UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025051300.upa.cvt Date: 0000Z 13 MAY 25 Searching for KWAL... Searching the city database file for: KWAL ... Date:0000Z 13 MAY 25 Station: KWAL WMO ident: 72402 Latitude: 37.93 Longitude: -75.48 Elevation: 41.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SFC 1021 41 20.2 17.2 83 3.0 18.2 165 8 291.6 293.8 290.6 326.0 12.17 1 1016 76 19.4 19.3 99 0.1 19.4 166 10 291.2 293.7 291.9 330.7 14.00 2 1008 133 19.2 18.8 98 0.4 18.9 168 14 291.7 294.1 291.8 330.3 13.67 3 1000 191 19.6 17.8 89 1.8 18.4 170 17 292.8 295.1 291.6 329.5 12.93 4 973 426 17.6 13.4 76 4.2 15.0 170 16 293.0 294.8 289.2 321.5 9.97 5 960 541 16.8 13.2 79 3.6 14.6 170 16 293.4 295.1 289.3 321.9 9.98 6 931 801 15.2 8.2 63 7.0 11.2 174 14 294.3 295.6 287.2 315.5 7.34 7 925 856 15.4 10.4 72 5.0 12.4 175 14 295.1 296.6 288.7 319.8 8.59 8 924 865 15.4 10.7 74 4.7 12.6 175 14 295.1 296.7 288.9 320.5 8.77 9 916 939 15.2 12.2 82 3.0 13.3 177 13 295.7 297.4 289.9 323.9 9.79 10 909 1004 15.4 13.4 88 2.0 14.1 184 12 296.5 298.5 291.0 327.4 10.69 11 878 1298 13.4 12.4 94 1.0 12.8 204 10 297.4 299.3 291.0 327.5 10.36 12 865 1424 12.6 11.1 91 1.5 11.7 202 12 297.9 299.6 290.5 325.9 9.64 13 850 1571 11.8 10.9 94 0.9 11.3 200 13 298.5 300.3 290.8 326.8 9.68 14 840 1670 11.0 10.3 95 0.7 10.6 200 13 298.7 300.4 290.6 326.2 9.41 15 827 1800 10.2 9.2 94 1.0 9.6 200 13 299.2 300.8 290.3 325.2 8.87 16 821 1861 10.4 8.9 90 1.5 9.5 203 13 300.0 301.6 290.5 325.8 8.75 17 780 2287 9.0 4.8 75 4.2 6.6 230 13 302.9 304.2 289.9 323.7 6.93 18 766 2437 8.2 4.4 77 3.8 6.1 230 16 303.6 304.9 290.0 324.3 6.86 19 753 2579 7.0 2.7 74 4.3 4.6 223 16 303.8 305.0 289.5 322.5 6.18 20 700 3175 2.6 0.7 87 1.9 1.6 205 14 305.4 306.4 289.6 322.9 5.76 21 694 3245 2.0 0.2 88 1.8 1.1 203 16 305.5 306.5 289.5 322.5 5.60 22 675 3469 0.8 -1.5 85 2.3 -0.3 202 18 306.5 307.5 289.4 322.1 5.08 23 633 3983 -1.9 -3.3 90 1.4 -2.6 190 15 309.1 310.0 289.9 323.9 4.74 24 623 4110 -2.7 -4.3 89 1.6 -3.4 190 15 309.6 310.5 289.9 323.6 4.46 25 591 4528 -4.5 -6.0 89 1.5 -5.2 182 14 312.3 313.0 290.4 325.3 4.14 26 507 5723 -10.9 -13.0 84 2.1 -11.7 183 12 318.5 319.0 291.0 327.6 2.77 27 500 5830 -11.3 -13.4 84 2.1 -12.1 185 12 319.3 319.8 291.2 328.3 2.72 28 432 6938 -17.7 -20.1 81 2.4 -18.4 250 18 324.8 325.1 292.0 330.9 1.79 29 400 7510 -21.5 -24.0 80 2.5 -22.1 230 21 327.0 327.3 292.2 331.9 1.37 30 354 8397 -27.7 -30.5 77 2.8 -28.2 245 27 330.3 330.5 292.6 333.4 0.85 31 340 8684 -30.1 -32.7 78 2.6 -30.5 245 29 330.9 331.0 292.7 333.5 0.72 32 306 9423 -36.1 -39.2 73 3.1 -36.4 269 27 332.6 332.7 292.9 334.2 0.42 33 300 9560 -37.1 -40.3 72 3.2 -37.4 270 38 333.1 333.2 292.9 334.5 0.38 34 284 9936 -40.3 -43.7 70 3.4 -40.6 266 43 333.8 333.8 293.0 334.8 0.28 35 278 10081 -41.5 -44.7 71 3.2 -41.8 265 45 334.1 334.1 293.1 335.1 0.26 36 250 10790 -47.9 -51.3 68 3.4 -48.1 255 50 334.9 334.9 293.2 335.4 0.14 37 238 11114 -50.5 -54.0 66 3.5 -50.6 252 55 335.7 335.7 293.3 336.1 0.10 38 226 11451 -53.1 -56.4 67 3.3 -53.2 250 63 336.7 336.7 293.6 337.0 0.08 39 209 11952 -57.7 -61.4 63 3.7 -57.8 250 79 337.1 337.1 293.6 337.3 0.05 40 200 12230 -59.9 -63.0 67 3.1 -60.0 250 88 337.9 337.9 293.9 338.1 0.04 41 195 12387 -61.1 -64.8 61 3.7 -61.2 247 89 338.4 338.5 294.0 338.6 0.03 42 188 12612 -62.3 -65.0 70 2.7 -62.3 247 94 340.1 340.1 294.4 340.2 0.03 43 184 12744 -62.9 -65.9 66 3.1 -62.9 250 100 341.3 341.3 294.7 341.4 0.03 44 178 12947 -63.7 -67.4 61 3.7 -63.7 253 94 343.1 343.1 295.1 343.2 0.02 45 175 13051 -63.7 -67.6 59 3.9 -63.7 255 90 344.8 344.8 295.5 344.9 0.02 46 171 13192 -63.3 -67.6 56 4.3 -63.4 258 85 347.8 347.8 296.1 347.9 0.03 47 161 13559 -65.1 -69.9 51 4.8 -65.1 265 71 350.8 350.8 296.8 350.8 0.02 48 158 13673 -65.3 -70.2 51 4.9 -65.4 265 68 352.3 352.3 297.1 352.4 0.02 49 150 13990 -62.9 -68.9 44 6.0 -63.0 265 61 361.7 361.7 299.1 361.8 0.02 50 148 14073 -61.9 -67.9 45 6.0 -62.0 265 59 364.8 364.8 299.7 365.0 0.03 51 139 14460 -63.3 -70.3 38 7.0 -63.4 269 57 369.0 369.0 300.4 369.1 0.02 52 131 14826 -62.7 -70.7 33 8.0 -62.8 272 48 376.4 376.4 301.6 376.5 0.02 53 130 14873 -62.7 -70.7 33 8.0 -62.8 271 47 377.2 377.2 301.8 377.3 0.02 54 116 15570 -66.5 -76.5 23 10.0 -66.6 284 48 382.6 382.7 302.7 382.7 0.01 55 110 15892 -65.7 -76.7 20 11.0 -65.8 276 44 390.0 390.0 303.8 390.1 0.01 56 107 16060 -65.9 -76.9 20 11.0 -66.0 278 40 392.7 392.7 304.2 392.8 0.01 57 100 16470 -67.1 -79.1 17 12.0 -67.2 295 32 398.1 398.1 304.9 398.1 0.01 58 94 16842 -68.3 -81.3 14 13.0 -68.4 291 33 402.8 402.8 305.6 402.9 0.01 59 91 17037 -67.9 -80.9 14 13.0 -68.0 295 32 407.4 407.4 306.2 407.4 0.01 60 86 17376 -68.3 -82.3 12 14.0 -68.4 290 25 413.2 413.2 306.9 413.2 0.01 61 70 18620 -65.5 -84.5 5 19.0 -65.7 300 29 444.3 444.3 310.3 444.3 0.00 62 52 20447 -61.3 -86.3 2 25.0 -61.8 307 15 493.5 493.5 314.5 493.5 0.00 63 51 20567 -61.3 -86.3 2 25.0 -61.8 296 16 496.2 496.2 314.7 496.2 0.00 64 50 20690 -61.1 -87.1 2 26.0 -61.6 285 17 499.5 499.5 314.9 499.5 0.00 65 42 21782 -57.9 -86.9 1 29.0 -58.7 352 16 533.0 533.0 317.1 533.0 0.00 66 38 22414 -58.1 -87.1 1 29.0 -59.0 150 11 547.9 547.9 318.0 548.0 0.01 67 37 22582 -57.9 -86.9 1 29.0 -58.9 199 8 552.6 552.6 318.2 552.7 0.01 68 36 22755 -57.9 -86.9 1 29.0 -58.9 247 7 557.0 557.0 318.5 557.0 0.01 69 36 22755 -57.9 -86.9 1 29.0 -58.9 247 7 557.0 557.0 318.5 557.0 0.01 70 35 22933 -57.9 -86.9 1 29.0 -58.9 274 8 561.5 561.5 318.7 561.5 0.01 71 30 23910 -55.9 -86.9 1 31.0 -57.3 320 22 592.2 592.2 320.3 592.3 0.01 72 25 25078 -52.1 -85.1 1 33.0 -54.5 360 9 634.9 634.9 322.1 634.9 0.01 73 23 25616 -52.7 -84.7 1 32.0 -55.2 10 16 648.4 648.4 322.6 648.5 0.01 74 21 26204 -51.5 -84.5 1 33.0 -54.5 10 6 669.1 669.1 323.4 669.2 0.01 75 20 26520 -51.5 -84.5 1 33.0 -54.5 25 3 678.5 678.5 323.7 678.7 0.02 76 19 26853 -51.3 -84.3 1 33.0 -54.5 28 3 689.2 689.2 324.1 689.3 0.02 77 19 26853 -51.3 -84.3 1 33.0 -54.5 28 3 689.2 689.2 324.1 689.3 0.02 78 18 27204 -51.3 -83.3 1 32.0 -54.6 13 3 699.9 699.9 324.4 700.1 0.02 TRP 161 13559 -65.1 -69.9 51 4.8 -65.1 265 71 350.8 350.8 296.8 350.8 0.02 WND 184 12744 -62.9 -65.9 66 3.1 -62.9 250 100 341.3 341.3 294.7 341.4 0.03 Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5639.00 m Freezing level: 662.56 mb = 3621.17 m = 11880.34 ft Wetbulb zero: 679.48 mb = 3415.27 m = 11204.83 ft Precipitable water: 1.59 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 85.26 % Est. max temperature: 26.27 C = 79.29 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 976.93 mb = 391.19 m = 1283.41 ft T: 17.89 C 700-500 lapse rate: 5.24 C/km ThetaE index: 9.23 C Layer 1008.0- 960.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 859.14 mb = 1481.10 m = 4859.19 ft Mean mixing ratio: 10.50 g/kg Conv temperature: 26.73 C = 80.11 F Cap Strength: 3.03 C Lifted Index: 3.39 C Risk: None Lifted Index @300 mb: 7.65 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 0.88 C Showalter Index: 1.51 C Risk: Showers probable Total Totals Index: 45.30 C Risk: Scattered moderate thunderstorms Vertical Totals Index: 23.10 C Cross Totals Index: 22.20 C K Index: 32.10 Risk: 60-80 % chance of thunderstorms Sweat Index: 168.80 Risk: None Energy Index: 0.22 Risk: None Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 9.64 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 4.39 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 36564.45 J/kg Cap Strength: 3.21 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 923.01 mb = 874.30 m = 2868.41 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): -1.00 mb = -9999.00 m = -9999.00 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 222 at 10 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 1021 41 165 8 -2.1 7.7 | 91 9 -9.0 0.1 1 1000 191 170 17 -3.0 16.7 | 133 13 -9.9 9.1 2 987 305 170 16 -2.8 15.8 | 130 13 -9.7 8.1 3 952 610 170 16 -2.8 15.8 | 130 13 -9.7 8.1 4 925 856 175 14 -1.2 13.9 | 128 10 -8.2 6.3 5 919 914 175 13 -1.1 13.0 | 123 10 -8.1 5.3 6 886 1219 205 9 3.8 8.2 | 99 3 -3.1 0.5 7 855 1524 200 13 4.4 12.2 | 151 5 -2.5 4.6 8 850 1571 200 13 4.4 12.2 | 151 5 -2.5 4.6 9 824 1829 200 13 4.4 12.2 | 151 5 -2.5 4.6 10 794 2134 230 11 8.4 7.1 | 291 2 1.5 -0.6 11 765 2438 230 16 12.3 10.3 | 243 6 5.3 2.7 12 738 2743 215 16 9.2 13.1 | 202 6 2.2 5.5 13 711 3048 210 14 7.0 12.1 | 181 4 0.0 4.5 14 700 3175 205 14 5.9 12.7 | 168 5 -1.0 5.1 15 684 3353 200 18 6.2 16.9 | 175 9 -0.8 9.3 16 658 3658 205 18 7.6 16.3 | 184 9 0.7 8.7 17 634 3962 190 15 2.6 14.8 | 149 8 -4.3 7.1 18 610 4267 190 16 2.8 15.8 | 153 9 -4.2 8.1 19 564 4877 170 11 -1.9 10.8 | 110 9 -8.9 3.2 20 543 5182 155 11 -4.6 10.0 | 101 12 -11.6 2.3 21 522 5486 175 12 -1.0 12.0 | 118 9 -8.0 4.3 22 502 5791 185 12 1.0 12.0 | 126 7 -5.9 4.3 23 500 5830 185 12 1.0 12.0 | 126 7 -5.9 4.3 24 483 6096 185 12 1.0 12.0 | 126 7 -5.9 4.3 25 463 6401 235 9 7.4 5.2 | 350 3 0.4 -2.5 26 445 6706 250 16 15.0 5.5 | 285 8 8.1 -2.2 27 427 7010 250 19 17.9 6.5 | 276 11 10.9 -1.1 28 410 7315 240 17 14.7 8.5 | 264 8 7.8 0.9 29 400 7510 230 21 16.1 13.5 | 237 11 9.1 5.9 30 394 7620 230 20 15.3 12.9 | 238 10 8.4 5.2 31 377 7925 245 22 19.9 9.3 | 263 13 13.0 1.7 32 362 8230 245 26 23.6 11.0 | 259 17 16.6 3.4 33 346 8534 245 29 26.3 12.3 | 257 20 19.3 4.6 34 332 8839 245 30 27.2 12.7 | 256 21 20.2 5.0 35 318 9144 255 28 27.0 7.2 | 271 20 20.1 -0.4 36 305 9449 270 27 27.0 -0.0 | 291 21 20.0 -7.6 37 300 9560 270 38 38.0 -0.0 | 284 32 31.0 -7.6 38 279 10058 265 45 44.8 3.9 | 276 38 37.9 -3.7 39 266 10363 260 43 42.3 7.5 | 270 35 35.4 -0.2 40 255 10668 260 45 44.3 7.8 | 270 37 37.4 0.2 41 250 10790 255 50 48.3 12.9 | 263 42 41.3 5.3 42 232 11278 250 58 54.5 19.8 | 256 49 47.6 12.2 43 221 11582 250 67 63.0 22.9 | 255 58 56.0 15.3 44 200 12230 250 88 82.7 30.1 | 253 79 75.7 22.5 45 192 12497 245 89 80.7 37.6 | 248 80 73.7 30.0 46 184 12744 250 100 94.0 34.2 | 253 91 87.0 26.6 47 182 12802 250 100 94.0 34.2 | 253 91 87.0 26.6 48 161 13559 265 71 70.7 6.2 | 271 64 63.8 -1.4 49 150 13990 265 61 60.8 5.3 | 272 54 53.8 -2.3 50 149 14021 265 58 57.8 5.1 | 273 51 50.8 -2.6 51 142 14326 265 61 60.8 5.3 | 272 54 53.8 -2.3 52 135 14630 275 52 51.8 -4.5 | 285 46 44.9 -12.2 53 129 14935 270 45 45.0 -0.0 | 281 39 38.0 -7.6 54 122 15240 275 49 48.8 -4.3 | 286 44 41.9 -11.9 55 116 15545 285 48 46.4 -12.4 | 297 44 39.4 -20.1 56 111 15850 275 45 44.8 -3.9 | 287 40 37.9 -11.6 57 100 16459 285 31 29.9 -8.0 | 304 28 23.0 -15.7 58 100 16470 295 32 29.0 -13.5 | 314 31 22.1 -21.2 59 95 16764 290 34 31.9 -11.6 | 308 32 25.0 -19.3 60 91 17069 295 32 29.0 -13.5 | 314 31 22.1 -21.2 61 86 17374 290 25 23.5 -8.6 | 314 23 16.5 -16.2 62 82 17678 290 30 28.2 -10.3 | 310 28 21.2 -17.9 63 78 17983 290 25 23.5 -8.6 | 314 23 16.5 -16.2 64 74 18288 295 26 23.6 -11.0 | 318 25 16.6 -18.6 65 70 18593 275 24 23.9 -2.1 | 300 20 17.0 -9.7 66 70 18620 300 29 25.1 -14.5 | 321 29 18.2 -22.1 67 67 18898 300 29 25.1 -14.5 | 321 29 18.2 -22.1 68 64 19202 315 21 14.8 -14.8 | 341 24 7.9 -22.5 69 61 19507 305 21 17.2 -12.0 | 332 22 10.3 -19.7 70 58 19812 305 16 13.1 -9.2 | 340 18 6.2 -16.8 71 55 20117 320 14 9.0 -10.7 | 354 18 2.0 -18.4 72 52 20422 310 15 11.5 -9.6 | 345 18 4.5 -17.3 73 50 20690 285 17 16.4 -4.4 | 322 15 9.5 -12.0 74 50 20726 310 19 14.6 -12.2 | 339 21 7.6 -19.8 75 47 21031 285 17 16.4 -4.4 | 322 15 9.5 -12.0 76 45 21336 320 22 14.1 -16.9 | 344 26 7.2 -24.5 77 43 21641 335 13 5.5 -11.8 | 4 19 -1.5 -19.4 78 41 21946 10 20 -3.5 -19.7 | 21 29 -10.4 -27.3 79 37 22555 190 8 1.4 7.9 | 93 6 -5.6 0.2 80 35 22860 275 7 7.0 -0.6 | 360 8 0.0 -8.2 81 34 23165 270 11 11.0 -0.0 | 332 9 4.0 -7.6 82 32 23470 305 8 6.6 -4.6 | 2 12 -0.4 -12.2 83 31 23774 310 14 10.7 -9.0 | 347 17 3.8 -16.6 84 30 23910 320 22 14.1 -16.9 | 344 26 7.2 -24.5 85 29 24079 325 20 11.5 -16.4 | 349 24 4.5 -24.0 86 28 24384 325 21 12.0 -17.2 | 348 25 5.1 -24.8 87 27 24689 340 15 5.1 -14.1 | 5 22 -1.8 -21.7 88 25 24994 360 9 -0.0 -9.0 | 23 18 -7.0 -16.6 89 24 25298 360 10 -0.0 -10.0 | 22 19 -7.0 -17.6 90 23 25603 10 16 -2.8 -15.8 | 23 25 -9.7 -23.4 91 21 26213 10 6 -1.0 -5.9 | 31 16 -8.0 -13.5 92 20 26518 360 9 -0.0 -9.0 | 23 18 -7.0 -16.6 93 20 26520 25 3 -1.3 -2.7 | 38 13 -8.2 -10.4 94 18 26822 30 3 -1.5 -2.6 | 40 13 -8.5 -10.2 95 17 27127 310 4 3.1 -2.6 | 21 11 -3.9 -10.2 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 192.3 at 13.8 knts Storm direction: 222.3 at 10.3 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 2.4 neg: 0.7 tot: 3.1 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 90.6 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 26.4 neg: -16.6 tot: 9.8 m^2/s^2 ave: 3.3 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.10 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 7.1 stream: 0.7 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.00 Bulk Rich Number: 2.18 Bulk Shear: 4.42 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 170 15 126 12| 8.3 0.0 8.3| 20.9 -1.2 19.7 39.4 0.79| 9.6 7.5 1000 172 15 127 11| 2.6 0.0 2.6| 20.9 -4.3 16.6 16.6 0.40| 8.0 3.2 1500 179 13 128 9| 2.7 0.0 2.7| 24.0 -6.0 18.0 12.0 0.34| 7.9 2.7 2000 185 13 133 8| 2.5 0.0 2.5| 25.9 -6.0 19.9 9.9 0.38| 7.2 2.7 2500 194 13 144 6| 2.8 0.0 2.8| 26.4 -9.9 16.5 6.6 0.25| 7.5 1.8 3000 198 14 153 6| 2.4 0.7 3.1| 26.4 -16.6 9.8 3.3 0.10| 7.1 0.7 4000 199 14 159 6| 1.8 1.2 3.0| 30.6 -28.7 1.9 0.5 0.01| 6.8 0.0 5000 195 14 152 7| 1.4 1.5 2.9| 31.5 -47.4 -15.8 -3.2 -0.11| 6.4 -0.7 6000 192 14 145 7| 1.6 1.3 2.9| 41.8 -48.9 -7.2 -1.2 -0.05| 5.9 -0.3 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KWAL/skewt/KWAL.skewt.20250513.00.gif