UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025100712.upa.cvt Date: 1200Z 7 OCT 25 Searching for MMMD... Searching the city database file for: MMMD ... Date:1200Z 7 OCT 25 Station: MMMD WMO ident: 76644 Latitude: 20.98 Longitude: -89.65 Elevation: 10.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SFC 1013 10 23.0 22.3 96 0.7 22.5 80 2 295.1 298.1 295.2 343.7 16.97 1 1000 127 23.2 21.8 92 1.4 22.2 90 14 296.4 299.4 295.4 344.4 16.66 2 991 206 24.2 20.8 81 3.4 21.8 91 15 298.1 301.0 295.3 344.0 15.79 3 942 650 23.0 18.4 75 4.6 19.8 98 22 301.3 303.9 295.1 343.3 14.28 4 925 809 22.0 18.2 79 3.8 19.4 100 25 301.8 304.4 295.3 344.1 14.36 5 850 1542 17.4 14.4 83 3.0 15.4 110 23 304.4 306.6 294.5 340.8 12.23 6 700 3179 8.8 6.1 83 2.7 7.2 110 21 312.2 313.8 293.9 338.4 8.47 7 675 3479 6.4 5.8 96 0.6 6.1 107 22 312.8 314.4 294.2 339.5 8.61 8 624 4123 4.2 1.4 82 2.8 2.6 112 22 317.4 318.7 294.1 339.0 6.80 9 600 4441 1.8 1.0 94 0.8 1.4 109 20 318.2 319.5 294.3 340.1 6.88 10 575 4785 1.8 -1.0 82 2.8 0.3 94 19 322.1 323.3 294.8 342.2 6.20 11 538 5319 -2.1 -2.8 95 0.7 -2.4 94 20 323.6 324.8 294.9 342.6 5.80 12 503 5853 -4.1 -7.4 78 3.3 -5.7 78 14 327.5 328.4 294.8 342.1 4.36 13 500 5900 -4.3 -7.7 77 3.4 -5.9 80 12 327.8 328.7 294.8 342.2 4.29 14 448 6755 -9.7 -11.2 89 1.5 -10.4 80 15 331.5 332.2 295.3 343.9 3.63 15 400 7620 -14.9 -17.2 83 2.3 -15.7 80 18 335.6 336.1 295.4 344.4 2.48 16 367 8267 -19.3 -21.3 84 2.0 -19.9 77 15 338.1 338.5 295.5 345.0 1.90 17 358 8452 -20.3 -22.5 83 2.2 -21.0 67 13 339.2 339.6 295.6 345.6 1.76 18 344 8747 -21.7 -29.7 48 8.0 -23.5 51 9 341.2 341.4 295.4 344.8 0.95 19 300 9740 -30.1 -35.0 62 4.9 -30.9 150 4 343.0 343.1 295.6 345.5 0.65 20 285 10100 -33.3 -36.1 76 2.8 -33.7 155 6 343.4 343.6 295.7 345.8 0.61 21 260 10733 -37.9 -47.9 34 10.0 -38.7 202 12 345.8 345.9 295.9 346.6 0.19 22 250 11000 -40.1 -49.1 38 9.0 -40.8 200 21 346.4 346.5 296.0 347.2 0.18 23 248 11055 -40.7 -48.7 42 8.0 -41.3 199 21 346.4 346.4 296.0 347.1 0.18 24 240 11279 -41.9 -53.9 26 12.0 -42.6 195 22 347.8 347.8 296.3 348.2 0.10 25 206 12298 -51.1 -67.1 13 16.0 -51.5 198 23 348.9 348.9 296.4 349.0 0.02 26 200 12490 -52.9 -67.9 15 15.0 -53.2 200 23 349.0 349.0 296.4 349.1 0.02 27 159 13920 -65.9 -75.9 24 10.0 -66.0 195 26 350.7 350.7 296.8 350.7 0.01 28 150 14270 -69.1 -76.1 36 7.0 -69.1 205 25 351.1 351.1 296.8 351.1 0.01 29 139 14721 -72.9 -77.6 49 4.7 -72.9 235 15 352.1 352.1 297.1 352.1 0.01 30 121 15525 -78.1 -82.4 50 4.3 -78.1 138 6 356.8 356.8 298.1 356.9 0.00 31 112 15965 -79.3 -83.0 54 3.7 -79.3 65 10 362.6 362.6 299.2 362.6 0.00 32 100 16610 -78.7 -83.1 48 4.4 -78.7 25 16 375.7 375.7 301.5 375.7 0.00 33 88 17339 -78.3 -84.3 37 6.0 -78.3 23 28 390.5 390.5 303.9 390.5 0.00 34 80 17893 -71.5 -83.5 15 12.0 -71.6 46 25 415.3 415.3 307.2 415.3 0.00 35 70 18680 -72.3 -90.3 5 18.0 -72.4 90 16 429.7 429.7 308.8 429.7 0.00 36 67 18937 -72.9 -89.9 6 17.0 -73.0 97 16 433.8 433.8 309.3 433.8 0.00 37 50 20660 -70.5 -96.5 1 26.0 -70.6 55 21 477.4 477.4 313.2 477.4 0.00 38 48 20904 -66.5 -96.5 1 30.0 -66.8 61 22 492.5 492.5 314.4 492.5 0.00 39 41 21872 -60.5 -94.5 0 34.0 -61.2 83 27 530.2 530.2 316.9 530.2 0.00 40 36 22687 -57.3 -91.3 1 34.0 -58.3 76 27 558.5 558.5 318.6 558.5 0.00 41 32 23427 -60.1 -94.1 0 34.0 -61.0 77 42 570.2 570.2 319.2 570.2 0.00 42 30 23830 -59.1 -93.1 0 34.0 -60.1 80 41 583.5 583.5 319.8 583.5 0.00 43 27 24495 -58.9 -92.9 0 34.0 -60.0 80 38 601.9 601.9 320.7 601.9 0.00 44 26 24735 -55.5 -90.5 1 35.0 -57.2 83 40 618.1 618.1 321.4 618.1 0.00 45 20 26430 -52.1 -88.1 1 36.0 -55.0 95 35 676.7 676.7 323.7 676.8 0.01 46 19 26762 -52.3 -88.3 1 36.0 -55.3 95 35 686.1 686.1 324.0 686.1 0.01 47 17 27489 -47.9 -84.9 1 37.0 -52.5 91 35 722.4 722.4 325.1 722.5 0.02 48 13 29266 -45.9 -82.9 1 37.0 -52.2 69 32 786.9 786.9 326.9 787.2 0.03 TRP 112 15965 -79.3 -83.0 54 3.7 -79.3 65 10 362.6 362.6 299.2 362.6 0.00 WND Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5773.00 m Freezing level: 557.92 mb = 5031.47 m = 16507.25 ft Wetbulb zero: 571.51 mb = 4833.97 m = 15859.30 ft Precipitable water: 2.28 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 84.81 % Est. max temperature: 31.89 C = 89.40 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 1003.10 mb = 98.99 m = 324.76 ft T: 23.15 C 700-500 lapse rate: 4.81 C/km ThetaE index: 5.71 C Layer 850.0- 675.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 856.30 mb = 1478.00 m = 4849.02 ft Mean mixing ratio: 15.13 g/kg Conv temperature: 32.13 C = 89.83 F Cap Strength: 2.50 C Lifted Index: 0.95 C Risk: Showers probable Lifted Index @300 mb: 1.73 C Lifted Index @700 mb: -0.07 C Showalter Index: 2.13 C Risk: Showers probable Total Totals Index: 40.40 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 21.70 C Cross Totals Index: 18.70 C K Index: 33.40 Risk: 60-80 % chance of thunderstorms Sweat Index: 230.80 Risk: None Energy Index: 0.20 Risk: None Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 45.99 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 9.59 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 88.74 J/kg Cap Strength: 2.50 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 914.41 mb = 908.78 m = 2981.54 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): 699.41 mb = 3185.92 m = 10452.36 ft Equ Level (EL): 579.41 mb = 4723.33 m = 15496.30 ft B at Equ Level: 43.12 J/kg Max Parcel Lev (MPL): 439.41 mb = 6902.76 m = 22646.57 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 133 at 16 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 1013 10 80 2 -2.0 -0.3 | 320 14 9.3 -11.0 1 1000 127 90 14 -14.0 0.0 | 14 11 -2.7 -10.7 2 925 809 100 25 -24.6 4.3 | 65 15 -13.3 -6.3 3 914 914 100 29 -28.6 5.0 | 72 18 -17.3 -5.6 4 850 1542 110 23 -21.6 7.9 | 75 11 -10.3 -2.8 5 764 2438 105 19 -18.4 4.9 | 51 9 -7.0 -5.8 6 737 2743 120 23 -19.9 11.5 | 95 9 -8.6 0.8 7 700 3179 110 21 -19.7 7.2 | 67 9 -8.4 -3.5 8 660 3658 105 23 -22.2 6.0 | 67 12 -10.9 -4.7 9 612 4267 115 21 -19.0 8.9 | 77 8 -7.7 -1.8 10 567 4877 90 18 -18.0 0.0 | 32 13 -6.7 -10.7 11 526 5486 95 21 -20.9 1.8 | 47 13 -9.6 -8.8 12 507 5791 75 16 -15.5 -4.1 | 16 15 -4.1 -14.8 13 500 5900 80 12 -11.8 -2.1 | 2 13 -0.5 -12.8 14 400 7620 80 18 -17.7 -3.1 | 25 15 -6.4 -13.8 15 400 7620 80 18 -17.7 -3.1 | 25 15 -6.4 -13.8 16 384 7925 95 19 -18.9 1.7 | 40 12 -7.6 -9.0 17 339 8839 45 8 -5.7 -5.7 | 341 17 5.6 -16.3 18 325 9144 60 8 -6.9 -4.0 | 343 15 4.4 -14.7 19 300 9740 150 4 -2.0 3.5 | 308 12 9.3 -7.2 20 299 9754 145 2 -1.1 1.6 | 312 14 10.2 -9.0 21 286 10058 150 6 -3.0 5.2 | 303 10 8.3 -5.5 22 274 10363 190 8 1.4 7.9 | 282 13 12.7 -2.8 23 251 10973 210 14 7.0 12.1 | 265 18 18.3 1.4 24 250 11000 200 21 7.2 19.7 | 244 21 18.5 9.1 25 229 11582 190 23 4.0 22.7 | 232 19 15.3 12.0 26 200 12490 200 23 7.9 21.6 | 240 22 19.2 10.9 27 164 13716 185 25 2.2 24.9 | 223 20 13.5 14.2 28 156 14021 200 27 9.2 25.4 | 234 25 20.5 14.7 29 150 14270 205 25 10.6 22.7 | 241 25 21.9 12.0 30 127 15240 270 2 2.0 -0.0 | 309 17 13.3 -10.7 31 120 15545 125 6 -4.9 3.4 | 319 10 6.4 -7.2 32 112 15965 65 10 -9.1 -4.2 | 351 15 2.2 -14.9 33 108 16154 55 10 -8.2 -5.7 | 349 17 3.1 -16.4 34 103 16459 55 10 -8.2 -5.7 | 349 17 3.1 -16.4 35 100 16610 25 16 -6.8 -14.5 | 350 26 4.5 -25.2 36 97 16764 25 16 -6.8 -14.5 | 350 26 4.5 -25.2 37 92 17069 360 10 -0.0 -10.0 | 331 24 11.3 -20.7 38 88 17374 25 29 -12.3 -26.3 | 1 37 -0.9 -37.0 39 83 17678 20 29 -9.9 -27.3 | 358 38 1.4 -37.9 40 71 18593 125 14 -11.5 8.0 | 3 3 -0.2 -2.6 41 70 18680 90 16 -16.0 0.0 | 24 12 -4.7 -10.7 42 67 18898 100 14 -13.8 2.4 | 17 9 -2.5 -8.2 43 64 19202 80 31 -30.5 -5.4 | 50 25 -19.2 -16.1 44 61 19507 60 27 -23.4 -13.5 | 27 27 -12.1 -24.2 45 52 20422 75 33 -31.9 -8.5 | 47 28 -20.6 -19.2 46 50 20660 55 21 -17.2 -12.0 | 15 23 -5.9 -22.7 47 49 20726 55 21 -17.2 -12.0 | 15 23 -5.9 -22.7 48 43 21641 85 27 -26.9 -2.4 | 50 20 -15.6 -13.0 49 35 22860 75 27 -26.1 -7.0 | 40 23 -14.8 -17.7 50 33 23165 55 47 -38.5 -27.0 | 36 46 -27.2 -37.6 51 32 23470 80 41 -40.4 -7.1 | 59 34 -29.1 -17.8 52 30 23830 80 41 -40.4 -7.1 | 59 34 -29.1 -17.8 53 26 24689 80 37 -36.4 -6.4 | 56 30 -25.1 -17.1 54 25 24994 95 53 -52.8 4.6 | 82 42 -41.5 -6.1 55 24 25298 100 41 -40.4 7.1 | 83 29 -29.1 -3.6 56 20 26430 95 35 -34.9 3.1 | 72 25 -23.6 -7.6 57 18 26822 95 35 -34.9 3.1 | 72 25 -23.6 -7.6 58 12 28346 60 31 -26.8 -15.5 | 31 30 -15.5 -26.2 59 8 29566 55 35 -28.7 -20.1 | 29 35 -17.4 -30.8 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 103.4 at 20.7 knts Storm direction: 133.4 at 15.6 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 3.9 neg: 0.4 tot: 4.3 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 118.1 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 95.8 neg: -14.9 tot: 80.9 m^2/s^2 ave: 27.0 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.54 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 8.1 stream: 4.4 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.02 Bulk Rich Number: 7.97 Bulk Shear: 5.77 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 93 15 20 11| 18.8 0.0 18.8| 53.9 0.0 53.9 107.8 0.96| 19.3 18.6 1000 97 20 46 12| 13.5 0.0 13.5| 80.1 0.0 80.1 80.1 0.86| 14.8 12.8 1500 100 22 56 12| 7.4 0.0 7.4| 82.3 0.0 82.3 54.9 0.73| 11.9 8.7 2000 102 22 59 12| 5.6 0.7 6.2| 82.3 -5.7 76.6 38.3 0.62| 9.6 6.0 2500 103 21 59 11| 4.2 0.5 4.8| 85.5 -10.3 75.2 30.1 0.56| 8.4 4.7 3000 105 22 62 11| 3.9 0.4 4.3| 95.8 -14.9 80.9 27.0 0.54| 8.1 4.4 4000 106 22 64 11| 2.9 0.5 3.4| 98.7 -19.2 79.5 19.9 0.46| 6.9 3.2 5000 106 21 62 10| 2.3 1.2 3.5|101.8 -38.6 63.2 12.6 0.29| 6.6 1.9 6000 103 21 56 11| 2.1 1.6 3.7|110.6 -77.8 32.8 5.5 0.13| 6.7 0.9 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//MMMD/skewt/MMMD.skewt.20251007.12.gif