UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025120100.upa.cvt Date: 0000Z 1 DEC 25 Searching for MMAA... Searching the city database file for: MMAA ... Date:0000Z 1 DEC 25 Station: MMAA WMO ident: 76805 Latitude: 16.83 Longitude: -99.93 Elevation: 28.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SFC 1009 28 30.2 21.2 59 9.0 23.7 320 3 302.6 305.5 296.5 349.6 15.90 1 1008 34 28.8 23.9 75 4.9 25.2 312 3 301.3 304.7 298.1 356.8 18.84 2 1000 86 28.2 24.0 78 4.2 25.1 245 6 301.4 304.9 298.2 357.7 19.11 3 964 412 24.6 23.2 92 1.4 23.6 264 13 300.9 304.3 298.0 356.5 18.89 4 925 775 23.0 18.2 74 4.8 19.6 260 10 302.8 305.5 295.6 345.3 14.36 5 920 822 22.6 18.1 76 4.5 19.5 262 8 302.9 305.5 295.6 345.4 14.35 6 907 946 23.0 15.0 61 8.0 17.6 271 4 304.5 306.7 294.3 340.1 11.90 7 875 1257 20.4 18.1 87 2.3 18.8 319 4 305.0 307.8 296.7 350.1 15.11 8 850 1506 19.2 14.2 73 5.0 15.8 275 2 306.3 308.5 294.9 342.5 12.07 9 847 1537 19.4 12.4 64 7.0 14.8 272 2 306.8 308.8 294.1 339.2 10.74 10 811 1911 16.8 11.8 72 5.0 13.6 84 3 307.9 309.9 294.4 340.5 10.79 11 784 2201 16.0 5.0 48 11.0 9.5 120 6 310.0 311.3 292.2 331.5 6.99 12 753 2544 13.4 5.4 58 8.0 8.6 101 9 310.8 312.2 292.7 333.9 7.49 13 739 2703 13.2 -0.8 38 14.0 5.8 104 10 312.2 313.2 291.0 327.6 4.88 14 700 3159 10.0 -2.0 43 12.0 3.8 110 14 313.6 314.5 291.3 328.5 4.72 15 631 4013 3.6 -1.4 70 5.0 1.0 94 6 315.7 316.8 292.6 333.1 5.48 16 586 4612 0.4 -7.6 55 8.0 -3.3 155 10 318.7 319.4 291.9 330.7 3.68 17 575 4764 0.0 -8.0 55 8.0 -3.7 152 11 320.0 320.7 292.2 331.9 3.64 18 574 4778 0.0 -8.0 55 8.0 -3.7 152 11 320.1 320.9 292.3 332.1 3.65 19 572 4806 0.2 -11.8 40 12.0 -4.8 151 11 320.7 321.2 291.6 329.7 2.71 20 556 5034 0.6 -17.4 25 18.0 -6.1 148 13 323.8 324.1 291.6 329.8 1.75 21 514 5662 -3.3 -15.3 39 12.0 -7.9 203 9 326.4 326.9 292.9 334.2 2.26 22 508 5755 -3.9 -23.9 19 20.0 -10.1 215 8 326.8 327.0 291.9 330.7 1.09 23 500 5880 -4.7 -21.7 25 17.0 -10.3 220 10 327.3 327.6 292.3 332.1 1.35 24 497 5927 -5.1 -25.1 19 20.0 -11.1 220 10 327.4 327.6 292.0 331.0 1.00 25 493 5990 -5.5 -29.5 13 24.0 -11.9 220 11 327.7 327.8 291.7 330.1 0.67 26 489 6054 -6.1 -21.1 29 15.0 -11.1 220 12 327.7 328.0 292.4 332.8 1.45 27 485 6118 -6.5 -26.5 19 20.0 -12.2 219 12 328.0 328.1 292.0 331.2 0.90 28 478 6231 -7.5 -26.5 20 19.0 -12.9 209 11 328.1 328.3 292.1 331.4 0.92 29 473 6313 -8.1 -18.1 44 10.0 -11.6 203 11 328.3 328.7 293.1 335.1 1.94 30 467 6411 -9.1 -16.1 57 7.0 -11.7 195 10 328.3 328.8 293.4 336.3 2.33 31 431 7026 -12.7 -27.7 27 15.0 -16.6 234 10 331.3 331.5 293.0 334.6 0.91 32 401 7571 -16.1 -30.1 29 14.0 -19.4 191 8 333.8 334.0 293.5 336.7 0.78 33 400 7590 -16.3 -28.3 35 12.0 -19.3 190 8 333.8 334.0 293.6 337.2 0.93 34 393 7722 -16.7 -39.7 12 23.0 -20.8 191 8 335.0 335.0 293.4 336.2 0.31 35 353 8511 -23.1 -46.1 10 23.0 -26.1 200 11 336.8 336.8 293.7 337.5 0.17 36 334 8911 -26.5 -46.5 13 20.0 -28.8 204 12 337.5 337.5 293.9 338.2 0.18 37 332 8954 -26.9 -46.9 13 20.0 -29.2 204 12 337.5 337.6 293.9 338.2 0.17 38 329 9019 -27.5 -39.5 31 12.0 -29.2 205 13 337.6 337.7 294.1 339.1 0.38 39 328 9041 -27.7 -35.7 46 8.0 -29.0 205 13 337.6 337.7 294.3 339.7 0.56 40 304 9578 -32.7 -41.7 40 9.0 -33.7 216 14 338.0 338.1 294.1 339.3 0.32 41 300 9670 -33.5 -41.5 44 8.0 -34.4 220 14 338.2 338.2 294.2 339.5 0.34 42 274 10298 -39.5 -43.1 68 3.6 -39.8 247 14 338.4 338.4 294.2 339.6 0.31 43 267 10475 -41.1 -43.5 78 2.4 -41.3 246 15 338.5 338.6 294.3 339.7 0.30 44 266 10500 -41.3 -43.3 81 2.0 -41.5 245 15 338.6 338.7 294.3 339.8 0.31 45 265 10526 -41.5 -43.1 84 1.6 -41.6 244 15 338.7 338.7 294.3 339.9 0.32 46 264 10551 -41.3 -43.7 77 2.4 -41.5 243 15 339.3 339.4 294.4 340.5 0.30 47 263 10577 -41.1 -45.9 60 4.8 -41.5 242 16 340.0 340.0 294.6 340.9 0.24 48 256 10760 -42.3 -46.7 62 4.4 -42.6 236 17 340.9 340.9 294.7 341.8 0.22 49 250 10920 -43.5 -49.5 51 6.0 -43.9 230 18 341.4 341.4 294.8 342.1 0.17 50 238 11249 -45.5 -57.5 25 12.0 -46.0 225 16 343.2 343.2 295.1 343.5 0.07 51 221 11737 -49.9 -62.9 20 13.0 -50.3 222 14 343.8 343.8 295.3 343.9 0.04 52 212 12007 -52.3 -63.3 25 11.0 -52.6 227 14 344.2 344.2 295.3 344.3 0.04 53 207 12160 -53.7 -60.7 42 7.0 -53.9 229 14 344.3 344.3 295.4 344.5 0.05 54 200 12380 -55.5 -64.5 32 9.0 -55.7 235 14 344.9 344.9 295.5 345.0 0.03 55 152 14071 -70.5 -76.5 41 6.0 -70.5 267 11 347.3 347.3 296.0 347.4 0.01 56 150 14150 -71.1 -77.1 41 6.0 -71.1 265 10 347.6 347.6 296.1 347.6 0.01 57 135 14766 -75.5 -80.5 45 5.0 -75.5 230 7 350.4 350.4 296.7 350.5 0.00 58 127 15117 -77.3 -83.3 38 6.0 -77.3 200 18 353.4 353.4 297.4 353.4 0.00 59 122 15347 -77.5 -83.5 37 6.0 -77.5 197 19 357.1 357.1 298.1 357.1 0.00 60 116 15637 -75.7 -83.7 27 8.0 -75.7 210 21 365.6 365.6 299.8 365.6 0.00 61 100 16490 -77.9 -86.9 22 9.0 -77.9 275 21 377.2 377.2 301.8 377.2 0.00 62 86 17355 -74.9 -87.9 12 13.0 -74.9 289 10 399.9 399.9 305.2 399.9 0.00 63 71 18450 -80.1 -92.1 12 12.0 -80.1 282 9 411.3 411.3 306.7 411.4 0.00 64 70 18530 -79.1 -92.1 10 13.0 -79.1 290 10 415.2 415.2 307.2 415.2 0.00 65 68 18696 -76.5 -90.5 9 14.0 -76.6 265 7 424.2 424.2 308.2 424.2 0.00 66 62 19228 -77.5 -89.5 13 12.0 -77.6 276 7 433.4 433.4 309.2 433.4 0.00 67 55 19928 -69.9 -87.9 6 18.0 -70.1 192 5 465.9 465.9 312.3 465.9 0.00 68 53 20152 -63.9 -87.9 2 24.0 -64.3 213 8 484.8 484.8 313.8 484.8 0.00 69 50 20510 -63.9 -90.9 1 27.0 -64.3 200 12 492.9 492.9 314.4 492.9 0.00 70 48 20759 -65.1 -94.1 1 29.0 -65.4 118 7 495.8 495.8 314.7 495.8 0.00 71 41 21727 -61.5 -94.5 0 33.0 -62.1 32 6 527.7 527.7 316.8 527.7 0.00 72 34 22881 -63.3 -96.3 0 33.0 -63.8 99 11 552.0 552.0 318.2 552.0 0.00 73 31 23454 -58.7 -92.7 0 34.0 -59.7 84 10 579.2 579.2 319.6 579.2 0.00 74 30 23660 -58.5 -92.5 1 34.0 -59.6 80 12 585.2 585.2 319.9 585.2 0.00 75 23 25340 -57.7 -91.7 1 34.0 -59.2 126 16 633.7 633.7 322.0 633.7 0.00 76 20 26230 -55.1 -90.1 1 35.0 -57.3 155 8 667.5 667.5 323.3 667.6 0.01 77 18 26908 -52.3 -88.3 1 36.0 -55.4 163 6 696.8 696.8 324.3 696.8 0.01 78 15 28084 -53.9 -88.9 1 35.0 -56.9 228 6 728.7 728.8 325.3 728.8 0.01 79 14 28530 -51.5 -87.5 1 36.0 -55.5 237 8 751.4 751.4 326.0 751.5 0.01 80 11 30079 -56.7 -91.7 0 35.0 -59.7 302 28 786.2 786.2 326.9 786.2 0.01 81 10 30690 -51.9 -87.9 1 36.0 -56.7 300 35 825.8 825.8 327.8 826.0 0.02 82 9.9 30755 -51.9 -87.9 1 36.0 -56.7 828.2 828.2 327.9 828.3 0.02 83 9.6 30956 -48.7 -85.7 1 37.0 -54.9 847.6 847.6 328.4 847.8 0.03 84 8.1 32086 -43.3 -81.3 1 38.0 -52.8 911.2 911.2 329.7 911.9 0.07 TRP 127 15117 -77.3 -83.3 38 6.0 -77.3 200 18 353.4 353.4 297.4 353.4 0.00 WND Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5794.00 m Freezing level: 549.54 mb = 5130.74 m = 16832.94 ft Wetbulb zero: 620.79 mb = 4145.31 m = 13599.94 ft Precipitable water: 1.81 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 56.84 % Est. max temperature: 33.43 C = 92.17 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 885.91 mb = 1149.43 m = 3771.04 ft T: 21.30 C 700-500 lapse rate: 5.40 C/km ThetaE index: 12.37 C Layer 964.0- 920.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 864.84 mb = 1357.10 m = 4452.39 ft Mean mixing ratio: 17.15 g/kg Conv temperature: 33.12 C = 91.62 F Cap Strength: 2.41 C Lifted Index: -2.61 C Risk: Severe thunderstorms possible Lifted Index @300 mb: -6.45 C Lifted Index @700 mb: -1.27 C Showalter Index: 1.08 C Risk: Showers probable Total Totals Index: 42.80 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 23.90 C Cross Totals Index: 18.90 C K Index: 26.10 Risk: 40-60 % chance of thunderstorms Sweat Index: 184.40 Risk: None Energy Index: -1.96 Risk: Scattered severe thunderstorms Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 1964.78 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 62.69 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 49.51 J/kg Cap Strength: 2.18 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 911.92 mb = 898.78 m = 2948.71 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): 766.92 mb = 2388.12 m = 7834.95 ft Equ Level (EL): 126.92 mb = 15121.12 m = 49609.38 ft B at Equ Level: 1941.00 J/kg Max Parcel Lev (MPL): 76.92 mb = 17992.75 m = 59030.63 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 178 at 7 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 1009 28 320 3 1.9 -2.3 | 346 9 2.2 -9.0 1 1000 86 245 6 5.4 2.5 | 306 7 5.7 -4.1 2 976 305 265 14 13.9 1.2 | 291 15 14.2 -5.4 3 925 775 260 10 9.8 1.7 | 296 11 10.1 -4.9 4 910 914 265 4 4.0 0.3 | 326 8 4.2 -6.3 5 879 1219 325 4 2.3 -3.3 | 346 10 2.5 -9.9 6 850 1506 275 2 2.0 -0.2 | 342 7 2.2 -6.8 7 848 1524 265 2 2.0 0.2 | 341 7 2.2 -6.5 8 818 1829 70 2 -1.9 -0.7 | 13 8 -1.6 -7.3 9 790 2134 125 6 -4.9 3.4 | 55 6 -4.7 -3.2 10 762 2438 100 8 -7.9 1.4 | 55 9 -7.6 -5.3 11 700 3159 110 14 -13.2 4.8 | 82 13 -12.9 -1.9 12 683 3353 110 14 -13.2 4.8 | 82 13 -12.9 -1.9 13 634 3962 85 6 -6.0 -0.5 | 39 9 -5.7 -7.2 14 610 4267 160 8 -2.7 7.5 | 109 3 -2.5 0.9 15 545 5182 145 14 -8.0 11.5 | 122 9 -7.8 4.8 16 506 5791 220 8 5.1 6.1 | 276 5 5.4 -0.5 17 500 5880 220 10 6.4 7.7 | 261 7 6.7 1.0 18 486 6096 220 12 7.7 9.2 | 252 8 8.0 2.5 19 467 6401 195 10 2.6 9.7 | 223 4 2.8 3.0 20 431 7010 235 10 8.2 5.7 | 276 8 8.4 -0.9 21 400 7590 190 8 1.4 7.9 | 233 2 1.6 1.2 22 398 7620 190 8 1.4 7.9 | 233 2 1.6 1.2 23 309 9449 210 14 7.0 12.1 | 233 9 7.2 5.5 24 300 9670 220 14 9.0 10.7 | 246 10 9.2 4.1 25 271 10363 250 14 13.2 4.8 | 278 14 13.4 -1.9 26 250 10920 230 18 13.8 11.6 | 251 15 14.0 4.9 27 226 11582 220 14 9.0 10.7 | 246 10 9.2 4.1 28 206 12192 230 14 10.7 9.0 | 258 11 11.0 2.3 29 200 12380 235 14 11.5 8.0 | 263 12 11.7 1.4 30 178 13106 290 18 16.9 -6.2 | 307 21 17.2 -12.8 31 150 14150 265 10 10.0 0.9 | 300 12 10.2 -5.8 32 146 14326 265 8 8.0 0.7 | 306 10 8.2 -6.0 33 138 14630 230 4 3.1 2.6 | 321 5 3.3 -4.1 34 131 14935 230 10 7.7 6.4 | 272 8 7.9 -0.2 35 127 15117 200 18 6.2 16.9 | 212 12 6.4 10.3 36 118 15545 195 19 4.9 18.4 | 204 13 5.2 11.7 37 112 15850 245 27 24.5 11.4 | 259 25 24.7 4.7 38 101 16459 275 27 26.9 -2.4 | 288 29 27.1 -9.0 39 100 16490 275 21 20.9 -1.8 | 292 23 21.2 -8.5 40 95 16764 295 14 12.7 -5.9 | 314 18 12.9 -12.6 41 81 17678 285 8 7.7 -2.1 | 318 12 8.0 -8.7 42 77 17983 245 8 7.3 3.4 | 294 8 7.5 -3.3 43 73 18288 265 6 6.0 0.5 | 315 9 6.2 -6.1 44 70 18530 290 10 9.4 -3.4 | 316 14 9.6 -10.1 45 69 18593 265 8 8.0 0.7 | 306 10 8.2 -6.0 46 66 18898 265 6 6.0 0.5 | 315 9 6.2 -6.1 47 59 19507 285 8 7.7 -2.1 | 318 12 8.0 -8.7 48 56 19812 170 2 -0.3 2.0 | 1 5 -0.1 -4.7 49 53 20117 220 8 5.1 6.1 | 276 5 5.4 -0.5 50 51 20422 180 8 0.0 8.0 | 190 1 0.2 1.3 51 50 20510 200 12 4.1 11.3 | 223 6 4.4 4.6 52 46 21031 30 2 -1.0 -1.7 | 5 8 -0.8 -8.4 53 42 21641 30 4 -2.0 -3.5 | 10 10 -1.8 -10.1 54 38 22250 40 19 -12.2 -14.6 | 29 24 -12.0 -21.2 55 36 22555 110 14 -13.2 4.8 | 82 13 -12.9 -1.9 56 33 23165 90 8 -8.0 0.0 | 49 10 -7.8 -6.7 57 30 23660 80 12 -11.8 -2.1 | 53 15 -11.6 -8.7 58 29 23774 110 10 -9.4 3.4 | 70 10 -9.1 -3.2 59 28 24079 105 14 -13.5 3.6 | 77 14 -13.3 -3.0 60 26 24689 130 18 -13.8 11.6 | 110 14 -13.5 4.9 61 23 25298 125 16 -13.1 9.2 | 101 13 -12.9 2.5 62 20 26230 155 8 -3.4 7.3 | 101 3 -3.1 0.6 63 17 27127 165 6 -1.6 5.8 | 56 2 -1.3 -0.9 64 17 27432 215 4 2.3 3.3 | 323 4 2.5 -3.4 65 14 28651 240 8 6.9 4.0 | 290 8 7.2 -2.7 66 13 28956 305 14 11.5 -8.0 | 321 19 11.7 -14.7 67 10 30690 300 35 30.3 -17.5 | 308 39 30.6 -24.2 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 147.9 at 8.9 knts Storm direction: 177.9 at 6.7 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 2.0 neg: 1.2 tot: 3.3 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 91.3 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 53.8 neg: -20.8 tot: 33.0 m^2/s^2 ave: 11.0 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.26 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 8.8 stream: 2.3 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.47 Bulk Rich Number: 56.10 Bulk Shear: 35.03 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 262 10 296 12| 0.0 11.1 11.1| 1.4 -18.4 -16.9 -33.9 -0.51| 16.5 -8.5 1000 263 9 300 11| 4.4 5.5 10.0| 17.5 -18.4 -0.8 -0.8 -0.07| 13.2 -0.9 1500 268 7 310 10| 3.0 3.3 6.3| 23.0 -20.3 2.7 1.8 -0.01| 10.8 -0.1 2000 268 6 315 9| 2.2 1.7 3.9| 38.7 -20.3 18.4 9.2 0.18| 10.4 1.9 2500 257 6 309 8| 1.8 1.5 3.2| 43.6 -20.8 22.8 9.1 0.21| 9.6 2.0 3000 205 7 275 3| 2.0 1.2 3.3| 53.8 -20.8 33.0 11.0 0.26| 8.8 2.3 4000 122 8 70 7| 1.5 0.7 2.2| 59.3 -44.2 15.1 3.8 0.12| 8.1 1.0 5000 135 8 83 6| 1.2 0.6 1.9| 67.4 -44.3 23.1 4.6 0.18| 7.8 1.4 6000 148 9 101 5| 0.6 0.5 1.1| 86.2 -47.4 38.7 6.5 0.27| 8.1 2.2 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//MMAA/skewt/MMAA.skewt.20251201.00.gif