UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025120112.upa.cvt Date: 1200Z 1 DEC 25 Searching for MMMD... Searching the city database file for: MMMD ... Date:1200Z 1 DEC 25 Station: MMMD WMO ident: 76644 Latitude: 20.98 Longitude: -89.65 Elevation: 10.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SFC 1018 10 19.4 18.6 95 0.8 18.9 50 1 291.1 293.4 291.3 328.7 13.36 1 1013 54 22.0 20.7 92 1.3 21.1 53 3 294.1 296.8 293.8 337.9 15.35 2 1004 135 23.2 21.3 89 1.9 21.9 58 8 296.0 298.9 294.8 342.3 16.08 3 1000 171 23.0 21.3 90 1.7 21.8 60 10 296.1 299.1 295.0 342.7 16.15 4 925 848 19.8 17.3 86 2.5 18.1 325 2 299.6 302.0 294.1 339.1 13.55 5 875 1325 17.8 10.8 64 7.0 13.4 148 2 302.3 304.0 291.7 330.0 9.33 6 850 1572 16.0 9.0 63 7.0 11.7 130 2 302.9 304.5 291.2 328.3 8.50 7 829 1784 14.0 9.6 75 4.4 11.3 142 4 303.0 304.6 291.7 330.0 9.09 8 808 2000 12.8 6.8 67 6.0 9.3 216 3 303.9 305.4 290.9 327.0 7.69 9 794 2146 12.4 1.4 47 11.0 6.5 277 2 305.0 306.0 289.1 321.3 5.34 10 783 2263 12.6 -4.4 30 17.0 4.4 298 3 306.5 307.1 287.9 317.4 3.52 11 776 2339 12.0 2.0 50 10.0 6.5 311 3 306.6 307.7 290.0 324.1 5.70 12 756 2557 10.8 0.8 50 10.0 5.5 309 4 307.6 308.6 290.0 324.1 5.37 13 732 2826 11.6 -14.4 15 26.0 1.2 274 3 311.3 311.6 287.8 316.9 1.71 14 707 3116 9.4 -3.6 40 13.0 2.9 279 3 312.0 312.8 290.3 325.1 4.14 15 700 3198 9.0 -6.0 34 15.0 1.9 290 4 312.5 313.1 289.8 323.6 3.49 16 629 4075 4.2 -26.8 8 31.0 -5.0 227 6 316.7 316.8 288.4 319.0 0.68 17 557 5056 -0.5 -27.5 11 27.0 -8.3 240 9 322.3 322.5 290.2 324.9 0.72 18 500 5910 -6.1 -28.1 16 22.0 -12.1 240 12 325.6 325.8 291.2 328.3 0.76 19 493 6020 -6.3 -33.3 10 27.0 -12.8 237 11 326.7 326.8 291.3 328.4 0.47 20 435 6980 -13.7 -37.7 11 24.0 -18.3 281 14 329.2 329.3 291.9 330.5 0.34 21 423 7191 -15.3 -36.3 15 21.0 -19.3 283 15 329.8 329.9 292.1 331.3 0.41 22 418 7280 -16.1 -29.1 32 13.0 -19.1 283 16 329.9 330.0 292.5 332.9 0.82 23 400 7610 -16.1 -35.1 18 19.0 -20.0 285 18 334.1 334.2 293.3 335.9 0.48 24 398 7648 -16.1 -36.1 16 20.0 -20.1 285 18 334.5 334.6 293.4 336.2 0.44 25 300 9710 -34.1 -43.1 40 9.0 -35.0 255 14 337.3 337.4 293.9 338.4 0.28 26 266 10541 -41.7 -47.7 52 6.0 -42.1 282 15 338.0 338.1 294.0 338.8 0.19 27 251 10933 -44.3 -56.3 25 12.0 -44.8 299 14 339.8 339.8 294.3 340.1 0.07 28 250 10960 -44.5 -56.5 25 12.0 -45.0 300 14 339.9 339.9 294.4 340.2 0.07 29 206 12222 -54.9 -68.9 16 14.0 -55.1 324 29 342.9 342.9 295.0 343.0 0.02 30 200 12410 -56.3 -70.3 16 14.0 -56.5 320 31 343.6 343.6 295.2 343.7 0.01 31 185 12899 -60.1 -73.1 17 13.0 -60.2 307 32 345.2 345.2 295.6 345.2 0.01 32 163 13674 -67.1 -73.1 42 6.0 -67.1 286 35 346.2 346.2 295.8 346.2 0.01 33 150 14170 -70.9 -75.9 47 5.0 -70.9 295 35 348.0 348.0 296.2 348.0 0.01 34 139 14618 -73.7 -79.7 39 6.0 -73.7 293 31 350.7 350.7 296.8 350.7 0.01 35 122 15375 -76.3 -82.3 38 6.0 -76.3 275 25 359.3 359.3 298.5 359.3 0.00 36 100 16520 -76.7 -84.7 27 8.0 -76.7 275 29 379.5 379.5 302.2 379.5 0.00 37 87 17321 -79.3 -87.3 26 8.0 -79.3 293 24 389.7 389.7 303.8 389.7 0.00 38 72 18407 -77.1 -86.1 22 9.0 -77.1 287 14 416.1 416.1 307.3 416.1 0.00 39 70 18570 -75.1 -86.1 16 11.0 -75.2 270 19 423.7 423.7 308.2 423.7 0.00 40 64 19098 -68.9 -83.9 10 15.0 -69.0 245 21 448.3 448.3 310.7 448.4 0.01 41 59 19583 -70.3 -85.3 9 15.0 -70.4 260 5 455.7 455.7 311.4 455.8 0.00 42 50 20580 -64.9 -86.9 3 22.0 -65.2 290 19 490.5 490.5 314.2 490.6 0.00 43 49 20703 -64.5 -87.5 3 23.0 -64.8 290 18 494.3 494.3 314.5 494.4 0.00 44 45 21221 -66.3 -88.3 3 22.0 -66.6 257 15 502.2 502.2 315.1 502.2 0.00 45 34 22935 -62.1 -90.1 1 28.0 -62.7 309 5 555.1 555.1 318.3 555.1 0.00 46 31 23513 -57.1 -89.1 1 32.0 -58.3 293 4 583.5 583.5 319.8 583.5 0.00 47 30 23720 -57.5 -89.5 1 32.0 -58.7 70 2 587.9 587.9 320.0 587.9 0.00 48 27 24381 -58.5 -90.5 1 32.0 -59.7 167 7 603.1 603.1 320.7 603.1 0.00 49 20 26270 -56.7 -91.7 0 35.0 -58.6 280 16 662.6 662.6 323.2 662.6 0.00 50 14 28552 -52.7 -88.7 1 36.0 -56.3 288 22 747.3 747.3 325.8 747.4 0.01 51 11 30112 -51.9 -89.9 0 38.0 -56.4 271 24 803.6 803.6 327.3 803.7 0.01 TRP 122 15375 -76.3 -82.3 38 6.0 -76.3 275 25 359.3 359.3 298.5 359.3 0.00 WND Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5739.00 m Freezing level: 564.66 mb = 4951.51 m = 16244.91 ft Wetbulb zero: 680.54 mb = 3429.28 m = 11250.79 ft Precipitable water: 1.32 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 39.98 % Est. max temperature: 30.85 C = 87.53 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 1006.36 mb = 113.64 m = 372.84 ft T: 22.88 C 700-500 lapse rate: 5.57 C/km ThetaE index: 14.41 C Layer 925.0- 829.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 876.56 mb = 1309.57 m = 4296.45 ft Mean mixing ratio: 14.83 g/kg Conv temperature: 30.58 C = 87.05 F Cap Strength: 2.03 C Lifted Index: 0.50 C Risk: Showers probable Lifted Index @300 mb: -0.25 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 1.19 C Showalter Index: 5.98 C Risk: None Total Totals Index: 37.20 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 22.10 C Cross Totals Index: 15.10 C K Index: 16.10 Risk: < 20 % chance of thunderstorms Sweat Index: 124.00 Risk: None Energy Index: 0.17 Risk: None Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 50.14 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 10.01 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 40.55 J/kg Cap Strength: 1.96 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 939.21 mb = 715.63 m = 2347.83 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): 834.21 mb = 1730.71 m = 5678.10 ft Equ Level (EL): 784.21 mb = 2250.39 m = 7383.09 ft B at Equ Level: 20.83 J/kg Max Parcel Lev (MPL): 714.21 mb = 3031.04 m = 9944.23 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 286 at 4 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 1018 10 50 1 -0.8 -0.6 | 97 5 -4.8 0.6 1 1000 171 60 10 -8.7 -5.0 | 73 13 -12.7 -3.8 2 985 305 60 8 -6.9 -4.0 | 76 11 -11.0 -2.8 3 951 610 330 2 1.0 -1.7 | 80 3 -3.1 -0.5 4 925 848 325 2 1.1 -1.6 | 82 3 -2.9 -0.4 5 886 1219 160 2 -0.7 1.9 | 123 6 -4.8 3.1 6 855 1524 125 2 -1.6 1.1 | 112 6 -5.7 2.3 7 850 1572 130 2 -1.5 1.3 | 114 6 -5.6 2.5 8 824 1829 145 4 -2.3 3.3 | 125 8 -6.4 4.5 9 795 2134 275 2 2.0 -0.2 | 116 2 -2.1 1.0 10 766 2438 330 4 2.0 -3.5 | 42 3 -2.1 -2.3 11 739 2743 275 4 4.0 -0.3 | 174 1 -0.1 0.9 12 713 3048 270 2 2.0 -0.0 | 120 2 -2.1 1.2 13 700 3198 290 4 3.8 -1.4 | 62 0 -0.3 -0.2 14 687 3353 325 10 5.7 -8.2 | 347 7 1.7 -7.0 15 661 3658 290 4 3.8 -1.4 | 62 0 -0.3 -0.2 16 637 3962 230 6 4.6 3.9 | 186 5 0.5 5.1 17 613 4267 220 6 3.9 4.6 | 178 6 -0.2 5.8 18 590 4572 255 6 5.8 1.6 | 212 3 1.7 2.8 19 568 4877 240 8 6.9 4.0 | 209 6 2.9 5.2 20 547 5182 240 10 8.7 5.0 | 216 8 4.6 6.2 21 527 5486 255 12 11.6 3.1 | 240 9 7.5 4.3 22 500 5910 240 12 10.4 6.0 | 221 10 6.3 7.2 23 488 6096 235 10 8.2 5.7 | 211 8 4.1 6.9 24 469 6401 240 10 8.7 5.0 | 216 8 4.6 6.2 25 450 6706 280 12 11.8 -2.1 | 276 8 7.7 -0.9 26 400 7610 285 18 17.4 -4.7 | 285 14 13.3 -3.5 27 352 8534 295 18 16.3 -7.6 | 298 14 12.2 -6.4 28 311 9449 255 18 17.4 4.7 | 246 15 13.3 5.9 29 300 9710 255 14 13.5 3.6 | 243 11 9.5 4.8 30 273 10363 275 16 15.9 -1.4 | 271 12 11.9 -0.2 31 250 10960 300 14 12.1 -7.0 | 306 10 8.1 -5.8 32 227 11582 325 23 13.2 -18.8 | 333 20 9.1 -17.6 33 207 12192 325 29 16.6 -23.8 | 331 26 12.6 -22.6 34 200 12410 320 31 19.9 -23.7 | 325 28 15.9 -22.5 35 162 13716 285 35 33.8 -9.1 | 285 31 29.7 -7.9 36 150 14170 295 35 31.7 -14.8 | 296 31 27.6 -13.6 37 146 14326 300 33 28.6 -16.5 | 302 29 24.5 -15.3 38 122 15375 275 25 24.9 -2.2 | 273 21 20.8 -1.0 39 112 15850 290 27 25.4 -9.2 | 291 23 21.3 -8.0 40 107 16154 245 21 19.0 8.9 | 236 18 15.0 10.1 41 100 16520 275 29 28.9 -2.5 | 273 25 24.8 -1.3 42 96 16764 275 29 28.9 -2.5 | 273 25 24.8 -1.3 43 86 17374 295 23 20.8 -9.7 | 297 19 16.8 -8.5 44 82 17678 270 19 19.0 -0.0 | 265 15 14.9 1.2 45 78 17983 305 18 14.7 -10.3 | 311 14 10.7 -9.1 46 74 18288 300 10 8.7 -5.0 | 310 6 4.6 -3.8 47 70 18570 270 19 19.0 -0.0 | 265 15 14.9 1.2 48 63 19202 240 21 18.2 10.5 | 230 18 14.1 11.7 49 60 19507 275 6 6.0 -0.5 | 250 2 1.9 0.7 50 57 19812 220 4 2.6 3.1 | 161 5 -1.5 4.3 51 50 20580 290 19 17.9 -6.5 | 291 15 13.8 -5.3 52 49 20726 290 18 16.9 -6.2 | 291 14 12.8 -5.0 53 44 21336 250 14 13.2 4.8 | 237 11 9.1 6.0 54 40 21946 210 10 5.0 8.7 | 185 10 0.9 9.9 55 38 22250 205 14 5.9 12.7 | 188 14 1.8 13.9 56 36 22555 320 12 7.7 -9.2 | 336 9 3.6 -8.0 57 35 22860 360 6 -0.0 -6.0 | 40 6 -4.1 -4.8 58 33 23165 190 2 0.3 2.0 | 130 5 -3.7 3.2 59 31 23470 260 4 3.9 0.7 | 176 2 -0.1 1.9 60 30 23720 70 2 -1.9 -0.7 | 95 6 -6.0 0.5 61 30 23774 360 2 -0.0 -2.0 | 79 4 -4.1 -0.8 62 28 24079 100 2 -2.0 0.3 | 104 6 -6.0 1.5 63 26 24689 235 12 9.8 6.9 | 215 10 5.8 8.1 64 22 25603 275 19 18.9 -1.7 | 272 15 14.9 -0.5 65 20 26270 280 16 15.8 -2.8 | 278 12 11.7 -1.6 66 19 26518 280 16 15.8 -2.8 | 278 12 11.7 -1.6 67 17 26822 290 19 17.9 -6.5 | 291 15 13.8 -5.3 68 16 27127 275 23 22.9 -2.0 | 272 19 18.8 -0.8 69 13 27737 295 21 19.0 -8.9 | 297 17 15.0 -7.7 70 10 28651 260 25 24.6 4.3 | 255 21 20.5 5.5 71 9 29261 255 27 26.1 7.0 | 250 23 22.0 8.2 72 8 29566 280 27 26.6 -4.7 | 279 23 22.5 -3.5 73 7 30175 250 41 38.5 14.0 | 246 38 34.5 15.2 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 256.4 at 5.7 knts Storm direction: 286.4 at 4.2 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 1.0 neg: 0.8 tot: 1.9 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 26.3 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 10.5 neg: -17.9 tot: -7.3 m^2/s^2 ave: -2.4 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: -0.08 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 7.6 stream: -0.6 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.00 Bulk Rich Number: 2.61 Bulk Shear: 19.24 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 53 7 74 10| 0.0 3.5 3.5| 0.5 -12.3 -11.7 -23.5 -0.34| 17.8 -6.0 1000 42 4 74 7| 0.0 1.5 1.5| 3.7 -12.3 -8.6 -8.6 -0.08| 11.5 -1.0 1500 56 4 83 7| 0.0 0.7 0.7| 3.9 -15.1 -11.2 -7.5 -0.13| 9.2 -1.2 2000 79 3 94 7| 0.9 0.5 1.4| 10.4 -15.1 -4.7 -2.4 0.01| 8.6 0.1 2500 60 3 86 7| 1.2 0.4 1.6| 10.4 -17.5 -7.1 -2.8 -0.10| 8.1 -0.8 3000 25 3 71 6| 1.0 0.8 1.9| 10.5 -17.9 -7.3 -2.4 -0.08| 7.6 -0.6 4000 316 4 39 2| 1.4 1.7 3.1| 10.9 -20.1 -9.3 -2.3 -0.15| 8.3 -1.2 5000 270 5 200 1| 1.4 1.5 2.9| 14.4 -21.1 -6.8 -1.4 -0.10| 7.3 -0.8 6000 256 6 210 3| 1.4 1.5 3.0| 22.2 -30.1 -7.9 -1.3 -0.09| 6.9 -0.6 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//MMMD/skewt/MMMD.skewt.20251201.12.gif