UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025042400.upa.cvt Date: 0000Z 24 APR 25 Searching for MMAA... Searching the city database file for: MMAA ... Date:0000Z 24 APR 25 Station: MMAA WMO ident: 76805 Latitude: 16.83 Longitude: -99.93 Elevation: 28.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SFC 1008 28 31.4 24.4 66 7.0 26.2 260 8 303.9 307.5 299.1 361.8 19.43 1 1006 40 30.0 24.0 70 6.0 25.6 260 8 302.6 306.1 298.5 358.9 19.00 2 1000 75 28.6 24.1 77 4.5 25.3 260 6 301.8 305.3 298.4 358.6 19.23 3 997 102 28.0 23.9 78 4.1 25.0 259 6 301.4 304.9 298.2 357.6 19.05 4 967 372 25.4 23.2 88 2.2 23.8 237 9 301.4 304.9 298.1 357.0 18.83 5 961 427 25.0 23.5 91 1.5 23.9 226 8 301.6 305.1 298.4 358.6 19.30 6 957 463 24.6 22.2 87 2.4 22.9 219 8 301.5 304.8 297.5 354.2 17.88 7 950 528 25.6 17.6 61 8.0 20.1 206 7 303.2 305.6 295.0 343.0 13.45 8 949 537 25.8 15.8 54 10.0 19.0 204 7 303.5 305.7 294.1 339.0 11.98 9 943 593 26.6 16.6 54 10.0 19.7 193 6 304.8 307.2 295.0 342.7 12.70 10 925 763 25.4 18.4 65 7.0 20.5 185 6 305.3 308.0 296.4 348.8 14.55 11 850 1500 20.8 14.8 69 6.0 16.7 220 10 307.9 310.3 295.7 345.9 12.55 12 793 2100 16.8 9.8 63 7.0 12.3 276 10 309.8 311.7 294.1 339.3 9.64 13 784 2198 16.6 11.6 72 5.0 13.3 295 9 310.6 312.7 295.4 344.3 11.01 14 775 2297 17.2 7.2 52 10.0 11.0 329 7 312.3 313.9 293.8 337.9 8.25 15 746 2624 14.4 11.0 80 3.4 12.1 35 4 312.7 314.8 296.0 347.0 11.13 16 709 3056 13.6 4.6 54 9.0 8.2 5 6 316.4 317.8 294.3 340.1 7.52 17 700 3164 13.0 3.0 51 10.0 7.2 360 8 316.9 318.2 293.9 338.4 6.80 18 675 3469 10.8 -1.2 43 12.0 4.4 360 8 317.7 318.7 292.9 334.4 5.20 19 628 4066 6.0 0.0 65 6.0 2.7 41 9 318.9 320.1 293.9 338.4 6.10 20 614 4251 6.0 -2.0 56 8.0 1.7 53 6 320.9 322.0 293.9 338.4 5.39 21 590 4577 4.0 -7.0 44 11.0 -1.3 36 4 322.3 323.0 293.0 334.9 3.83 22 557 5042 0.0 -6.0 64 6.0 -2.9 267 2 322.9 323.8 293.7 337.3 4.39 23 533 5394 -2.7 -7.2 71 4.5 -4.8 317 6 323.8 324.6 293.7 337.6 4.18 24 501 5884 -4.7 -29.7 12 25.0 -11.4 359 14 327.1 327.3 291.6 329.5 0.65 25 500 5900 -4.7 -32.7 9 28.0 -11.6 360 14 327.3 327.4 291.5 329.1 0.49 26 470 6382 -8.3 -39.3 6 31.0 -14.6 35 6 328.7 328.7 291.6 329.7 0.27 27 457 6599 -8.3 -34.3 10 26.0 -14.3 38 3 331.3 331.4 292.6 333.1 0.46 28 419 7267 -11.7 -42.7 6 31.0 -17.3 356 4 335.3 335.3 293.3 336.1 0.21 29 400 7620 -14.7 -40.7 9 26.0 -19.4 300 4 335.9 335.9 293.6 337.0 0.27 30 300 9720 -31.7 -54.7 8 23.0 -33.5 335 10 340.7 340.7 294.6 341.0 0.08 31 272 10403 -36.9 -60.9 7 24.0 -38.2 276 6 342.8 342.8 295.0 343.0 0.04 32 250 10980 -41.3 -62.3 9 21.0 -42.2 285 14 344.7 344.7 295.5 344.8 0.04 33 231 11511 -46.5 -58.5 24 12.0 -47.0 294 16 344.6 344.7 295.5 344.9 0.06 34 223 11744 -48.7 -65.7 12 17.0 -49.1 297 17 344.8 344.8 295.5 344.9 0.02 35 213 12044 -51.5 -67.5 13 16.0 -51.8 297 20 344.9 345.0 295.5 345.0 0.02 36 208 12198 -52.7 -65.7 19 13.0 -53.0 295 22 345.4 345.4 295.6 345.5 0.03 37 202 12386 -54.3 -58.8 58 4.5 -54.4 291 24 345.8 345.8 295.7 346.1 0.07 38 200 12450 -54.9 -57.7 71 2.8 -55.0 290 25 345.8 345.8 295.8 346.2 0.08 39 196 12579 -55.3 -57.8 74 2.5 -55.4 288 26 347.2 347.2 296.1 347.5 0.08 40 192 12711 -55.9 -61.9 47 6.0 -56.1 286 27 348.3 348.3 296.3 348.5 0.05 41 187 12879 -57.3 -66.3 31 9.0 -57.5 284 29 348.7 348.7 296.4 348.8 0.03 42 155 14042 -67.1 -73.1 42 6.0 -67.1 292 38 351.2 351.2 296.9 351.2 0.01 43 150 14240 -67.7 -74.7 36 7.0 -67.8 295 39 353.5 353.5 297.4 353.5 0.01 44 139 14696 -69.5 -81.5 16 12.0 -69.5 293 37 358.1 358.1 298.3 358.1 0.00 45 123 15414 -75.3 -87.3 14 12.0 -75.3 278 25 360.3 360.3 298.8 360.3 0.00 46 119 15604 -76.3 -87.3 16 11.0 -76.3 276 23 361.9 361.9 299.1 361.9 0.00 47 116 15752 -75.3 -88.3 11 13.0 -75.3 278 21 366.4 366.4 299.9 366.4 0.00 48 102 16496 -75.5 -88.5 11 13.0 -75.5 287 13 379.7 379.7 302.2 379.7 0.00 49 100 16610 -76.5 -88.5 13 12.0 -76.5 275 10 379.9 379.9 302.2 379.9 0.00 50 79 17946 -83.1 -93.1 16 10.0 -83.1 360 31 392.8 392.8 304.2 392.8 0.00 51 76 18162 -82.7 -92.7 16 10.0 -82.7 355 29 398.0 398.0 304.9 398.0 0.00 52 75 18237 -79.9 -91.9 12 12.0 -79.9 355 27 405.4 405.4 305.9 405.4 0.00 53 70 18630 -77.3 -89.3 13 12.0 -77.3 20 14 419.0 419.0 307.6 419.0 0.00 54 67 18880 -78.1 -90.1 13 12.0 -78.1 39 10 422.6 422.6 308.0 422.6 0.00 55 64 19144 -73.3 -89.3 7 16.0 -73.4 27 12 438.7 438.7 309.7 438.7 0.00 56 58 19718 -73.3 -90.3 6 17.0 -73.4 91 13 451.2 451.2 311.0 451.2 0.00 57 54 20139 -68.9 -89.9 3 21.0 -69.1 75 15 470.6 470.6 312.7 470.7 0.00 58 50 20600 -67.5 -92.5 2 25.0 -67.7 75 4 484.4 484.4 313.8 484.4 0.00 59 48 20848 -65.9 -92.9 1 27.0 -66.2 121 3 493.9 493.9 314.5 493.9 0.00 60 44 21376 -67.1 -96.1 1 29.0 -67.4 38 3 503.4 503.4 315.2 503.4 0.00 61 36 22602 -63.5 -96.5 0 33.0 -64.0 52 8 542.5 542.5 317.6 542.5 0.00 62 30 23740 -57.5 -91.5 1 34.0 -58.7 150 8 587.9 587.9 320.0 587.9 0.00 63 28 24177 -55.1 -90.1 1 35.0 -56.8 160 11 606.3 606.3 320.9 606.3 0.00 64 23 25434 -53.5 -88.5 1 35.0 -55.8 103 8 646.1 646.1 322.5 646.1 0.01 65 21 26021 -50.9 -86.9 1 36.0 -54.0 61 11 670.9 670.9 323.4 671.0 0.01 66 20 26340 -48.1 -85.1 1 37.0 -52.2 90 18 688.9 689.0 324.1 689.1 0.01 67 19 26680 -45.9 -82.9 1 37.0 -50.9 97 19 706.0 706.0 324.6 706.1 0.02 68 17 27415 -49.3 -85.3 1 36.0 -53.4 112 22 717.9 717.9 325.0 718.0 0.02 69 16 27812 -49.7 -85.7 1 36.0 -53.9 120 23 729.1 729.1 325.3 729.2 0.02 70 16 27812 -46.9 -83.9 1 37.0 -52.1 120 23 738.3 738.3 325.6 738.4 0.02 71 13 29194 -44.9 -82.9 1 38.0 -51.6 87 20 790.4 790.4 327.0 790.6 0.03 72 11 30320 -40.9 -79.9 1 39.0 -50.3 63 33 843.6 843.6 328.2 844.2 0.06 TRP 79 17946 -83.1 -93.1 16 10.0 -83.1 360 31 392.8 392.8 304.2 392.8 0.00 WND Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5825.00 m Freezing level: 557.00 mb = 5042.40 m = 16543.10 ft Wetbulb zero: 600.19 mb = 4436.99 m = 14556.88 ft Precipitable water: 1.93 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 60.47 % Est. max temperature: 35.20 C = 95.35 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 911.51 mb = 891.02 m = 2923.26 ft T: 24.60 C 700-500 lapse rate: 6.47 C/km ThetaE index: 19.52 C Layer 957.0- 943.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 813.93 mb = 1874.99 m = 6151.46 ft Mean mixing ratio: 16.46 g/kg Conv temperature: 36.68 C = 98.03 F Cap Strength: 3.36 C Lifted Index: -2.49 C Risk: Severe thunderstorms possible Lifted Index @300 mb: -4.42 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 1.85 C Showalter Index: -0.24 C Risk: Thunderstorms probable Total Totals Index: 45.00 C Risk: Scattered moderate thunderstorms Vertical Totals Index: 25.50 C Cross Totals Index: 19.50 C K Index: 30.30 Risk: 60-80 % chance of thunderstorms Sweat Index: 211.60 Risk: None Energy Index: -3.09 Risk: Severe Thunderstorms probable Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 1145.71 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 47.87 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 193.67 J/kg Cap Strength: 3.36 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 885.84 mb = 1140.07 m = 3740.35 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): 650.84 mb = 3770.51 m = 12370.27 ft Equ Level (EL): 150.84 mb = 14206.44 m = 46608.49 ft B at Equ Level: 1132.49 J/kg Max Parcel Lev (MPL): 90.84 mb = 17154.84 m = 56281.61 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 353 at 5 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 1008 28 260 8 7.9 1.4 | 227 10 7.2 6.8 1 1000 75 260 6 5.9 1.0 | 219 8 5.2 6.4 2 974 305 250 10 9.4 3.4 | 225 12 8.7 8.8 3 941 610 190 6 1.0 5.9 | 182 11 0.4 11.3 4 925 763 185 6 0.5 6.0 | 179 11 -0.2 11.3 5 850 1500 220 10 6.4 7.7 | 204 14 5.7 13.0 6 848 1524 225 10 7.1 7.1 | 207 14 6.4 12.4 7 818 1829 280 10 9.8 -1.7 | 248 10 9.2 3.6 8 789 2134 275 10 10.0 -0.9 | 244 10 9.3 4.5 9 762 2438 20 4 -1.4 -3.8 | 128 3 -2.1 1.6 10 735 2743 45 4 -2.8 -2.8 | 126 4 -3.5 2.5 11 710 3048 5 6 -0.5 -6.0 | 63 1 -1.2 -0.6 12 700 3164 360 8 -0.0 -8.0 | 15 3 -0.7 -2.6 13 659 3658 360 8 -0.0 -8.0 | 15 3 -0.7 -2.6 14 635 3962 35 10 -5.7 -8.2 | 66 7 -6.4 -2.8 15 611 4267 55 6 -4.9 -3.4 | 109 6 -5.6 1.9 16 589 4572 35 4 -2.3 -3.3 | 125 4 -3.0 2.1 17 567 4877 260 2 2.0 0.3 | 193 6 1.3 5.7 18 546 5182 275 2 2.0 -0.2 | 194 5 1.3 5.2 19 526 5486 340 8 2.7 -7.5 | 316 3 2.1 -2.1 20 500 5900 360 14 -0.0 -14.0 | 5 9 -0.7 -8.6 21 487 6096 30 10 -5.0 -8.7 | 60 7 -5.7 -3.3 22 450 6706 40 2 -1.3 -1.5 | 153 4 -2.0 3.8 23 433 7010 25 6 -2.5 -5.4 | 89 3 -3.2 -0.1 24 416 7315 350 4 0.7 -3.9 | 180 1 0.0 1.4 25 400 7620 300 4 3.5 -2.0 | 220 4 2.8 3.4 26 400 7620 310 4 3.1 -2.6 | 220 4 2.4 2.8 27 384 7925 265 8 8.0 0.7 | 230 9 7.3 6.1 28 368 8230 265 10 10.0 0.9 | 236 11 9.3 6.2 29 353 8534 310 16 12.3 -10.3 | 293 13 11.6 -4.9 30 311 9449 315 16 11.3 -11.3 | 299 12 10.6 -5.9 31 300 9720 335 10 4.2 -9.1 | 316 5 3.5 -3.7 32 286 10058 325 6 3.4 -4.9 | 261 3 2.8 0.5 33 273 10363 275 6 6.0 -0.5 | 228 7 5.3 4.8 34 250 10980 285 14 13.5 -3.6 | 262 13 12.8 1.7 35 218 11887 300 18 15.6 -9.0 | 284 15 14.9 -3.6 36 200 12450 290 25 23.5 -8.6 | 278 23 22.8 -3.2 37 180 13106 280 31 30.5 -5.4 | 270 30 29.8 -0.0 38 150 14240 295 39 35.3 -16.5 | 288 36 34.7 -11.1 39 148 14326 300 43 37.2 -21.5 | 294 40 36.6 -16.1 40 120 15545 275 23 22.9 -2.0 | 261 22 22.2 3.4 41 103 16459 290 14 13.2 -4.8 | 267 12 12.5 0.6 42 100 16610 275 10 10.0 -0.9 | 244 10 9.3 4.5 43 97 16764 275 10 10.0 -0.9 | 244 10 9.3 4.5 44 92 17069 280 12 11.8 -2.1 | 254 12 11.1 3.3 45 87 17374 360 23 -0.0 -23.0 | 2 18 -0.7 -17.6 46 79 17946 360 31 -0.0 -31.0 | 2 26 -0.7 -25.6 47 78 17983 355 33 2.9 -32.9 | 355 28 2.2 -27.5 48 70 18593 355 19 1.7 -18.9 | 356 14 1.0 -13.6 49 70 18630 20 14 -4.8 -13.2 | 35 10 -5.5 -7.8 50 67 18898 40 10 -6.4 -7.7 | 72 7 -7.1 -2.3 51 63 19202 25 12 -5.1 -10.9 | 46 8 -5.8 -5.5 52 60 19507 100 12 -11.8 2.1 | 121 15 -12.5 7.5 53 54 20117 75 16 -15.5 -4.1 | 94 16 -16.1 1.2 54 50 20600 75 4 -3.9 -1.0 | 134 6 -4.5 4.3 55 49 20726 80 4 -3.9 -0.7 | 135 7 -4.6 4.7 56 47 21031 180 2 0.0 2.0 | 175 7 -0.7 7.4 57 44 21336 30 2 -1.0 -1.7 | 155 4 -1.7 3.6 58 40 21946 125 10 -8.2 5.7 | 141 14 -8.9 11.1 59 38 22250 125 6 -4.9 3.4 | 148 10 -5.6 8.8 60 36 22555 50 8 -6.1 -5.1 | 92 7 -6.8 0.2 61 31 23470 75 12 -11.6 -3.1 | 100 12 -12.3 2.3 62 30 23740 150 8 -4.0 6.9 | 159 13 -4.7 12.3 63 30 23774 150 10 -5.0 8.7 | 158 15 -5.7 14.0 64 27 24384 165 12 -3.1 11.6 | 167 17 -3.8 17.0 65 25 24994 105 10 -9.7 2.6 | 128 13 -10.3 8.0 66 24 25298 120 8 -6.9 4.0 | 141 12 -7.6 9.4 67 21 25908 50 8 -6.1 -5.1 | 92 7 -6.8 0.2 68 20 26340 90 18 -18.0 0.0 | 106 19 -18.7 5.4 69 15 27432 130 25 -19.2 16.1 | 137 29 -19.8 21.4 70 14 27737 100 16 -15.8 2.8 | 116 18 -16.4 8.1 71 12 28346 60 29 -25.1 -14.5 | 71 27 -25.8 -9.1 72 8 29566 80 51 -50.2 -8.9 | 86 51 -50.9 -3.5 73 7 30175 85 41 -40.8 -3.6 | 92 42 -41.5 1.8 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 322.7 at 7.2 knts Storm direction: 352.7 at 5.4 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 2.0 neg: 1.0 tot: 2.9 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): -153.8 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 57.1 neg: -35.7 tot: 21.4 m^2/s^2 ave: 7.1 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.03 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 8.9 stream: 0.2 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.36 Bulk Rich Number: 93.61 Bulk Shear: 12.24 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 245 8 217 11| 0.0 7.1 7.1| 1.2 -24.4 -23.3 -46.5 -0.68| 11.2 -7.6 1000 223 7 202 12| 0.0 4.1 4.1| 6.1 -31.8 -25.7 -25.7 -0.53| 7.9 -4.2 1500 219 8 200 12| 1.7 2.7 4.4| 23.5 -31.8 -8.3 -5.5 -0.16| 7.1 -1.2 2000 232 8 210 12| 2.9 2.1 5.0| 50.3 -33.0 17.3 8.7 0.15| 7.9 1.2 2500 241 8 215 11| 2.3 1.6 4.0| 57.0 -33.8 23.2 9.3 0.08| 9.7 0.8 3000 246 7 216 10| 2.0 1.0 2.9| 57.1 -35.7 21.4 7.1 0.03| 8.9 0.2 4000 284 8 243 8| 1.8 0.5 2.3| 63.7 -36.6 27.1 6.8 0.07| 7.9 0.6 5000 303 7 254 5| 1.4 1.0 2.4| 73.3 -37.3 36.0 7.2 0.16| 7.7 1.3 6000 323 7 276 4| 2.2 0.8 3.0| 96.7 -37.3 59.4 9.9 0.31| 8.1 2.5 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//MMAA/skewt/MMAA.skewt.20250424.00.gif