UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025101300.upa.cvt Date: 0000Z 13 OCT 25 Searching for MMMD... Searching the city database file for: MMMD ... Date:0000Z 13 OCT 25 Station: MMMD WMO ident: 76644 Latitude: 20.98 Longitude: -89.65 Elevation: 10.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SFC 1009 10 29.2 21.2 62 8.0 23.5 340 3 301.6 304.5 296.3 348.4 15.90 1 1000 94 28.0 20.0 62 8.0 22.3 355 10 301.1 303.9 295.5 344.9 14.88 2 944 601 23.0 18.6 76 4.4 19.9 350 10 301.1 303.7 295.1 343.5 14.43 3 925 778 22.2 16.2 69 6.0 18.1 345 10 302.0 304.3 294.1 339.3 12.62 4 917 853 22.0 14.0 60 8.0 16.7 333 9 302.6 304.6 293.1 335.2 11.02 5 850 1506 16.6 12.2 75 4.4 13.8 275 4 303.5 305.5 293.0 335.0 10.56 6 838 1627 15.6 11.0 74 4.6 12.7 272 7 303.7 305.5 292.6 333.2 9.89 7 834 1667 16.0 7.0 55 9.0 10.6 273 7 304.6 306.0 290.9 327.3 7.55 8 754 2515 10.6 -6.4 30 17.0 2.8 267 8 307.6 308.2 287.9 317.5 3.14 9 732 2762 11.8 -29.2 4 41.0 -0.4 320 6 311.5 311.6 286.5 313.2 0.47 10 709 3029 10.2 -36.8 2 47.0 -1.9 324 9 312.6 312.7 286.5 313.5 0.23 11 700 3135 10.4 325 10 314.0 12 673 3462 11.0 322 10 318.2 13 592 4521 6.2 344 8 324.5 14 509 5739 -2.5 -20.5 24 18.0 -8.7 336 16 328.3 328.6 292.7 333.5 1.47 15 500 5880 -3.7 -21.7 23 18.0 -9.7 340 18 328.5 328.8 292.6 333.3 1.35 16 400 7600 -16.1 -35.1 18 19.0 -20.0 320 14 334.1 334.2 293.3 335.9 0.48 17 397 7657 -16.3 -37.3 15 21.0 -20.3 325 12 334.5 334.6 293.3 336.0 0.39 18 329 9038 -29.1 -46.1 18 17.0 -30.9 338 18 335.4 335.4 293.3 336.1 0.19 19 308 9511 -28.5 -66.5 1 38.0 -31.0 344 31 342.6 342.6 295.0 342.7 0.02 20 300 9700 -29.5 -69.5 1 40.0 -31.9 340 29 343.8 343.8 295.3 343.8 0.01 21 287 10015 -30.5 -72.5 1 42.0 -32.7 340 25 346.8 346.8 295.9 346.8 0.01 22 250 10980 -38.5 -77.5 1 39.0 -39.8 320 19 348.8 348.8 296.4 348.8 0.00 23 200 12470 -51.9 -70.9 8 19.0 -52.2 305 19 350.6 350.6 296.8 350.6 0.01 24 160 13868 -64.1 -76.1 18 12.0 -64.2 334 20 353.1 353.1 297.3 353.1 0.01 25 150 14260 -65.9 -78.9 15 13.0 -66.0 345 21 356.6 356.6 298.0 356.6 0.01 26 132 15028 -69.1 -83.1 11 14.0 -69.2 1 15 364.1 364.1 299.5 364.1 0.00 27 102 16528 -79.1 -89.1 18 10.0 -79.1 45 19 372.8 372.8 301.1 372.8 0.00 28 100 16640 -78.9 -88.9 18 10.0 -78.9 55 16 375.3 375.3 301.5 375.3 0.00 29 96 16874 -76.5 -87.5 16 11.0 -76.5 47 14 384.4 384.4 302.9 384.4 0.00 30 88 17372 -80.3 -88.3 25 8.0 -80.3 81 14 386.5 386.5 303.3 386.5 0.00 31 77 18140 -73.9 -85.9 14 12.0 -73.9 12 11 414.8 414.8 307.1 414.8 0.00 32 70 18700 -72.3 -87.3 9 15.0 -72.4 100 21 429.7 429.7 308.8 429.7 0.00 33 68 18870 -72.5 -87.5 9 15.0 -72.6 104 21 432.9 432.9 309.1 432.9 0.00 34 65 19138 -69.1 -88.1 5 19.0 -69.2 89 11 445.9 445.9 310.4 445.9 0.00 35 57 19921 -69.9 -92.9 2 23.0 -70.1 63 16 461.2 461.2 311.9 461.2 0.00 36 50 20710 -65.1 -96.1 1 31.0 -65.4 75 29 490.1 490.1 314.2 490.1 0.00 37 44 21494 -61.7 -94.7 0 33.0 -62.2 90 24 516.6 516.6 316.1 516.6 0.00 38 38 22406 -59.7 -93.7 0 34.0 -60.4 101 25 543.8 543.8 317.8 543.9 0.00 39 36 22742 -61.9 -94.9 0 33.0 -62.5 115 28 546.6 546.6 317.9 546.6 0.00 40 35 22917 -58.9 -92.9 0 34.0 -59.8 109 26 558.9 558.9 318.6 558.9 0.00 41 31 23675 -60.5 -94.5 0 34.0 -61.3 72 17 574.3 574.3 319.4 574.3 0.00 42 30 23880 -59.5 -93.5 0 34.0 -60.5 70 41 582.4 582.4 319.8 582.4 0.00 43 28 24311 -60.1 -94.1 0 34.0 -61.1 78 40 592.4 592.4 320.3 592.4 0.00 44 23 25561 -52.5 -88.5 1 36.0 -55.0 89 35 649.0 649.0 322.6 649.1 0.01 45 21 26153 -50.3 -86.3 1 36.0 -53.6 101 39 672.8 672.8 323.5 672.8 0.01 46 20 26470 -51.9 -87.9 1 36.0 -54.9 95 41 677.3 677.3 323.7 677.4 0.01 47 19 26802 -52.5 -88.5 1 36.0 -55.4 95 42 685.5 685.5 324.0 685.5 0.01 48 15 28349 -46.9 -83.9 1 37.0 -52.3 99 37 752.0 752.0 326.0 752.2 0.02 TRP 102 16528 -79.1 -89.1 18 10.0 -79.1 45 19 372.8 372.8 301.1 372.8 0.00 WND Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5786.00 m Freezing level: 532.85 mb = 5388.95 m = 17680.07 ft Wetbulb zero: 735.07 mb = 2727.59 m = 8948.68 ft Precipitable water: 1.17 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 49.57 % Est. max temperature: 31.03 C = 87.86 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 898.66 mb = 1027.17 m = 3369.95 ft T: 20.56 C 700-500 lapse rate: 5.14 C/km ThetaE index: 35.24 C Layer 1000.0- 709.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 847.38 mb = 1532.27 m = 5027.07 ft Mean mixing ratio: 13.95 g/kg Conv temperature: 31.21 C = 88.17 F Cap Strength: 4.54 C Lifted Index: 2.02 C Risk: None Lifted Index @300 mb: 3.06 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 1.94 C Showalter Index: 5.25 C Risk: None Total Totals Index: 36.20 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 20.30 C Cross Totals Index: 15.90 C K Index: -14.07 Risk: None Sweat Index: 172.40 Risk: None Energy Index: -0.19 Risk: Scattered severe thunderstorms Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 56.56 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 10.64 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 41.22 J/kg Cap Strength: 4.54 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 873.93 mb = 1267.16 m = 4157.29 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): 788.93 mb = 2134.46 m = 7002.74 ft Equ Level (EL): 738.93 mb = 2683.77 m = 8804.91 ft B at Equ Level: 8.30 J/kg Max Parcel Lev (MPL): 718.93 mb = 2912.67 m = 9555.90 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 352 at 7 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 1009 10 340 3 1.0 -2.8 | 180 4 0.0 4.2 1 1000 94 355 10 0.9 -10.0 | 3 3 -0.1 -3.0 2 943 610 350 10 1.7 -9.8 | 346 3 0.7 -2.8 3 925 778 345 10 2.6 -9.7 | 329 3 1.6 -2.6 4 879 1219 275 2 2.0 -0.2 | 188 7 1.0 6.8 5 850 1506 275 4 4.0 -0.3 | 204 7 3.0 6.7 6 848 1524 270 6 6.0 -0.0 | 215 9 5.0 7.0 7 789 2134 285 10 9.7 -2.6 | 243 10 8.7 4.4 8 761 2438 250 8 7.5 2.7 | 214 12 6.5 9.7 9 733 2743 320 6 3.9 -4.6 | 230 4 2.9 2.4 10 700 3135 325 10 5.7 -8.2 | 284 5 4.7 -1.2 11 682 3353 325 10 5.7 -8.2 | 284 5 4.7 -1.2 12 657 3658 315 10 7.1 -7.1 | 271 6 6.1 -0.1 13 632 3962 315 8 5.7 -5.7 | 254 5 4.7 1.4 14 609 4267 305 8 6.6 -4.6 | 246 6 5.5 2.4 15 587 4572 355 8 0.7 -8.0 | 18 1 -0.3 -1.0 16 525 5486 320 16 10.3 -12.3 | 299 11 9.3 -5.2 17 505 5791 340 16 5.5 -15.0 | 331 9 4.5 -8.0 18 500 5880 340 18 6.2 -16.9 | 333 11 5.2 -9.9 19 467 6401 320 16 10.3 -12.3 | 299 11 9.3 -5.2 20 449 6706 330 18 9.0 -15.6 | 317 12 8.0 -8.6 21 415 7315 305 16 13.1 -9.2 | 280 12 12.1 -2.2 22 400 7600 320 14 9.0 -10.7 | 295 9 8.0 -3.7 23 399 7620 325 12 6.9 -9.8 | 296 7 5.9 -2.8 24 338 8839 320 10 6.4 -7.7 | 277 5 5.4 -0.6 25 324 9144 350 23 4.0 -22.7 | 349 16 3.0 -15.6 26 311 9449 345 31 8.0 -29.9 | 343 24 7.0 -22.9 27 300 9700 340 29 9.9 -27.3 | 336 22 8.9 -20.2 28 273 10363 340 21 7.2 -19.7 | 334 14 6.2 -12.7 29 261 10668 320 18 11.6 -13.8 | 303 13 10.6 -6.8 30 250 10980 320 19 12.2 -14.6 | 304 14 11.2 -7.5 31 200 12470 305 19 15.6 -10.9 | 285 15 14.6 -3.9 32 190 12802 305 19 15.6 -10.9 | 285 15 14.6 -3.9 33 150 14260 345 21 5.4 -20.3 | 342 14 4.4 -13.3 34 141 14630 340 21 7.2 -19.7 | 334 14 6.2 -12.7 35 134 14935 5 19 -1.7 -18.9 | 13 12 -2.7 -11.9 36 127 15240 350 4 0.7 -3.9 | 174 3 -0.3 3.1 37 121 15545 245 2 1.8 0.8 | 186 8 0.8 7.9 38 109 16154 320 12 7.7 -9.2 | 288 7 6.7 -2.2 39 102 16528 45 19 -13.4 -13.4 | 66 16 -14.4 -6.4 40 100 16640 55 16 -13.1 -9.2 | 81 14 -14.1 -2.2 41 98 16764 40 14 -9.0 -10.7 | 70 11 -10.0 -3.7 42 88 17374 80 14 -13.8 -2.4 | 107 15 -14.8 4.6 43 84 17678 135 2 -1.4 1.4 | 164 9 -2.4 8.4 44 79 17983 15 6 -1.6 -5.8 | 115 3 -2.6 1.2 45 75 18288 10 16 -2.8 -15.8 | 23 10 -3.8 -8.7 46 71 18593 45 16 -11.3 -11.3 | 71 13 -12.3 -4.3 47 70 18700 100 21 -20.7 3.6 | 116 24 -21.7 10.7 48 68 18898 105 21 -20.3 5.4 | 120 25 -21.3 12.4 49 64 19202 85 8 -8.0 -0.7 | 125 11 -9.0 6.3 50 61 19507 80 8 -7.9 -1.4 | 122 11 -8.9 5.6 51 58 19812 55 19 -15.6 -10.9 | 77 17 -16.6 -3.9 52 55 20117 75 12 -11.6 -3.1 | 107 13 -12.6 3.9 53 52 20422 75 16 -15.5 -4.1 | 100 17 -16.5 2.9 54 50 20710 75 29 -28.0 -7.5 | 89 29 -29.0 -0.5 55 50 20726 60 14 -12.1 -7.0 | 90 13 -13.1 0.0 56 47 21031 75 27 -26.1 -7.0 | 90 27 -27.1 0.0 57 43 21641 95 23 -22.9 2.0 | 111 26 -23.9 9.0 58 39 22250 85 21 -20.9 -1.8 | 103 23 -21.9 5.2 59 37 22555 115 29 -26.3 12.3 | 125 33 -27.3 19.3 60 35 22860 115 27 -24.5 11.4 | 126 31 -25.5 18.4 61 34 23165 85 21 -20.9 -1.8 | 103 23 -21.9 5.2 62 31 23774 70 16 -15.0 -5.5 | 95 16 -16.0 1.5 63 30 23880 70 41 -38.5 -14.0 | 80 40 -39.5 -7.0 64 29 24079 75 43 -41.5 -11.1 | 84 43 -42.5 -4.1 65 25 24994 85 33 -32.9 -2.9 | 97 34 -33.9 4.1 66 24 25298 75 33 -31.9 -8.5 | 87 33 -32.9 -1.5 67 22 25908 105 37 -35.7 9.6 | 114 40 -36.7 16.6 68 20 26470 95 41 -40.8 3.6 | 104 43 -41.8 10.6 69 18 26822 95 43 -42.8 3.7 | 104 45 -43.8 10.8 70 11 28651 105 29 -28.0 7.5 | 117 32 -29.0 14.5 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 321.8 at 9.4 knts Storm direction: 351.8 at 7.1 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 2.8 neg: 2.1 tot: 4.9 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 89.6 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 25.0 neg: -26.2 tot: -1.1 m^2/s^2 ave: -0.4 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: -0.31 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 8.2 stream: -2.6 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.01 Bulk Rich Number: 16.80 Bulk Shear: 3.37 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 353 9 356 2| 7.3 0.0 7.3| 0.0 -0.6 -0.6 -1.2 -0.99| 12.2-12.1 1000 348 9 334 2| 3.6 3.6 7.2| 0.0 -6.7 -6.7 -6.7 -0.97| 10.1 -9.8 1500 342 7 265 1| 2.4 3.4 5.9| 4.1 -12.5 -8.4 -5.6 -0.79| 9.0 -7.1 2000 325 7 253 3| 2.6 2.6 5.2| 14.7 -12.5 2.2 1.1 -0.51| 8.0 -4.1 2500 312 8 248 5| 2.1 2.5 4.5| 19.2 -26.2 -6.9 -2.8 -0.49| 8.0 -3.9 3000 311 8 247 5| 2.8 2.1 4.9| 25.0 -26.2 -1.1 -0.4 -0.31| 8.2 -2.6 4000 314 8 254 5| 2.1 1.7 3.9| 26.4 -30.4 -4.0 -1.0 -0.32| 6.8 -2.2 5000 319 8 259 5| 1.9 1.1 3.0| 29.1 -32.6 -3.6 -0.7 -0.23| 6.7 -1.6 6000 322 9 275 5| 1.9 1.1 3.0| 42.2 -41.3 0.9 0.2 -0.17| 6.7 -1.2 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//MMMD/skewt/MMMD.skewt.20251013.00.gif