UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025101900.upa.cvt Date: 0000Z 19 OCT 25 Searching for MMMD... Searching the city database file for: MMMD ... Date:0000Z 19 OCT 25 Station: MMMD WMO ident: 76644 Latitude: 20.98 Longitude: -89.65 Elevation: 10.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SFC 1012 10 31.0 25.0 70 6.0 26.5 50 16 303.1 306.8 299.2 362.8 20.08 1 1010 28 29.6 25.6 79 4.0 26.6 49 16 301.9 305.7 299.4 363.7 20.88 2 1000 118 28.2 25.1 83 3.1 25.9 45 14 301.4 305.1 299.1 361.8 20.46 3 967 417 25.6 24.0 91 1.6 24.5 67 8 301.6 305.3 298.7 360.1 19.79 4 925 810 23.2 21.9 92 1.3 22.3 80 8 303.0 306.4 298.1 357.0 18.17 5 850 1546 18.4 16.7 90 1.7 17.2 130 8 305.4 308.1 296.2 348.0 14.21 6 835 1699 17.4 15.9 91 1.5 16.4 133 5 305.9 308.5 296.0 347.1 13.74 7 723 2918 10.6 8.8 89 1.8 9.5 75 5 311.3 313.2 294.7 341.7 9.89 8 700 3188 9.4 7.3 87 2.1 8.1 55 6 312.9 314.6 294.7 341.4 9.21 9 686 3354 8.4 5.1 80 3.3 6.5 95 6 313.6 315.1 294.0 338.7 8.06 10 676 3475 9.2 2.2 62 7.0 5.2 70 5 315.8 317.1 293.5 336.8 6.65 11 588 4612 2.4 -6.6 51 9.0 -1.9 48 10 320.7 321.5 292.7 333.7 3.97 12 572 4833 0.6 -5.4 64 6.0 -2.3 30 9 321.2 322.0 293.3 335.8 4.47 13 565 4932 0.6 -8.4 51 9.0 -3.6 22 9 322.3 323.0 292.9 334.2 3.59 14 559 5017 0.0 -4.8 70 4.8 -2.4 15 9 322.6 323.5 293.9 338.3 4.79 15 537 5337 -1.7 -5.1 78 3.4 -3.4 5 9 324.3 325.2 294.4 340.3 4.88 16 522 5561 -2.9 -7.2 72 4.3 -5.0 7 10 325.5 326.3 294.2 339.7 4.27 17 510 5744 -3.9 -14.9 42 11.0 -8.2 358 11 326.4 326.9 292.9 334.5 2.36 18 509 5760 -3.7 -17.7 33 14.0 -8.8 357 11 326.9 327.2 292.6 333.3 1.87 19 503 5853 -4.5 -11.5 58 7.0 -7.5 352 12 327.0 327.6 293.7 337.7 3.16 20 500 5900 -4.9 -10.9 63 6.0 -7.5 350 12 327.1 327.7 293.9 338.3 3.33 21 498 5932 -5.1 -9.9 69 4.8 -7.2 351 11 327.2 327.9 294.1 339.4 3.62 22 470 6387 -7.3 -22.3 29 15.0 -12.1 7 7 329.9 330.2 293.0 334.8 1.36 23 448 6760 -9.7 -29.7 18 20.0 -14.8 22 5 331.5 331.6 292.8 334.1 0.73 24 417 7313 -13.1 -35.1 14 22.0 -17.8 79 6 334.0 334.1 293.2 335.7 0.46 25 408 7479 -14.1 -38.1 11 24.0 -18.8 54 6 334.8 334.8 293.3 336.1 0.35 26 400 7630 -15.3 -25.3 42 10.0 -18.1 25 8 335.1 335.4 294.2 339.6 1.22 27 399 7649 -15.5 -24.5 46 9.0 -18.0 24 8 335.1 335.4 294.3 339.9 1.32 28 377 8075 -17.7 -39.7 13 22.0 -21.6 11 11 337.7 337.7 294.0 338.9 0.32 29 349 8647 -22.1 -49.1 7 27.0 -25.4 26 9 339.2 339.3 294.3 339.8 0.13 30 333 8990 -24.7 -37.7 29 13.0 -26.8 29 7 340.3 340.4 294.8 342.0 0.45 31 328 9100 -25.7 -45.7 14 20.0 -28.2 30 6 340.4 340.4 294.6 341.2 0.20 32 319 9301 -26.9 -49.9 9 23.0 -29.3 20 6 341.4 341.4 294.8 341.9 0.13 33 311 9483 -28.3 -52.3 8 24.0 -30.6 9 6 342.0 342.0 294.9 342.4 0.10 34 306 9599 -29.3 -53.3 8 24.0 -31.4 5 7 342.1 342.2 294.9 342.5 0.09 35 303 9669 -29.9 -52.9 9 23.0 -31.9 3 7 342.3 342.3 295.0 342.7 0.09 36 301 9716 -30.3 -53.3 9 23.0 -32.3 1 8 342.3 342.4 295.0 342.7 0.09 37 300 9740 -30.5 -53.5 9 23.0 -32.4 360 8 342.4 342.4 295.0 342.8 0.09 38 298 9787 -30.9 -39.9 41 9.0 -32.1 5 6 342.5 342.6 295.3 344.1 0.40 39 297 9811 -31.1 -37.1 56 6.0 -32.0 2 6 342.5 342.6 295.4 344.6 0.53 40 293 9907 -31.7 -44.7 27 13.0 -33.1 348 6 343.0 343.1 295.3 344.0 0.24 41 286 10078 -32.7 -53.7 10 21.0 -34.4 325 6 344.0 344.0 295.4 344.3 0.09 42 250 11010 -40.3 -64.3 6 24.0 -41.3 310 12 346.2 346.2 295.8 346.3 0.03 43 226 11685 -46.5 -66.5 9 20.0 -47.1 313 10 346.8 346.8 296.0 346.9 0.02 44 203 12385 -52.7 -58.7 48 6.0 -52.9 327 5 347.8 347.8 296.2 348.1 0.07 45 200 12480 -53.7 -59.7 48 6.0 -53.9 325 4 347.7 347.7 296.2 348.0 0.06 46 195 12643 -55.1 -65.1 28 10.0 -55.3 288 2 348.0 348.0 296.2 348.2 0.03 47 151 14230 -68.1 -77.1 26 9.0 -68.2 48 4 352.1 352.1 297.1 352.1 0.01 48 150 14270 -68.5 -76.5 31 8.0 -68.5 60 4 352.1 352.1 297.1 352.1 0.01 49 101 16564 -80.3 -88.3 25 8.0 -80.3 170 10 371.5 371.5 300.8 371.5 0.00 50 100 16620 -80.1 -88.1 25 8.0 -80.1 165 6 373.0 373.0 301.1 373.0 0.00 51 97 16794 -77.9 -87.9 18 10.0 -77.9 65 2 380.5 380.5 302.3 380.5 0.00 52 81 17822 -81.9 -88.9 29 7.0 -81.9 78 5 392.4 392.4 304.2 392.4 0.00 53 78 18034 -81.9 -88.9 29 7.0 -81.9 60 7 396.7 396.7 304.8 396.7 0.00 54 75 18256 -81.1 -88.1 30 7.0 -81.1 60 10 402.9 402.9 305.6 402.9 0.00 55 73 18411 -74.5 -86.5 14 12.0 -74.6 14 9 419.9 419.9 307.7 419.9 0.00 56 70 18660 -69.3 -84.3 10 15.0 -69.4 290 6 436.1 436.1 309.5 436.1 0.00 57 64 19195 -69.7 -86.7 7 17.0 -69.8 320 12 446.6 446.6 310.6 446.6 0.00 58 62 19385 -66.1 -88.1 3 22.0 -66.3 342 16 458.6 458.6 311.7 458.6 0.00 59 56 20003 -65.7 -93.7 1 28.0 -66.0 75 11 473.1 473.1 312.9 473.1 0.00 60 50 20700 -60.9 -93.9 1 33.0 -61.4 80 12 500.0 500.0 314.9 500.0 0.00 61 48 20955 -59.7 -93.7 0 34.0 -60.3 91 13 508.7 508.7 315.5 508.7 0.00 62 37 22583 -59.7 -93.7 0 34.0 -60.5 108 34 548.0 548.0 318.0 548.0 0.00 63 30 23910 -54.7 -89.7 1 35.0 -56.3 85 43 595.5 595.5 320.4 595.5 0.00 64 20 26510 -51.5 -87.5 1 36.0 -54.6 80 31 678.5 678.5 323.7 678.6 0.01 65 19 26843 -51.5 -87.5 1 36.0 -54.7 83 33 688.6 688.6 324.0 688.6 0.01 TRP 101 16564 -80.3 -88.3 25 8.0 -80.3 170 10 371.5 371.5 300.8 371.5 0.00 WND Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5782.00 m Freezing level: 559.00 mb = 5017.22 m = 16460.51 ft Wetbulb zero: 611.56 mb = 4291.83 m = 14080.64 ft Precipitable water: 2.31 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 76.52 % Est. max temperature: 32.92 C = 91.26 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 928.43 mb = 777.29 m = 2550.13 ft T: 23.40 C 700-500 lapse rate: 5.27 C/km ThetaE index: 30.01 C Layer 1000.0- 572.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 919.43 mb = 862.54 m = 2829.82 ft Mean mixing ratio: 19.38 g/kg Conv temperature: 31.09 C = 87.97 F Cap Strength: 0.59 C Lifted Index: -5.15 C Risk: Severe thunderstorms probable Lifted Index @300 mb: -7.02 C Lifted Index @700 mb: -3.63 C Showalter Index: -1.23 C Risk: Thunderstorms probable Total Totals Index: 44.90 C Risk: Scattered moderate thunderstorms Vertical Totals Index: 23.30 C Cross Totals Index: 21.60 C K Index: 37.90 Risk: > 80 % chance of thunderstorms Sweat Index: 228.40 Risk: None Energy Index: -1.96 Risk: Scattered severe thunderstorms Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 2759.68 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 74.29 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 2.99 J/kg Cap Strength: 1.00 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 934.37 mb = 720.85 m = 2364.97 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): 899.37 mb = 1054.55 m = 3459.76 ft Equ Level (EL): 119.37 mb = 15594.58 m = 51162.70 ft B at Equ Level: 2709.42 J/kg Max Parcel Lev (MPL): 69.37 mb = 18713.66 m = 61395.78 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 84 at 6 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 1012 10 50 16 -12.3 -10.3 | 35 12 -6.8 -9.7 1 1000 118 45 14 -9.9 -9.9 | 25 10 -4.4 -9.3 2 979 305 60 8 -6.9 -4.0 | 23 4 -1.4 -3.4 3 946 610 80 8 -7.9 -1.4 | 72 3 -2.4 -0.8 4 925 810 80 8 -7.9 -1.4 | 72 3 -2.4 -0.8 5 914 914 90 8 -8.0 0.0 | 104 3 -2.5 0.6 6 852 1524 130 8 -6.1 5.1 | 174 6 -0.6 5.8 7 850 1546 130 8 -6.1 5.1 | 174 6 -0.6 5.8 8 822 1829 135 2 -1.4 1.4 | 244 5 4.1 2.0 9 793 2134 165 4 -1.0 3.9 | 225 6 4.4 4.5 10 765 2438 120 4 -3.5 2.0 | 218 3 2.0 2.6 11 738 2743 100 2 -2.0 0.3 | 255 4 3.5 1.0 12 712 3048 55 8 -6.6 -4.6 | 15 4 -1.1 -4.0 13 700 3188 55 6 -4.9 -3.4 | 349 3 0.6 -2.8 14 686 3353 95 6 -6.0 0.5 | 156 1 -0.5 1.1 15 660 3658 30 4 -2.0 -3.5 | 309 5 3.5 -2.9 16 636 3962 55 8 -6.6 -4.6 | 15 4 -1.1 -4.0 17 612 4267 35 8 -4.6 -6.6 | 351 6 0.9 -5.9 18 590 4572 50 10 -7.7 -6.4 | 21 6 -2.2 -5.8 19 547 5182 360 8 -0.0 -8.0 | 323 9 5.5 -7.4 20 526 5486 10 10 -1.7 -9.8 | 338 10 3.7 -9.2 21 500 5900 350 12 2.1 -11.8 | 326 14 7.6 -11.2 22 488 6096 355 8 0.7 -8.0 | 320 10 6.2 -7.4 23 451 6706 20 6 -2.1 -5.6 | 326 6 3.4 -5.0 24 433 7010 35 2 -1.1 -1.6 | 283 4 4.3 -1.0 25 417 7315 80 6 -5.9 -1.0 | 45 1 -0.4 -0.4 26 401 7620 30 6 -3.0 -5.2 | 332 5 2.5 -4.6 27 400 7630 25 8 -3.4 -7.3 | 342 7 2.1 -6.6 28 369 8230 5 12 -1.0 -12.0 | 339 12 4.4 -11.3 29 354 8534 25 10 -4.2 -9.1 | 352 9 1.3 -8.5 30 325 9144 30 6 -3.0 -5.2 | 332 5 2.5 -4.6 31 312 9449 10 6 -1.0 -5.9 | 320 7 4.4 -5.3 32 300 9740 360 8 -0.0 -8.0 | 323 9 5.5 -7.4 33 299 9754 10 6 -1.0 -5.9 | 320 7 4.4 -5.3 34 287 10058 325 6 3.4 -4.9 | 296 10 8.9 -4.3 35 250 11010 310 12 9.2 -7.7 | 296 16 14.7 -7.1 36 229 11582 310 10 7.7 -6.4 | 294 14 13.1 -5.8 37 209 12192 330 8 4.0 -6.9 | 304 11 9.5 -6.3 38 200 12480 325 4 2.3 -3.3 | 289 8 7.8 -2.7 39 199 12497 325 2 1.1 -1.6 | 279 7 6.6 -1.0 40 190 12802 245 2 1.8 0.8 | 259 7 7.3 1.5 41 181 13106 260 6 5.9 1.0 | 262 12 11.4 1.6 42 172 13411 290 6 5.6 -2.1 | 277 11 11.1 -1.4 43 156 14021 350 2 0.3 -2.0 | 283 6 5.8 -1.4 44 150 14270 60 4 -3.5 -2.0 | 305 2 2.0 -1.4 45 141 14630 320 4 2.6 -3.1 | 287 8 8.1 -2.5 46 120 15545 185 6 0.5 6.0 | 222 9 6.0 6.6 47 114 15850 160 14 -4.8 13.2 | 183 14 0.7 13.8 48 108 16154 165 16 -4.1 15.5 | 185 16 1.3 16.1 49 103 16459 205 10 4.2 9.1 | 225 14 9.7 9.7 50 101 16564 170 10 -1.7 9.8 | 200 11 3.7 10.5 51 100 16620 165 6 -1.6 5.8 | 212 8 3.9 6.4 52 98 16764 60 2 -1.7 -1.0 | 276 4 3.7 -0.4 53 92 17069 110 4 -3.8 1.4 | 221 3 1.7 2.0 54 88 17374 165 6 -1.6 5.8 | 212 8 3.9 6.4 55 83 17678 95 4 -4.0 0.3 | 237 2 1.5 1.0 56 79 17983 60 6 -5.2 -3.0 | 353 2 0.3 -2.4 57 75 18288 60 10 -8.7 -5.0 | 36 5 -3.2 -4.4 58 70 18660 290 6 5.6 -2.1 | 277 11 11.1 -1.4 59 67 18898 290 8 7.5 -2.7 | 279 13 13.0 -2.1 60 64 19202 320 12 7.7 -9.2 | 303 16 13.2 -8.6 61 61 19507 355 18 1.6 -17.9 | 338 19 7.0 -17.3 62 58 19812 45 14 -9.9 -9.9 | 25 10 -4.4 -9.3 63 55 20117 90 10 -10.0 0.0 | 98 5 -4.5 0.6 64 50 20700 80 12 -11.8 -2.1 | 77 7 -6.3 -1.5 65 50 20726 85 12 -12.0 -1.0 | 86 6 -6.5 -0.4 66 45 21336 100 14 -13.8 2.4 | 110 9 -8.3 3.0 67 43 21641 80 19 -18.7 -3.3 | 79 14 -13.2 -2.7 68 41 21946 100 25 -24.6 4.3 | 104 20 -19.1 4.9 69 39 22250 90 19 -19.0 0.0 | 93 14 -13.5 0.6 70 37 22555 110 35 -32.9 12.0 | 115 30 -27.4 12.6 71 35 22860 90 25 -25.0 0.0 | 92 20 -19.5 0.6 72 32 23470 90 25 -25.0 0.0 | 92 20 -19.5 0.6 73 31 23774 65 25 -22.7 -10.6 | 60 20 -17.2 -10.0 74 30 23910 85 43 -42.8 -3.7 | 85 37 -37.4 -3.1 75 28 24384 85 45 -44.8 -3.9 | 85 39 -39.3 -3.3 76 24 25298 100 53 -52.2 9.2 | 102 48 -46.7 9.8 77 21 26213 100 35 -34.5 6.1 | 103 30 -29.0 6.7 78 20 26510 80 31 -30.5 -5.4 | 79 26 -25.0 -4.8 79 17 27127 90 39 -39.0 0.0 | 91 34 -33.5 0.6 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 53.7 at 7.4 knts Storm direction: 83.7 at 5.5 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 2.9 neg: 1.4 tot: 4.3 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): -19.1 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 17.1 neg: -8.2 tot: 8.9 m^2/s^2 ave: 3.0 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.41 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 6.5 stream: 2.7 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.25 Bulk Rich Number: 1947.12 Bulk Shear: 1.42 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 55 11 30 6| 9.5 0.0 9.5| 1.9 -5.5 -3.5 -7.1 -0.02| 11.1 -0.2 1000 67 9 45 4| 6.2 0.0 6.2| 4.0 -5.5 -1.4 -1.4 0.21| 7.2 1.5 1500 80 9 75 3| 5.7 0.0 5.7| 8.0 -5.5 2.5 1.6 0.35| 6.4 2.2 2000 88 8 99 2| 4.4 0.0 4.4| 14.4 -6.5 7.9 3.9 0.43| 6.6 2.8 2500 94 7 128 2| 3.5 0.4 3.9| 14.9 -8.2 6.7 2.7 0.35| 6.1 2.2 3000 93 6 137 1| 2.9 1.4 4.3| 17.1 -8.2 8.9 3.0 0.41| 6.5 2.7 4000 84 6 85 1| 2.5 1.4 3.9| 21.7 -9.7 12.0 3.0 0.35| 6.7 2.4 5000 71 7 30 2| 2.0 1.3 3.3| 25.2 -21.3 3.9 0.8 0.23| 6.4 1.5 6000 54 7 7 4| 1.6 1.2 2.8| 30.5 -34.4 -3.9 -0.6 0.16| 6.2 1.0 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//MMMD/skewt/MMMD.skewt.20251019.00.gif