UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2026011512.upa.cvt Date: 1200Z 15 JAN 26 Searching for MMMD... Searching the city database file for: MMMD ... Date:1200Z 15 JAN 26 Station: MMMD WMO ident: 76644 Latitude: 20.98 Longitude: -89.65 Elevation: 10.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SFC 1022 10 20.4 19.7 96 0.7 19.9 285 10 291.7 294.3 292.3 332.1 14.27 1 1000 197 20.4 17.8 85 2.6 18.7 290 12 293.5 295.9 291.8 330.4 12.93 2 978 391 19.4 17.5 89 1.9 18.1 328 17 294.4 296.7 292.1 331.5 12.97 3 925 872 16.4 14.4 88 2.0 15.1 335 21 296.1 298.1 291.3 328.4 11.22 4 850 1587 12.2 9.8 85 2.4 10.7 320 27 298.9 300.6 290.3 325.2 8.98 5 768 2435 8.4 8.1 98 0.3 8.2 295 23 303.6 305.3 291.7 330.1 8.86 6 708 3107 5.6 1.6 75 4.0 3.4 282 36 307.7 308.8 290.6 326.3 6.08 7 700 3200 5.0 1.3 77 3.7 3.0 285 37 308.0 309.1 290.7 326.5 6.01 8 671 3542 1.8 0.4 90 1.4 1.1 277 37 308.2 309.3 290.6 326.3 5.88 9 605 4369 -1.7 -2.0 98 0.3 -1.9 264 26 313.4 314.4 291.9 330.6 5.47 10 575 4771 -4.3 -4.9 96 0.6 -4.6 265 29 315.0 315.8 291.6 329.7 4.62 11 568 4867 -4.9 -5.6 95 0.7 -5.3 267 32 315.4 316.2 291.6 329.5 4.44 12 565 4909 -5.3 -6.1 94 0.8 -5.7 268 34 315.4 316.2 291.5 329.1 4.29 13 558 5006 -6.3 -16.3 45 10.0 -9.8 270 37 315.3 315.7 289.2 321.7 1.92 14 549 5133 -7.5 -24.5 24 17.0 -12.1 274 41 315.3 315.5 288.3 318.6 0.96 15 535 5334 -5.7 -26.7 17 21.0 -11.4 273 43 319.8 320.0 289.6 322.7 0.80 16 525 5481 -6.1 -17.1 41 11.0 -9.9 271 44 321.1 321.5 291.0 327.5 1.91 17 500 5860 -9.7 -17.7 52 8.0 -12.4 265 45 321.2 321.6 291.0 327.7 1.90 18 497 5907 -9.9 -17.9 52 8.0 -12.6 264 45 321.5 321.9 291.1 327.9 1.88 19 489 6033 -9.5 -23.5 31 14.0 -13.5 260 45 323.5 323.7 291.0 327.6 1.18 20 476 6241 -11.3 -26.3 28 15.0 -15.2 255 45 323.8 324.0 290.9 327.1 0.94 21 473 6290 -11.7 -22.7 40 11.0 -14.9 253 45 323.9 324.1 291.3 328.4 1.30 22 463 6454 -12.7 -28.7 25 16.0 -16.6 251 45 324.6 324.8 291.0 327.4 0.77 23 400 7560 -20.3 -36.3 23 16.0 -23.1 265 49 328.6 328.7 291.7 330.2 0.43 24 373 8074 -23.9 -31.9 48 8.0 -25.4 255 50 330.5 330.6 292.6 333.1 0.71 25 334 8872 -28.9 -42.9 25 14.0 -30.6 251 52 334.2 334.3 293.1 335.2 0.26 26 300 9630 -35.5 -49.5 23 14.0 -36.6 265 56 335.3 335.4 293.3 335.9 0.14 27 261 10574 -43.7 -53.7 32 10.0 -44.2 264 63 336.9 336.9 293.6 337.3 0.10 28 250 10860 -46.1 -55.1 35 9.0 -46.5 260 66 337.5 337.5 293.8 337.9 0.09 29 200 12320 -57.7 -65.7 35 8.0 -57.8 275 74 341.4 341.4 294.7 341.5 0.03 30 184 12839 -60.9 -69.9 30 9.0 -61.0 267 66 344.4 344.4 295.4 344.5 0.02 31 163 13578 -67.3 -72.3 49 5.0 -67.4 245 64 345.8 345.8 295.7 345.9 0.01 32 150 14080 -64.3 -74.3 24 10.0 -64.4 235 74 359.3 359.3 298.6 359.4 0.01 33 146 14245 -63.7 -77.7 13 14.0 -63.8 238 76 363.1 363.1 299.3 363.2 0.01 34 105 16216 -73.1 -87.1 10 14.0 -73.2 280 76 381.1 381.1 302.4 381.1 0.00 35 100 16500 -74.5 -88.5 10 14.0 -74.5 280 60 383.8 383.8 302.9 383.8 0.00 36 83 17583 -78.1 -89.1 15 11.0 -78.1 248 57 397.5 397.5 304.9 397.5 0.00 37 70 18570 -74.9 -85.9 17 11.0 -74.9 255 29 424.1 424.1 308.2 424.2 0.00 38 60 19471 -72.9 -84.9 15 12.0 -73.0 298 19 447.7 447.7 310.6 447.8 0.00 39 55 19987 -68.3 -82.3 12 14.0 -68.5 255 16 469.6 469.6 312.6 469.6 0.01 40 50 20560 -68.1 -82.1 12 14.0 -68.3 240 10 483.0 483.0 313.7 483.1 0.01 41 46 21067 -63.7 -79.7 10 16.0 -64.1 239 10 505.3 505.3 315.3 505.4 0.02 42 38 22239 -64.9 -78.9 13 14.0 -65.3 181 6 530.6 530.6 316.9 530.7 0.02 43 34 22924 -61.7 -76.7 12 15.0 -62.3 246 7 556.2 556.2 318.5 556.4 0.03 44 30 23700 -61.7 -76.7 12 15.0 -62.4 260 8 576.4 576.4 319.5 576.7 0.04 45 29 23909 -61.9 -76.9 12 15.0 -62.6 260 4 581.5 581.5 319.8 581.8 0.04 46 21 25921 -56.3 -73.3 10 17.0 -58.0 278 6 654.6 654.7 322.9 655.4 0.09 47 20 26230 -56.3 -72.3 12 16.0 -58.0 290 2 663.8 663.9 323.2 664.7 0.11 48 18 26899 -56.5 -73.5 10 17.0 -58.4 232 3 683.5 683.6 323.9 684.4 0.10 TRP 163 13578 -67.3 -72.3 49 5.0 -67.4 245 64 345.8 345.8 295.7 345.9 0.01 WND 105 16216 -73.1 -87.1 10 14.0 -73.2 280 76 381.1 381.1 302.4 381.1 0.00 Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5663.00 m Freezing level: 637.06 mb = 3967.42 m = 13016.32 ft Wetbulb zero: 646.79 mb = 3835.55 m = 12583.67 ft Precipitable water: 1.66 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 81.17 % Est. max temperature: 26.78 C = 80.20 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 1011.87 mb = 95.63 m = 313.76 ft T: 20.40 C 700-500 lapse rate: 5.53 C/km ThetaE index: 6.29 C Layer 925.0- 768.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 918.26 mb = 933.82 m = 3063.69 ft Mean mixing ratio: 12.57 g/kg Conv temperature: 25.03 C = 77.05 F Cap Strength: 2.49 C Lifted Index: 1.30 C Risk: Showers probable Lifted Index @300 mb: 4.50 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 0.53 C Showalter Index: 3.87 C Risk: None Total Totals Index: 41.40 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 21.90 C Cross Totals Index: 19.50 C K Index: 28.00 Risk: 40-60 % chance of thunderstorms Sweat Index: 216.60 Risk: None Energy Index: 0.47 Risk: None Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 36.92 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 8.59 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 16.28 J/kg Cap Strength: 2.47 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 944.02 mb = 696.17 m = 2284.00 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): 859.02 mb = 1497.77 m = 4913.89 ft Equ Level (EL): 779.02 mb = 2315.96 m = 7598.21 ft B at Equ Level: 17.70 J/kg Max Parcel Lev (MPL): 519.02 mb = 5570.42 m = 18275.42 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 316 at 22 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 1022 10 285 10 9.7 -2.6 | 157 15 -5.8 13.4 1 1000 197 290 12 11.3 -4.1 | 161 13 -4.2 11.9 2 988 305 325 16 9.2 -13.1 | 115 7 -6.3 2.9 3 953 610 335 21 8.9 -19.0 | 65 7 -6.6 -3.0 4 925 872 335 21 8.9 -19.0 | 65 7 -6.6 -3.0 5 850 1587 320 27 17.4 -20.7 | 338 5 1.9 -4.7 6 767 2438 295 23 20.8 -9.7 | 221 8 5.4 6.3 7 713 3048 280 35 34.5 -6.1 | 242 21 19.0 9.9 8 700 3200 285 37 35.7 -9.6 | 252 21 20.3 6.4 9 687 3353 280 39 38.4 -6.8 | 248 25 23.0 9.2 10 588 4572 260 23 22.7 4.0 | 200 21 7.2 20.0 11 545 5182 275 43 42.8 -3.7 | 246 30 27.4 12.3 12 500 5860 265 45 44.8 3.9 | 236 36 29.4 19.9 13 466 6401 250 45 42.3 15.4 | 221 41 26.8 31.4 14 400 7560 265 49 48.8 4.3 | 239 39 33.4 20.3 15 397 7620 265 49 48.8 4.3 | 239 39 33.4 20.3 16 349 8534 245 51 46.2 21.6 | 219 49 30.8 37.6 17 300 9630 265 56 55.8 4.9 | 243 45 40.3 20.9 18 282 10058 270 58 58.0 -0.0 | 249 45 42.6 16.0 19 250 10860 260 66 65.0 11.5 | 241 57 49.6 27.5 20 246 10973 260 68 67.0 11.8 | 242 59 51.5 27.8 21 200 12320 275 74 73.7 -6.4 | 261 59 58.3 9.6 22 194 12497 275 74 73.7 -6.4 | 261 59 58.3 9.6 23 176 13106 260 60 59.1 10.4 | 239 51 43.6 26.4 24 163 13578 245 64 58.0 27.0 | 225 61 42.6 43.1 25 151 14021 235 74 60.6 42.4 | 218 74 45.2 58.5 26 150 14080 235 74 60.6 42.4 | 218 74 45.2 58.5 27 130 14935 250 84 78.9 28.7 | 235 78 63.5 44.7 28 112 15850 265 80 79.7 7.0 | 250 68 64.2 23.0 29 105 16216 280 76 74.8 -13.2 | 267 59 59.4 2.8 30 100 16500 280 60 59.1 -10.4 | 263 44 43.6 5.6 31 96 16764 280 60 59.1 -10.4 | 263 44 43.6 5.6 32 91 17069 240 49 42.4 24.5 | 214 49 27.0 40.5 33 82 17678 250 58 54.5 19.8 | 227 53 39.1 35.9 34 73 18288 280 29 28.6 -5.0 | 230 17 13.1 11.0 35 70 18570 255 29 28.0 7.5 | 208 27 12.6 23.5 36 70 18593 255 23 22.2 6.0 | 197 23 6.8 22.0 37 63 19202 275 27 26.9 -2.4 | 220 18 11.5 13.7 38 60 19507 300 18 15.6 -9.0 | 181 7 0.1 7.0 39 57 19812 255 12 11.6 3.1 | 169 20 -3.9 19.1 40 54 20117 255 18 17.4 4.7 | 185 21 1.9 20.7 41 51 20422 285 10 9.7 -2.6 | 157 15 -5.8 13.4 42 50 20560 240 10 8.7 5.0 | 162 22 -6.8 21.0 43 49 20726 240 10 8.7 5.0 | 162 22 -6.8 21.0 44 46 21031 230 10 7.7 6.4 | 161 24 -7.8 22.4 45 44 21336 300 12 10.4 -6.0 | 153 11 -5.1 10.0 46 42 21641 315 10 7.1 -7.1 | 137 12 -8.4 8.9 47 38 22250 180 6 0.0 6.0 | 145 27 -15.4 22.0 48 36 22555 190 16 2.8 15.8 | 158 34 -12.7 31.8 49 34 22860 255 8 7.7 2.1 | 157 20 -7.7 18.1 50 33 23165 215 4 2.3 3.3 | 146 23 -13.2 19.3 51 31 23470 310 4 3.1 -2.6 | 137 18 -12.4 13.4 52 30 23700 260 8 7.9 1.4 | 156 19 -7.6 17.4 53 30 23774 235 6 4.9 3.4 | 152 22 -10.5 19.5 54 28 24079 290 2 1.9 -0.7 | 138 20 -13.6 15.3 55 27 24384 245 2 1.8 0.8 | 141 22 -13.6 16.9 56 26 24689 295 8 7.3 -3.4 | 147 15 -8.2 12.6 57 24 24994 335 14 5.9 -12.7 | 109 10 -9.5 3.3 58 23 25298 205 4 1.7 3.6 | 145 24 -13.8 19.6 59 22 25603 205 8 3.4 7.3 | 153 26 -12.1 23.3 60 21 25908 280 6 5.9 -1.0 | 148 18 -9.5 15.0 61 20 26213 245 6 5.4 2.5 | 152 21 -10.0 18.6 62 20 26230 290 2 1.9 -0.7 | 138 20 -13.6 15.3 63 18 26518 270 2 2.0 -0.0 | 140 21 -13.4 16.0 64 17 26822 135 4 -2.8 2.8 | 136 26 -18.3 18.8 65 16 27127 155 4 -1.7 3.6 | 139 26 -17.1 19.6 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 286.0 at 29.7 knts Storm direction: 316.0 at 22.3 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 2.9 neg: 4.6 tot: 7.5 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 85.7 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 15.4 neg: -47.5 tot: -32.1 m^2/s^2 ave: -10.7 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: -0.50 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 8.7 stream: -4.4 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.00 Bulk Rich Number: 0.85 Bulk Shear: 43.34 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 313 14 141 8| 14.9 0.0 14.9| 2.5 -21.3 -18.8 -37.7 -0.66| 16.2-10.7 1000 326 18 104 6| 8.7 0.0 8.7| 2.5 -26.7 -24.2 -24.2 -0.69| 9.9 -6.9 1500 326 20 83 4| 5.8 2.1 7.9| 2.5 -34.2 -31.7 -21.1 -0.75| 8.7 -6.6 2000 323 21 67 3| 4.4 2.7 7.0| 2.5 -41.5 -39.0 -19.5 -0.80| 8.3 -6.6 2500 318 22 66 1| 3.5 3.2 6.7| 4.4 -47.5 -43.2 -17.3 -0.73| 8.1 -5.9 3000 311 23 250 2| 2.9 4.6 7.5| 15.4 -47.5 -32.1 -10.7 -0.50| 8.7 -4.4 4000 299 26 247 8| 2.2 3.6 5.8| 35.6-122.1 -86.4 -21.6 -0.50| 8.8 -4.4 5000 292 27 237 11| 2.6 2.8 5.4|120.4-165.5 -45.1 -9.0 -0.31| 9.4 -2.9 6000 286 30 239 15| 2.2 3.2 5.4|160.2-240.6 -80.4 -13.4 -0.29| 9.3 -2.7 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//MMMD/skewt/MMMD.skewt.20260115.12.gif