UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025101200.upa.cvt Date: 0000Z 12 OCT 25 Searching for MMAA... Searching the city database file for: MMAA ... Date:0000Z 12 OCT 25 Station: MMAA WMO ident: 76805 Latitude: 16.83 Longitude: -99.93 Elevation: 28.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SFC 1008 28 30.2 24.2 70 6.0 25.7 220 4 302.7 306.2 298.6 359.6 19.19 1 1007 33 29.4 24.8 76 4.6 26.0 225 4 301.9 305.6 298.9 360.9 19.94 2 1000 71 28.4 24.0 77 4.4 25.2 260 6 301.5 305.1 298.3 358.0 19.11 3 979 260 26.2 23.2 84 3.0 24.0 263 7 301.2 304.6 297.9 356.0 18.59 4 948 545 25.2 18.2 65 7.0 20.3 267 9 302.9 305.5 295.4 344.4 14.01 5 925 762 23.8 17.8 69 6.0 19.6 270 10 303.6 306.2 295.6 345.2 14.00 6 850 1494 19.8 10.8 56 9.0 14.0 240 8 306.9 308.7 293.3 335.9 9.61 7 825 1751 17.8 13.7 77 4.1 15.1 192 8 307.4 309.7 295.2 343.7 12.03 8 783 2197 16.6 10.6 68 6.0 12.7 147 8 310.7 312.7 294.9 342.3 10.31 9 700 3144 11.0 6.5 74 4.5 8.2 85 10 314.7 316.3 294.8 341.9 8.71 10 666 3559 8.0 5.6 85 2.4 6.5 64 12 315.8 317.5 295.0 342.8 8.60 11 592 4526 2.6 -0.8 78 3.4 0.8 31 13 320.4 321.5 294.3 340.0 6.11 12 577 4735 1.4 -1.6 80 3.0 -0.2 25 14 321.3 322.5 294.4 340.4 5.91 13 568 4862 1.0 -7.0 55 8.0 -2.8 21 14 322.3 323.1 293.2 335.4 3.98 14 553 5077 -0.5 -4.5 74 4.0 -2.5 26 14 323.0 324.0 294.1 339.2 4.96 15 500 5880 -5.1 -9.7 70 4.6 -7.1 30 12 326.8 327.6 294.1 339.1 3.66 16 471 6345 -8.5 -12.1 75 3.6 -10.0 44 13 328.2 328.9 294.1 339.1 3.21 17 458 6561 -9.5 -15.5 62 6.0 -11.8 50 14 329.6 330.1 293.9 338.2 2.50 18 453 6645 -10.1 -14.7 69 4.6 -11.9 53 14 329.9 330.5 294.1 339.2 2.70 19 444 6799 -11.1 -13.7 81 2.6 -12.1 56 14 330.5 331.1 294.5 340.8 2.99 20 429 7061 -12.7 -17.6 67 4.9 -14.4 61 16 331.8 332.2 294.2 339.6 2.24 21 414 7331 -14.5 -18.1 74 3.6 -15.7 66 18 332.9 333.3 294.5 340.6 2.22 22 411 7386 -14.7 -17.5 79 2.8 -15.7 66 18 333.3 333.8 294.7 341.5 2.36 23 409 7423 -15.1 -17.4 83 2.3 -15.9 67 18 333.2 333.7 294.7 341.6 2.39 24 407 7459 -15.3 -19.4 71 4.1 -16.6 68 18 333.4 333.9 294.4 340.6 2.02 25 404 7515 -15.3 -24.3 46 9.0 -17.9 69 19 334.2 334.4 294.0 338.9 1.32 26 400 7590 -16.1 -24.1 50 8.0 -18.4 70 19 334.1 334.3 294.1 339.0 1.36 27 398 7627 -16.3 -22.3 60 6.0 -18.1 70 18 334.3 334.6 294.3 340.0 1.61 28 395 7684 -16.5 -24.5 50 8.0 -18.7 69 18 334.7 335.0 294.2 339.6 1.33 29 388 7817 -17.3 -21.9 67 4.6 -18.7 68 19 335.4 335.8 294.7 341.5 1.71 30 371 8150 -18.9 -28.9 41 10.0 -21.3 64 21 337.6 337.8 294.6 341.1 0.95 31 356 8454 -21.1 -32.1 37 11.0 -23.4 61 22 338.7 338.8 294.7 341.4 0.73 32 341 8769 -23.5 -26.5 76 3.0 -24.2 62 22 339.6 339.9 295.4 344.3 1.29 33 337 8855 -23.9 -26.1 82 2.2 -24.5 63 22 340.2 340.5 295.6 345.2 1.35 34 331 8985 -24.9 -29.0 69 4.1 -25.8 64 21 340.6 340.8 295.4 344.5 1.05 35 330 9007 -24.9 -28.0 75 3.1 -25.6 64 21 340.9 341.1 295.6 345.2 1.16 36 325 9117 -25.7 -37.7 32 12.0 -27.6 65 21 341.3 341.4 295.0 343.0 0.46 37 319 9251 -26.7 -41.7 23 15.0 -28.8 66 21 341.7 341.8 295.0 342.9 0.31 38 318 9274 -26.9 -43.9 18 17.0 -29.1 66 20 341.7 341.8 295.0 342.7 0.24 39 316 9319 -27.1 -37.1 38 10.0 -28.7 67 20 342.1 342.2 295.3 344.0 0.50 40 315 9342 -27.1 -33.1 57 6.0 -28.2 67 20 342.4 342.5 295.6 345.2 0.75 41 313 9387 -27.1 -37.1 38 10.0 -28.7 67 20 343.0 343.1 295.5 345.0 0.51 42 308 9503 -28.1 -42.1 25 14.0 -30.0 68 20 343.2 343.2 295.4 344.4 0.31 43 305 9572 -28.7 -44.7 20 16.0 -30.6 69 19 343.3 343.4 295.3 344.3 0.23 44 300 9690 -29.7 -39.7 37 10.0 -31.1 70 19 343.5 343.6 295.6 345.1 0.40 45 299 9714 -29.9 -37.9 46 8.0 -31.1 70 19 343.6 343.7 295.6 345.5 0.49 46 287 10006 -32.5 -37.4 62 4.9 -33.2 71 18 343.9 344.0 295.7 346.0 0.53 47 279 10206 -33.7 -42.7 40 9.0 -34.7 72 17 345.0 345.0 295.8 346.2 0.32 48 250 10970 -39.7 -56.7 15 17.0 -40.6 75 14 347.0 347.1 296.0 347.3 0.07 49 249 10997 -39.9 -58.9 11 19.0 -40.9 75 14 347.1 347.2 296.0 347.4 0.05 50 229 11562 -44.5 -65.5 8 21.0 -45.2 85 14 348.5 348.5 296.3 348.7 0.02 51 219 11858 -47.1 -59.1 24 12.0 -47.6 72 16 349.0 349.0 296.5 349.3 0.06 52 213 12041 -48.7 -65.7 12 17.0 -49.2 75 15 349.3 349.3 296.5 349.4 0.03 53 203 12354 -51.7 -68.7 11 17.0 -52.1 86 14 349.4 349.4 296.5 349.5 0.02 54 200 12450 -52.7 -68.7 13 16.0 -53.0 90 14 349.3 349.3 296.5 349.4 0.02 55 195 12613 -54.3 -69.3 14 15.0 -54.6 92 14 349.3 349.3 296.5 349.4 0.02 56 192 12712 -55.1 -68.1 18 13.0 -55.4 94 13 349.6 349.6 296.5 349.7 0.02 57 188 12846 -56.3 -63.3 41 7.0 -56.5 96 13 349.7 349.8 296.6 349.9 0.04 58 150 14240 -67.7 -74.7 36 7.0 -67.8 70 25 353.5 353.5 297.4 353.5 0.01 59 100 16600 -78.5 -86.5 26 8.0 -78.5 95 25 376.1 376.1 301.6 376.1 0.00 60 93 17010 -81.1 -88.1 30 7.0 -81.1 65 23 378.8 378.8 302.1 378.8 0.00 61 86 17454 -76.3 -86.3 19 10.0 -76.3 76 19 397.1 397.1 304.8 397.1 0.00 62 75 18233 -80.3 -88.3 25 8.0 -80.3 166 6 404.5 404.5 305.8 404.5 0.00 63 70 18630 -71.7 -84.7 13 13.0 -71.8 50 14 431.0 431.0 308.9 431.0 0.00 64 58 19746 -71.1 -88.1 6 17.0 -71.2 104 18 456.2 456.2 311.4 456.2 0.00 65 53 20291 -63.9 -88.9 2 25.0 -64.3 101 18 484.8 484.8 313.8 484.8 0.00 66 50 20650 -62.5 -89.5 1 27.0 -62.9 60 16 496.2 496.2 314.7 496.2 0.00 67 45 21299 -64.9 -92.9 1 28.0 -65.3 64 21 505.6 505.6 315.4 505.6 0.00 68 39 22180 -62.3 -94.3 1 32.0 -62.9 93 32 533.2 533.2 317.1 533.3 0.00 69 38 22341 -59.7 -93.7 0 34.0 -60.4 98 34 543.8 543.8 317.8 543.9 0.00 70 33 23222 -61.5 -94.5 0 33.0 -62.2 85 37 561.5 561.5 318.7 561.5 0.00 71 30 23820 -57.3 -91.3 1 34.0 -58.6 85 39 588.4 588.4 320.0 588.4 0.00 72 26 24728 -55.9 -96.9 0 41.0 -57.5 89 41 617.0 617.0 321.3 617.0 0.00 TRP 93 17010 -81.1 -88.1 30 7.0 -81.1 65 23 378.8 378.8 302.1 378.8 0.00 WND Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5809.00 m Freezing level: 558.00 mb = 5005.57 m = 16422.28 ft Wetbulb zero: 580.23 mb = 4689.36 m = 15384.86 ft Precipitable water: 2.15 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 72.72 % Est. max temperature: 34.08 C = 93.34 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 924.59 mb = 765.84 m = 2512.56 ft T: 23.78 C 700-500 lapse rate: 5.88 C/km ThetaE index: 16.51 C Layer 1000.0- 925.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 829.79 mb = 1700.98 m = 5580.58 ft Mean mixing ratio: 16.02 g/kg Conv temperature: 34.86 C = 94.74 F Cap Strength: 2.58 C Lifted Index: -2.13 C Risk: Severe thunderstorms possible Lifted Index @300 mb: -1.30 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 0.43 C Showalter Index: 3.43 C Risk: None Total Totals Index: 40.80 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 24.90 C Cross Totals Index: 15.90 C K Index: 31.20 Risk: 60-80 % chance of thunderstorms Sweat Index: 157.60 Risk: None Energy Index: 0.69 Risk: None Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 545.14 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 33.02 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 129.88 J/kg Cap Strength: 2.58 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 888.29 mb = 1112.60 m = 3650.21 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): 683.29 mb = 3345.54 m = 10976.06 ft Equ Level (EL): 213.29 mb = 12032.03 m = 39474.69 ft B at Equ Level: 544.24 J/kg Max Parcel Lev (MPL): 113.29 mb = 15873.89 m = 52079.07 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 70 at 8 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 1008 28 220 4 2.6 3.1 | 240 12 10.0 5.8 1 1000 71 260 6 5.9 1.0 | 254 14 13.3 3.7 2 925 762 270 10 10.0 -0.0 | 261 18 17.4 2.7 3 877 1219 275 10 10.0 -0.9 | 264 17 17.4 1.8 4 850 1494 240 8 6.9 4.0 | 245 16 14.3 6.7 5 847 1524 225 8 5.7 5.7 | 237 16 13.1 8.3 6 817 1829 180 8 0.0 8.0 | 215 13 7.4 10.7 7 788 2134 155 8 -3.4 7.3 | 202 11 4.0 9.9 8 761 2438 115 6 -5.4 2.5 | 201 6 2.0 5.2 9 700 3144 85 10 -10.0 -0.9 | 126 3 -2.5 1.8 10 682 3353 80 12 -11.8 -2.1 | 98 4 -4.4 0.6 11 657 3658 55 12 -9.8 -6.9 | 30 5 -2.4 -4.2 12 566 4877 20 14 -4.8 -13.2 | 346 11 2.6 -10.5 13 525 5486 40 14 -9.0 -10.7 | 11 8 -1.6 -8.0 14 505 5791 30 12 -6.0 -10.4 | 350 8 1.4 -7.7 15 500 5880 30 12 -6.0 -10.4 | 350 8 1.4 -7.7 16 449 6706 55 14 -11.5 -8.0 | 37 7 -4.1 -5.3 17 400 7590 70 19 -17.9 -6.5 | 70 11 -10.4 -3.8 18 398 7620 70 18 -16.9 -6.2 | 70 10 -9.5 -3.5 19 351 8534 60 23 -19.9 -11.5 | 55 15 -12.5 -8.8 20 300 9690 70 19 -17.9 -6.5 | 70 11 -10.4 -3.8 21 250 10970 75 14 -13.5 -3.6 | 81 6 -6.1 -0.9 22 228 11582 85 14 -13.9 -1.2 | 103 7 -6.5 1.5 23 218 11887 70 16 -15.0 -5.5 | 70 8 -7.6 -2.8 24 200 12450 90 14 -14.0 0.0 | 112 7 -6.6 2.7 25 180 13106 100 12 -11.8 2.1 | 137 6 -4.4 4.8 26 155 14021 75 21 -20.3 -5.4 | 78 13 -12.9 -2.7 27 150 14240 70 25 -23.5 -8.6 | 70 17 -16.1 -5.9 28 126 15240 70 33 -31.0 -11.3 | 70 25 -23.6 -8.6 29 100 16600 95 25 -24.9 2.2 | 106 18 -17.5 4.9 30 97 16764 95 25 -24.9 2.2 | 106 18 -17.5 4.9 31 93 17010 65 23 -20.8 -9.7 | 62 15 -13.4 -7.0 32 87 17374 65 21 -19.0 -8.9 | 62 13 -11.6 -6.2 33 83 17678 105 12 -11.6 3.1 | 144 7 -4.2 5.8 34 78 17983 170 6 -1.0 5.9 | 217 11 6.4 8.6 35 74 18288 165 6 -1.6 5.8 | 215 10 5.9 8.5 36 70 18593 45 12 -8.5 -8.5 | 10 6 -1.1 -5.8 37 70 18630 50 14 -10.7 -9.0 | 28 7 -3.3 -6.3 38 67 18898 50 14 -10.7 -9.0 | 28 7 -3.3 -6.3 39 60 19507 110 16 -15.0 5.5 | 137 11 -7.6 8.2 40 55 20117 95 21 -20.9 1.8 | 109 14 -13.5 4.5 41 52 20422 105 16 -15.5 4.1 | 130 11 -8.0 6.8 42 50 20650 60 16 -13.9 -8.0 | 51 8 -6.4 -5.3 43 47 21031 55 18 -14.7 -10.3 | 44 11 -7.3 -7.6 44 37 22555 105 37 -35.7 9.6 | 113 31 -28.3 12.3 45 33 23165 85 37 -36.9 -3.2 | 89 29 -29.4 -0.5 46 30 23820 85 39 -38.9 -3.4 | 89 31 -31.4 -0.7 47 26 24384 90 41 -41.0 0.0 | 95 34 -33.6 2.7 48 23 24994 75 47 -45.4 -12.2 | 76 39 -38.0 -9.5 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 40.0 at 10.5 knts Storm direction: 70.0 at 7.9 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 1.4 neg: 3.3 tot: 4.7 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): -95.7 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 22.2 neg: -69.1 tot: -46.9 m^2/s^2 ave: -15.6 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: -0.40 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 6.2 stream: -2.5 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.07 Bulk Rich Number: 15.31 Bulk Shear: 35.61 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 262 7 256 15| 6.8 0.0 6.8| 15.2 0.0 15.2 30.4 0.65| 6.9 4.5 1000 267 8 259 16| 4.2 0.0 4.2| 20.9 0.0 20.9 20.9 0.65| 4.4 2.9 1500 266 9 258 16| 2.8 2.6 5.4| 21.7 -33.0 -11.2 -7.5 -0.11| 5.7 -0.6 2000 251 8 251 16| 2.1 3.8 5.9| 21.7 -60.2 -38.4 -19.2 -0.37| 6.5 -2.4 2500 238 8 244 16| 1.7 3.4 5.0| 22.2 -65.2 -43.0 -17.2 -0.34| 6.6 -2.3 3000 224 8 237 16| 1.4 3.3 4.7| 22.2 -69.1 -46.9 -15.6 -0.40| 6.2 -2.5 4000 130 9 183 9| 1.1 2.7 3.7| 22.2 -80.0 -57.7 -14.4 -0.52| 6.0 -3.1 5000 47 10 358 4| 0.8 2.1 2.9| 24.3 -88.2 -63.9 -12.8 -0.51| 5.5 -2.8 6000 40 11 353 5| 0.4 1.6 2.0| 32.9 -93.7 -60.7 -10.1 -0.43| 5.2 -2.2 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//MMAA/skewt/MMAA.skewt.20251012.00.gif