UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025041712.upa.cvt Date: 1200Z 17 APR 25 Searching for MMMD... Searching the city database file for: MMMD ... Date:1200Z 17 APR 25 Station: MMMD WMO ident: 76644 Latitude: 20.98 Longitude: -89.65 Elevation: 10.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SFC 1019 10 21.4 18.2 82 3.2 19.2 100 6 293.0 295.3 291.7 329.9 13.01 1 1000 175 22.2 17.2 73 5.0 18.8 105 19 295.4 297.6 292.0 331.1 12.44 2 947 648 18.8 18.2 96 0.6 18.4 126 17 296.5 299.1 293.6 337.0 14.02 3 925 851 18.2 13.7 75 4.5 15.3 135 16 297.9 299.9 291.5 329.1 10.71 4 924 860 18.2 13.9 76 4.3 15.4 126 15 298.0 300.0 291.6 329.6 10.86 5 921 888 18.0 14.1 78 3.9 15.5 100 10 298.1 300.1 291.7 330.2 11.05 6 910 992 20.0 5.0 37 15.0 11.5 50 7 301.2 302.3 288.5 319.1 6.01 7 908 1011 20.6 -1.4 23 22.0 9.4 43 7 302.0 302.7 286.6 313.5 3.80 8 905 1039 20.8 -0.2 25 21.0 9.8 34 7 302.5 303.2 287.1 315.1 4.16 9 890 1184 19.2 10.2 56 9.0 13.6 347 8 302.3 303.9 291.3 328.4 8.81 10 869 1389 17.6 10.6 64 7.0 13.2 349 9 302.7 304.4 291.7 330.2 9.27 11 855 1528 17.2 6.2 48 11.0 10.8 1 10 303.7 304.9 290.2 324.6 6.97 12 850 1578 17.6 2.6 37 15.0 9.3 5 10 304.6 305.6 289.0 321.1 5.43 13 842 1658 18.0 -8.0 16 26.0 6.1 32 13 305.8 306.3 286.6 313.7 2.48 14 841 1669 18.0 -10.0 14 28.0 5.7 35 13 305.9 306.3 286.3 312.7 2.12 15 822 1863 18.0 -18.0 7 36.0 4.2 90 18 307.9 308.1 285.9 311.7 1.13 16 736 2796 13.0 -22.0 7 35.0 0.8 75 24 312.4 312.5 287.2 315.4 0.89 17 700 3213 9.4 -20.6 10 30.0 -1.1 75 31 312.9 313.1 287.6 316.5 1.06 18 675 3513 6.6 -19.4 14 26.0 -2.5 78 30 313.0 313.3 287.8 317.1 1.22 19 597 4510 0.8 -27.2 10 28.0 -7.2 6 13 317.5 317.6 288.7 319.9 0.69 20 544 5254 -1.7 -25.7 14 24.0 -8.8 317 22 323.1 323.2 290.6 326.1 0.87 21 500 5920 -5.7 -32.7 10 27.0 -12.3 320 23 326.1 326.2 291.1 327.9 0.49 22 493 6030 -6.1 -37.1 7 31.0 -12.9 324 22 326.9 327.0 291.2 328.1 0.32 23 452 6703 -11.9 -27.9 25 16.0 -16.0 334 22 327.9 328.0 292.0 330.9 0.85 24 418 7298 -14.9 -29.9 27 15.0 -18.4 322 28 331.4 331.6 292.9 334.2 0.76 25 400 7630 -17.3 -27.3 41 10.0 -19.8 315 31 332.5 332.7 293.4 336.2 1.02 26 384 7935 -19.5 -25.5 59 6.0 -21.0 308 37 333.5 333.8 293.9 338.0 1.25 27 353 8554 -24.1 -35.1 36 11.0 -26.0 294 43 335.4 335.6 293.7 337.5 0.55 28 304 9627 -32.3 -37.3 61 5.0 -33.0 272 43 338.6 338.7 294.4 340.5 0.51 29 300 9720 -32.9 -37.9 61 5.0 -33.6 270 43 339.0 339.1 294.6 340.9 0.49 30 250 10970 -43.5 -46.9 69 3.4 -43.7 290 39 341.4 341.4 294.8 342.3 0.22 31 232 11468 -48.1 -52.3 62 4.2 -48.3 283 47 341.8 341.8 294.8 342.3 0.13 32 216 11935 -52.1 -54.3 77 2.2 -52.2 282 55 342.6 342.7 295.1 343.1 0.11 33 200 12430 -55.1 -61.1 47 6.0 -55.2 280 64 345.5 345.5 295.7 345.7 0.05 34 192 12689 -57.3 -63.3 46 6.0 -57.4 277 66 346.0 346.0 295.8 346.2 0.04 35 190 12755 -57.7 -64.7 40 7.0 -57.8 276 66 346.4 346.4 295.8 346.6 0.03 36 186 12889 -56.3 -67.3 24 11.0 -56.5 273 65 350.8 350.8 296.8 350.9 0.02 37 177 13202 -57.4 -71.1 16 13.7 -57.6 265 60 354.1 354.1 297.5 354.1 0.01 38 176 13238 -57.5 -71.5 15 14.0 -57.7 265 60 354.4 354.4 297.6 354.5 0.01 39 156 13989 -62.5 -80.5 7 18.0 -62.6 273 53 358.4 358.4 298.4 358.4 0.00 40 150 14230 -63.9 -80.9 8 17.0 -64.0 285 49 360.0 360.0 298.7 360.0 0.00 41 147 14353 -65.1 -82.1 8 17.0 -65.2 287 48 360.0 360.0 298.7 360.0 0.00 42 100 16640 -75.7 -85.7 19 10.0 -75.7 275 23 381.5 381.5 302.5 381.5 0.00 43 76 18204 -81.1 -88.1 30 7.0 -81.1 315 14 401.3 401.3 305.4 401.3 0.00 44 70 18670 -78.3 -87.3 22 9.0 -78.3 305 8 416.9 416.9 307.3 416.9 0.00 45 67 18920 -79.3 -86.3 31 7.0 -79.3 305 8 420.0 420.0 307.7 420.0 0.00 46 61 19463 -72.7 -84.7 15 12.0 -72.8 22 8 446.1 446.1 310.5 446.1 0.00 47 53 20297 -69.7 -82.7 13 13.0 -69.8 98 4 471.3 471.3 312.7 471.4 0.01 48 52 20412 -66.9 -81.9 10 15.0 -67.1 159 4 480.4 480.4 313.5 480.5 0.01 49 50 20650 -65.3 -80.3 11 15.0 -65.5 235 16 489.6 489.6 314.2 489.7 0.01 50 46 21158 -65.9 -79.9 12 14.0 -66.2 286 13 500.0 500.0 314.9 500.1 0.01 51 43 21572 -62.1 -79.1 9 17.0 -62.6 16 5 519.1 519.1 316.2 519.2 0.02 52 36 22676 -60.5 -81.5 5 21.0 -61.2 83 11 550.3 550.3 318.1 550.3 0.01 53 33 23224 -56.7 -80.7 3 24.0 -57.9 106 8 574.2 574.2 319.4 574.3 0.02 54 30 23830 -55.7 -79.7 3 24.0 -57.1 55 14 592.8 592.8 320.3 593.0 0.02 55 26 24746 -54.7 -79.7 3 25.0 -56.5 52 12 620.4 620.4 321.5 620.6 0.03 56 22 25831 -48.9 -76.9 2 28.0 -52.4 162 10 668.0 668.1 323.4 668.4 0.05 57 20 26460 -47.3 -76.3 2 29.0 -51.5 235 12 691.4 691.4 324.1 691.9 0.06 58 17 27540 -45.3 -74.3 2 29.0 -50.8 250 5 730.7 730.7 325.4 731.6 0.10 TRP 76 18204 -81.1 -88.1 30 7.0 -81.1 315 14 401.3 401.3 305.4 401.3 0.00 WND 177 13202 -57.4 -71.1 16 13.7 -57.6 265 60 354.1 354.1 297.5 354.1 0.01 Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5745.00 m Freezing level: 580.04 mb = 4747.99 m = 15577.19 ft Wetbulb zero: 721.00 mb = 2967.23 m = 9734.90 ft Precipitable water: 0.93 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 25.65 % Est. max temperature: 31.15 C = 88.06 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 972.29 mb = 419.19 m = 1375.27 ft T: 20.45 C 700-500 lapse rate: 5.58 C/km ThetaE index: 18.57 C Layer 855.0- 736.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 734.31 mb = 2815.03 m = 9235.56 ft Mean mixing ratio: 12.79 g/kg Conv temperature: 40.93 C = 105.67 F Cap Strength: 6.14 C Lifted Index: 4.18 C Risk: None Lifted Index @300 mb: 5.55 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 4.05 C Showalter Index: 10.10 C Risk: None Total Totals Index: 31.60 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 23.30 C Cross Totals Index: 8.30 C K Index: -4.10 Risk: None Sweat Index: 74.20 Risk: None Energy Index: 1.57 Risk: None Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 12.14 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 4.93 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 28318.35 J/kg Cap Strength: 6.10 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 925.90 mb = 842.57 m = 2764.32 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): -1.00 mb = -9999.00 m = -9999.00 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 81 at 14 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 1019 10 100 6 -5.9 1.0 | 248 9 7.9 3.2 1 1000 175 105 19 -18.4 4.9 | 148 8 -4.5 7.1 2 925 851 135 16 -11.3 11.3 | 191 14 2.5 13.5 3 918 914 75 6 -5.8 -1.6 | 266 8 8.0 0.6 4 886 1219 335 8 3.4 -7.3 | 286 18 17.2 -5.1 5 850 1578 5 10 -0.9 -10.0 | 301 15 13.0 -7.8 6 825 1829 90 18 -18.0 0.0 | 118 5 -4.2 2.2 7 767 2438 95 19 -18.9 1.7 | 127 6 -5.1 3.8 8 740 2743 75 23 -22.2 -6.0 | 66 9 -8.4 -3.8 9 700 3213 75 31 -29.9 -8.0 | 70 17 -16.1 -5.9 10 688 3353 75 31 -29.9 -8.0 | 70 17 -16.1 -5.9 11 662 3658 80 29 -28.6 -5.0 | 79 15 -14.7 -2.9 12 638 3962 50 14 -10.7 -9.0 | 335 8 3.1 -6.8 13 614 4267 25 10 -4.2 -9.1 | 306 12 9.6 -6.9 14 591 4572 360 14 -0.0 -14.0 | 311 18 13.8 -11.8 15 569 4877 335 18 7.6 -16.3 | 303 26 21.4 -14.1 16 528 5486 305 25 20.5 -14.3 | 290 36 34.3 -12.2 17 500 5920 320 23 14.8 -17.6 | 298 33 28.6 -15.5 18 470 6401 340 19 6.5 -17.9 | 308 26 20.3 -15.7 19 400 7630 315 31 21.9 -21.9 | 299 41 35.8 -19.8 20 368 8230 300 43 37.2 -21.5 | 291 55 51.1 -19.3 21 300 9720 270 43 43.0 -0.0 | 268 57 56.8 2.2 22 299 9754 270 41 41.0 -0.0 | 268 55 54.8 2.2 23 250 10970 290 39 36.6 -13.3 | 282 52 50.5 -11.2 24 250 10973 285 39 37.7 -10.1 | 279 52 51.5 -7.9 25 200 12430 280 64 63.0 -11.1 | 277 77 76.9 -8.9 26 198 12497 280 66 65.0 -11.5 | 277 79 78.8 -9.3 27 189 12802 275 66 65.7 -5.8 | 273 80 79.6 -3.6 28 177 13202 265 60 59.8 5.2 | 264 74 73.6 7.4 29 163 13716 260 58 57.1 10.1 | 260 72 71.0 12.2 30 150 14230 285 49 47.3 -12.7 | 280 62 61.2 -10.5 31 127 15240 300 37 32.0 -18.5 | 290 49 45.9 -16.3 32 114 15850 285 29 28.0 -7.5 | 277 42 41.9 -5.3 33 100 16640 275 23 22.9 -2.0 | 270 37 36.8 0.2 34 98 16764 275 23 22.9 -2.0 | 270 37 36.8 0.2 35 93 17069 250 29 27.3 9.9 | 254 43 41.1 12.1 36 83 17678 295 27 24.5 -11.4 | 284 39 38.3 -9.2 37 79 17983 350 21 3.6 -20.7 | 317 25 17.5 -18.5 38 76 18204 315 14 9.9 -9.9 | 288 25 23.7 -7.7 39 75 18288 310 10 7.7 -6.4 | 281 22 21.5 -4.3 40 71 18593 335 10 4.2 -9.1 | 291 19 18.1 -6.9 41 70 18670 305 8 6.6 -4.6 | 277 21 20.4 -2.4 42 67 18898 305 8 6.6 -4.6 | 277 21 20.4 -2.4 43 64 19202 300 6 5.2 -3.0 | 272 19 19.0 -0.8 44 61 19507 30 8 -4.0 -6.9 | 296 11 9.8 -4.8 45 58 19812 265 4 4.0 0.3 | 262 18 17.8 2.5 46 55 20117 355 4 0.3 -4.0 | 277 14 14.2 -1.8 47 52 20422 160 4 -1.4 3.8 | 245 14 12.5 5.9 48 50 20650 235 16 13.1 9.2 | 247 29 26.9 11.3 49 47 21031 245 14 12.7 5.9 | 253 28 26.5 8.1 50 45 21336 335 12 5.1 -10.9 | 295 21 18.9 -8.7 51 43 21641 25 4 -1.7 -3.6 | 277 12 12.2 -1.5 52 41 21946 45 18 -12.7 -12.7 | 354 11 1.1 -10.6 53 39 22250 30 8 -4.0 -6.9 | 296 11 9.8 -4.8 54 37 22555 60 12 -10.4 -6.0 | 318 5 3.4 -3.8 55 35 22860 110 10 -9.4 3.4 | 218 7 4.4 5.6 56 33 23165 115 8 -7.3 3.4 | 230 9 6.6 5.5 57 32 23470 75 6 -5.8 -1.6 | 266 8 8.0 0.6 58 30 23774 55 4 -3.3 -2.3 | 271 11 10.6 -0.1 59 30 23830 55 14 -11.5 -8.0 | 338 6 2.4 -5.9 60 29 24079 50 12 -9.2 -7.7 | 320 7 4.6 -5.5 61 28 24384 65 16 -14.5 -6.8 | 8 5 -0.7 -4.6 62 26 24689 50 12 -9.2 -7.7 | 320 7 4.6 -5.5 63 25 24994 60 14 -12.1 -7.0 | 340 5 1.7 -4.8 64 23 25603 115 8 -7.3 3.4 | 230 9 6.6 5.5 65 22 25908 175 10 -0.9 10.0 | 227 18 13.0 12.1 66 21 26213 225 2 1.4 1.4 | 257 16 15.3 3.6 67 20 26460 235 12 9.8 6.9 | 249 25 23.7 9.1 68 20 26518 190 14 2.4 13.8 | 226 23 16.3 16.0 69 17 27127 260 4 3.9 0.7 | 261 18 17.8 2.9 70 15 27432 305 6 4.9 -3.4 | 274 19 18.8 -1.3 71 14 27737 305 8 6.6 -4.6 | 277 21 20.4 -2.4 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 51.1 at 18.7 knts Storm direction: 81.1 at 14.0 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 5.6 neg: 4.6 tot: 10.2 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): -179.2 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 104.4 neg: -36.9 tot: 67.5 m^2/s^2 ave: 22.5 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.32 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 16.0 stream: 5.1 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.01 Bulk Rich Number: 0.31 Bulk Shear: 39.80 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 110 16 169 8| 12.4 0.0 12.4| 9.7 -17.4 -7.7 -15.5 -0.44| 18.6 -8.3 1000 115 15 180 9| 6.2 8.8 15.0| 52.7 -17.4 35.3 35.3 0.30| 21.1 6.2 1500 101 13 195 5| 4.1 8.2 12.3| 70.6 -22.4 48.2 32.1 0.29| 18.2 5.2 2000 92 13 191 3| 8.5 6.1 14.6|102.2 -22.4 79.7 39.9 0.46| 20.4 9.4 2500 92 14 167 3| 6.8 4.8 11.5|103.0 -25.4 77.6 31.0 0.43| 16.9 7.3 3000 88 16 127 3| 5.6 4.6 10.2|104.4 -36.9 67.5 22.5 0.32| 16.0 5.1 4000 82 19 85 5| 4.6 5.0 9.6|114.8 -78.7 36.1 9.0 0.13| 15.4 1.9 5000 71 18 40 5| 3.7 6.1 9.7|117.8-113.8 4.0 0.8 0.06| 14.6 0.8 6000 51 19 4 10| 3.5 5.7 9.1|172.6-167.3 5.3 0.9 0.05| 13.7 0.7 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//MMMD/skewt/MMMD.skewt.20250417.12.gif