UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025122518.upa.cvt Date: 1800Z 25 DEC 25 Searching for KTWC... Searching the city database file for: KTWC ... Date:1800Z 25 DEC 25 Station: KTWC WMO ident: 72274 Latitude: 32.23 Longitude: -110.96 Elevation: 751.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 1000 175 SFC 936 751 17.6 11.6 68 6.0 13.9 0 0 296.3 298.0 289.6 322.9 9.20 2 934 769 17.8 11.8 68 6.0 14.1 20 1 296.7 298.4 289.9 323.8 9.34 3 927 831 17.2 10.2 63 7.0 13.0 90 6 296.7 298.2 289.1 321.3 8.45 4 925 849 17.4 9.4 59 8.0 12.6 110 7 297.1 298.6 288.9 320.5 8.02 5 922 877 18.0 8.0 52 10.0 12.1 108 7 298.0 299.3 288.6 319.4 7.31 6 890 1179 16.6 7.6 55 9.0 11.3 152 10 299.6 300.9 289.2 321.3 7.37 7 887 1207 17.0 7.0 52 10.0 11.2 158 10 300.3 301.6 289.2 321.3 7.10 8 850 1569 14.0 8.0 67 6.0 10.4 210 17 300.8 302.3 290.0 324.3 7.94 9 840 1669 13.2 8.7 74 4.5 10.5 219 14 301.0 302.5 290.6 325.9 8.43 10 824 1830 12.0 8.4 79 3.6 9.9 235 10 301.4 302.9 290.7 326.3 8.42 11 786 2225 10.0 4.0 66 6.0 6.6 242 17 303.3 304.5 289.6 322.9 6.50 12 775 2342 9.2 1.2 57 8.0 5.0 238 19 303.7 304.7 288.8 320.0 5.39 13 772 2374 9.2 0.2 53 9.0 4.5 237 20 304.0 305.0 288.5 319.3 5.03 14 770 2396 9.2 -2.8 43 12.0 3.4 237 20 304.3 305.0 287.6 316.7 4.04 15 760 2504 9.0 -4.0 40 13.0 2.8 235 20 305.2 305.9 287.7 316.7 3.74 16 750 2614 8.0 -3.0 46 11.0 2.7 235 19 305.3 306.0 288.1 317.8 4.09 17 746 2658 8.0 -4.0 42 12.0 2.3 235 19 305.7 306.4 287.9 317.5 3.81 18 735 2781 6.8 -0.2 61 7.0 3.2 236 18 305.7 306.7 289.2 321.4 5.13 19 734 2792 6.6 1.6 70 5.0 3.9 236 18 305.6 306.7 289.8 323.5 5.86 20 707 3099 4.0 1.6 84 2.4 2.7 247 19 306.0 307.2 290.2 324.6 6.09 21 704 3134 4.0 2.3 89 1.7 3.1 248 19 306.4 307.6 290.6 326.0 6.43 22 700 3180 3.8 2.0 88 1.8 2.8 250 19 306.7 307.9 290.6 326.0 6.33 23 678 3439 2.0 1.4 96 0.6 1.7 255 20 307.5 308.7 290.7 326.7 6.26 24 659 3667 0.8 -1.0 88 1.8 -0.1 240 21 308.7 309.7 290.4 325.3 5.40 25 653 3741 0.2 -0.6 94 0.8 -0.2 239 22 308.8 309.8 290.6 326.1 5.62 26 648 3802 0.0 -3.5 77 3.5 -1.7 239 23 309.2 310.1 289.8 323.4 4.56 27 645 3840 0.0 -9.0 51 9.0 -3.8 239 23 309.6 310.2 288.5 319.2 3.00 28 642 3877 0.0 -13.0 37 13.0 -5.0 238 24 310.1 310.5 287.8 317.1 2.19 29 639 3914 -0.7 -5.6 69 4.9 -2.9 238 24 309.7 310.4 289.4 322.1 3.94 30 635 3965 -1.3 -2.4 92 1.1 -1.9 238 25 309.6 310.5 290.3 325.3 5.05 31 633 3990 -1.5 -2.0 96 0.5 -1.7 237 25 309.6 310.6 290.5 325.8 5.22 32 615 4219 -3.3 -3.8 96 0.5 -3.6 236 28 310.1 311.0 290.2 324.8 4.70 33 613 4245 -3.5 -5.3 87 1.8 -4.3 235 28 310.2 311.0 289.8 323.4 4.21 34 607 4322 -4.1 -6.4 84 2.3 -5.1 235 30 310.3 311.1 289.6 322.6 3.90 35 606 4335 -3.9 -10.9 58 7.0 -6.7 235 30 310.7 311.2 288.6 319.5 2.75 36 605 4348 -3.9 -10.9 58 7.0 -6.7 234 30 310.9 311.4 288.6 319.7 2.75 37 604 4361 -4.1 -5.7 89 1.6 -4.8 234 30 310.8 311.6 289.9 323.8 4.14 38 603 4374 -4.3 -4.5 99 0.2 -4.4 234 30 310.7 311.6 290.3 324.9 4.54 39 596 4467 -4.5 -14.5 46 10.0 -8.1 234 32 311.5 311.9 288.2 318.3 2.08 40 594 4493 -4.7 -13.7 49 9.0 -8.0 233 32 311.6 312.0 288.3 318.8 2.23 41 590 4546 -4.9 -15.9 42 11.0 -8.7 233 33 311.9 312.3 288.1 318.1 1.87 42 589 4559 -4.9 -13.9 49 9.0 -8.2 233 33 312.1 312.5 288.5 319.3 2.22 43 586 4600 -5.1 -18.1 35 13.0 -9.3 232 34 312.3 312.6 287.9 317.5 1.57 44 585 4613 -5.3 -10.1 69 4.8 -7.2 232 34 312.2 312.8 289.3 322.0 3.03 45 582 4653 -5.7 -8.2 82 2.5 -6.8 232 34 312.2 312.9 289.8 323.5 3.54 46 575 4748 -6.7 -6.7 100 0.0 -6.7 231 36 312.1 312.9 290.2 324.9 4.03 47 565 4885 -7.5 -8.8 90 1.3 -8.1 230 38 312.8 313.4 289.9 323.9 3.48 48 564 4899 -7.5 -9.2 88 1.7 -8.2 230 38 312.9 313.6 289.9 323.7 3.38 49 561 4940 -7.1 -14.1 57 7.0 -9.6 231 39 313.9 314.3 289.2 321.4 2.29 50 558 4982 -7.3 -14.3 57 7.0 -9.8 232 39 314.1 314.6 289.2 321.5 2.26 51 555 5024 -7.7 -12.7 67 5.0 -9.6 233 40 314.1 314.6 289.5 322.6 2.59 52 554 5038 -7.7 -13.7 62 6.0 -9.9 233 40 314.3 314.8 289.4 322.1 2.40 53 551 5081 -8.1 -11.7 75 3.6 -9.5 234 41 314.3 314.9 289.8 323.5 2.83 54 500 5830 -11.9 -47.9 3 36.0 -17.0 250 51 318.5 318.5 288.4 318.9 0.10 55 400 7510 -22.1 -32.1 40 10.0 -23.9 235 75 326.3 326.4 291.3 328.6 0.65 56 300 9560 -38.7 -43.5 60 4.8 -39.1 225 72 330.8 330.9 292.2 331.9 0.27 57 250 10780 -48.3 -64.3 14 16.0 -48.7 230 83 334.3 334.3 292.9 334.4 0.03 58 200 12220 -57.5 -72.5 13 15.0 -57.7 240 85 341.7 341.7 294.7 341.8 0.01 59 176 13018 -62.9 -72.9 25 10.0 -63.0 235 84 345.6 345.6 295.7 345.6 0.01 60 161 13569 -61.2 -79.0 8 17.8 -61.4 235 93 357.3 357.3 298.2 357.3 0.00 61 150 14010 -59.9 -83.9 3 24.0 -60.1 225 84 366.9 366.9 300.0 366.9 0.00 62 100 16470 -72.1 -91.1 4 19.0 -72.2 220 69 388.4 388.4 303.6 388.4 0.00 63 94 16832 -73.3 -91.3 5 18.0 -73.3 220 67 393.0 393.0 304.2 393.0 0.00 64 92 16959 -71.3 -91.3 4 20.0 -71.3 220 63 399.4 399.4 305.1 399.4 0.00 65 84 17490 -75.3 -91.3 6 16.0 -75.3 223 52 401.8 401.8 305.5 401.8 0.00 66 78 17923 -71.7 -89.7 5 18.0 -71.8 234 57 417.9 417.9 307.4 417.9 0.00 67 74 18232 -72.1 -90.1 5 18.0 -72.2 231 42 423.4 423.4 308.1 423.4 0.00 68 72 18394 -71.1 -89.1 5 18.0 -71.2 224 43 428.8 428.8 308.7 428.8 0.00 69 70 18560 -72.1 -89.1 6 17.0 -72.2 215 49 430.1 430.1 308.9 430.1 0.00 70 67 18818 -73.1 -90.1 6 17.0 -73.2 214 48 433.4 433.4 309.2 433.4 0.00 71 64 19089 -71.9 -89.9 5 18.0 -72.0 221 45 441.7 441.7 310.0 441.8 0.00 72 62 19278 -68.1 -89.1 3 21.0 -68.2 228 41 454.2 454.2 311.3 454.2 0.00 73 60 19476 -67.7 -89.7 3 22.0 -67.9 234 36 459.4 459.4 311.7 459.4 0.00 74 57 19784 -69.7 -90.7 3 21.0 -69.8 244 29 461.6 461.6 311.9 461.6 0.00 75 53 20221 -68.5 -90.5 3 22.0 -68.7 252 21 474.1 474.1 313.0 474.1 0.00 76 50 20570 -69.9 -90.9 3 21.0 -70.1 275 32 478.8 478.8 313.4 478.8 0.00 77 48 20815 -67.3 -91.3 2 24.0 -67.5 288 35 490.6 490.6 314.2 490.6 0.00 78 45 21204 -66.5 -90.5 2 24.0 -66.8 309 32 501.7 501.7 315.1 501.7 0.00 79 43 21479 -67.5 -91.5 2 24.0 -67.8 315 24 505.8 505.8 315.4 505.8 0.00 80 39 22070 -65.5 -90.5 2 25.0 -65.8 294 20 525.2 525.2 316.6 525.2 0.00 81 36 22554 -67.3 -91.3 2 24.0 -67.6 335 23 532.7 532.7 317.1 532.7 0.00 82 33 23082 -65.1 -91.1 2 26.0 -65.5 295 25 551.9 551.9 318.2 551.9 0.00 83 31 23461 -67.1 -92.1 2 25.0 -67.5 292 21 556.5 556.5 318.5 556.5 0.00 84 30 23660 -64.1 -91.1 1 27.0 -64.7 290 18 569.9 569.9 319.2 569.9 0.00 85 27 24309 -61.1 -90.1 1 29.0 -62.0 281 23 595.8 595.8 320.4 595.8 0.00 86 26 24543 -61.7 -90.7 1 29.0 -62.6 294 22 600.5 600.5 320.6 600.5 0.00 87 23 25308 -58.5 -89.5 1 31.0 -59.9 312 19 631.4 631.4 322.0 631.4 0.01 88 20 26180 -61.7 -90.7 1 29.0 -62.8 320 19 647.3 647.3 322.6 647.3 0.01 89 19 26498 -61.7 -90.7 1 29.0 -62.9 324 21 656.9 656.9 322.9 656.9 0.01 90 17 27191 -59.5 -89.5 1 30.0 -61.1 324 11 685.2 685.2 324.0 685.2 0.01 91 16 27570 -60.3 -90.3 1 30.0 -61.9 303 11 694.5 694.5 324.3 694.6 0.01 92 15 27976 -55.9 -88.9 1 33.0 -58.5 297 15 722.1 722.1 325.1 722.2 0.01 93 14 28415 -56.5 -88.5 1 32.0 -59.0 296 20 734.5 734.5 325.5 734.5 0.01 94 13 28889 -53.3 -87.3 1 34.0 -56.9 298 25 761.3 761.3 326.3 761.4 0.01 95 10 30590 -50.5 -85.5 1 35.0 -55.8 270 34 831.0 831.1 328.0 831.3 0.03 96 9.6 30856 -51.1 -86.1 1 35.0 -56.3 838.5 838.5 328.1 838.8 0.02 TRP 176 13018 -62.9 -72.9 25 10.0 -63.0 235 84 345.6 345.6 295.7 345.6 0.01 WND 161 13569 -61.2 -79.0 8 17.8 -61.4 235 93 357.3 357.3 298.2 357.3 0.00 Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5655.00 m Freezing level: 642.00 mb = 3877.00 m = 12719.65 ft Wetbulb zero: 660.05 mb = 3654.60 m = 11990.02 ft Precipitable water: 0.96 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 66.67 % Est. max temperature: 24.50 C = 76.11 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 855.96 mb = 1509.68 m = 4952.95 ft T: 14.49 C 700-500 lapse rate: 5.92 C/km ThetaE index: 9.68 C Layer 786.0- 760.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 718.60 mb = 2965.69 m = 9729.84 ft Mean mixing ratio: 7.71 g/kg Conv temperature: 26.98 C = 80.56 F Cap Strength: 4.00 C Lifted Index: 3.26 C Risk: None Lifted Index @300 mb: 6.63 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 2.43 C Showalter Index: 2.17 C Risk: Showers probable Total Totals Index: 45.80 C Risk: Scattered moderate thunderstorms Vertical Totals Index: 25.90 C Cross Totals Index: 19.90 C K Index: 32.10 Risk: 60-80 % chance of thunderstorms Sweat Index: 286.35 Risk: None Energy Index: -0.98 Risk: Scattered severe thunderstorms Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 18.62 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 6.10 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 42668.84 J/kg Cap Strength: 3.82 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 785.64 mb = 2228.90 m = 7312.58 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): -1.00 mb = -9999.00 m = -9999.00 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 270 at 22 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 936 751 0 0 -0.0 -0.0 | 90 22 -22.4 -0.1 1 925 849 110 7 -6.6 2.4 | 95 29 -29.0 2.3 2 918 914 105 7 -6.8 1.8 | 93 29 -29.2 1.7 3 886 1219 160 10 -3.4 9.4 | 110 27 -25.9 9.3 4 850 1569 210 17 8.5 14.7 | 136 20 -13.9 14.6 5 824 1829 235 10 8.2 5.7 | 112 15 -14.3 5.7 6 794 2134 245 16 14.5 6.8 | 130 10 -7.9 6.7 7 765 2438 235 21 17.2 12.0 | 156 13 -5.2 12.0 8 738 2743 235 18 14.7 10.3 | 143 13 -7.7 10.2 9 700 3180 250 19 17.9 6.5 | 144 8 -4.6 6.4 10 685 3353 260 19 18.7 3.3 | 131 5 -3.7 3.2 11 659 3658 240 21 18.2 10.5 | 158 11 -4.3 10.4 12 610 4267 235 29 23.8 16.6 | 185 17 1.3 16.6 13 564 4877 230 38 29.1 24.4 | 195 25 6.7 24.3 14 500 5830 250 51 47.9 17.4 | 236 31 25.5 17.4 15 483 6096 250 57 53.6 19.5 | 238 37 31.1 19.4 16 400 7510 235 75 61.4 43.0 | 222 58 39.0 42.9 17 394 7620 235 75 61.4 43.0 | 222 58 39.0 42.9 18 332 8839 210 61 30.5 52.8 | 189 53 8.1 52.8 19 318 9144 215 62 35.6 50.8 | 195 52 13.1 50.7 20 300 9560 225 72 50.9 50.9 | 209 58 28.5 50.8 21 250 10780 230 83 63.6 53.4 | 218 67 41.1 53.3 22 211 11887 240 90 77.9 45.0 | 231 71 55.5 44.9 23 200 12220 240 85 73.6 42.5 | 230 66 51.2 42.4 24 176 13018 235 84 68.8 48.2 | 224 67 46.4 48.1 25 161 13569 235 93 76.2 53.3 | 225 76 53.7 53.3 26 157 13716 235 93 76.2 53.3 | 225 76 53.7 53.3 27 150 14010 225 84 59.4 59.4 | 212 70 37.0 59.3 28 122 15240 220 72 46.3 55.2 | 203 60 23.8 55.1 29 105 16154 220 58 37.3 44.4 | 198 47 14.8 44.4 30 100 16470 220 69 44.4 52.9 | 203 57 21.9 52.8 31 95 16764 220 69 44.4 52.9 | 203 57 21.9 52.8 32 86 17374 220 51 32.8 39.1 | 195 40 10.3 39.0 33 77 17983 235 58 47.5 33.3 | 217 42 25.1 33.2 34 73 18288 230 39 29.9 25.1 | 197 26 7.4 25.0 35 70 18560 215 49 28.1 40.1 | 188 40 5.7 40.1 36 70 18593 210 43 21.5 37.2 | 179 37 -0.9 37.2 37 66 18898 215 50 28.7 41.0 | 189 41 6.2 40.9 38 54 20117 255 21 20.3 5.4 | 158 6 -2.2 5.4 39 51 20422 245 22 19.9 9.3 | 165 10 -2.5 9.2 40 50 20570 275 32 31.9 -2.8 | 287 10 9.4 -2.9 41 46 21031 300 37 32.0 -18.5 | 333 21 9.6 -18.6 42 44 21336 315 28 19.8 -19.8 | 8 20 -2.6 -19.9 43 42 21641 315 19 13.4 -13.4 | 34 16 -9.0 -13.5 44 38 22250 285 20 19.3 -5.2 | 31 6 -3.1 -5.3 45 36 22555 335 23 9.7 -20.8 | 31 24 -12.7 -20.9 46 34 22860 295 23 20.8 -9.7 | 9 10 -1.6 -9.8 47 33 23165 295 26 23.6 -11.0 | 354 11 1.1 -11.1 48 30 23660 290 18 16.9 -6.2 | 42 8 -5.5 -6.2 49 29 23774 290 20 18.8 -6.8 | 28 8 -3.6 -6.9 50 27 24384 280 23 22.7 -4.0 | 357 4 0.2 -4.1 51 25 24689 305 21 17.2 -12.0 | 23 13 -5.2 -12.1 52 22 25603 315 18 12.7 -12.7 | 37 16 -9.7 -12.8 53 20 26180 320 19 12.2 -14.6 | 35 18 -10.2 -14.6 54 20 26213 300 28 24.2 -14.0 | 353 14 1.8 -14.1 55 19 26518 325 21 12.0 -17.2 | 31 20 -10.4 -17.3 56 18 26822 310 20 15.3 -12.9 | 29 15 -7.1 -12.9 57 17 27127 335 12 5.1 -10.9 | 58 21 -17.4 -11.0 58 16 27432 295 10 9.1 -4.2 | 72 14 -13.4 -4.3 59 16 27737 310 11 8.4 -7.1 | 63 16 -14.0 -7.1 60 15 28042 295 16 14.5 -6.8 | 49 10 -7.9 -6.8 61 12 29566 300 31 26.8 -15.5 | 344 16 4.4 -15.6 62 11 30175 265 31 30.9 2.7 | 253 9 8.4 2.6 63 10 30590 270 34 34.0 -0.0 | 270 12 11.6 -0.1 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 239.8 at 29.9 knts Storm direction: 269.8 at 22.4 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 3.3 neg: 1.3 tot: 4.7 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 73.7 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 181.9 neg: -40.4 tot: 141.5 m^2/s^2 ave: 47.2 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.34 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 11.7 stream: 4.0 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.02 Bulk Rich Number: 0.13 Bulk Shear: 142.47 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 133 7 100 28| 10.9 0.0 10.9| 80.4 0.0 80.4 160.8 0.67| 16.7 11.2 1000 181 11 116 25| 6.2 0.0 6.2|143.8 -19.5 124.3 124.3 0.47| 18.0 8.4 1500 208 12 121 20| 6.1 0.0 6.1|162.6 -28.3 134.3 89.6 0.45| 15.6 6.9 2000 220 14 127 17| 4.6 0.5 5.1|171.6 -38.0 133.7 66.8 0.39| 13.3 5.2 2500 227 15 130 15| 4.0 0.4 4.4|172.6 -39.0 133.6 53.5 0.35| 11.9 4.1 3000 232 16 133 14| 3.3 1.3 4.7|181.9 -40.4 141.5 47.2 0.34| 11.7 4.0 4000 233 19 148 13| 2.5 2.7 5.2|216.8 -40.4 176.3 44.1 0.38| 10.7 4.1 5000 236 24 169 14| 3.9 2.2 6.0|348.8 -40.4 308.3 61.7 0.48| 10.6 5.1 6000 240 30 193 15| 3.9 2.5 6.5|372.6 -98.5 274.1 45.7 0.39| 10.5 4.1 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KTWC/skewt/KTWC.skewt.20251225.18.gif