UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025042312.upa.cvt Date: 1200Z 23 APR 25 Searching for MMMD... Searching the city database file for: MMMD ... Date:1200Z 23 APR 25 Station: MMMD WMO ident: 76644 Latitude: 20.98 Longitude: -89.65 Elevation: 10.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SFC 1015 10 24.0 21.3 85 2.7 22.1 90 8 295.9 298.8 294.7 341.7 15.90 1 1000 146 23.0 20.4 85 2.6 21.2 105 16 296.1 298.9 294.3 340.1 15.26 2 991 225 23.6 20.8 84 2.8 21.6 106 17 297.5 300.4 295.1 343.3 15.79 3 925 825 19.2 17.6 90 1.6 18.1 110 25 298.9 301.5 294.1 339.2 13.82 4 908 985 17.8 17.2 96 0.6 17.4 120 23 299.1 301.6 294.1 339.1 13.72 5 850 1548 14.8 12.0 83 2.8 13.0 130 23 301.6 303.6 292.4 332.4 10.42 6 835 1698 14.0 10.4 79 3.6 11.7 129 21 302.3 304.1 291.9 330.6 9.53 7 827 1779 14.6 4.6 51 10.0 8.9 128 19 303.8 305.0 289.8 323.2 6.44 8 795 2112 14.6 -14.4 12 29.0 3.0 125 14 307.3 307.6 286.2 312.4 1.57 9 756 2535 12.6 -26.4 5 39.0 0.3 129 10 309.5 309.7 285.9 311.6 0.58 10 742 2692 13.2 159 5 311.9 11 700 3179 10.6 -32.4 3 43.0 -1.5 140 4 314.2 314.3 287.2 315.5 0.36 12 675 3481 8.8 -25.2 7 34.0 -2.1 328 4 315.5 315.6 288.1 318.0 0.73 13 619 4189 2.0 -14.0 29 16.0 -4.3 357 6 315.6 316.0 289.5 322.5 2.09 14 595 4507 -0.7 -15.7 31 15.0 -6.2 24 5 316.1 316.4 289.5 322.3 1.89 15 580 4712 0.0 -27.0 11 27.0 -7.8 13 6 319.2 319.3 289.3 321.7 0.72 16 536 5342 -2.3 -44.3 2 42.0 -10.5 355 20 323.7 323.8 290.0 324.3 0.14 17 500 5890 -6.5 -35.5 8 29.0 -13.0 330 29 325.1 325.2 290.7 326.5 0.37 18 487 6094 -8.3 -36.3 8 28.0 -14.2 320 23 325.4 325.4 290.7 326.7 0.35 19 443 6819 -12.9 -48.9 3 36.0 -18.1 332 29 328.5 328.5 291.4 328.9 0.10 20 430 7045 -13.3 -57.3 1 44.0 -18.7 334 31 330.8 330.8 292.0 330.9 0.04 21 400 7590 -16.5 -52.5 3 36.0 -21.0 320 37 333.5 333.6 292.7 333.8 0.07 22 394 7703 -17.1 -53.1 3 36.0 -21.5 315 38 334.2 334.2 292.9 334.5 0.07 23 339 8810 -25.9 -42.9 19 17.0 -28.1 319 53 336.9 337.0 293.8 337.9 0.26 24 300 9680 -33.3 -50.3 17 17.0 -34.7 310 58 338.4 338.5 294.1 339.0 0.13 25 279 10184 -37.5 -52.5 19 15.0 -38.5 306 59 339.5 339.5 294.3 339.9 0.11 26 250 10930 -43.1 -64.1 8 21.0 -43.9 300 60 342.0 342.0 294.8 342.1 0.03 27 246 11038 -43.9 -65.9 7 22.0 -44.6 299 61 342.4 342.4 294.9 342.5 0.02 28 213 11992 -50.3 -62.3 23 12.0 -50.7 289 69 346.8 346.8 296.0 347.0 0.04 29 200 12400 -53.9 -65.9 22 12.0 -54.2 285 72 347.4 347.4 296.1 347.5 0.03 30 168 13498 -62.5 -73.7 21 11.2 -62.6 280 72 350.8 350.8 296.8 350.9 0.01 31 162 13721 -64.3 -75.3 21 11.0 -64.4 280 72 351.5 351.5 297.0 351.5 0.01 32 150 14190 -66.3 -79.3 15 13.0 -66.4 290 45 355.9 355.9 297.9 355.9 0.00 33 104 16354 -76.9 -87.9 16 11.0 -76.9 310 41 374.9 374.9 301.4 374.9 0.00 34 100 16580 -76.1 -89.1 11 13.0 -76.2 315 25 380.7 380.7 302.3 380.7 0.00 35 88 17315 -78.5 -89.5 15 11.0 -78.5 253 12 390.1 390.1 303.8 390.1 0.00 36 84 17582 -76.3 -89.3 11 13.0 -76.3 252 18 399.8 399.8 305.2 399.8 0.00 37 74 18309 -78.5 -90.5 12 12.0 -78.6 286 18 409.9 409.9 306.5 409.9 0.00 38 71 18548 -75.3 -90.3 8 15.0 -75.3 296 8 421.6 421.6 307.9 421.6 0.00 39 70 18630 -75.1 -90.1 8 15.0 -75.2 300 4 423.7 423.7 308.2 423.7 0.00 40 66 18971 -76.5 -90.5 9 14.0 -76.6 234 4 427.9 427.9 308.6 427.9 0.00 41 58 19721 -74.5 -91.5 6 17.0 -74.6 296 11 448.5 448.5 310.7 448.5 0.00 42 51 20481 -69.5 -92.5 2 23.0 -69.6 322 11 477.0 477.0 313.2 477.0 0.00 43 50 20600 -66.7 -92.7 1 26.0 -67.0 20 14 486.3 486.3 314.0 486.3 0.00 44 48 20848 -64.9 -92.9 1 28.0 -65.2 43 18 496.3 496.3 314.7 496.3 0.00 45 35 22802 -58.5 -92.5 1 34.0 -59.5 126 2 559.9 559.9 318.6 559.9 0.00 46 32 23364 -59.3 -93.3 0 34.0 -60.3 27 13 572.3 572.3 319.3 572.3 0.00 47 30 23770 -57.5 -91.5 1 34.0 -58.7 105 8 587.9 587.9 320.0 587.9 0.00 48 27 24435 -56.7 -91.7 0 35.0 -58.2 75 12 608.1 608.1 321.0 608.1 0.00 49 24 25185 -53.7 -88.7 1 35.0 -55.9 72 12 637.7 637.7 322.2 637.7 0.01 50 23 25460 -50.3 -86.3 1 36.0 -53.4 113 11 655.5 655.5 322.9 655.5 0.01 51 20 26370 -50.5 -86.5 1 36.0 -53.8 140 10 681.6 681.6 323.8 681.7 0.01 52 19 26703 -52.1 -88.1 1 36.0 -55.1 128 11 686.7 686.7 324.0 686.8 0.01 53 17 27432 -46.9 -83.9 1 37.0 -51.9 158 6 725.6 725.6 325.2 725.7 0.02 54 16 27833 -47.3 -84.3 1 37.0 -52.3 162 5 737.0 737.0 325.6 737.1 0.02 55 14 28731 -40.1 -79.1 1 39.0 -48.8 136 15 790.1 790.1 327.0 790.6 0.05 TRP 104 16354 -76.9 -87.9 16 11.0 -76.9 310 41 374.9 374.9 301.4 374.9 0.00 WND 168 13498 -62.5 -73.7 21 11.2 -62.6 280 72 350.8 350.8 296.8 350.9 0.01 Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5744.00 m Freezing level: 601.22 mb = 4424.83 m = 14516.99 ft Freezing level: 580.00 mb = 4711.72 m = 15458.21 ft Freezing level: 580.00 mb = 4711.72 m = 15458.21 ft Wetbulb zero: 746.36 mb = 2642.88 m = 8670.75 ft Precipitable water: 1.15 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 37.77 % Est. max temperature: 29.11 C = 84.39 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 976.11 mb = 356.98 m = 1171.18 ft T: 22.63 C 700-500 lapse rate: 6.31 C/km ThetaE index: 31.73 C Layer 925.0- 742.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 918.23 mb = 888.23 m = 2914.10 ft Mean mixing ratio: 14.87 g/kg Conv temperature: 27.13 C = 80.84 F Cap Strength: 2.93 C Lifted Index: -0.13 C Risk: Thunderstorms probable Lifted Index @300 mb: 0.14 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 2.61 C Showalter Index: 3.62 C Risk: None Total Totals Index: 39.80 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 21.30 C Cross Totals Index: 18.50 C K Index: -9.70 Risk: None Sweat Index: 219.00 Risk: None Energy Index: -1.01 Risk: Scattered severe thunderstorms Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 78.98 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 12.57 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 7.77 J/kg Cap Strength: 2.84 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 933.80 mb = 742.56 m = 2436.19 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): 898.80 mb = 1071.46 m = 3515.24 ft Equ Level (EL): 818.80 mb = 1863.33 m = 6113.21 ft B at Equ Level: 20.90 J/kg Max Parcel Lev (MPL): 768.80 mb = 2394.00 m = 7854.23 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 108 at 10 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 1015 10 90 8 -8.0 0.0 | 330 4 1.9 -3.3 1 1000 146 105 16 -15.5 4.1 | 99 6 -5.6 0.9 2 925 825 110 25 -23.5 8.6 | 111 15 -13.6 5.3 3 883 1219 135 21 -14.8 14.8 | 157 13 -5.0 11.6 4 850 1548 130 23 -17.6 14.8 | 146 14 -7.8 11.5 5 793 2134 125 14 -11.5 8.0 | 161 5 -1.6 4.8 6 765 2438 110 12 -11.3 4.1 | 120 2 -1.4 0.8 7 737 2743 170 4 -0.7 3.9 | 266 9 9.2 0.7 8 711 3048 135 2 -1.4 1.4 | 282 9 8.4 -1.9 9 700 3179 140 4 -2.6 3.1 | 272 7 7.3 -0.2 10 685 3353 320 4 2.6 -3.1 | 297 14 12.4 -6.3 11 635 3962 360 6 -0.0 -6.0 | 313 14 9.9 -9.3 12 612 4267 355 6 0.5 -6.0 | 312 14 10.4 -9.2 13 589 4572 35 4 -2.3 -3.3 | 311 10 7.6 -6.5 14 567 4877 340 10 3.4 -9.4 | 314 18 13.3 -12.7 15 526 5486 360 23 -0.0 -23.0 | 339 28 9.9 -26.3 16 500 5890 330 29 14.5 -25.1 | 319 37 24.4 -28.4 17 487 6096 320 23 14.8 -17.6 | 310 32 24.6 -20.9 18 432 7010 335 31 13.1 -28.1 | 324 39 23.0 -31.4 19 400 7590 320 37 23.8 -28.3 | 313 46 33.6 -31.6 20 398 7620 315 37 26.2 -26.2 | 309 47 36.0 -29.4 21 323 9144 320 58 37.3 -44.4 | 315 67 47.1 -47.7 22 300 9680 310 58 44.4 -37.3 | 307 68 54.3 -40.5 23 250 10930 300 60 52.0 -30.0 | 298 70 61.8 -33.3 24 200 12400 285 72 69.5 -18.6 | 285 82 79.4 -21.9 25 188 12802 285 74 71.5 -19.2 | 285 84 81.3 -22.4 26 168 13498 280 72 70.9 -12.5 | 281 82 80.8 -15.8 27 162 13716 280 72 70.9 -12.5 | 281 82 80.8 -15.8 28 150 14190 290 45 42.3 -15.4 | 290 55 52.1 -18.7 29 147 14326 290 43 40.4 -14.7 | 290 53 50.3 -18.0 30 132 14935 280 43 42.3 -7.5 | 282 53 52.2 -10.7 31 119 15545 285 53 51.2 -13.7 | 286 63 61.0 -17.0 32 104 16354 310 41 31.4 -26.4 | 306 51 41.3 -29.6 33 100 16580 315 25 17.7 -17.7 | 307 35 27.5 -20.9 34 97 16764 315 25 17.7 -17.7 | 307 35 27.5 -20.9 35 92 17069 285 14 13.5 -3.6 | 286 24 23.4 -6.9 36 87 17374 245 12 10.9 5.1 | 265 21 20.7 1.8 37 83 17678 255 21 20.3 5.4 | 266 30 30.1 2.2 38 74 18288 285 19 18.4 -4.9 | 286 29 28.2 -8.2 39 70 18630 300 4 3.5 -2.0 | 292 14 13.3 -5.3 40 67 18898 205 2 0.8 1.8 | 278 11 10.7 -1.5 41 63 19202 320 8 5.1 -6.1 | 302 18 15.0 -9.4 42 60 19507 340 23 7.9 -21.6 | 325 31 17.7 -24.9 43 57 19812 280 6 5.9 -1.0 | 285 16 15.8 -4.3 44 54 20117 350 12 2.1 -11.8 | 322 19 11.9 -15.1 45 52 20422 290 10 9.4 -3.4 | 289 20 19.2 -6.7 46 50 20600 20 14 -4.8 -13.2 | 343 17 5.1 -16.4 47 47 21031 60 21 -18.2 -10.5 | 31 16 -8.3 -13.8 48 44 21336 80 14 -13.8 -2.4 | 35 7 -3.9 -5.7 49 42 21641 55 8 -6.6 -4.6 | 337 9 3.3 -7.9 50 40 21946 90 10 -10.0 0.0 | 3 3 -0.1 -3.3 51 38 22250 105 6 -5.8 1.6 | 293 4 4.1 -1.7 52 36 22555 105 2 -1.9 0.5 | 289 8 7.9 -2.7 53 35 22860 130 2 -1.5 1.3 | 283 9 8.3 -2.0 54 33 23165 20 10 -3.4 -9.4 | 333 14 6.4 -12.7 55 31 23470 30 14 -7.0 -12.1 | 350 16 2.9 -15.4 56 30 23770 105 8 -7.7 2.1 | 299 2 2.1 -1.2 57 29 24079 95 12 -12.0 1.0 | 43 3 -2.1 -2.2 58 27 24384 60 14 -12.1 -7.0 | 12 11 -2.3 -10.3 59 26 24689 135 6 -4.2 4.2 | 260 6 5.6 1.0 60 25 24994 75 12 -11.6 -3.1 | 15 7 -1.7 -6.4 61 24 25298 70 12 -11.3 -4.1 | 11 8 -1.4 -7.4 62 23 25603 145 10 -5.7 8.2 | 220 6 4.1 4.9 63 21 25908 100 10 -9.8 1.7 | 360 2 0.0 -1.5 64 20 26213 130 10 -7.7 6.4 | 215 4 2.2 3.2 65 20 26370 140 10 -6.4 7.7 | 218 6 3.4 4.4 66 19 26518 125 12 -9.8 6.9 | 180 4 0.0 3.6 67 16 27127 170 4 -0.7 3.9 | 266 9 9.2 0.7 68 15 27432 130 10 -7.7 6.4 | 215 4 2.2 3.2 69 13 28042 145 23 -13.2 18.8 | 168 16 -3.3 15.6 70 12 28346 120 8 -6.9 4.0 | 256 3 2.9 0.7 71 11 28651 105 12 -11.6 3.1 | 85 2 -1.7 -0.2 72 10 28956 35 14 -8.0 -11.5 | 353 15 1.8 -14.7 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 78.3 at 13.8 knts Storm direction: 108.3 at 10.4 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 1.9 neg: 2.2 tot: 4.1 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): -49.9 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 65.6 neg: -8.9 tot: 56.8 m^2/s^2 ave: 18.9 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.52 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 10.0 stream: 5.2 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.02 Bulk Rich Number: 10.22 Bulk Shear: 7.73 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 105 17 100 6| 13.8 0.0 13.8| 7.8 0.0 7.8 15.6 0.69| 15.0 10.3 1000 109 20 110 10| 8.7 0.0 8.7| 29.2 0.0 29.2 29.2 0.67| 12.3 8.2 1500 117 21 125 11| 6.0 0.0 6.0| 47.1 -6.8 40.3 26.9 0.61| 10.8 6.6 2000 120 20 131 10| 4.5 1.8 6.3| 49.9 -7.5 42.4 21.2 0.53| 9.9 5.2 2500 120 19 133 9| 3.6 2.6 6.2| 52.2 -8.9 43.4 17.3 0.48| 9.8 4.7 3000 121 17 139 7| 1.9 2.2 4.1| 65.6 -8.9 56.8 18.9 0.52| 10.0 5.2 4000 118 13 146 4| 1.3 2.5 3.8|102.7 -13.8 88.9 22.2 0.52| 9.6 5.0 5000 110 12 123 2| 1.3 3.0 4.3|115.5 -19.6 96.0 19.2 0.46| 9.2 4.2 6000 78 14 31 7| 0.8 3.3 4.1|166.3-147.5 18.8 3.1 0.29| 10.2 2.9 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//MMMD/skewt/MMMD.skewt.20250423.12.gif