UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025042812.upa.cvt Date: 1200Z 28 APR 25 Searching for MMGL... Searching the city database file for: MMGL ... Date:1200Z 28 APR 25 Station: MMGL WMO ident: 76612 Latitude: 20.67 Longitude: -103.38 Elevation: 1551.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 1000 114 1 925 796 2 850 1524 290 1 SFC 847 1551 17.4 9.4 59 8.0 12.4 290 1 304.7 306.3 292.0 331.0 8.77 4 846 1561 17.0 9.0 59 8.0 12.1 289 1 304.4 305.9 291.7 330.0 8.55 5 845 1571 18.4 9.4 56 9.0 12.8 287 2 305.9 307.6 292.4 332.5 8.79 6 813 1903 19.4 5.4 40 14.0 11.1 253 10 310.4 311.7 292.2 331.8 6.93 7 750 2592 15.0 6.0 55 9.0 9.6 274 7 312.9 314.4 293.6 337.2 7.84 8 747 2626 15.8 -1.2 31 17.0 6.7 281 7 314.1 315.0 291.4 329.0 4.69 9 738 2729 15.6 -5.4 23 21.0 5.2 301 6 315.0 315.6 290.6 326.1 3.46 10 700 3175 12.0 -4.0 32 16.0 3.9 325 6 315.8 316.6 291.4 328.8 4.06 11 688 3319 11.6 1.6 50 10.0 5.9 349 8 316.9 318.1 293.5 336.8 6.26 12 569 4870 -0.9 -5.2 73 4.3 -3.0 154 2 319.9 320.8 293.0 334.7 4.57 13 531 5418 -4.3 -10.3 63 6.0 -6.9 346 3 322.2 322.9 292.6 333.1 3.29 14 517 5628 -4.9 -19.9 30 15.0 -9.9 300 5 324.0 324.3 291.5 329.2 1.52 15 500 5890 -6.3 -24.3 23 18.0 -11.6 300 10 325.4 325.6 291.5 329.1 1.07 16 447 6759 -12.3 -37.3 10 25.0 -17.2 304 6 328.4 328.5 291.6 329.7 0.35 17 401 7581 -18.1 -40.1 13 22.0 -21.7 294 18 331.2 331.3 292.3 332.3 0.29 18 400 7600 -18.3 -40.3 13 22.0 -21.9 295 18 331.2 331.3 292.3 332.3 0.28 19 391 7770 -19.7 -32.7 31 13.0 -22.3 288 19 331.5 331.7 292.7 333.9 0.63 20 339 8812 -28.9 -37.9 42 9.0 -30.2 271 24 332.8 332.9 292.9 334.4 0.43 21 330 9005 -29.7 -43.7 24 14.0 -31.3 268 25 334.3 334.3 293.1 335.2 0.24 22 300 9680 -34.1 -49.1 21 15.0 -35.4 265 37 337.3 337.3 293.8 337.9 0.15 23 260 10665 -40.1 -55.1 19 15.0 -40.9 290 62 342.6 342.6 295.0 342.9 0.08 24 250 10930 -42.1 -54.1 26 12.0 -42.8 285 64 343.5 343.5 295.3 343.9 0.10 25 213 11993 -51.2 -61.4 29 10.2 -51.5 280 66 345.4 345.4 295.6 345.6 0.05 26 209 12116 -52.3 -62.3 29 10.0 -52.5 283 68 345.6 345.6 295.7 345.7 0.04 27 200 12400 -54.3 -65.3 25 11.0 -54.5 290 74 346.8 346.8 296.0 346.9 0.03 28 177 13176 -59.7 -75.7 11 16.0 -59.9 275 53 350.2 350.2 296.7 350.3 0.01 29 170 13430 -58.3 -83.3 3 25.0 -58.5 270 45 356.6 356.6 298.0 356.6 0.00 30 150 14210 -63.7 -86.7 3 23.0 -63.8 255 43 360.3 360.3 298.8 360.4 0.00 31 131 15026 -69.3 -88.3 5 19.0 -69.4 247 41 364.6 364.6 299.6 364.6 0.00 32 122 15446 -72.3 -89.3 6 17.0 -72.3 251 38 366.6 366.6 299.9 366.6 0.00 33 111 15999 -73.5 -89.5 7 16.0 -73.5 240 34 374.4 374.4 301.3 374.4 0.00 34 107 16214 -70.9 -88.9 5 18.0 -70.9 233 32 383.3 383.3 302.8 383.3 0.00 35 100 16610 -74.3 -90.3 7 16.0 -74.3 220 29 384.2 384.2 302.9 384.2 0.00 36 77 18111 -81.3 -93.3 11 12.0 -81.3 180 25 399.4 399.4 305.1 399.4 0.00 37 72 18490 -80.9 -91.9 14 11.0 -80.9 156 27 408.0 408.0 306.3 408.0 0.00 38 70 18650 -77.7 -90.7 11 13.0 -77.7 185 16 418.2 418.2 307.5 418.2 0.00 39 69 18733 -76.7 -90.7 9 14.0 -76.7 188 16 422.0 422.0 307.9 422.0 0.00 40 62 19353 -73.5 -89.5 7 16.0 -73.6 176 11 442.2 442.2 310.1 442.2 0.00 41 58 19742 -74.9 -90.9 7 16.0 -75.0 157 13 447.6 447.6 310.6 447.6 0.00 42 54 20165 -67.5 -89.5 3 22.0 -67.7 142 12 473.9 473.9 313.0 473.9 0.00 43 50 20630 -65.9 -90.9 2 25.0 -66.2 90 19 488.2 488.2 314.1 488.2 0.00 44 38 22314 -62.1 -95.1 0 33.0 -62.7 93 5 537.7 537.7 317.4 537.7 0.00 45 33 23201 -55.5 -90.5 1 35.0 -56.9 125 11 577.4 577.4 319.5 577.4 0.00 46 30 23810 -55.1 -90.1 1 35.0 -56.7 40 10 594.4 594.4 320.3 594.5 0.00 47 25 24983 -53.1 -88.1 1 35.0 -55.4 85 16 632.0 632.0 322.0 632.0 0.01 48 22 25815 -49.3 -85.3 1 36.0 -52.8 67 18 666.8 666.8 323.3 666.9 0.01 49 20 26440 -50.3 -86.3 1 36.0 -53.7 80 19 682.2 682.2 323.9 682.3 0.01 50 19 26775 -50.5 -86.5 1 36.0 -53.9 6 23 691.7 691.7 324.1 691.8 0.01 51 14 28785 -46.3 -83.3 1 37.0 -52.1 66 29 769.0 769.0 326.4 769.3 0.03 52 12 29809 -46.5 -83.5 1 37.0 -52.8 74 32 803.0 803.0 327.3 803.3 0.03 TRP 77 18111 -81.3 -93.3 11 12.0 -81.3 180 25 399.4 399.4 305.1 399.4 0.00 WND 213 11993 -51.2 -61.4 29 10.2 -51.5 280 66 345.4 345.4 295.6 345.6 0.05 Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5776.00 m Freezing level: 577.57 mb = 4757.92 m = 15609.78 ft Wetbulb zero: 608.66 mb = 4319.50 m = 14171.43 ft Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 51.10 % Est. max temperature: 28.24 C = 82.84 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 751.62 mb = 2573.51 m = 8443.17 ft T: 15.12 C 700-500 lapse rate: 6.74 C/km ThetaE index: 11.12 C Layer 747.0- 700.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 595.73 mb = 4494.83 m = 14746.65 ft Mean mixing ratio: 7.52 g/kg Conv temperature: 31.27 C = 88.29 F Cap Strength: 6.10 C Lifted Index: 3.23 C Risk: None Lifted Index @300 mb: 3.85 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 4.77 C Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 28.38 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 7.53 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 34051.90 J/kg Cap Strength: 6.10 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 670.46 mb = 3530.18 m = 11581.83 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): -1.00 mb = -9999.00 m = -9999.00 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 316 at 5 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 847 1551 290 1 0.9 -0.3 | 142 4 -2.5 3.2 1 820 1829 255 10 9.7 2.6 | 225 9 6.2 6.1 2 791 2134 245 10 9.1 4.2 | 216 10 5.6 7.7 3 763 2438 245 8 7.3 3.4 | 209 8 3.8 6.9 4 736 2743 305 6 4.9 -3.4 | 267 1 1.5 0.1 5 711 3048 325 6 3.4 -4.9 | 0 1 -0.0 -1.4 6 700 3175 325 6 3.4 -4.9 | 0 1 -0.0 -1.4 7 685 3353 355 8 0.7 -8.0 | 32 5 -2.8 -4.4 8 659 3658 30 4 -2.0 -3.5 | 91 5 -5.5 0.1 9 635 3962 110 6 -5.6 2.1 | 122 11 -9.1 5.6 10 567 4877 155 2 -0.8 1.8 | 141 7 -4.3 5.3 11 546 5182 110 4 -3.8 1.4 | 124 9 -7.2 4.9 12 526 5486 300 2 1.7 -1.0 | 146 3 -1.7 2.5 13 506 5791 300 8 6.9 -4.0 | 278 4 3.5 -0.5 14 500 5890 300 10 8.7 -5.0 | 286 5 5.2 -1.5 15 468 6401 275 8 8.0 -0.7 | 238 5 4.5 2.8 16 450 6706 310 6 4.6 -3.9 | 286 1 1.1 -0.3 17 432 7010 265 6 6.0 0.5 | 212 5 2.5 4.0 18 400 7600 295 18 16.3 -7.6 | 288 13 12.9 -4.1 19 399 7620 290 18 16.9 -6.2 | 281 14 13.5 -2.6 20 310 9449 260 27 26.6 4.7 | 250 25 23.1 8.2 21 300 9680 265 37 36.9 3.2 | 259 34 33.4 6.7 22 260 10668 290 62 58.3 -21.2 | 288 58 54.8 -17.7 23 250 10930 285 64 61.8 -16.6 | 283 60 58.4 -13.0 24 237 11278 275 60 59.8 -5.2 | 272 56 56.3 -1.7 25 213 11993 280 66 65.0 -11.5 | 277 62 61.5 -7.9 26 200 12400 290 74 69.5 -25.3 | 288 70 66.1 -21.8 27 197 12497 290 74 69.5 -25.3 | 288 70 66.1 -21.8 28 170 13411 270 45 45.0 -0.0 | 265 42 41.5 3.5 29 150 14210 255 43 41.5 11.1 | 249 41 38.1 14.6 30 126 15240 245 41 37.2 17.3 | 238 40 33.7 20.8 31 120 15545 255 37 35.7 9.6 | 248 35 32.3 13.1 32 100 16610 220 29 18.6 22.2 | 211 30 15.2 25.7 33 97 16764 220 29 18.6 22.2 | 211 30 15.2 25.7 34 92 17069 205 31 13.1 28.1 | 197 33 9.6 31.6 35 88 17374 225 25 17.7 17.7 | 214 26 14.2 21.2 36 83 17678 220 23 14.8 17.6 | 208 24 11.3 21.1 37 77 18111 180 25 0.0 25.0 | 173 29 -3.5 28.5 38 71 18593 150 27 -13.5 23.4 | 148 32 -17.0 26.9 39 70 18650 185 16 1.4 15.9 | 174 20 -2.1 19.5 40 67 18898 195 16 4.1 15.5 | 182 19 0.7 19.0 41 64 19202 200 8 2.7 7.5 | 176 11 -0.7 11.0 42 61 19507 155 14 -5.9 12.7 | 150 19 -9.4 16.2 43 55 20117 160 12 -4.1 11.3 | 153 17 -7.6 14.8 44 52 20422 70 12 -11.3 -4.1 | 88 15 -14.7 -0.6 45 50 20630 90 19 -19.0 0.0 | 99 23 -22.5 3.5 46 49 20726 65 19 -17.2 -8.0 | 78 21 -20.7 -4.5 47 47 21031 100 12 -11.8 2.1 | 110 16 -15.3 5.6 48 45 21336 115 10 -9.1 4.2 | 122 15 -12.5 7.7 49 43 21641 130 10 -7.7 6.4 | 132 15 -11.1 9.9 50 40 21946 135 8 -5.7 5.7 | 135 13 -9.1 9.2 51 39 22250 100 6 -5.9 1.0 | 116 10 -9.4 4.6 52 37 22555 75 4 -3.9 -1.0 | 109 8 -7.3 2.5 53 35 22860 85 6 -6.0 -0.5 | 108 10 -9.4 3.0 54 33 23165 135 12 -8.5 8.5 | 135 17 -11.9 12.0 55 30 23774 20 2 -0.7 -1.9 | 112 4 -4.1 1.6 56 30 23810 40 10 -6.4 -7.7 | 67 11 -9.9 -4.1 57 29 24079 45 10 -7.1 -7.1 | 71 11 -10.5 -3.6 58 27 24384 85 25 -24.9 -2.2 | 93 28 -28.4 1.3 59 26 24689 105 12 -11.6 3.1 | 114 16 -15.0 6.6 60 25 24994 85 16 -15.9 -1.4 | 96 20 -19.4 2.1 61 24 25298 110 19 -17.9 6.5 | 115 24 -21.3 10.0 62 22 25908 60 18 -15.6 -9.0 | 74 20 -19.0 -5.5 63 21 26213 110 14 -13.2 4.8 | 117 19 -16.6 8.3 64 20 26440 80 19 -18.7 -3.3 | 91 22 -22.2 0.2 65 20 26518 330 25 12.5 -21.7 | 333 20 9.0 -18.1 66 18 26822 80 19 -18.7 -3.3 | 91 22 -22.2 0.2 67 15 27432 90 23 -23.0 0.0 | 98 27 -26.5 3.5 68 14 27737 60 31 -26.8 -15.5 | 68 33 -30.3 -12.0 69 10 28956 95 33 -32.9 2.9 | 100 37 -36.3 6.4 70 8 29566 95 33 -32.9 2.9 | 100 37 -36.3 6.4 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 285.6 at 6.6 knts Storm direction: 315.6 at 4.9 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 2.0 neg: 1.6 tot: 3.6 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): -4.7 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 36.5 neg: -5.3 tot: 31.2 m^2/s^2 ave: 10.4 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.55 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 7.4 stream: 4.1 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.00 Bulk Rich Number: 13.96 Bulk Shear: 2.03 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 254 7 214 7| 0.0 9.6 9.6| 5.2 -2.4 2.8 5.6 0.42| 11.4 4.8 1000 250 8 214 8| 2.0 4.8 6.8| 7.8 -5.3 2.5 2.5 0.31| 8.4 2.6 1500 263 8 222 6| 3.6 3.2 6.8| 10.3 -5.3 5.0 3.3 0.41| 7.9 3.2 2000 280 7 240 4| 3.6 2.4 6.0| 16.7 -5.3 11.4 5.7 0.48| 8.0 3.8 2500 286 7 242 4| 3.0 1.9 4.9| 31.2 -5.3 25.9 10.4 0.54| 8.3 4.5 3000 280 6 231 4| 2.0 1.6 3.6| 36.5 -5.3 31.2 10.4 0.55| 7.4 4.1 4000 274 6 213 4| 1.0 1.1 2.2| 40.0 -15.7 24.2 6.1 0.39| 7.3 2.8 5000 284 6 230 3| 1.0 1.4 2.4| 42.9 -20.9 22.0 4.4 0.34| 7.2 2.4 6000 286 7 239 3| 0.9 1.3 2.2| 63.0 -22.3 40.7 6.8 0.35| 7.5 2.7 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//MMGL/skewt/MMGL.skewt.20250428.12.gif