UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025101712.upa.cvt Date: 1200Z 17 OCT 25 Searching for MMAA... Searching the city database file for: MMAA ... Date:1200Z 17 OCT 25 Station: MMAA WMO ident: 76805 Latitude: 16.83 Longitude: -99.93 Elevation: 28.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SFC 1008 28 25.6 24.3 93 1.3 24.7 45 1 298.1 301.6 297.5 354.3 19.31 1 1000 77 25.8 23.5 87 2.3 24.2 75 2 299.0 302.3 297.3 353.0 18.53 2 972 328 25.2 21.0 78 4.2 22.2 314 2 300.8 303.8 296.3 348.7 16.32 3 925 763 21.4 20.7 96 0.7 20.9 290 6 301.2 304.3 296.8 350.8 16.84 4 923 782 21.2 20.6 96 0.6 20.8 289 6 301.2 304.3 296.7 350.5 16.78 5 871 1283 19.0 14.6 76 4.4 16.1 278 6 303.9 306.2 294.3 339.9 12.08 6 853 1463 18.0 13.2 74 4.8 14.8 288 8 304.7 306.8 293.9 338.3 11.25 7 850 1493 18.0 13.8 76 4.2 15.2 290 8 305.0 307.2 294.3 340.1 11.75 8 839 1604 17.2 14.7 85 2.5 15.5 295 7 305.3 307.6 295.1 343.1 12.64 9 833 1665 17.6 10.6 64 7.0 13.1 298 7 306.3 308.2 293.2 335.5 9.68 10 762 2421 13.8 4.8 55 9.0 8.5 0 8 310.1 311.5 292.3 332.0 7.09 11 744 2621 12.2 9.0 81 3.2 10.2 19 9 310.5 312.4 294.4 340.4 9.74 12 700 3129 9.0 6.8 86 2.2 7.6 50 10 312.5 314.1 294.3 340.0 8.90 13 662 3589 6.4 4.7 89 1.7 5.4 47 10 314.6 316.1 294.3 339.9 8.12 14 624 4071 3.8 1.9 87 1.9 2.7 51 9 316.9 318.3 294.1 339.3 7.06 15 609 4268 2.8 -2.2 70 5.0 0.2 64 8 318.0 319.0 293.1 335.2 5.35 16 601 4375 2.4 -2.6 70 5.0 -0.2 64 9 318.7 319.8 293.2 335.7 5.26 17 596 4442 1.8 -0.3 86 2.1 0.7 62 10 318.8 320.0 294.0 338.9 6.29 18 500 5840 -5.1 -7.3 85 2.2 -6.1 120 4 326.8 327.7 294.7 341.6 4.43 19 454 6596 -8.5 -11.8 77 3.3 -9.9 32 5 331.7 332.4 295.1 343.4 3.41 20 400 7570 -14.5 -18.6 71 4.1 -15.9 95 8 336.1 336.6 295.3 344.0 2.20 21 363 8300 -19.3 -24.3 65 5.0 -20.7 136 8 339.2 339.5 295.4 344.6 1.47 22 313 9386 -27.7 -33.7 57 6.0 -28.8 181 10 342.2 342.3 295.5 344.9 0.71 23 300 9690 -29.9 -37.9 46 8.0 -31.1 180 10 343.2 343.3 295.6 345.1 0.49 24 263 10605 -37.5 -49.5 28 12.0 -38.4 162 12 345.3 345.3 295.7 345.9 0.16 25 250 10950 -40.7 -52.7 26 12.0 -41.5 160 10 345.6 345.6 295.7 346.0 0.12 26 231 11488 -45.3 -59.3 19 14.0 -45.9 147 12 346.5 346.5 295.9 346.7 0.06 27 218 11875 -48.5 -63.5 16 15.0 -49.0 154 13 347.3 347.3 296.1 347.5 0.03 28 212 12059 -49.9 -58.9 34 9.0 -50.2 160 14 347.9 347.9 296.3 348.2 0.06 29 203 12343 -52.7 -60.7 37 8.0 -52.9 165 15 347.8 347.8 296.2 348.1 0.05 30 200 12440 -53.5 -64.5 25 11.0 -53.8 165 16 348.0 348.1 296.3 348.2 0.03 31 198 12504 -53.9 -66.9 19 13.0 -54.2 159 15 348.4 348.4 296.3 348.5 0.02 32 152 14141 -67.7 -80.7 14 13.0 -67.8 94 9 352.1 352.1 297.1 352.1 0.00 33 150 14220 -68.3 -80.3 16 12.0 -68.4 105 10 352.4 352.4 297.1 352.4 0.00 34 105 16294 -79.9 -86.9 30 7.0 -79.9 125 8 368.2 368.2 300.2 368.2 0.00 35 100 16570 -79.5 -86.5 30 7.0 -79.5 165 6 374.1 374.1 301.3 374.1 0.00 36 83 17633 -75.1 -84.1 23 9.0 -75.2 119 11 403.6 403.6 305.7 403.6 0.00 37 76 18138 -77.5 -85.5 26 8.0 -77.5 170 12 408.9 408.9 306.4 408.9 0.00 38 70 18610 -75.3 -86.3 16 11.0 -75.3 345 4 423.3 423.3 308.1 423.3 0.00 39 67 18864 -75.5 -86.5 16 11.0 -75.6 116 6 428.2 428.2 308.6 428.2 0.00 40 65 19040 -71.7 -86.7 9 15.0 -71.8 150 4 440.2 440.2 309.9 440.2 0.00 41 56 19928 -67.5 -87.5 4 20.0 -67.7 129 7 469.0 469.0 312.5 469.0 0.00 42 50 20610 -67.9 -90.9 2 23.0 -68.1 25 8 483.5 483.5 313.7 483.5 0.00 43 48 20855 -69.7 -91.7 3 22.0 -69.9 19 8 484.9 484.9 313.8 484.9 0.00 44 44 21381 -64.1 -91.1 1 27.0 -64.5 48 11 510.8 510.8 315.7 510.8 0.00 45 40 21965 -63.5 -92.5 1 29.0 -64.0 116 16 526.4 526.4 316.7 526.4 0.00 46 36 22623 -57.1 -91.1 1 34.0 -58.2 98 24 559.1 559.1 318.6 559.1 0.00 47 31 23564 -59.7 -93.7 0 34.0 -60.6 89 31 576.5 576.5 319.5 576.5 0.00 48 30 23770 -56.9 -90.9 1 34.0 -58.2 85 31 589.5 589.5 320.1 589.5 0.00 49 29 23986 -55.9 -90.9 0 35.0 -57.4 84 34 598.0 598.0 320.5 598.0 0.00 50 26 24683 -55.3 -90.3 1 35.0 -57.1 80 43 618.7 618.7 321.5 618.7 0.00 51 23 25476 -50.1 -86.1 1 36.0 -53.2 85 42 656.1 656.1 322.9 656.1 0.01 52 20 26390 -50.5 -86.5 1 36.0 -53.8 90 41 681.6 681.6 323.8 681.7 0.01 53 16 27851 -47.7 -84.7 1 37.0 -52.6 91 44 735.7 735.7 325.6 735.8 0.02 54 14 28725 -50.5 -86.5 1 36.0 -54.8 82 37 754.8 754.8 326.1 754.9 0.02 55 11 30310 -46.3 -83.3 1 37.0 -53.0 106 22 823.9 824.0 327.8 824.3 0.03 56 10 30940 -47.7 -84.7 1 37.0 -54.2 110 19 841.5 841.5 328.2 841.8 0.03 57 9.4 31349 -47.3 -84.3 1 37.0 -54.2 858.0 858.1 328.5 858.4 0.03 TRP 105 16294 -79.9 -86.9 30 7.0 -79.9 125 8 368.2 368.2 300.2 368.2 0.00 WND Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5763.00 m Freezing level: 570.96 mb = 4806.88 m = 15770.43 ft Wetbulb zero: 604.55 mb = 4327.24 m = 14196.80 ft Precipitable water: 2.20 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 80.52 % Est. max temperature: 32.02 C = 89.64 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 989.58 mb = 169.61 m = 556.47 ft T: 25.58 C 700-500 lapse rate: 5.20 C/km ThetaE index: 12.45 C Layer 923.0- 850.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 903.91 mb = 962.55 m = 3157.94 ft Mean mixing ratio: 16.91 g/kg Conv temperature: 29.71 C = 85.47 F Cap Strength: 0.59 C Lifted Index: -2.25 C Risk: Severe thunderstorms possible Lifted Index @300 mb: -1.68 C Lifted Index @700 mb: -1.68 C Showalter Index: 1.62 C Risk: Showers probable Total Totals Index: 42.00 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 23.10 C Cross Totals Index: 18.90 C K Index: 34.70 Risk: 60-80 % chance of thunderstorms Sweat Index: 185.60 Risk: None Energy Index: 0.20 Risk: None Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 688.50 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 37.11 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 21.02 J/kg Cap Strength: 0.59 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 925.06 mb = 762.44 m = 2501.40 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): 760.06 mb = 2442.05 m = 8011.89 ft Equ Level (EL): 170.06 mb = 13445.84 m = 44113.11 ft B at Equ Level: 681.70 J/kg Max Parcel Lev (MPL): 100.06 mb = 16566.64 m = 54351.83 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 69 at 6 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 1008 28 45 1 -0.7 -0.7 | 254 5 4.6 1.3 1 1000 77 75 2 -1.9 -0.5 | 246 4 3.4 1.5 2 974 305 315 2 1.4 -1.4 | 265 7 6.8 0.6 3 925 763 290 6 5.6 -2.1 | 270 11 11.0 -0.0 4 909 914 280 8 7.9 -1.4 | 267 13 13.2 0.6 5 877 1219 275 6 6.0 -0.5 | 263 11 11.3 1.5 6 850 1493 290 8 7.5 -2.7 | 273 13 12.9 -0.7 7 817 1829 305 6 4.9 -3.4 | 278 10 10.3 -1.4 8 707 3048 60 10 -8.7 -5.0 | 48 4 -3.3 -3.0 9 700 3129 50 10 -7.7 -6.4 | 28 5 -2.3 -4.4 10 631 3962 45 10 -7.1 -7.1 | 19 5 -1.7 -5.1 11 608 4267 65 8 -7.3 -3.4 | 54 2 -1.9 -1.4 12 585 4572 60 12 -10.4 -6.0 | 52 6 -5.1 -4.0 13 503 5791 125 4 -3.3 2.3 | 206 5 2.1 4.3 14 500 5840 120 4 -3.5 2.0 | 205 4 1.9 4.0 15 484 6096 110 8 -7.5 2.7 | 155 5 -2.2 4.7 16 430 7010 325 2 1.1 -1.6 | 267 6 6.5 0.4 17 413 7315 55 2 -1.6 -1.1 | 257 4 3.7 0.9 18 400 7570 95 8 -8.0 0.7 | 136 4 -2.6 2.7 19 397 7620 90 6 -6.0 0.0 | 162 2 -0.7 2.0 20 366 8230 135 8 -5.7 5.7 | 178 8 -0.3 7.7 21 337 8839 145 10 -5.7 8.2 | 178 10 -0.4 10.2 22 323 9144 170 10 -1.7 9.8 | 197 12 3.6 11.9 23 310 9449 185 10 0.9 10.0 | 207 13 6.2 12.0 24 300 9690 180 10 0.0 10.0 | 204 13 5.3 12.0 25 284 10058 165 14 -3.6 13.5 | 186 16 1.7 15.5 26 250 10950 160 10 -3.4 9.4 | 190 12 1.9 11.4 27 227 11582 145 12 -6.9 9.8 | 173 12 -1.5 11.8 28 208 12192 165 14 -3.6 13.5 | 186 16 1.7 15.5 29 200 12440 165 16 -4.1 15.5 | 184 18 1.2 17.5 30 163 13716 35 2 -1.1 -1.6 | 265 4 4.2 0.4 31 150 14220 105 10 -9.7 2.6 | 137 6 -4.3 4.6 32 140 14630 145 19 -10.9 15.6 | 162 18 -5.6 17.6 33 126 15240 140 18 -11.6 13.8 | 158 17 -6.2 15.8 34 108 16154 180 14 0.0 14.0 | 198 17 5.3 16.0 35 105 16294 125 8 -6.6 4.6 | 170 7 -1.2 6.6 36 102 16459 125 8 -6.6 4.6 | 170 7 -1.2 6.6 37 100 16570 165 6 -1.6 5.8 | 206 9 3.8 7.8 38 97 16764 165 6 -1.6 5.8 | 206 9 3.8 7.8 39 92 17069 35 2 -1.1 -1.6 | 265 4 4.2 0.4 40 87 17374 80 10 -9.8 -1.7 | 93 5 -4.5 0.3 41 78 17983 170 12 -2.1 11.8 | 193 14 3.3 13.8 42 74 18288 170 12 -2.1 11.8 | 193 14 3.3 13.8 43 70 18593 300 4 3.5 -2.0 | 270 9 8.8 0.0 44 70 18610 345 4 1.0 -3.9 | 286 7 6.4 -1.9 45 67 18898 130 6 -4.6 3.9 | 187 6 0.7 5.9 46 63 19202 170 2 -0.3 2.0 | 231 6 5.0 4.0 47 60 19507 175 6 -0.5 6.0 | 211 9 4.8 8.0 48 54 20117 110 8 -7.5 2.7 | 155 5 -2.2 4.7 49 52 20422 30 10 -5.0 -8.7 | 357 7 0.3 -6.7 50 50 20610 25 8 -3.4 -7.3 | 340 6 2.0 -5.2 51 47 21031 15 8 -2.1 -7.7 | 330 7 3.3 -5.7 52 44 21336 40 10 -6.4 -7.7 | 11 6 -1.1 -5.7 53 40 21946 115 16 -14.5 6.8 | 134 13 -9.2 8.8 54 38 22250 120 19 -16.5 9.5 | 136 16 -11.1 11.5 55 37 22555 95 21 -20.9 1.8 | 104 16 -15.6 3.8 56 35 22860 105 31 -29.9 8.0 | 112 27 -24.6 10.0 57 30 23770 85 31 -30.9 -2.7 | 88 26 -25.5 -0.7 58 26 24689 80 43 -42.3 -7.5 | 82 37 -37.0 -5.5 59 20 26390 90 41 -41.0 0.0 | 93 36 -35.7 2.0 60 17 27432 95 47 -46.8 4.1 | 98 42 -41.5 6.1 61 14 28956 80 35 -34.5 -6.1 | 82 29 -29.1 -4.1 62 11 30175 105 23 -22.2 6.0 | 115 19 -16.9 8.0 63 10 30940 110 19 -17.9 6.5 | 124 15 -12.5 8.5 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 39.4 at 7.6 knts Storm direction: 69.4 at 5.7 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 2.8 neg: 1.4 tot: 4.1 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 149.3 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 42.2 neg: -6.3 tot: 35.8 m^2/s^2 ave: 11.9 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.53 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 5.8 stream: 3.1 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.08 Bulk Rich Number: 103.04 Bulk Shear: 6.68 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 331 2 270 6| 0.0 4.4 4.4| 2.8 -0.7 2.1 4.2 0.24| 6.3 1.5 1000 293 4 268 9| 0.0 4.1 4.1| 2.9 -4.5 -1.6 -1.6 0.03| 5.9 0.2 1500 288 5 268 10| 0.6 2.7 3.3| 10.5 -6.3 4.2 2.8 0.14| 5.3 0.7 2000 293 6 271 10| 1.4 2.0 3.4| 18.7 -6.3 12.4 6.2 0.25| 5.1 1.3 2500 306 6 278 10| 2.3 1.6 3.9| 31.9 -6.3 25.5 10.2 0.41| 5.4 2.2 3000 323 6 289 10| 2.8 1.4 4.1| 42.2 -6.3 35.8 11.9 0.53| 5.8 3.1 4000 6 7 319 7| 2.0 1.2 3.2| 42.8 -9.0 33.8 8.4 0.44| 4.8 2.1 5000 29 8 342 5| 1.8 0.9 2.7| 50.2 -9.2 41.0 8.2 0.47| 4.9 2.3 6000 39 8 352 4| 1.3 0.8 2.1| 56.9 -12.8 44.2 7.4 0.45| 5.0 2.2 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//MMAA/skewt/MMAA.skewt.20251017.12.gif