UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2026011312.upa.cvt Date: 1200Z 13 JAN 26 Searching for MMGL... Searching the city database file for: MMGL ... Date:1200Z 13 JAN 26 Station: MMGL WMO ident: 76612 Latitude: 20.67 Longitude: -103.38 Elevation: 1551.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 1000 160 1 925 826 2 850 1538 0 0 SFC 848 1551 10.8 8.9 88 1.9 9.7 0 0 297.7 299.2 289.5 322.4 8.47 4 846 1571 13.4 9.6 78 3.8 11.1 353 0 300.6 302.2 290.8 326.9 8.90 5 845 1581 14.4 9.8 74 4.6 11.6 349 1 301.7 303.4 291.3 328.5 9.04 6 842 1611 15.4 10.6 73 4.8 12.4 338 1 303.1 304.9 292.2 331.6 9.58 7 804 2006 14.6 7.6 63 7.0 10.4 243 6 306.3 307.8 292.0 331.0 8.17 8 720 2935 7.6 5.5 87 2.1 6.3 229 17 308.4 309.9 292.4 332.5 7.89 9 700 3168 5.8 3.0 82 2.8 4.2 215 18 308.9 310.2 291.6 329.8 6.80 10 679 3415 4.0 1.7 85 2.3 2.8 207 18 309.6 310.8 291.5 329.3 6.39 11 661 3632 3.0 -3.0 65 6.0 0.0 212 19 310.9 311.7 290.4 325.4 4.64 12 652 3743 2.2 -1.6 76 3.8 0.3 215 19 311.2 312.2 291.0 327.5 5.22 13 643 3855 1.6 -6.4 55 8.0 -2.0 218 20 311.7 312.4 289.8 323.4 3.68 14 617 4185 -0.5 -7.5 59 7.0 -3.6 227 21 313.0 313.7 290.0 324.3 3.53 15 603 4367 -1.3 -15.3 34 14.0 -6.4 231 22 314.2 314.5 288.9 320.5 1.93 16 583 4634 -3.1 -15.1 39 12.0 -7.5 233 24 315.1 315.5 289.3 321.8 2.03 17 577 4716 -3.5 -9.5 63 6.0 -6.0 234 24 315.6 316.2 290.6 326.0 3.22 18 569 4825 -4.5 -8.2 75 3.7 -6.1 235 25 315.7 316.4 291.0 327.3 3.62 19 563 4909 -5.3 -8.3 79 3.0 -6.6 236 26 315.7 316.4 291.0 327.4 3.63 20 561 4936 -5.5 -8.1 82 2.6 -6.6 236 26 315.8 316.5 291.0 327.7 3.70 21 560 4950 -5.7 -8.2 82 2.5 -6.8 237 26 315.7 316.4 291.0 327.5 3.68 22 559 4964 -5.7 -8.3 82 2.6 -6.8 237 26 315.9 316.6 291.0 327.6 3.66 23 558 4978 -5.7 -9.2 76 3.5 -7.2 237 26 316.0 316.7 290.9 327.1 3.41 24 557 4992 -5.7 -12.7 58 7.0 -8.4 237 27 316.2 316.7 290.2 324.6 2.58 25 556 5006 -5.3 -19.3 32 14.0 -9.8 237 27 316.8 317.1 289.3 321.8 1.49 26 552 5063 -5.3 -31.3 11 26.0 -11.5 238 27 317.5 317.6 288.5 319.3 0.51 27 534 5322 -6.7 -32.7 11 26.0 -12.6 240 29 318.8 318.9 288.9 320.5 0.46 28 527 5424 -7.5 -31.5 13 24.0 -13.1 241 30 319.1 319.2 289.0 320.9 0.52 29 519 5543 -8.5 -17.5 48 9.0 -11.5 242 31 319.3 319.6 290.4 325.5 1.86 30 506 5738 -10.1 -14.9 68 4.8 -11.8 244 33 319.6 320.1 291.0 327.6 2.38 31 500 5830 -10.9 -15.3 70 4.4 -12.5 245 33 319.7 320.2 291.0 327.5 2.33 32 480 6142 -13.5 -17.2 74 3.7 -14.7 240 36 320.3 320.7 290.9 327.2 2.07 33 464 6399 -13.7 -22.7 47 9.0 -16.2 235 39 323.2 323.4 291.1 327.8 1.33 34 415 7237 -18.9 -22.8 71 3.9 -20.0 261 39 327.0 327.3 292.3 332.1 1.47 35 400 7510 -20.7 -24.5 72 3.8 -21.7 270 39 328.1 328.3 292.4 332.7 1.31 36 317 9186 -33.3 -38.2 61 4.9 -33.9 263 50 333.1 333.2 293.0 334.8 0.45 37 300 9570 -36.7 -39.6 74 2.9 -37.0 260 53 333.6 333.7 293.1 335.2 0.41 38 292 9757 -38.3 -41.1 75 2.8 -38.6 260 51 334.0 334.0 293.2 335.3 0.36 39 265 10420 -44.1 -46.5 77 2.4 -44.3 258 55 334.9 334.9 293.3 335.7 0.22 40 255 10678 -45.9 -48.3 77 2.4 -46.0 256 60 335.9 336.0 293.5 336.7 0.19 41 252 10757 -46.5 -48.1 84 1.6 -46.6 255 61 336.2 336.2 293.6 336.9 0.19 42 250 10810 -46.9 -48.8 81 1.9 -47.0 255 62 336.3 336.4 293.6 337.1 0.18 43 247 10890 -47.3 -52.0 58 4.7 -47.5 254 64 336.9 336.9 293.7 337.4 0.13 44 229 11389 -51.1 -54.4 68 3.3 -51.2 251 78 338.5 338.5 294.0 338.9 0.10 45 225 11503 -51.9 -54.8 71 2.9 -52.0 251 82 339.0 339.0 294.1 339.4 0.10 46 220 11649 -52.7 -58.7 48 6.0 -52.9 250 84 339.9 339.9 294.4 340.2 0.06 47 207 12041 -55.9 -63.9 36 8.0 -56.1 247 81 340.9 340.9 294.6 341.0 0.03 48 200 12260 -57.7 -64.7 40 7.0 -57.8 245 80 341.4 341.4 294.7 341.5 0.03 49 189 12613 -61.0 -66.9 46 5.9 -61.1 245 82 341.7 341.7 294.7 341.8 0.03 50 181 12879 -63.5 -68.5 51 5.0 -63.6 245 81 341.8 341.8 294.8 341.9 0.02 51 177 13015 -64.7 -69.5 51 4.8 -64.7 245 80 342.0 342.0 294.8 342.1 0.02 52 175 13084 -64.5 -70.5 43 6.0 -64.6 247 79 343.5 343.5 295.1 343.6 0.02 53 172 13189 -63.9 -72.9 28 9.0 -64.0 250 77 346.2 346.2 295.8 346.2 0.01 54 171 13225 -62.7 -73.7 21 11.0 -62.8 251 76 348.7 348.8 296.4 348.8 0.01 55 166 13408 -61.7 -75.7 14 14.0 -61.8 256 73 353.4 353.4 297.4 353.4 0.01 56 163 13520 -61.5 -78.5 9 17.0 -61.6 259 71 355.6 355.6 297.8 355.6 0.01 57 150 14030 -64.3 -88.3 2 24.0 -64.4 270 66 359.3 359.3 298.5 359.3 0.00 58 100 16470 -72.5 -94.5 2 22.0 -72.6 250 31 387.6 387.6 303.5 387.7 0.00 59 85 17406 -78.3 -91.3 10 13.0 -78.3 237 28 394.4 394.4 304.4 394.4 0.00 60 79 17823 -77.1 -90.1 11 13.0 -77.1 247 34 405.2 405.2 305.9 405.2 0.00 61 74 18203 -70.3 -87.3 7 17.0 -70.4 241 28 427.1 427.1 308.5 427.2 0.00 62 70 18530 -71.9 -87.9 7 16.0 -72.0 300 16 430.6 430.6 308.9 430.6 0.00 63 61 19338 -75.3 -90.3 8 15.0 -75.3 201 5 440.3 440.3 309.9 440.3 0.00 64 59 19533 -72.7 -89.7 6 17.0 -72.8 251 2 450.3 450.3 310.9 450.4 0.00 65 53 20165 -73.1 -89.1 7 16.0 -73.2 326 3 463.4 463.4 312.1 463.5 0.00 66 50 20510 -69.9 -88.9 5 19.0 -70.1 0 0 478.8 478.8 313.4 478.8 0.00 67 37 22340 -60.9 -88.9 1 28.0 -61.6 176 4 544.9 544.9 317.8 545.0 0.00 68 33 23047 -63.1 -89.1 2 26.0 -63.7 286 3 557.2 557.2 318.5 557.2 0.00 69 31 23435 -59.5 -89.5 1 30.0 -60.4 330 4 577.0 577.0 319.5 577.0 0.00 70 30 23640 -59.3 -89.3 1 30.0 -60.3 240 6 583.0 583.0 319.8 583.0 0.00 71 26 24530 -61.3 -92.3 1 31.0 -62.2 238 3 601.7 601.7 320.7 601.7 0.00 72 24 25030 -57.9 -91.9 1 34.0 -59.3 244 11 625.5 625.5 321.7 625.5 0.00 73 20 26180 -57.1 -91.1 1 34.0 -58.9 275 18 661.4 661.4 323.1 661.4 0.00 74 18 26846 -57.5 -91.5 1 34.0 -59.4 270 18 680.4 680.4 323.8 680.4 0.00 75 16 27597 -53.7 -88.7 1 35.0 -56.7 280 13 716.1 716.1 325.0 716.1 0.01 76 14 28452 -55.3 -90.3 1 35.0 -58.1 281 13 738.5 738.5 325.6 738.6 0.01 77 12 29446 -50.7 -86.7 1 36.0 -55.4 280 15 788.1 788.1 327.0 788.3 0.02 78 10 30639 -48.9 -85.9 1 37.0 -54.9 285 12 837.0 837.0 328.1 837.2 0.02 TRP 177 13015 -64.7 -69.5 51 4.8 -64.7 245 80 342.0 342.0 294.8 342.1 0.02 WND 189 12613 -61.0 -66.9 46 5.9 -61.1 245 82 341.7 341.7 294.7 341.8 0.03 Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5670.00 m Freezing level: 623.19 mb = 4105.99 m = 13470.94 ft Wetbulb zero: 651.00 mb = 3755.22 m = 12320.11 ft Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 60.65 % Est. max temperature: 21.59 C = 70.87 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 823.97 mb = 1796.22 m = 5893.03 ft T: 15.03 C 700-500 lapse rate: 6.27 C/km ThetaE index: 7.09 C Layer 700.0- 652.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 703.12 mb = 3131.10 m = 10272.52 ft Mean mixing ratio: 8.43 g/kg Conv temperature: 21.46 C = 70.62 F Cap Strength: 2.07 C Lifted Index: -0.26 C Risk: Thunderstorms probable Lifted Index @300 mb: 2.83 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 1.03 C Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 31.77 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 7.97 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 81.44 J/kg Cap Strength: 2.07 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 733.39 mb = 2779.58 m = 9119.24 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): 568.39 mb = 4833.93 m = 15859.15 ft Equ Level (EL): 558.39 mb = 4972.90 m = 16315.09 ft B at Equ Level: 23.89 J/kg Max Parcel Lev (MPL): 438.39 mb = 6825.35 m = 22392.61 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 270 at 19 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 848 1551 0 0 -0.0 -0.0 | 90 19 -18.5 0.0 1 821 1829 260 6 5.9 1.0 | 95 13 -12.6 1.1 2 791 2134 230 6 4.6 3.9 | 106 14 -13.9 3.9 3 736 2743 240 16 13.9 8.0 | 150 9 -4.7 8.0 4 700 3168 215 18 10.3 14.7 | 151 17 -8.2 14.8 5 684 3353 205 18 7.6 16.3 | 146 20 -10.9 16.3 6 609 4267 230 21 16.1 13.5 | 170 14 -2.4 13.5 7 502 5791 245 33 29.9 13.9 | 219 18 11.4 14.0 8 500 5830 245 33 29.9 13.9 | 219 18 11.4 14.0 9 463 6401 235 39 31.9 22.4 | 211 26 13.4 22.4 10 400 7510 270 39 39.0 -0.0 | 270 20 20.5 0.0 11 394 7620 275 39 38.9 -3.4 | 279 21 20.3 -3.4 12 300 9570 260 53 52.2 9.2 | 255 35 33.7 9.2 13 279 10058 260 49 48.3 8.5 | 254 31 29.7 8.5 14 250 10810 255 62 59.9 16.0 | 249 44 41.4 16.1 15 222 11582 250 84 78.9 28.7 | 245 67 60.4 28.8 16 200 12260 245 80 72.5 33.8 | 238 64 54.0 33.8 17 189 12613 245 82 74.3 34.7 | 238 66 55.8 34.7 18 183 12802 245 82 74.3 34.7 | 238 66 55.8 34.7 19 177 13015 245 80 72.5 33.8 | 238 64 54.0 33.8 20 158 13716 265 68 67.7 5.9 | 263 50 49.2 6.0 21 150 14030 270 66 66.0 -0.0 | 270 47 47.5 0.0 22 136 14630 250 53 49.8 18.1 | 240 36 31.3 18.2 23 117 15545 265 45 44.8 3.9 | 261 27 26.3 3.9 24 100 16470 250 31 29.1 10.6 | 225 15 10.6 10.6 25 95 16764 250 31 29.1 10.6 | 225 15 10.6 10.6 26 90 17069 255 25 24.1 6.5 | 221 9 5.6 6.5 27 86 17374 235 27 22.1 15.5 | 193 16 3.6 15.5 28 81 17678 250 37 34.8 12.7 | 232 21 16.2 12.7 29 73 18288 240 27 23.4 13.5 | 200 14 4.9 13.5 30 70 18530 300 16 13.9 -8.0 | 30 9 -4.7 -8.0 31 69 18593 285 16 15.5 -4.1 | 37 5 -3.1 -4.1 32 66 18898 195 2 0.5 1.9 | 96 18 -18.0 2.0 33 62 19202 165 8 -2.1 7.7 | 111 22 -20.6 7.8 34 59 19507 245 2 1.8 0.8 | 93 17 -16.7 0.9 35 56 19812 310 6 4.6 -3.9 | 75 14 -13.9 -3.8 36 53 20117 300 2 1.7 -1.0 | 87 17 -16.8 -1.0 37 51 20422 95 6 -6.0 0.5 | 91 25 -24.5 0.6 38 50 20510 0 0 -0.0 -0.0 | 90 19 -18.5 0.0 39 48 20726 135 2 -1.4 1.4 | 94 20 -19.9 1.4 40 46 21031 320 4 2.6 -3.1 | 79 16 -16.0 -3.0 41 44 21336 5 8 -0.7 -8.0 | 68 21 -19.2 -7.9 42 42 21641 260 6 5.9 1.0 | 95 13 -12.6 1.1 43 40 21946 360 4 -0.0 -4.0 | 78 19 -18.5 -4.0 44 38 22250 155 4 -1.7 3.6 | 100 21 -20.2 3.7 45 34 22860 280 2 2.0 -0.3 | 89 17 -16.6 -0.3 46 32 23165 290 4 3.8 -1.4 | 85 15 -14.8 -1.3 47 31 23470 335 4 1.7 -3.6 | 78 17 -16.8 -3.6 48 30 23640 240 6 5.2 3.0 | 103 14 -13.3 3.0 49 29 23774 235 6 4.9 3.4 | 104 14 -13.6 3.5 50 28 24079 330 6 3.0 -5.2 | 72 16 -15.5 -5.2 51 27 24384 225 2 1.4 1.4 | 95 17 -17.1 1.4 52 25 24689 250 4 3.8 1.4 | 95 15 -14.8 1.4 53 24 24994 235 12 9.8 6.9 | 128 11 -8.7 6.9 54 23 25298 295 8 7.3 -3.4 | 73 12 -11.3 -3.4 55 22 25603 320 6 3.9 -4.6 | 73 15 -14.7 -4.6 56 21 25908 265 6 6.0 0.5 | 93 13 -12.5 0.6 57 20 26180 275 18 17.9 -1.6 | 21 2 -0.6 -1.5 58 20 26213 220 8 5.1 6.1 | 115 15 -13.4 6.2 59 18 26518 270 18 18.0 -0.0 | 93 1 -0.5 0.0 60 15 27127 285 10 9.7 -2.6 | 74 9 -8.9 -2.6 61 13 27737 275 18 17.9 -1.6 | 21 2 -0.6 -1.5 62 11 28042 285 12 11.6 -3.1 | 66 8 -6.9 -3.1 63 10 28346 285 16 15.5 -4.1 | 37 5 -3.1 -4.1 64 10 28651 285 8 7.7 -2.1 | 79 11 -10.8 -2.0 65 9 28956 255 14 13.5 3.6 | 126 6 -5.0 3.7 66 7 29566 295 23 20.8 -9.7 | 347 10 2.3 -9.7 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 240.1 at 24.7 knts Storm direction: 270.1 at 18.5 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 1.6 neg: 3.2 tot: 4.8 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 89.8 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 84.9 neg: -17.4 tot: 67.5 m^2/s^2 ave: 22.5 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.46 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 7.4 stream: 3.4 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.01 Bulk Rich Number: 0.57 Bulk Shear: 55.66 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 253 4 95 14| 0.0 6.2 6.2| 16.0 -8.6 7.4 14.8 0.26| 10.5 2.8 1000 241 7 104 13| 0.0 6.6 6.6| 36.4 -8.6 27.9 27.9 0.50| 9.1 4.6 1500 237 10 117 12| 0.0 6.0 6.0| 45.7 -8.9 36.8 24.5 0.47| 9.1 4.2 2000 227 12 129 13| 0.0 4.8 4.8| 52.9 -17.4 35.5 17.7 0.36| 8.6 3.1 2500 224 13 136 13| 1.0 3.8 4.8| 69.4 -17.4 52.1 20.8 0.41| 7.9 3.2 3000 226 15 142 13| 1.6 3.2 4.8| 84.9 -17.4 67.5 22.5 0.46| 7.4 3.4 4000 231 18 158 12| 2.3 2.4 4.7|119.9 -17.4 102.6 25.6 0.54| 6.7 3.7 5000 234 22 176 13| 1.9 2.7 4.6|146.7 -33.4 113.3 22.7 0.46| 6.7 3.1 6000 240 25 193 13| 2.8 2.3 5.1|269.7 -33.4 236.3 39.4 0.59| 7.5 4.4 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//MMGL/skewt/MMGL.skewt.20260113.12.gif