UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025101212.upa.cvt Date: 1200Z 12 OCT 25 Searching for MMMD... Searching the city database file for: MMMD ... Date:1200Z 12 OCT 25 Station: MMMD WMO ident: 76644 Latitude: 20.98 Longitude: -89.65 Elevation: 10.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SFC 1010 10 21.2 20.7 97 0.5 20.9 90 1 293.5 296.3 293.7 337.3 15.39 1 1009 19 22.4 20.0 86 2.4 20.8 78 1 294.8 297.4 293.6 337.0 14.74 2 1003 76 24.8 20.3 76 4.5 21.6 6 3 297.7 300.4 294.7 341.5 15.11 3 1000 104 25.2 20.2 74 5.0 21.7 330 4 298.4 301.1 294.8 342.1 15.07 4 992 175 25.4 20.4 74 5.0 21.9 335 5 299.2 302.0 295.3 344.1 15.38 5 947 582 21.8 19.2 85 2.6 20.0 3 8 299.6 302.3 295.1 343.3 14.95 6 925 787 21.2 15.2 69 6.0 17.2 360 10 301.0 303.2 293.3 335.8 11.82 7 867 1342 18.2 9.2 56 9.0 12.7 352 14 303.5 305.0 291.3 328.7 8.45 8 850 1510 16.8 9.8 63 7.0 12.4 345 16 303.7 305.4 291.9 330.6 8.98 9 714 2971 6.2 3.4 82 2.8 4.6 204 7 307.6 308.9 291.3 328.5 6.86 10 711 3005 7.8 -4.2 42 12.0 2.0 200 6 309.7 310.5 289.4 322.1 3.94 11 710 3017 8.8 -8.2 29 17.0 1.2 199 6 311.0 311.5 288.8 320.2 2.90 12 709 3029 9.8 -13.2 18 23.0 0.4 197 6 312.2 312.6 288.3 318.6 1.95 13 700 3135 10.2 -26.8 6 37.0 -1.3 190 6 313.8 313.9 287.4 315.9 0.61 14 692 3230 10.4 205 4 315.0 15 629 4018 8.0 299 10 321.0 16 574 4765 4.8 -42.2 2 47.0 -6.1 336 13 325.8 325.8 290.7 326.4 0.16 17 500 5870 -3.3 -26.3 15 23.0 -10.2 340 12 329.0 329.2 292.3 332.2 0.89 18 469 6371 -7.7 -27.7 18 20.0 -13.2 323 7 329.6 329.8 292.4 332.7 0.84 19 431 7023 -11.3 -39.3 8 28.0 -16.8 337 13 333.1 333.2 292.9 334.2 0.29 20 400 7590 -16.3 -42.3 9 26.0 -20.6 345 18 333.8 333.9 293.0 334.7 0.23 21 310 9448 -32.5 -57.5 6 25.0 -34.1 335 21 336.4 336.4 293.4 336.6 0.05 22 306 9539 -31.9 -56.9 7 25.0 -33.7 341 26 338.5 338.5 294.0 338.7 0.06 23 305 9562 -32.1 -56.1 7 24.0 -33.8 342 27 338.5 338.5 294.0 338.8 0.06 24 300 9680 -28.7 -69.7 1 41.0 -31.2 350 33 344.9 344.9 295.5 345.0 0.01 25 299 9704 -28.7 -70.7 1 42.0 -31.2 350 33 345.3 345.3 295.6 345.3 0.01 26 250 10960 -37.9 -77.9 1 40.0 -39.2 345 23 349.7 349.7 296.5 349.7 0.00 27 200 12450 -51.9 -76.9 3 25.0 -52.3 295 21 350.6 350.6 296.8 350.6 0.01 28 178 13195 -58.9 -75.9 9 17.0 -59.1 302 27 351.0 351.0 296.8 351.0 0.01 29 155 14051 -65.7 -76.7 20 11.0 -65.8 327 30 353.6 353.6 297.4 353.6 0.01 30 150 14250 -66.9 -77.9 20 11.0 -67.0 335 29 354.8 354.8 297.7 354.9 0.01 31 133 14973 -68.7 -84.7 8 16.0 -68.8 356 25 364.1 364.1 299.5 364.1 0.00 32 102 16509 -82.1 -90.1 24 8.0 -82.1 320 18 367.0 367.0 300.0 367.0 0.00 33 100 16620 -81.7 -89.7 24 8.0 -81.7 335 19 369.9 369.9 300.5 369.9 0.00 34 95 16909 -81.3 -89.3 25 8.0 -81.3 7 18 376.1 376.1 301.6 376.1 0.00 35 94 16969 -77.1 -89.1 13 12.0 -77.1 11 19 385.5 385.5 303.1 385.5 0.00 36 83 17684 -77.5 -86.5 22 9.0 -77.5 45 20 398.7 398.7 305.0 398.7 0.00 37 70 18680 -70.3 -88.3 5 18.0 -70.4 50 18 434.0 434.0 309.3 434.0 0.00 38 66 19030 -71.9 -89.9 5 18.0 -72.0 73 15 437.9 437.9 309.7 437.9 0.00 39 56 20013 -67.1 -97.1 1 30.0 -67.3 105 12 469.9 469.9 312.6 469.9 0.00 40 50 20700 -66.9 -98.9 0 32.0 -67.1 85 8 485.8 485.8 313.9 485.8 0.00 41 34 23055 -61.9 -94.9 0 33.0 -62.6 95 38 555.6 555.6 318.4 555.6 0.00 42 30 23840 -55.5 -90.5 1 35.0 -57.0 95 33 593.3 593.3 320.3 593.4 0.00 43 27 24514 -52.5 -88.5 1 36.0 -54.7 93 30 619.9 619.9 321.5 620.0 0.01 44 24 25270 -54.1 -89.1 1 35.0 -56.2 88 32 636.5 636.5 322.2 636.5 0.01 45 20 26450 -49.3 -85.3 1 36.0 -53.0 85 21 685.3 685.3 324.0 685.4 0.01 46 16 27913 -49.3 -85.3 1 36.0 -53.6 88 24 730.4 730.4 325.4 730.6 0.02 TRP 102 16509 -82.1 -90.1 24 8.0 -82.1 320 18 367.0 367.0 300.0 367.0 0.00 WND Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5766.00 m Freezing level: 530.15 mb = 5419.84 m = 17781.41 ft Wetbulb zero: 706.80 mb = 3054.49 m = 10021.18 ft Precipitable water: 1.29 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 52.38 % Est. max temperature: 31.31 C = 88.36 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 1002.98 mb = 75.82 m = 248.75 ft T: 24.80 C 700-500 lapse rate: 4.94 C/km ThetaE index: 15.36 C Layer 947.0- 850.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 847.21 mb = 1537.53 m = 5044.34 ft Mean mixing ratio: 14.15 g/kg Conv temperature: 31.54 C = 88.77 F Cap Strength: 5.01 C Lifted Index: 3.07 C Risk: None Lifted Index @300 mb: 4.80 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 2.21 C Showalter Index: 7.64 C Risk: None Total Totals Index: 33.20 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 20.10 C Cross Totals Index: 13.10 C K Index: -7.10 Risk: None Sweat Index: 161.60 Risk: None Energy Index: 0.50 Risk: None Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 77.15 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 12.42 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 63.40 J/kg Cap Strength: 4.95 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 900.50 mb = 1016.96 m = 3336.43 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): 795.50 mb = 2065.13 m = 6775.27 ft Equ Level (EL): 705.50 mb = 3069.85 m = 10071.57 ft B at Equ Level: 51.83 J/kg Max Parcel Lev (MPL): 665.50 mb = 3552.32 m = 11654.45 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 353 at 7 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 1010 10 90 1 -1.0 0.0 | 165 8 -1.9 7.4 1 1000 104 330 4 2.0 -3.5 | 196 4 1.1 3.9 2 944 610 5 8 -0.7 -8.0 | 69 2 -1.6 -0.6 3 925 787 360 10 -0.0 -10.0 | 19 3 -0.9 -2.6 4 911 914 10 10 -1.7 -9.8 | 47 4 -2.7 -2.5 5 850 1510 345 16 4.1 -15.5 | 338 9 3.2 -8.1 6 849 1524 340 16 5.5 -15.0 | 329 9 4.6 -7.7 7 789 2134 300 14 12.1 -7.0 | 268 11 11.2 0.4 8 707 3048 195 6 1.6 5.8 | 183 13 0.6 13.1 9 700 3135 190 6 1.0 5.9 | 181 13 0.1 13.3 10 681 3353 225 2 1.4 1.4 | 183 9 0.5 8.8 11 656 3658 320 6 3.9 -4.6 | 227 4 2.9 2.8 12 632 3962 300 10 8.7 -5.0 | 253 8 7.7 2.4 13 609 4267 290 10 9.4 -3.4 | 245 9 8.5 3.9 14 587 4572 345 12 3.1 -11.6 | 333 5 2.2 -4.2 15 565 4877 330 14 7.0 -12.1 | 308 8 6.1 -4.8 16 544 5182 280 6 5.9 -1.0 | 218 8 5.0 6.3 17 524 5486 325 10 5.7 -8.2 | 280 5 4.8 -0.8 18 500 5870 340 12 4.1 -11.3 | 321 5 3.2 -3.9 19 486 6096 345 12 3.1 -11.6 | 333 5 2.2 -4.2 20 467 6401 320 6 3.9 -4.6 | 227 4 2.9 2.8 21 415 7315 345 16 4.1 -15.5 | 338 9 3.2 -8.1 22 400 7590 345 18 4.7 -17.4 | 340 11 3.7 -10.0 23 351 8534 350 25 4.3 -24.6 | 349 18 3.4 -17.3 24 310 9449 335 21 8.9 -19.0 | 326 14 8.0 -11.7 25 300 9680 350 33 5.7 -32.5 | 349 26 4.8 -25.1 26 284 10058 355 33 2.9 -32.9 | 356 26 2.0 -25.5 27 250 10960 345 23 6.0 -22.2 | 341 16 5.0 -14.9 28 250 10973 345 23 6.0 -22.2 | 341 16 5.0 -14.9 29 228 11582 305 18 14.7 -10.3 | 282 14 13.8 -3.0 30 200 12450 295 21 19.0 -8.9 | 275 18 18.1 -1.5 31 199 12497 285 21 20.3 -5.4 | 264 19 19.4 1.9 32 163 13716 315 31 21.9 -21.9 | 305 26 21.0 -14.6 33 150 14250 335 29 12.3 -26.3 | 329 22 11.3 -18.9 34 127 15240 5 23 -2.0 -22.9 | 11 16 -2.9 -15.6 35 120 15545 345 10 2.6 -9.7 | 324 3 1.7 -2.3 36 114 15850 290 12 11.3 -4.1 | 253 11 10.4 3.2 37 103 16459 295 14 12.7 -5.9 | 263 12 11.8 1.4 38 102 16509 320 18 11.6 -13.8 | 301 12 10.7 -6.4 39 100 16620 335 19 8.0 -17.2 | 324 12 7.1 -9.9 40 98 16764 360 18 -0.0 -18.0 | 5 11 -0.9 -10.6 41 83 17678 45 21 -14.8 -14.8 | 65 17 -15.8 -7.5 42 79 17983 50 8 -6.1 -5.1 | 107 7 -7.0 2.2 43 75 18288 60 10 -8.7 -5.0 | 104 10 -9.6 2.4 44 71 18593 30 16 -8.0 -13.9 | 54 11 -8.9 -6.5 45 70 18680 50 18 -13.8 -11.6 | 74 15 -14.7 -4.2 46 68 18898 60 18 -15.6 -9.0 | 84 17 -16.5 -1.6 47 64 19202 90 12 -12.0 0.0 | 120 15 -12.9 7.4 48 58 19812 115 16 -14.5 6.8 | 132 21 -15.4 14.1 49 55 20117 100 10 -9.8 1.7 | 130 14 -10.8 9.1 50 52 20422 90 16 -16.0 0.0 | 113 18 -16.9 7.4 51 50 20700 85 8 -8.0 -0.7 | 127 11 -8.9 6.7 52 50 20726 105 14 -13.5 3.6 | 127 18 -14.4 11.0 53 47 21031 65 10 -9.1 -4.2 | 107 10 -10.0 3.1 54 45 21336 60 19 -16.5 -9.5 | 83 18 -17.4 -2.1 55 37 22555 95 33 -32.9 2.9 | 107 35 -33.8 10.2 56 33 23165 95 39 -38.9 3.4 | 105 41 -39.8 10.8 57 30 23774 110 33 -31.0 11.3 | 120 37 -31.9 18.6 58 30 23840 95 33 -32.9 2.9 | 107 35 -33.8 10.2 59 29 24079 85 33 -32.9 -2.9 | 98 34 -33.8 4.5 60 28 24384 100 31 -30.5 5.4 | 112 34 -31.4 12.7 61 26 24689 85 29 -28.9 -2.5 | 99 30 -29.8 4.8 62 25 24994 100 29 -28.6 5.0 | 113 32 -29.5 12.4 63 23 25603 75 35 -33.8 -9.1 | 87 35 -34.7 -1.7 64 22 25908 100 31 -30.5 5.4 | 112 34 -31.4 12.7 65 20 26450 85 21 -20.9 -1.8 | 104 23 -21.8 5.5 66 14 27737 90 27 -27.0 0.0 | 105 29 -27.9 7.4 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 322.9 at 9.9 knts Storm direction: 352.9 at 7.4 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 0.7 neg: 1.8 tot: 2.5 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 19.7 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 5.2 neg: -106.9 tot: -101.7 m^2/s^2 ave: -33.9 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: -0.69 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 9.2 stream: -6.3 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.00 Bulk Rich Number: 17.87 Bulk Shear: 4.32 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 348 5 183 2| 0.0 7.5 7.5| 4.2 -0.3 3.9 7.7 0.18| 9.3 1.7 1000 359 7 101 1| 2.0 3.8 5.8| 5.2 -2.4 2.7 2.7 -0.04| 7.7 -0.3 1500 356 9 8 2| 1.4 4.6 6.0| 5.2 -11.0 -5.8 -3.9 -0.27| 7.6 -2.0 2000 345 11 329 4| 1.0 3.8 4.8| 5.2 -35.2 -30.0 -15.0 -0.49| 8.2 -4.0 2500 333 11 303 5| 0.8 2.9 3.7| 5.2 -72.1 -66.9 -26.8 -0.62| 9.0 -5.6 3000 328 11 291 5| 0.7 1.8 2.5| 5.2-106.9-101.7 -33.9 -0.69| 9.2 -6.3 4000 323 9 273 5| 2.0 1.4 3.3| 21.0-110.2 -89.2 -22.3 -0.41| 9.1 -3.8 5000 322 10 275 5| 2.1 1.6 3.7| 36.4-126.6 -90.2 -18.0 -0.32| 9.4 -3.0 6000 323 10 276 5| 2.2 1.3 3.5| 51.8-137.4 -85.6 -14.3 -0.22| 9.2 -2.1 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//MMMD/skewt/MMMD.skewt.20251012.12.gif