UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025100712.upa.cvt Date: 1200Z 7 OCT 25 Searching for MMAA... Searching the city database file for: MMAA ... Date:1200Z 7 OCT 25 Station: MMAA WMO ident: 76805 Latitude: 16.83 Longitude: -99.93 Elevation: 28.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SFC 1008 28 25.6 23.0 86 2.6 23.8 330 6 298.1 301.3 296.6 349.9 17.82 1 1006 39 25.2 24.2 94 1.0 24.5 329 6 297.8 301.3 297.4 353.7 19.23 2 1000 73 25.4 23.8 91 1.6 24.2 325 6 298.5 302.0 297.4 353.6 18.88 3 986 198 26.4 22.6 80 3.8 23.6 322 6 300.8 304.0 297.3 353.0 17.78 4 925 759 22.4 20.9 91 1.5 21.3 310 8 302.2 305.4 297.2 352.6 17.06 5 902 979 21.0 19.8 93 1.2 20.2 322 8 303.0 306.0 296.9 351.3 16.33 6 850 1495 20.0 14.0 68 6.0 16.0 330 10 307.1 309.3 295.0 343.0 11.91 7 844 1556 20.2 12.2 60 8.0 15.0 327 10 307.9 309.9 294.4 340.2 10.64 8 780 2234 17.6 8.6 56 9.0 11.9 330 11 312.2 313.9 294.3 340.1 9.03 9 700 3148 10.8 6.6 75 4.2 8.2 360 10 314.4 316.1 294.7 341.8 8.77 10 683 3353 9.2 5.1 75 4.1 6.8 356 9 314.9 316.4 294.4 340.2 8.09 11 544 5201 -2.7 -3.1 97 0.4 -2.9 5 8 321.9 323.0 294.3 340.1 5.60 12 533 5364 -2.1 -4.5 84 2.4 -3.3 351 8 324.5 325.5 294.7 341.4 5.15 13 500 5870 -4.9 -8.2 78 3.3 -6.4 15 6 327.1 327.9 294.6 340.9 4.12 14 433 6986 -12.3 -13.4 91 1.1 -12.8 353 10 331.4 332.0 294.8 342.2 3.14 15 429 7057 -12.9 -13.9 92 1.0 -13.3 357 10 331.5 332.1 294.8 342.0 3.05 16 424 7147 -12.5 -16.5 72 4.0 -14.0 1 10 333.1 333.6 294.7 341.8 2.48 17 400 7590 -15.3 -20.3 66 5.0 -16.9 20 16 335.1 335.5 294.8 341.9 1.90 18 389 7799 -16.3 -26.3 42 10.0 -19.0 35 14 336.5 336.7 294.5 340.7 1.15 19 373 8111 -18.9 -24.9 59 6.0 -20.5 39 12 337.1 337.4 294.8 342.1 1.36 20 368 8211 -19.3 -28.3 45 9.0 -21.5 36 13 337.9 338.1 294.7 341.6 1.01 21 365 8271 -19.5 -29.5 41 10.0 -21.8 34 13 338.4 338.6 294.7 341.8 0.91 22 358 8414 -20.7 -25.7 64 5.0 -22.0 29 13 338.7 338.9 295.1 343.5 1.32 23 341 8770 -23.7 -26.9 75 3.2 -24.5 18 14 339.3 339.6 295.3 343.9 1.24 24 320 9229 -26.3 -32.3 57 6.0 -27.5 17 10 341.9 342.1 295.5 345.0 0.79 25 300 9690 -29.5 -34.5 62 5.0 -30.3 20 6 343.8 343.9 295.8 346.4 0.68 26 285 10056 -32.7 -36.0 72 3.3 -33.2 25 4 344.3 344.4 295.9 346.7 0.62 27 261 10672 -37.3 -42.3 60 5.0 -37.8 107 4 346.3 346.4 296.1 347.7 0.35 28 252 10915 -39.1 -49.1 34 10.0 -39.9 105 6 347.1 347.2 296.1 347.9 0.17 29 250 10970 -39.5 -49.5 34 10.0 -40.2 105 6 347.3 347.4 296.2 348.0 0.17 30 229 11562 -45.1 -49.8 59 4.7 -45.4 67 8 347.6 347.7 296.3 348.4 0.18 31 200 12450 -52.5 -57.5 55 5.0 -52.7 60 12 349.6 349.6 296.6 350.0 0.08 32 196 12580 -53.7 -58.7 54 5.0 -53.8 51 14 349.7 349.8 296.7 350.0 0.07 33 190 12778 -55.3 -64.3 32 9.0 -55.5 42 14 350.3 350.3 296.7 350.4 0.04 34 174 13331 -59.3 -71.3 20 12.0 -59.5 86 18 352.6 352.6 297.2 352.7 0.01 35 157 13964 -64.7 -71.7 38 7.0 -64.8 113 23 354.0 354.0 297.5 354.0 0.02 36 150 14240 -67.1 -74.1 36 7.0 -67.1 110 23 354.5 354.5 297.6 354.5 0.01 37 100 16600 -81.1 -87.1 36 6.0 -81.1 50 33 371.0 371.0 300.8 371.0 0.00 38 96 16829 -82.1 -88.1 35 6.0 -82.1 50 33 373.4 373.4 301.2 373.4 0.00 39 86 17458 -73.5 -83.5 20 10.0 -73.5 77 35 402.7 402.7 305.6 402.7 0.00 40 71 18577 -73.5 -86.5 12 13.0 -73.6 105 23 425.4 425.4 308.3 425.4 0.00 41 70 18660 -74.5 -87.5 12 13.0 -74.6 90 19 425.0 425.0 308.3 425.0 0.00 42 67 18913 -75.9 -87.9 13 12.0 -75.9 81 14 427.3 427.3 308.6 427.3 0.00 43 56 19949 -75.3 -88.3 11 13.0 -75.4 83 28 451.2 451.2 311.0 451.2 0.00 44 53 20272 -69.7 -88.7 5 19.0 -69.8 82 34 471.3 471.3 312.7 471.3 0.00 45 50 20620 -67.5 -87.5 4 20.0 -67.7 80 39 484.4 484.4 313.8 484.4 0.00 46 46 21128 -64.3 -88.3 2 24.0 -64.7 80 32 503.8 503.8 315.2 503.9 0.00 47 42 21687 -64.1 -91.1 1 27.0 -64.5 76 41 517.6 517.6 316.1 517.6 0.00 48 39 22146 -60.3 -89.3 1 29.0 -61.0 91 38 538.3 538.3 317.4 538.3 0.00 49 33 23190 -60.3 -92.3 1 32.0 -61.1 79 36 564.6 564.6 318.9 564.7 0.00 50 30 23790 -57.5 -91.5 1 34.0 -58.7 95 49 587.9 587.9 320.0 587.9 0.00 51 28 24230 -54.9 -89.9 1 35.0 -56.6 95 50 606.8 606.8 320.9 606.9 0.00 52 24 25218 -54.7 -89.7 1 35.0 -56.7 82 57 634.8 634.8 322.1 634.8 0.01 53 22 25780 -51.7 -87.7 1 36.0 -54.5 74 53 659.7 659.7 323.0 659.7 0.01 54 20 26400 -51.1 -86.1 1 35.0 -54.3 65 49 679.8 679.8 323.7 679.8 0.01 55 13 29206 -50.5 -86.5 1 36.0 -55.0 82 47 771.0 771.0 326.5 771.1 0.02 56 10 30928 -47.5 -87.5 0 40.0 -54.1 92 46 842.2 842.2 328.2 842.4 0.02 TRP 96 16829 -82.1 -88.1 35 6.0 -82.1 50 33 373.4 373.4 301.2 373.4 0.00 WND Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5797.00 m Freezing level: 575.54 mb = 4781.78 m = 15688.07 ft Wetbulb zero: 585.84 mb = 4599.29 m = 15089.35 ft Precipitable water: 2.28 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 78.54 % Est. max temperature: 33.99 C = 93.18 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 970.97 mb = 332.62 m = 1091.25 ft T: 25.44 C 700-500 lapse rate: 5.77 C/km ThetaE index: 13.69 C Layer 1000.0- 700.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 828.00 mb = 1720.54 m = 5644.76 ft Mean mixing ratio: 17.54 g/kg Conv temperature: 36.51 C = 97.72 F Cap Strength: 2.29 C Lifted Index: -2.93 C Risk: Severe thunderstorms possible Lifted Index @300 mb: -2.65 C Lifted Index @700 mb: -0.59 C Showalter Index: 0.71 C Risk: Thunderstorms probable Total Totals Index: 43.80 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 24.90 C Cross Totals Index: 18.90 C K Index: 34.70 Risk: 60-80 % chance of thunderstorms Sweat Index: 194.00 Risk: None Energy Index: -0.44 Risk: Scattered severe thunderstorms Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 1076.99 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 46.41 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 109.34 J/kg Cap Strength: 2.23 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 925.40 mb = 755.24 m = 2477.81 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): 710.40 mb = 3023.43 m = 9919.28 ft Equ Level (EL): 170.40 mb = 13460.13 m = 44159.98 ft B at Equ Level: 1074.08 J/kg Max Parcel Lev (MPL): 90.40 mb = 17172.60 m = 56339.86 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 14 at 6 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 1008 28 330 6 3.0 -5.2 | 257 5 4.6 1.0 1 1000 73 325 6 3.4 -4.9 | 255 5 5.0 1.3 2 941 610 310 8 6.1 -5.1 | 262 8 7.7 1.1 3 925 759 310 8 6.1 -5.1 | 262 8 7.7 1.1 4 877 1219 335 8 3.4 -7.3 | 281 5 5.0 -1.0 5 850 1495 330 10 5.0 -8.7 | 290 7 6.6 -2.4 6 817 1829 315 12 8.5 -8.5 | 283 10 10.1 -2.2 7 708 3048 360 10 -0.0 -10.0 | 337 4 1.6 -3.8 8 700 3148 360 10 -0.0 -10.0 | 337 4 1.6 -3.8 9 657 3658 350 8 1.4 -7.9 | 299 3 3.0 -1.6 10 633 3962 20 8 -2.7 -7.5 | 42 2 -1.1 -1.3 11 610 4267 360 8 -0.0 -8.0 | 318 2 1.6 -1.8 12 587 4572 25 8 -3.4 -7.3 | 60 2 -1.8 -1.0 13 565 4877 360 6 -0.0 -6.0 | 261 2 1.6 0.2 14 544 5182 5 8 -0.7 -8.0 | 332 2 0.9 -1.7 15 524 5486 340 8 2.7 -7.5 | 286 5 4.3 -1.3 16 500 5870 15 6 -1.6 -5.8 | 186 0 0.0 0.4 17 486 6096 35 6 -3.4 -4.9 | 126 2 -1.8 1.3 18 449 6706 340 10 3.4 -9.4 | 302 6 5.0 -3.2 19 415 7315 10 10 -1.7 -9.8 | 2 4 -0.1 -3.6 20 400 7590 20 16 -5.5 -15.0 | 24 10 -3.9 -8.8 21 382 7925 45 12 -8.5 -8.5 | 72 7 -6.9 -2.2 22 337 8839 15 14 -3.6 -13.5 | 16 8 -2.0 -7.3 23 300 9690 20 6 -2.1 -5.6 | 143 1 -0.5 0.6 24 285 10058 25 4 -1.7 -3.6 | 178 3 -0.1 2.6 25 273 10363 110 2 -1.9 0.7 | 178 7 -0.3 6.9 26 250 10970 105 6 -5.8 1.6 | 152 9 -4.2 7.8 27 239 11278 90 6 -6.0 0.0 | 145 8 -4.4 6.2 28 218 11887 40 10 -6.4 -7.7 | 74 5 -4.8 -1.4 29 200 12450 60 12 -10.4 -6.0 | 92 9 -8.8 0.2 30 199 12497 55 14 -11.5 -8.0 | 80 10 -9.9 -1.8 31 189 12802 40 14 -9.0 -10.7 | 59 9 -7.4 -4.5 32 171 13411 95 19 -18.9 1.7 | 114 19 -17.3 7.9 33 155 14021 115 23 -20.8 9.7 | 130 25 -19.2 16.0 34 150 14240 110 23 -21.6 7.9 | 125 24 -20.0 14.1 35 120 15545 45 29 -20.5 -20.5 | 53 24 -18.9 -14.3 36 108 16154 45 37 -26.2 -26.2 | 51 32 -24.6 -19.9 37 100 16600 50 33 -25.3 -21.2 | 58 28 -23.7 -15.0 38 97 16764 50 33 -25.3 -21.2 | 58 28 -23.7 -15.0 39 96 16829 50 33 -25.3 -21.2 | 58 28 -23.7 -15.0 40 87 17374 70 37 -34.8 -12.7 | 79 34 -33.2 -6.4 41 79 17983 115 21 -19.0 8.9 | 131 23 -17.4 15.1 42 75 18288 115 14 -12.7 5.9 | 138 16 -11.1 12.2 43 71 18593 105 23 -22.2 6.0 | 121 24 -20.6 12.2 44 70 18660 90 19 -19.0 0.0 | 110 18 -17.4 6.2 45 67 18898 80 14 -13.8 -2.4 | 107 13 -12.2 3.8 46 64 19202 105 14 -13.5 3.6 | 130 15 -11.9 9.9 47 61 19507 85 21 -20.9 -1.8 | 103 20 -19.3 4.4 48 50 20620 80 39 -38.4 -6.8 | 89 37 -36.8 -0.5 49 49 20726 70 43 -40.4 -14.7 | 78 40 -38.8 -8.5 50 47 21031 85 31 -30.9 -2.7 | 97 29 -29.3 3.5 51 45 21336 70 35 -32.9 -12.0 | 80 32 -31.3 -5.7 52 40 21946 80 45 -44.3 -7.8 | 88 43 -42.7 -1.6 53 38 22250 95 35 -34.9 3.1 | 106 35 -33.3 9.3 54 35 22860 70 29 -27.3 -9.9 | 82 26 -25.7 -3.7 55 30 23790 95 49 -48.8 4.3 | 103 48 -47.2 10.5 56 29 24079 100 49 -48.3 8.5 | 108 49 -46.7 14.7 57 26 24689 80 51 -50.2 -8.9 | 87 49 -48.6 -2.6 58 25 24994 85 58 -57.8 -5.1 | 91 56 -56.2 1.2 59 20 26400 65 49 -44.4 -20.7 | 71 45 -42.8 -14.5 60 18 26822 70 49 -46.0 -16.8 | 77 46 -44.4 -10.5 61 9 29261 95 45 -44.8 3.9 | 103 44 -43.2 10.2 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 344.4 at 8.6 knts Storm direction: 14.4 at 6.4 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 1.5 neg: 0.8 tot: 2.2 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 78.3 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 17.7 neg: -2.6 tot: 15.0 m^2/s^2 ave: 5.0 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.41 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 3.6 stream: 1.5 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.06 Bulk Rich Number: 557.28 Bulk Shear: 1.93 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 319 7 259 6| 0.0 2.8 2.8| 0.9 -0.1 0.8 1.6 0.18| 2.8 0.5 1000 316 7 262 7| 0.9 1.4 2.3| 3.4 -0.1 3.3 3.3 0.35| 2.7 0.9 1500 322 8 269 6| 1.2 0.9 2.1| 6.0 -0.1 5.9 3.9 0.39| 3.1 1.2 2000 321 9 274 7| 0.9 1.2 2.1| 8.8 -2.6 6.2 3.1 0.26| 3.5 0.9 2500 324 9 279 7| 1.2 0.9 2.2| 14.1 -2.6 11.5 4.6 0.35| 3.6 1.3 3000 328 9 285 7| 1.5 0.8 2.2| 17.7 -2.6 15.0 5.0 0.41| 3.6 1.5 4000 336 9 292 6| 1.4 0.7 2.2| 19.4 -4.9 14.4 3.6 0.34| 3.5 1.2 5000 342 9 297 5| 1.2 0.8 2.1| 20.7 -6.0 14.7 2.9 0.24| 3.7 0.9 6000 344 9 297 4| 1.4 0.9 2.3| 21.2 -7.8 13.3 2.2 0.12| 3.9 0.5 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//MMAA/skewt/MMAA.skewt.20251007.12.gif