UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025122300.upa.cvt Date: 0000Z 23 DEC 25 Searching for KVEF... Searching the city database file for: KVEF ... Date:0000Z 23 DEC 25 Station: KVEF WMO ident: 72388 Latitude: 36.05 Longitude: -115.18 Elevation: 693.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 1000 126 SFC 936 693 18.8 2.8 34 16.0 10.2 0 0 297.5 298.4 286.2 312.3 5.00 2 929 760 18.2 2.2 34 16.0 9.7 41 1 297.6 298.4 286.0 311.9 4.82 3 925 798 17.4 1.4 34 16.0 9.1 65 1 297.1 297.9 285.5 310.7 4.57 4 889 1135 14.6 1.6 41 13.0 7.8 121 6 297.6 298.5 286.0 311.9 4.83 5 875 1269 16.0 1.0 36 15.0 8.2 144 8 300.4 301.3 286.9 314.5 4.70 6 860 1416 15.8 -0.2 34 16.0 7.6 168 10 301.7 302.5 287.1 315.0 4.38 7 850 1515 15.6 -0.4 33 16.0 7.3 185 11 302.5 303.3 287.3 315.8 4.37 8 840 1615 14.8 -2.2 31 17.0 6.3 187 12 302.7 303.4 286.9 314.5 3.87 9 826 1757 14.0 -2.0 33 16.0 6.0 189 14 303.3 304.0 287.2 315.5 3.99 10 743 2641 9.2 -16.8 14 26.0 -0.3 206 23 307.4 307.6 286.0 311.9 1.38 11 725 2843 7.4 -17.6 15 25.0 -1.5 210 26 307.6 307.8 286.0 311.9 1.32 12 700 3131 5.2 -18.8 16 24.0 -3.0 215 29 308.2 308.5 286.1 312.3 1.24 13 684 3319 3.8 -19.2 17 23.0 -3.9 216 30 308.7 309.0 286.3 312.8 1.22 14 668 3510 2.4 -24.6 12 27.0 -5.5 218 30 309.3 309.4 286.0 311.9 0.78 15 646 3778 0.2 -21.8 17 22.0 -6.5 220 31 309.7 309.9 286.5 313.2 1.03 16 595 4430 -3.5 -35.5 6 32.0 -10.4 225 33 312.8 312.9 286.7 313.9 0.31 17 586 4550 -4.5 -32.5 9 28.0 -10.9 226 34 313.0 313.1 286.9 314.5 0.43 18 553 5004 -6.5 -53.5 1 47.0 -13.1 229 35 315.9 315.9 287.5 316.1 0.05 19 527 5377 -9.3 -46.3 3 37.0 -15.0 232 37 316.9 316.9 287.9 317.3 0.11 20 511 5614 -11.3 -53.3 2 42.0 -16.6 234 37 317.3 317.3 287.9 317.5 0.05 21 500 5780 -12.5 -43.5 6 31.0 -17.3 235 38 317.8 317.8 288.2 318.4 0.16 22 471 6233 -16.5 -42.5 9 26.0 -20.3 235 41 318.3 318.4 288.4 319.0 0.19 23 457 6460 -18.3 -46.3 7 28.0 -21.8 235 42 318.8 318.8 288.5 319.3 0.13 24 424 7015 -22.9 -44.9 12 22.0 -25.5 235 45 319.9 319.9 288.9 320.5 0.16 25 421 7067 -23.3 -45.3 11 22.0 -25.8 235 46 320.0 320.0 288.9 320.6 0.16 26 400 7440 -25.9 -42.9 19 17.0 -27.9 235 48 321.3 321.4 289.4 322.1 0.22 27 387 7678 -28.1 -34.1 56 6.0 -29.0 234 49 321.5 321.6 289.8 323.5 0.55 28 372 7959 -30.5 -38.5 45 8.0 -31.4 232 51 322.0 322.0 289.8 323.3 0.37 29 334 8714 -35.9 -39.0 73 3.1 -36.2 229 56 324.6 324.7 290.6 326.1 0.39 30 326 8882 -37.3 -41.0 68 3.7 -37.7 228 57 325.0 325.0 290.6 326.2 0.32 31 307 9293 -40.1 -44.4 63 4.3 -40.4 226 60 326.7 326.7 291.0 327.6 0.24 32 300 9450 -41.3 -45.5 64 4.2 -41.6 225 61 327.2 327.2 291.2 328.0 0.22 33 297 9518 -41.7 -45.7 65 4.0 -42.0 226 62 327.5 327.6 291.2 328.4 0.22 34 290 9680 -42.9 -47.0 64 4.1 -43.2 227 65 328.1 328.1 291.4 328.8 0.19 35 274 10062 -45.9 -50.2 62 4.3 -46.1 230 73 329.1 329.1 291.6 329.6 0.14 36 263 10335 -47.5 -52.0 60 4.5 -47.7 232 78 330.6 330.6 292.0 331.1 0.12 37 254 10565 -48.5 -52.2 65 3.7 -48.7 234 83 332.4 332.5 292.5 332.9 0.12 38 250 10670 -48.9 -52.4 67 3.5 -49.0 235 85 333.4 333.4 292.7 333.8 0.12 39 247 10749 -49.5 -52.8 68 3.3 -49.6 236 87 333.6 333.6 292.8 334.1 0.12 40 242 10883 -50.5 -54.0 66 3.5 -50.6 237 89 334.1 334.1 292.9 334.5 0.10 41 234 11101 -52.1 -55.8 64 3.7 -52.2 239 93 334.9 334.9 293.1 335.2 0.09 42 228 11269 -53.5 -57.3 63 3.8 -53.6 240 97 335.2 335.3 293.2 335.5 0.07 43 221 11469 -55.3 -59.5 59 4.2 -55.4 242 100 335.5 335.5 293.2 335.7 0.06 44 217 11585 -56.1 -60.5 58 4.4 -56.2 243 103 336.0 336.0 293.4 336.2 0.05 45 208 11853 -57.9 -61.8 60 4.0 -58.0 245 108 337.3 337.3 293.7 337.5 0.04 46 207 11884 -58.1 -62.0 61 3.9 -58.2 245 108 337.4 337.4 293.7 337.6 0.04 47 201 12069 -58.9 -63.3 57 4.4 -59.0 245 108 339.0 339.0 294.1 339.2 0.04 48 200 12100 -58.9 -63.3 57 4.4 -59.0 245 108 339.5 339.5 294.2 339.7 0.04 49 199 12131 -58.9 -63.3 57 4.4 -59.0 245 108 340.0 340.0 294.4 340.1 0.04 50 185 12594 -54.7 -62.7 37 8.0 -54.9 241 103 353.9 354.0 297.5 354.1 0.04 51 150 13910 -63.1 -79.1 10 16.0 -63.2 230 89 361.4 361.4 299.0 361.4 0.01 52 149 13951 -63.1 -79.1 10 16.0 -63.2 230 89 362.1 362.1 299.1 362.1 0.01 53 145 14119 -62.7 -79.7 8 17.0 -62.9 230 87 365.6 365.6 299.8 365.6 0.00 54 143 14204 -62.3 -79.3 9 17.0 -62.4 230 86 367.7 367.7 300.2 367.8 0.01 55 137 14468 -63.7 -82.7 6 19.0 -63.8 230 84 369.8 369.8 300.5 369.8 0.00 56 130 14789 -65.3 -85.3 5 20.0 -65.4 230 81 372.5 372.5 301.0 372.5 0.00 57 125 15027 -66.3 -86.3 4 20.0 -66.4 230 79 374.9 374.9 301.4 374.9 0.00 58 124 15076 -66.3 -86.3 4 20.0 -66.4 230 79 375.8 375.8 301.5 375.8 0.00 59 119 15325 -66.7 -88.7 3 22.0 -66.8 230 76 379.5 379.5 302.2 379.5 0.00 60 117 15427 -67.1 -90.1 2 23.0 -67.2 230 76 380.6 380.6 302.3 380.6 0.00 61 100 16370 -69.3 -93.3 2 24.0 -69.4 230 67 393.8 393.8 304.3 393.8 0.00 62 96 16613 -69.9 -92.9 2 23.0 -70.0 232 69 397.3 397.3 304.8 397.3 0.00 63 92 16865 -70.5 -94.5 2 24.0 -70.6 235 72 401.0 401.0 305.3 401.0 0.00 64 92 16865 -70.5 -94.5 2 24.0 -70.6 235 72 401.0 401.0 305.3 401.0 0.00 65 91 16930 -70.5 -94.5 2 24.0 -70.6 235 72 402.2 402.2 305.5 402.2 0.00 66 87 17197 -69.9 -91.9 3 22.0 -70.0 236 66 408.6 408.6 306.3 408.6 0.00 67 84 17405 -70.5 -94.5 2 24.0 -70.6 238 57 411.5 411.5 306.7 411.5 0.00 68 77 17922 -68.9 -90.9 3 22.0 -69.0 238 46 425.2 425.2 308.3 425.2 0.00 69 77 17922 -68.7 -90.7 3 22.0 -68.8 238 46 425.6 425.6 308.3 425.7 0.00 70 73 18240 -69.9 -92.9 2 23.0 -70.0 235 48 429.7 429.7 308.8 429.7 0.00 71 70 18490 -69.5 -92.5 2 23.0 -69.6 230 34 435.7 435.7 309.4 435.7 0.00 72 70 18490 -69.5 -93.5 2 24.0 -69.6 230 34 435.7 435.7 309.4 435.7 0.00 73 68 18662 -69.9 -92.9 2 23.0 -70.0 232 34 438.5 438.5 309.7 438.5 0.00 74 62 19208 -71.7 -94.7 2 23.0 -71.8 240 42 446.2 446.2 310.5 446.2 0.00 75 59 19499 -72.3 -95.3 2 23.0 -72.4 242 33 451.2 451.2 311.0 451.2 0.00 76 56 19807 -71.1 -94.1 2 23.0 -71.2 245 24 460.8 460.8 311.8 460.8 0.00 77 52 20246 -68.9 -91.9 2 23.0 -69.1 234 35 475.8 475.8 313.1 475.8 0.00 78 51 20362 -69.7 -93.7 2 24.0 -69.9 231 38 476.5 476.5 313.2 476.5 0.00 79 50 20480 -69.3 -93.3 2 24.0 -69.5 270 25 480.2 480.2 313.5 480.2 0.00 80 49 20601 -68.9 -92.9 2 24.0 -69.1 270 25 483.9 483.9 313.8 483.9 0.00 81 48 20725 -68.1 -92.1 2 24.0 -68.3 270 25 488.7 488.7 314.1 488.7 0.00 82 47 20851 -68.1 -92.1 2 24.0 -68.3 270 25 491.6 491.6 314.4 491.6 0.00 83 47 20851 -68.1 -93.1 2 25.0 -68.3 270 25 491.6 491.6 314.4 491.6 0.00 84 45 21113 -67.9 -91.9 2 24.0 -68.1 273 23 498.3 498.3 314.8 498.3 0.00 85 45 21113 -67.9 -91.9 2 24.0 -68.1 273 23 498.3 498.3 314.8 498.3 0.00 86 45 21113 -68.1 -92.1 2 24.0 -68.3 273 23 497.8 497.8 314.8 497.8 0.00 87 43 21387 -66.5 -91.5 2 25.0 -66.8 269 16 508.2 508.2 315.5 508.2 0.00 88 42 21530 -65.3 -90.3 2 25.0 -65.7 246 13 514.6 514.6 315.9 514.7 0.00 89 39 21980 -66.1 -91.1 2 25.0 -66.4 250 9 523.6 523.6 316.5 523.6 0.00 90 39 21980 -66.1 -91.1 2 25.0 -66.4 250 9 523.6 523.6 316.5 523.6 0.00 91 37 22302 -63.5 -89.5 2 26.0 -64.0 267 7 538.3 538.3 317.4 538.3 0.00 92 35 22644 -62.1 -88.1 2 26.0 -62.7 274 6 550.5 550.5 318.1 550.6 0.00 93 34 22824 -62.3 -88.3 2 26.0 -62.9 264 8 554.6 554.6 318.3 554.6 0.00 94 31 23396 -60.9 -86.9 2 26.0 -61.7 237 9 573.2 573.2 319.3 573.3 0.01 95 30 23600 -61.3 -87.3 2 26.0 -62.1 245 14 577.5 577.5 319.5 577.6 0.01 96 28 24026 -62.5 -87.5 2 25.0 -63.2 245 13 585.7 585.7 319.9 585.7 0.01 97 27 24250 -62.7 -87.7 2 25.0 -63.4 265 15 591.3 591.3 320.2 591.3 0.01 98 23 25249 -57.9 -85.9 2 28.0 -59.3 297 22 633.1 633.1 322.0 633.2 0.01 99 22 25530 -56.9 -83.9 2 27.0 -58.6 299 17 644.2 644.2 322.4 644.3 0.02 100 20 26130 -58.9 -85.9 2 27.0 -60.4 275 12 655.9 655.9 322.9 656.0 0.01 101 18 26796 -56.5 -84.5 2 28.0 -58.6 266 9 683.5 683.5 323.9 683.7 0.02 102 17 27158 -57.7 -84.7 2 27.0 -59.6 257 6 690.9 690.9 324.1 691.1 0.02 103 16 27541 -57.7 -84.7 2 27.0 -59.7 291 11 703.0 703.0 324.6 703.2 0.02 104 13 28871 -51.7 -81.7 2 30.0 -55.8 312 19 766.8 766.8 326.4 767.2 0.04 105 13 28871 -50.5 -80.5 2 30.0 -54.9 312 19 771.0 771.0 326.5 771.4 0.05 106 12 29393 -50.9 -80.9 2 30.0 -55.4 253 21 787.4 787.4 327.0 787.8 0.05 107 11 29963 -48.5 -79.5 2 31.0 -54.2 265 20 816.0 816.0 327.7 816.6 0.07 108 10 30590 -48.7 -78.7 2 30.0 -54.6 320 26 837.8 837.8 328.1 838.6 0.08 109 9.3 31065 -50.1 -79.1 2 29.0 -55.7 319 27 850.0 850.0 328.4 850.8 0.08 110 8.5 31652 -51.1 -81.1 2 30.0 -56.6 318 29 868.2 868.3 328.8 868.9 0.07 111 7.7 32293 -52.1 -82.1 2 30.0 -57.6 316 30 889.1 889.1 329.2 889.7 0.06 112 7.3 32638 -51.9 -82.9 1 31.0 -57.6 316 31 903.6 903.6 329.5 904.2 0.06 113 7.0 32910 -52.5 -83.5 1 31.0 -58.1 315 32 912.0 912.1 329.7 912.6 0.05 114 6.7 33193 -52.9 -83.9 1 31.0 -58.5 921.8 921.9 329.8 922.4 0.05 TRP 92 16865 -70.5 -94.5 2 24.0 -70.6 235 72 401.0 401.0 305.3 401.0 0.00 WND 208 11853 -57.9 -61.8 60 4.0 -58.0 245 108 337.3 337.3 293.7 337.5 0.04 Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5654.00 m Freezing level: 643.24 mb = 3813.32 m = 12510.74 ft Wetbulb zero: 747.35 mb = 2592.30 m = 8504.82 ft Precipitable water: 0.38 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 17.00 % Est. max temperature: 26.34 C = 79.42 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 736.53 mb = 2713.28 m = 8901.73 ft T: 8.56 C 700-500 lapse rate: 6.68 C/km ThetaE index: 3.62 C Layer 743.0- 725.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 577.23 mb = 4668.18 m = 15315.36 ft Mean mixing ratio: 4.57 g/kg Conv temperature: 34.73 C = 94.52 F Cap Strength: 8.25 C Lifted Index: 7.87 C Risk: None Lifted Index @300 mb: 10.24 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 7.82 C Showalter Index: 6.29 C Risk: None Total Totals Index: 40.20 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 28.10 C Cross Totals Index: 12.10 C K Index: 3.70 Risk: None Sweat Index: 60.00 Risk: None Energy Index: 0.68 Risk: None Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 31.75 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 7.97 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 51249.47 J/kg Cap Strength: 8.21 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 703.38 mb = 3091.56 m = 10142.79 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): -1.00 mb = -9999.00 m = -9999.00 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 254 at 21 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 936 693 0 0 -0.0 -0.0 | 74 21 -19.8 -5.7 1 925 798 65 1 -0.9 -0.4 | 73 22 -20.7 -6.2 2 850 1515 185 11 1.0 11.0 | 106 20 -18.8 5.2 3 700 3131 215 29 16.6 23.8 | 170 18 -3.1 18.0 4 500 5780 235 38 31.1 21.8 | 215 20 11.3 16.1 5 400 7440 235 48 39.3 27.5 | 222 29 19.5 21.8 6 300 9450 225 61 43.1 43.1 | 212 44 23.4 37.4 7 250 10670 235 85 69.6 48.8 | 229 66 49.8 43.0 8 208 11853 245 108 97.9 45.6 | 243 88 78.1 39.9 9 200 12100 245 108 97.9 45.6 | 243 88 78.1 39.9 10 150 13910 230 89 68.2 57.2 | 223 71 48.4 51.5 11 100 16370 230 67 51.3 43.1 | 220 49 31.5 37.3 12 92 16865 235 72 59.0 41.3 | 228 53 39.2 35.6 13 89 17069 235 72 59.0 41.3 | 228 53 39.2 35.6 14 80 17678 240 45 39.0 22.5 | 229 25 19.2 16.8 15 72 18288 235 48 39.3 27.5 | 222 29 19.5 21.8 16 70 18490 230 34 26.0 21.9 | 201 17 6.3 16.1 17 65 18898 235 33 27.0 18.9 | 209 15 7.3 13.2 18 62 19202 240 42 36.4 21.0 | 227 23 16.6 15.3 19 56 19812 245 24 21.8 10.1 | 204 5 2.0 4.4 20 50 20422 230 39 29.9 25.1 | 208 22 10.1 19.3 21 50 20480 270 25 25.0 -0.0 | 318 8 5.2 -5.7 22 46 21031 270 25 25.0 -0.0 | 318 8 5.2 -5.7 23 43 21336 280 17 16.7 -3.0 | 19 9 -3.0 -8.7 24 41 21641 230 11 8.4 7.1 | 97 11 -11.4 1.3 25 36 22555 280 5 4.9 -0.9 | 66 16 -14.9 -6.6 26 32 23165 245 11 10.0 4.6 | 84 10 -9.8 -1.1 27 31 23470 235 8 6.6 4.6 | 85 13 -13.2 -1.1 28 30 23600 245 14 12.7 5.9 | 91 7 -7.1 0.2 29 28 24079 245 13 11.8 5.5 | 88 8 -8.0 -0.2 30 26 24384 280 17 16.7 -3.0 | 19 9 -3.0 -8.7 31 24 24994 295 27 24.5 -11.4 | 345 18 4.7 -17.1 32 22 25603 300 16 13.9 -8.0 | 23 15 -5.9 -13.7 33 20 26130 275 12 12.0 -1.0 | 49 10 -7.8 -6.8 34 20 26213 325 13 7.5 -10.6 | 37 21 -12.3 -16.4 35 19 26518 280 13 12.8 -2.3 | 41 11 -7.0 -8.0 36 17 27127 250 5 4.7 1.7 | 75 16 -15.1 -4.0 37 16 27432 295 9 8.2 -3.8 | 51 15 -11.6 -9.5 38 15 28042 275 17 16.9 -1.5 | 22 8 -2.8 -7.2 39 14 28651 320 18 11.6 -13.8 | 23 21 -8.2 -19.5 40 13 28956 310 19 14.6 -12.2 | 16 19 -5.2 -17.9 41 12 29566 235 22 18.0 12.6 | 166 7 -1.8 6.9 42 11 29870 255 19 18.4 4.9 | 60 2 -1.4 -0.8 43 10 30590 320 26 16.7 -19.9 | 7 26 -3.1 -25.7 44 7 32910 315 32 22.6 -22.6 | 354 29 2.8 -28.4 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 223.8 at 27.5 knts Storm direction: 253.8 at 20.6 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 5.3 neg: 0.0 tot: 5.3 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 105.5 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 197.4 neg: -1.1 tot: 196.3 m^2/s^2 ave: 65.4 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.89 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 7.1 stream: 6.3 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.03 Bulk Rich Number: 0.30 Bulk Shear: 105.69 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 122 3 80 23| 6.7 0.0 6.7| 35.8 -1.1 34.7 69.4 0.67| 8.4 5.6 1000 182 6 92 20| 6.7 0.0 6.7| 91.7 -1.1 90.6 90.6 0.77| 10.0 7.7 1500 189 10 101 19| 6.4 0.0 6.4|122.1 -1.1 121.1 80.7 0.82| 8.8 7.2 2000 197 13 111 17| 6.2 0.0 6.2|153.7 -1.1 152.7 76.3 0.86| 8.3 7.1 2500 205 15 122 16| 6.0 0.0 6.0|184.8 -1.1 183.8 73.5 0.88| 7.9 7.0 3000 208 18 131 15| 5.3 0.0 5.3|197.4 -1.1 196.3 65.4 0.89| 7.1 6.3 4000 214 22 148 14| 4.4 0.0 4.4|223.9 -1.1 222.8 55.7 0.90| 6.0 5.4 5000 220 25 163 14| 3.9 0.0 3.9|252.7 -1.1 251.6 50.3 0.91| 5.4 4.9 6000 224 27 177 14| 3.5 0.3 3.7|265.0 -1.1 263.9 44.0 0.86| 5.0 4.3 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KVEF/skewt/KVEF.skewt.20251223.00.gif