UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025101600.upa.cvt Date: 0000Z 16 OCT 25 Searching for MMMD... Searching the city database file for: MMMD ... Date:0000Z 16 OCT 25 Station: MMMD WMO ident: 76644 Latitude: 20.98 Longitude: -89.65 Elevation: 10.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SFC 1013 10 27.8 22.8 74 5.0 24.2 25 10 299.8 303.0 296.8 351.1 17.51 1 1012 19 28.8 21.8 66 7.0 23.8 25 10 300.9 303.9 296.5 349.3 16.46 2 1000 123 26.4 21.4 74 5.0 22.8 30 10 299.5 302.5 296.0 347.0 16.25 3 945 620 22.6 20.0 85 2.6 20.8 20 10 300.6 303.5 295.9 346.8 15.76 4 938 685 21.4 19.5 89 1.9 20.1 20 9 300.0 302.8 295.5 345.0 15.39 5 925 806 21.0 18.0 83 3.0 18.9 20 8 300.8 303.4 294.9 342.4 14.18 6 875 1287 19.4 13.4 68 6.0 15.5 310 2 303.9 306.0 293.6 337.0 11.11 7 850 1537 17.8 11.8 68 6.0 14.0 215 4 304.8 306.7 293.2 335.6 10.28 8 847 1567 17.4 13.8 79 3.6 15.0 202 4 304.7 306.9 294.3 339.9 11.79 9 846 1577 17.6 12.6 72 5.0 14.3 198 4 305.0 307.0 293.7 337.6 10.90 10 839 1648 17.4 10.4 63 7.0 13.0 168 4 305.5 307.3 292.8 334.0 9.48 11 837 1669 17.4 7.4 52 10.0 11.4 159 4 305.7 307.2 291.5 329.1 7.74 12 832 1720 17.0 12.0 72 5.0 13.8 138 4 305.8 307.8 293.8 337.8 10.65 13 827 1771 16.8 9.8 63 7.0 12.4 116 4 306.1 307.9 292.8 334.0 9.24 14 825 1792 16.2 14.1 87 2.1 14.8 107 4 305.7 308.0 295.0 342.7 12.36 15 821 1833 16.4 13.1 81 3.3 14.2 90 4 306.4 308.5 294.6 341.3 11.62 16 765 2431 12.8 8.7 76 4.1 10.3 92 4 308.7 310.5 293.6 337.0 9.27 17 726 2870 12.4 1.4 47 11.0 6.3 170 5 312.9 314.0 292.0 331.2 5.84 18 723 2905 12.2 2.2 50 10.0 6.6 176 5 313.1 314.3 292.4 332.5 6.21 19 700 3175 11.0 2.0 54 9.0 5.9 200 6 314.7 315.9 292.9 334.6 6.33 20 675 3478 9.2 -1.8 46 11.0 3.4 146 6 315.9 316.9 292.2 331.8 4.97 21 639 3931 5.8 1.0 71 4.8 3.1 157 6 317.1 318.3 293.7 337.6 6.45 22 638 3944 5.4 0.8 72 4.6 2.8 158 6 316.8 318.0 293.6 337.0 6.37 23 615 4244 4.8 0.0 71 4.8 2.2 134 8 319.4 320.6 294.1 339.4 6.23 24 605 4378 4.2 -3.8 56 8.0 0.1 135 9 320.2 321.1 293.2 335.7 4.78 25 601 4433 3.8 -3.2 60 7.0 0.2 137 10 320.4 321.3 293.5 336.7 5.03 26 600 4446 3.6 -2.4 65 6.0 0.4 138 10 320.3 321.3 293.7 337.6 5.35 27 594 4528 3.0 -1.0 75 4.0 0.8 142 11 320.5 321.7 294.3 339.9 6.00 28 591 4569 3.4 -8.6 41 12.0 -2.1 144 12 321.4 322.1 292.4 332.6 3.38 29 584 4666 2.6 -6.4 51 9.0 -1.7 151 12 321.6 322.4 293.0 334.9 4.06 30 572 4834 1.6 -4.4 64 6.0 -1.4 165 10 322.3 323.3 293.9 338.1 4.83 31 571 4848 1.6 -2.7 73 4.3 -0.7 166 10 322.5 323.6 294.4 340.4 5.50 32 551 5136 0.6 -10.4 43 11.0 -4.3 134 10 324.6 325.2 293.1 335.2 3.14 33 533 5402 -1.3 -8.3 59 7.0 -4.6 135 7 325.5 326.2 293.9 338.3 3.84 34 527 5493 -1.7 -11.7 46 10.0 -6.0 140 6 326.0 326.6 293.3 336.0 2.96 35 503 5863 -4.5 -9.5 68 5.0 -6.7 107 11 327.0 327.7 294.2 339.4 3.70 36 500 5910 -4.9 -9.2 72 4.3 -6.8 105 12 327.1 327.8 294.3 339.9 3.81 37 469 6410 -6.7 -15.7 49 9.0 -10.2 130 16 330.9 331.4 294.1 339.2 2.40 38 461 6543 -7.7 -14.7 57 7.0 -10.5 127 15 331.3 331.8 294.4 340.4 2.65 39 427 7133 -11.5 -19.5 52 8.0 -14.2 112 12 333.7 334.1 294.4 340.5 1.91 40 423 7205 -11.9 -21.9 43 10.0 -15.0 110 12 334.1 334.5 294.3 339.7 1.57 41 400 7630 -14.3 -25.3 39 11.0 -17.4 95 10 336.4 336.7 294.6 340.9 1.22 42 391 7803 -15.5 -24.5 46 9.0 -18.1 109 11 337.0 337.3 294.8 341.9 1.34 43 332 9019 -25.3 -33.3 47 8.0 -26.8 117 12 339.7 339.9 294.9 342.4 0.69 44 300 9750 -30.7 -42.7 30 12.0 -32.1 140 12 342.1 342.2 295.1 343.3 0.30 45 250 11010 -40.5 -57.5 14 17.0 -41.4 115 12 345.9 345.9 295.8 346.1 0.06 46 241 11259 -42.5 -63.5 8 21.0 -43.3 101 12 346.5 346.5 295.9 346.6 0.03 47 212 12111 -49.5 -67.5 10 18.0 -50.0 123 12 348.5 348.5 296.3 348.6 0.02 48 200 12490 -52.9 -62.9 29 10.0 -53.2 130 12 349.0 349.0 296.4 349.2 0.04 49 191 12787 -55.5 -62.5 41 7.0 -55.6 130 13 349.4 349.5 296.5 349.6 0.04 50 171 13487 -61.5 -70.5 29 9.0 -61.6 125 16 350.7 350.7 296.8 350.8 0.02 51 154 14131 -67.3 -73.3 42 6.0 -67.4 117 18 351.5 351.5 297.0 351.5 0.01 52 150 14290 -68.7 -74.7 42 6.0 -68.7 115 19 351.7 351.7 297.0 351.8 0.01 53 138 14784 -71.7 -79.7 29 8.0 -71.8 106 19 354.9 354.9 297.7 355.0 0.01 54 112 15989 -79.9 -85.9 36 6.0 -79.9 120 18 361.4 361.4 299.0 361.5 0.00 55 100 16630 -79.3 -86.3 31 7.0 -79.3 80 8 374.5 374.5 301.4 374.5 0.00 56 90 17222 -81.9 -86.9 42 5.0 -81.9 84 21 380.8 380.8 302.3 380.8 0.00 57 71 18586 -70.7 -84.7 11 14.0 -70.8 100 19 431.4 431.4 309.0 431.4 0.00 58 70 18670 -70.9 -88.9 5 18.0 -71.0 110 23 432.7 432.7 309.1 432.7 0.00 59 61 19478 -72.7 -92.7 3 20.0 -72.8 126 9 446.1 446.1 310.5 446.1 0.00 60 55 20093 -66.5 -91.5 2 25.0 -66.7 41 14 473.7 473.7 313.0 473.7 0.00 61 50 20670 -65.1 -97.1 0 32.0 -65.4 115 8 490.1 490.1 314.2 490.1 0.00 62 41 21883 -63.9 -96.9 0 33.0 -64.3 30 14 521.7 521.7 316.4 521.7 0.00 63 39 22191 -61.9 -94.9 0 33.0 -62.5 57 9 534.3 534.3 317.2 534.3 0.00 TRP 112 15989 -79.9 -85.9 36 6.0 -79.9 120 18 361.4 361.4 299.0 361.5 0.00 WND Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5787.00 m Freezing level: 545.32 mb = 5219.85 m = 17125.28 ft Wetbulb zero: 593.15 mb = 4539.50 m = 14893.18 ft Precipitable water: 1.95 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 65.33 % Est. max temperature: 32.32 C = 90.18 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 942.34 mb = 644.55 m = 2114.64 ft T: 22.15 C 700-500 lapse rate: 5.81 C/km ThetaE index: 15.51 C Layer 1012.0- 847.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 857.42 mb = 1462.13 m = 4796.95 ft Mean mixing ratio: 15.58 g/kg Conv temperature: 32.51 C = 90.52 F Cap Strength: 1.57 C Lifted Index: -0.47 C Risk: Thunderstorms probable Lifted Index @300 mb: -0.10 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 1.55 C Showalter Index: 3.75 C Risk: None Total Totals Index: 39.40 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 22.70 C Cross Totals Index: 16.70 C K Index: 25.50 Risk: 40-60 % chance of thunderstorms Sweat Index: 161.60 Risk: None Energy Index: 0.87 Risk: None Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 23.08 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 6.79 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 100.33 J/kg Cap Strength: 1.55 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 911.61 mb = 932.32 m = 3058.77 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): 636.61 mb = 3961.73 m = 12997.63 ft Equ Level (EL): 626.61 mb = 4091.37 m = 13422.97 ft B at Equ Level: 4.11 J/kg Max Parcel Lev (MPL): 596.61 mb = 4492.19 m = 14737.98 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 149 at 5 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 1013 10 25 10 -4.2 -9.1 | 6 14 -1.5 -13.5 1 1000 123 30 10 -5.0 -8.7 | 10 13 -2.3 -13.1 2 946 610 20 10 -3.4 -9.4 | 3 14 -0.7 -13.8 3 925 806 20 8 -2.7 -7.5 | 0 12 -0.0 -11.9 4 913 914 40 2 -1.3 -1.5 | 347 6 1.4 -5.9 5 882 1219 275 2 2.0 -0.2 | 314 7 4.7 -4.6 6 851 1524 75 2 -1.9 -0.5 | 351 5 0.8 -4.9 7 850 1537 215 4 2.3 3.3 | 283 5 5.0 -1.1 8 821 1829 90 4 -4.0 0.0 | 17 5 -1.3 -4.4 9 792 2134 30 6 -3.0 -5.2 | 2 10 -0.3 -9.6 10 764 2438 95 4 -4.0 0.3 | 18 4 -1.3 -4.1 11 737 2743 150 4 -2.0 3.5 | 324 1 0.7 -0.9 12 711 3048 200 6 2.1 5.6 | 255 5 4.7 1.2 13 700 3175 200 6 2.1 5.6 | 255 5 4.7 1.2 14 685 3353 150 4 -2.0 3.5 | 324 1 0.7 -0.9 15 660 3658 140 8 -5.1 6.1 | 125 3 -2.4 1.7 16 635 3962 160 6 -2.1 5.6 | 207 1 0.6 1.2 17 612 4267 130 8 -6.1 5.1 | 102 4 -3.4 0.7 18 589 4572 145 12 -6.9 9.8 | 142 7 -4.2 5.4 19 568 4877 170 10 -1.7 9.8 | 190 6 1.0 5.4 20 547 5182 125 10 -8.2 5.7 | 104 6 -5.5 1.3 21 527 5486 140 6 -3.9 4.6 | 99 1 -1.2 0.2 22 507 5791 110 10 -9.4 3.4 | 82 7 -6.7 -1.0 23 500 5910 105 12 -11.6 3.1 | 82 9 -8.9 -1.3 24 469 6401 130 16 -12.3 10.3 | 122 11 -9.6 5.9 25 401 7620 100 10 -9.8 1.7 | 70 8 -7.2 -2.7 26 400 7630 95 10 -10.0 0.9 | 64 8 -7.3 -3.5 27 384 7925 120 12 -10.4 6.0 | 102 8 -7.7 1.6 28 354 8534 105 14 -13.5 3.6 | 86 11 -10.8 -0.8 29 339 8839 120 12 -10.4 6.0 | 102 8 -7.7 1.6 30 326 9144 115 12 -10.9 5.1 | 95 8 -8.2 0.7 31 300 9750 140 12 -7.7 9.2 | 134 7 -5.0 4.8 32 300 9754 150 8 -4.0 6.9 | 153 3 -1.3 2.5 33 275 10363 105 14 -13.5 3.6 | 86 11 -10.8 -0.8 34 263 10668 120 14 -12.1 7.0 | 105 10 -9.4 2.6 35 250 11010 115 12 -10.9 5.1 | 95 8 -8.2 0.7 36 240 11278 100 12 -11.8 2.1 | 76 9 -9.1 -2.3 37 209 12192 125 12 -9.8 6.9 | 109 8 -7.1 2.5 38 200 12490 130 12 -9.2 7.7 | 117 7 -6.5 3.3 39 181 13106 130 14 -10.7 9.0 | 120 9 -8.0 4.6 40 150 14290 115 19 -17.2 8.0 | 104 15 -14.5 3.6 41 115 15850 85 19 -18.9 -1.7 | 70 17 -16.2 -6.1 42 112 15989 120 18 -15.6 9.0 | 110 14 -12.9 4.6 43 103 16459 180 14 0.0 14.0 | 196 10 2.7 9.6 44 100 16630 80 8 -7.9 -1.4 | 42 8 -5.2 -5.8 45 98 16764 80 8 -7.9 -1.4 | 42 8 -5.2 -5.8 46 88 17374 85 25 -24.9 -2.2 | 73 23 -22.2 -6.6 47 75 18288 80 39 -38.4 -6.8 | 73 37 -35.7 -11.2 48 71 18593 100 19 -18.7 3.3 | 86 16 -16.0 -1.1 49 70 18670 110 23 -21.6 7.9 | 100 19 -18.9 3.5 50 67 18898 105 23 -22.2 6.0 | 95 20 -19.5 1.5 51 64 19202 140 16 -10.3 12.3 | 136 11 -7.6 7.8 52 61 19507 125 8 -6.6 4.6 | 93 4 -3.9 0.2 53 58 19812 60 12 -10.4 -6.0 | 36 13 -7.7 -10.4 54 55 20117 40 14 -9.0 -10.7 | 23 16 -6.3 -15.1 55 52 20422 110 12 -11.3 4.1 | 88 9 -8.6 -0.3 56 50 20670 115 8 -7.3 3.4 | 77 5 -4.6 -1.0 57 49 20726 75 10 -9.7 -2.6 | 45 10 -7.0 -7.0 58 46 21031 65 4 -3.6 -1.7 | 9 6 -0.9 -6.1 59 41 21641 30 14 -7.0 -12.1 | 15 17 -4.3 -16.5 60 38 21946 65 8 -7.3 -3.4 | 30 9 -4.6 -7.8 61 36 22250 95 4 -4.0 0.3 | 18 4 -1.3 -4.1 62 34 22555 345 4 1.0 -3.9 | 336 9 3.7 -8.3 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 118.6 at 6.9 knts Storm direction: 148.6 at 5.2 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 1.8 neg: 0.9 tot: 2.7 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): -112.7 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 15.3 neg: -27.7 tot: -12.4 m^2/s^2 ave: -4.1 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: -0.15 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 8.7 stream: -1.3 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.00 Bulk Rich Number: 1.14 Bulk Shear: 20.21 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 26 10 7 13| 0.0 0.5 0.5| 2.6 -4.4 -1.8 -3.5 -0.24| 2.1 -0.5 1000 24 8 4 12| 0.0 4.2 4.2| 2.6 -13.9 -11.3 -11.3 -0.39| 6.1 -2.4 1500 22 6 358 10| 0.8 2.8 3.6| 9.8 -18.8 -9.0 -6.0 -0.16| 6.7 -1.1 2000 29 6 1 9| 0.6 1.3 1.9| 11.4 -23.9 -12.5 -6.3 -0.14| 9.1 -1.3 2500 34 6 3 9| 1.2 1.1 2.2| 15.3 -26.4 -11.1 -4.4 -0.10| 9.0 -0.9 3000 44 5 7 8| 1.8 0.9 2.7| 15.3 -27.7 -12.4 -4.1 -0.15| 8.7 -1.3 4000 80 6 28 6| 1.5 0.7 2.2| 17.2 -27.9 -10.7 -2.7 -0.03| 8.0 -0.3 5000 116 6 63 3| 1.3 1.1 2.3| 27.8 -32.3 -4.6 -0.9 0.00| 7.9 0.0 6000 119 7 72 4| 1.1 1.3 2.3| 31.2 -39.6 -8.4 -1.4 -0.04| 8.1 -0.4 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//MMMD/skewt/MMMD.skewt.20251016.00.gif