80.5 -87.5 30 7.0 -80.5 290 26 372.2 372.2 300.9 372.2 0.00 39 99 16687 -80.9 -87.9 30 7.0 -80.9 290 26 372.5 372.5 301.0 372.5 0.00 40 92 17098 -81.5 -88.5 29 7.0 -81.5 267 36 379.2 379.2 302.1 379.2 0.00 41 79 17960 -78.3 -88.3 18 10.0 -78.3 226 26 402.7 402.7 305.6 402.7 0.00 42 74 18331 -80.1 -90.1 17 10.0 -80.1 225 16 406.5 406.5 306.0 406.5 0.00 43 72 18488 -75.7 -88.7 11 13.0 -75.7 258 17 419.0 419.0 307.6 419.1 0.00 44 70 18650 -76.7 -89.7 11 13.0 -76.7 245 19 420.3 420.3 307.7 420.3 0.00 45 69 18733 -76.7 -89.7 11 13.0 -76.7 247 19 422.0 422.0 307.9 422.0 0.00 46 66 18992 -72.3 -88.3 7 16.0 -72.4 279 17 437.0 437.0 309.6 437.0 0.00 47 63 19266 -73.5 -89.5 7 16.0 -73.6 356 8 440.2 440.2 309.9 440.2 0.00 48 61 19455 -73.1 -91.1 5 18.0 -73.2 50 2 445.2 445.2 310.4 445.2 0.00 49 60 19554 -68.1 -89.1 3 21.0 -68.2 68 1 458.5 458.5 311.6 458.5 0.00 50 50 20660 -64.9 -88.9 2 24.0 -65.2 200 6 490.5 490.5 314.2 490.6 0.00 51 48 20910 -63.5 -89.5 2 26.0 -63.9 183 11 499.6 499.6 314.9 499.7 0.00 52 43 21581 -65.5 -90.5 2 25.0 -65.8 134 10 510.7 510.7 315.7 510.7 0.00 53 35 22856 -57.7 -87.7 1 30.0 -58.7 75 17 562.0 562.0 318.8 562.0 0.01 54 30 23830 -56.7 -87.7 1 31.0 -58.0 85 26 590.1 590.1 320.2 590.1 0.01 55 25 24993 -54.1 -87.1 1 33.0 -56.1 75 25 629.1 629.1 321.9 629.2 0.01 TRP 99 16687 -80.9 -87.9 30 7.0 -80.9 290 26 372.5 372.5 301.0 372.5 0.00 WND 166 13621 -61.7 -73.2 20 11.5 -61.9 245 67 353.4 353.4 297.4 353.4 0.01 Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5781.00 m Freezing level: 570.71 mb = 4858.10 m = 15938.46 ft Wetbulb zero: 598.67 mb = 4463.34 m = 14643.33 ft Precipitable water: 1.65 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 83.03 % Est. max temperature: 28.42 C = 83.16 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 886.25 mb = 1180.46 m = 3872.86 ft T: 20.27 C 700-500 lapse rate: 5.34 C/km ThetaE index: 8.23 C Layer 821.0- 700.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 803.51 mb = 2020.23 m = 6627.97 ft Mean mixing ratio: 14.46 g/kg Conv temperature: 26.67 C = 80.01 F Cap Strength: 1.27 C Lifted Index: -2.00 C Risk: Severe thunderstorms possible Lifted Index @300 mb: -2.28 C Lifted Index @700 mb: -1.16 C Showalter Index: -2.82 C Risk: Severe thunderstorms possible Total Totals Index: 47.30 C Risk: Scattered moderate thunderstorms Vertical Totals Index: 24.30 C Cross Totals Index: 23.00 C K Index: 40.90 Risk: > 80 % chance of thunderstorms Sweat Index: 244.00 Risk: None Energy Index: -2.88 Risk: Severe Thunderstorms probable Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 808.80 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 40.22 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 22.32 J/kg Cap Strength: 1.27 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 835.40 mb = 1688.90 m = 5540.96 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): 760.40 mb = 2485.97 m = 8155.96 ft Equ Level (EL): 190.40 mb = 12762.64 m = 41871.68 ft B at Equ Level: 799.41 J/kg Max Parcel Lev (MPL): 110.40 mb = 16061.05 m = 52693.10 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 324 at 9 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 911 943 90 6 -6.0 0.0 | 124 14 -11.5 7.7 1 882 1219 55 11 -9.0 -6.3 | 95 15 -14.5 1.3 2 852 1524 25 11 -4.6 -10.0 | 77 10 -10.1 -2.3 3 850 1540 20 9 -3.1 -8.5 | 85 9 -8.6 -0.8 4 822 1829 310 3 2.3 -1.9 | 151 7 -3.2 5.7 5 792 2134 335 3 1.3 -2.7 | 139 6 -4.2 4.9 6 764 2438 305 4 3.3 -2.3 | 158 6 -2.2 5.4 7 700 3185 305 7 5.7 -4.0 | 184 4 0.3 3.6 8 660 3658 340 11 3.8 -10.3 | 33 3 -1.7 -2.7 9 612 4267 305 11 9.0 -6.3 | 249 4 3.5 1.3 10 589 4572 300 15 13.0 -7.5 | 269 8 7.5 0.2 11 547 5182 260 16 15.8 2.8 | 225 15 10.3 10.4 12 526 5486 270 12 12.0 -0.0 | 220 10 6.5 7.7 13 500 5900 290 16 15.0 -5.5 | 257 10 9.6 2.2 14 487 6096 275 19 18.9 -1.7 | 246 15 13.4 6.0 15 450 6706 280 30 29.5 -5.2 | 264 24 24.1 2.4 16 400 7610 260 47 46.3 8.2 | 249 44 40.8 15.8 17 399 7620 260 47 46.3 8.2 | 249 44 40.8 15.8 18 367 8230 260 38 37.4 6.6 | 246 35 31.9 14.3 19 300 9710 255 45 43.5 11.6 | 243 43 38.0 19.3 20 273 10363 250 50 47.0 17.1 | 239 48 41.5 24.8 21 250 10970 255 46 44.4 11.9 | 243 44 38.9 19.6 22 239 11278 250 43 40.4 14.7 | 237 41 34.9 22.4 23 200 12450 255 60 58.0 15.5 | 246 57 52.5 23.2 24 180 13106 255 59 57.0 15.3 | 246 56 51.5 22.9 25 166 13621 245 67 60.7 28.3 | 237 66 55.2 36.0 26 163 13716 245 67 60.7 28.3 | 237 66 55.2 36.0 27 150 14240 245 60 54.4 25.4 | 236 59 48.9 33.0 28 140 14630 240 58 50.2 29.0 | 231 58 44.7 36.7 29 133 14935 240 47 40.7 23.5 | 229 47 35.2 31.2 30 120 15545 280 29 28.6 -5.0 | 264 23 23.1 2.6 31 114 15850 295 33 29.9 -13.9 | 284 25 24.4 -6.3 32 108 16154 295 38 34.4 -16.1 | 286 30 29.0 -8.4 33 100 16630 290 26 24.4 -8.9 | 274 19 18.9 -1.2 34 99 16687 290 26 24.4 -8.9 | 274 19 18.9 -1.2 35 98 16764 295 25 22.7 -10.6 | 280 17 17.2 -2.9 36 88 17374 245 45 40.8 19.0 | 233 44 35.3 26.7 37 75 18288 215 16 9.2 13.1 | 190 21 3.7 20.8 38 71 18593 280 17 16.7 -3.0 | 247 12 11.3 4.7 39 70 18650 245 19 17.2 8.0 | 217 20 11.7 15.7 40 67 18898 250 20 18.8 6.8 | 223 20 13.3 14.5 41 61 19507 60 1 -0.9 -0.5 | 138 10 -6.3 7.2 42 50 20660 200 6 2.1 5.6 | 166 14 -3.4 13.3 43 49 20726 220 11 7.1 8.4 | 186 16 1.6 16.1 44 45 21336 100 10 -9.8 1.7 | 121 18 -15.3 9.4 45 43 21641 140 10 -6.4 7.7 | 142 19 -11.9 15.3 46 35 22860 75 17 -16.4 -4.4 | 98 22 -21.9 3.3 47 30 23774 100 21 -20.7 3.6 | 113 28 -26.2 11.3 48 30 23830 85 26 -25.9 -2.3 | 100 32 -31.4 5.4 49 28 24079 75 24 -23.2 -6.2 | 93 29 -28.7 1.4 50 21 25298 75 26 -25.1 -6.7 | 92 31 -30.6 0.9 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 294.4 at 12.6 knts Storm direction: 324.4 at 9.4 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 0.7 neg: 2.2 tot: 2.9 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): -164.6 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 15.1 neg: -40.7 tot: -25.6 m^2/s^2 ave: -8.5 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: -0.13 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 6.9 stream: -0.9 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.07 Bulk Rich Number: 16.36 Bulk Shear: 49.44 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 55 10 99 14| 0.0 9.5 9.5| 0.0 -37.2 -37.2 -74.4 -0.89| 11.7-10.4 1000 38 8 98 10| 0.0 4.3 4.3| 9.6 -37.9 -28.4 -28.4 -0.16| 12.5 -2.0 1500 25 6 103 8| 0.0 3.3 3.3| 12.5 -39.2 -26.7 -17.8 -0.10| 9.3 -1.0 2000 7 6 105 6| 0.0 3.0 3.0| 14.2 -39.2 -25.1 -12.5 -0.05| 7.5 -0.4 2500 350 6 108 5| 0.8 2.4 3.2| 15.1 -39.3 -24.2 -9.7 -0.03| 6.9 -0.2 3000 344 7 104 4| 0.7 2.2 2.9| 15.1 -40.7 -25.6 -8.5 -0.13| 6.9 -0.9 4000 324 9 150 1| 0.5 2.7 3.2| 17.1 -54.4 -37.3 -9.3 -0.21| 7.0 -1.5 5000 306 10 233 3| 1.0 1.9 2.9| 32.1 -67.5 -35.4 -7.1 -0.14| 7.0 -1.0 6000 294 13 247 6| 0.8 3.2 4.0| 59.1 -82.9 -23.8 -4.0 -0.08| 7.6 -0.6 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//SBUL/skewt/SBUL.skewt.20250418.12.gif