UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025121000.upa.cvt Date: 0000Z 10 DEC 25 Searching for KTWC... Searching the city database file for: KTWC ... Date:0000Z 10 DEC 25 Station: KTWC WMO ident: 72274 Latitude: 32.23 Longitude: -110.96 Elevation: 751.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 1000 114 SFC 930 751 22.6 -1.4 20 24.0 10.3 360 3 302.0 302.6 286.5 313.3 3.71 2 928 769 21.6 -2.4 20 24.0 9.6 344 4 301.1 301.7 285.9 311.6 3.45 3 925 796 21.4 -2.6 20 24.0 9.5 320 5 301.2 301.8 285.9 311.6 3.41 4 909 946 19.8 -3.2 21 23.0 8.5 311 6 301.1 301.7 285.8 311.2 3.32 5 905 984 20.4 -10.6 11 31.0 7.1 312 6 302.1 302.4 284.5 308.0 1.88 6 872 1303 18.2 -5.8 19 24.0 6.9 332 6 303.0 303.5 285.9 311.8 2.84 7 852 1501 17.6 -13.4 11 31.0 4.9 2 3 304.4 304.7 285.1 309.5 1.59 8 850 1521 17.2 -12.8 12 30.0 4.9 5 3 304.2 304.5 285.1 309.5 1.68 9 830 1723 15.8 -10.2 16 26.0 4.6 333 2 304.8 305.2 285.8 311.5 2.12 10 822 1805 15.6 -20.4 7 36.0 2.9 319 1 305.4 305.6 284.7 308.4 0.92 11 793 2108 13.6 -18.4 9 32.0 2.0 9 1 306.4 306.6 285.4 310.1 1.13 12 780 2247 13.6 -25.4 5 39.0 1.1 15 5 307.9 308.0 285.3 310.0 0.62 13 771 2345 13.0 -17.0 11 30.0 1.7 15 8 308.2 308.5 286.2 312.5 1.31 14 769 2366 13.2 -14.8 13 28.0 2.1 15 8 308.7 309.0 286.7 313.8 1.57 15 750 2576 11.4 -11.6 19 23.0 1.8 19 12 309.0 309.3 287.3 315.7 2.10 16 721 2904 9.6 -12.4 20 22.0 0.5 30 14 310.5 310.9 287.8 317.1 2.04 17 700 3148 8.2 -22.8 9 31.0 -2.0 35 17 311.6 311.7 286.9 314.5 0.87 18 697 3183 8.0 -27.0 6 35.0 -2.5 35 17 311.7 311.8 286.6 313.8 0.60 19 694 3219 7.8 -16.2 16 24.0 -1.3 35 17 311.9 312.2 287.8 317.0 1.55 20 691 3255 7.8 -23.2 9 31.0 -2.3 35 17 312.3 312.4 287.1 315.2 0.85 21 683 3350 6.8 -13.2 22 20.0 -1.2 35 17 312.2 312.6 288.3 318.8 2.02 22 667 3545 5.8 -14.2 22 20.0 -2.0 32 15 313.2 313.6 288.6 319.5 1.91 23 621 4125 1.2 -16.8 25 18.0 -5.3 26 13 314.4 314.7 288.7 319.9 1.65 24 591 4522 -0.3 -24.3 14 24.0 -7.5 29 13 317.1 317.3 288.8 320.3 0.90 25 582 4645 -0.7 -26.7 12 26.0 -8.1 32 12 318.1 318.2 288.9 320.7 0.74 26 548 5123 -3.9 -25.9 16 22.0 -10.1 36 10 319.8 320.0 289.6 322.7 0.84 27 540 5239 -4.3 -28.3 13 24.0 -10.7 34 11 320.7 320.8 289.7 323.1 0.69 28 500 5840 -9.1 -35.1 10 26.0 -14.6 20 19 321.9 322.0 289.8 323.4 0.39 29 459 6495 -14.3 -40.3 9 26.0 -18.7 17 14 323.4 323.5 290.1 324.4 0.25 30 400 7520 -23.1 -43.1 14 20.0 -25.6 65 14 325.0 325.0 290.5 325.8 0.21 31 399 7538 -23.3 -43.3 14 20.0 -25.8 65 14 324.9 325.0 290.5 325.7 0.21 32 364 8201 -28.9 -52.9 8 24.0 -30.8 51 13 326.1 326.1 290.7 326.4 0.08 33 347 8541 -31.9 -51.9 12 20.0 -33.4 69 14 326.5 326.6 290.8 326.9 0.09 34 308 9370 -38.7 -55.7 15 17.0 -39.6 78 16 328.3 328.4 291.3 328.6 0.07 35 301 9527 -40.1 -59.1 11 19.0 -40.9 80 16 328.5 328.5 291.3 328.7 0.04 36 300 9550 -40.3 -59.3 11 19.0 -41.1 80 16 328.6 328.6 291.3 328.7 0.04 37 285 9895 -43.5 -57.5 20 14.0 -44.0 78 17 328.8 328.8 291.5 329.1 0.06 38 281 9990 -44.3 -59.3 17 15.0 -44.8 74 17 329.0 329.0 291.5 329.2 0.05 39 261 10479 -47.5 -71.5 5 24.0 -48.0 54 17 331.3 331.3 292.1 331.4 0.01 40 250 10760 -50.3 -72.3 6 22.0 -50.7 50 20 331.3 331.3 292.1 331.3 0.01 41 208 11936 -60.3 -76.3 11 16.0 -60.4 29 35 333.5 333.5 292.7 333.5 0.01 42 202 12118 -61.7 -73.7 19 12.0 -61.8 26 37 334.1 334.1 292.8 334.1 0.01 43 200 12180 -61.9 -75.9 14 14.0 -62.0 25 38 334.7 334.7 293.0 334.8 0.01 44 198 12242 -62.3 -77.3 12 15.0 -62.4 26 38 335.1 335.1 293.1 335.1 0.01 45 192 12432 -61.7 -78.7 9 17.0 -61.8 29 40 339.0 339.0 294.1 339.0 0.00 46 169 13214 -66.3 -77.3 20 11.0 -66.4 235 11 343.9 343.9 295.3 344.0 0.01 47 163 13434 -65.1 -79.1 13 14.0 -65.2 238 13 349.5 349.5 296.5 349.5 0.00 48 158 13623 -66.1 -79.1 15 13.0 -66.2 263 26 351.0 351.0 296.8 351.0 0.00 49 150 13940 -64.1 -84.1 5 20.0 -64.2 285 34 359.7 359.7 298.7 359.7 0.00 50 149 13981 -64.1 -84.1 5 20.0 -64.2 287 33 360.3 360.3 298.8 360.4 0.00 51 135 14580 -66.7 -84.7 6 18.0 -66.8 285 36 366.0 366.0 299.8 366.1 0.00 52 112 15703 -67.7 -86.7 5 19.0 -67.8 280 35 384.3 384.3 302.9 384.3 0.00 53 100 16380 -70.1 -87.1 7 17.0 -70.2 280 28 392.3 392.3 304.1 392.3 0.00 54 94 16746 -71.9 -87.9 7 16.0 -72.0 280 28 395.8 395.8 304.6 395.8 0.00 55 91 16937 -72.3 -88.3 7 16.0 -72.3 283 33 398.6 398.6 305.0 398.7 0.00 56 79 17777 -68.7 -87.7 5 19.0 -68.8 300 31 422.5 422.5 308.0 422.5 0.00 57 70 18500 -69.5 -88.5 5 19.0 -69.6 300 25 435.7 435.7 309.4 435.7 0.00 58 69 18586 -69.3 -88.3 5 19.0 -69.4 300 25 437.9 437.9 309.7 437.9 0.00 59 65 18942 -71.3 -89.3 5 18.0 -71.4 311 19 441.1 441.1 310.0 441.1 0.00 60 60 19417 -70.9 -89.9 4 19.0 -71.0 292 13 452.2 452.2 311.1 452.2 0.00 61 56 19830 -68.3 -89.3 3 21.0 -68.5 306 12 467.1 467.1 312.4 467.2 0.00 62 52 20275 -69.3 -90.3 3 21.0 -69.5 320 10 474.8 474.8 313.0 474.8 0.00 63 51 20391 -68.1 -90.1 3 22.0 -68.3 324 10 480.3 480.3 313.5 480.3 0.00 64 50 20510 -69.3 -90.3 3 21.0 -69.5 315 15 480.2 480.2 313.5 480.2 0.00 65 48 20753 -70.3 -90.3 4 20.0 -70.5 304 11 483.4 483.4 313.7 483.4 0.00 66 45 21138 -67.7 -90.7 2 23.0 -67.9 340 14 498.8 498.8 314.8 498.8 0.00 67 44 21274 -64.7 -89.7 2 25.0 -65.1 340 14 509.3 509.3 315.6 509.3 0.00 68 42 21559 -63.3 -89.3 2 26.0 -63.7 352 15 519.6 519.6 316.3 519.6 0.00 69 36 22506 -62.9 -88.9 2 26.0 -63.4 24 19 544.0 544.0 317.8 544.1 0.00 70 35 22680 -61.1 -89.1 1 28.0 -61.8 14 18 553.1 553.1 318.3 553.2 0.00 71 33 23045 -61.3 -89.3 1 28.0 -62.0 15 13 562.0 562.0 318.8 562.0 0.00 72 31 23435 -59.1 -88.1 1 29.0 -60.1 16 17 578.1 578.1 319.6 578.1 0.01 73 30 23640 -60.1 -88.1 1 28.0 -61.0 25 23 580.8 580.8 319.7 580.8 0.01 74 27 24296 -61.3 -88.3 2 27.0 -62.1 37 21 595.2 595.2 320.4 595.2 0.01 75 25 24775 -59.3 -88.3 1 29.0 -60.4 60 13 614.2 614.2 321.2 614.2 0.01 76 24 25031 -60.3 -88.3 1 28.0 -61.4 48 14 618.5 618.5 321.4 618.5 0.01 77 21 25869 -57.1 -87.1 1 30.0 -58.8 39 17 652.2 652.2 322.7 652.3 0.01 78 20 26180 -54.5 -86.5 1 32.0 -56.8 60 17 669.4 669.4 323.4 669.4 0.01 79 19 26509 -54.3 -85.3 1 31.0 -56.8 23 21 679.9 679.9 323.7 680.0 0.01 80 18 26856 -53.5 -84.5 1 31.0 -56.2 41 19 693.0 693.0 324.2 693.1 0.02 81 17 27224 -52.9 -84.9 1 32.0 -55.9 69 17 706.3 706.3 324.6 706.5 0.02 82 16 27618 -49.5 -83.5 1 34.0 -53.7 63 17 729.8 729.8 325.4 730.0 0.02 83 16 27618 -49.3 -82.3 1 33.0 -53.6 63 17 730.4 730.4 325.4 730.7 0.03 84 14 28489 -51.9 -83.9 1 32.0 -55.7 67 17 750.1 750.1 326.0 750.3 0.02 85 14 28489 -50.7 -83.7 1 33.0 -54.9 67 17 754.1 754.1 326.1 754.3 0.03 86 12 29487 -53.3 -84.3 1 31.0 -57.1 77 13 778.9 778.9 326.7 779.1 0.03 87 12 29487 -52.1 -84.1 1 32.0 -56.2 77 13 783.1 783.2 326.8 783.4 0.03 88 11 30049 -53.3 -84.3 1 31.0 -57.3 78 12 798.5 798.5 327.2 798.8 0.03 89 11 30049 -53.1 -85.1 1 32.0 -57.2 78 12 799.3 799.3 327.3 799.5 0.03 TRP 169 13214 -66.3 -77.3 20 11.0 -66.4 235 11 343.9 343.9 295.3 344.0 0.01 WND Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5726.00 m Freezing level: 597.00 mb = 4442.41 m = 14574.67 ft Wetbulb zero: 716.44 mb = 2956.07 m = 9698.28 ft Precipitable water: 0.28 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 15.59 % Est. max temperature: 28.39 C = 83.11 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 650.08 mb = 3753.19 m = 12313.48 ft T: 4.15 C 700-500 lapse rate: 6.43 C/km ThetaE index: 5.30 C Layer 928.0- 872.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 445.98 mb = 6709.36 m = 22012.08 ft Mean mixing ratio: 2.44 g/kg Conv temperature: 43.97 C = 111.15 F Cap Strength: 13.32 C Lifted Index: 12.91 C Risk: None Lifted Index @300 mb: 13.06 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 7.83 C Showalter Index: 13.50 C Risk: None Total Totals Index: 22.60 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 26.30 C Cross Totals Index: -3.70 C K Index: -17.50 Risk: None Sweat Index: 25.00 Risk: None Energy Index: 2.99 Risk: None Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 16.48 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 5.74 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 43441.33 J/kg Cap Strength: 13.31 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 589.41 mb = 4543.46 m = 14906.17 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): -1.00 mb = -9999.00 m = -9999.00 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 53 at 8 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 930 751 360 3 -0.0 -3.0 | 252 7 6.7 2.1 1 925 796 320 5 3.2 -3.8 | 263 10 10.0 1.3 2 912 914 310 6 4.6 -3.9 | 264 11 11.3 1.3 3 880 1219 320 7 4.5 -5.4 | 271 11 11.2 -0.2 4 850 1521 5 3 -0.3 -3.0 | 252 7 6.5 2.1 5 819 1829 315 1 0.7 -0.7 | 239 9 7.4 4.4 6 790 2134 15 1 -0.3 -1.0 | 237 8 6.5 4.2 7 762 2438 15 11 -2.8 -10.6 | 325 7 3.9 -5.5 8 735 2743 25 13 -5.5 -11.8 | 349 7 1.2 -6.7 9 708 3048 35 14 -8.0 -11.5 | 12 6 -1.3 -6.3 10 700 3148 35 17 -9.8 -13.9 | 19 9 -3.0 -8.8 11 682 3353 35 17 -9.8 -13.9 | 19 9 -3.0 -8.8 12 657 3658 30 14 -7.0 -12.1 | 2 7 -0.3 -7.0 13 609 4267 25 13 -5.5 -11.8 | 349 7 1.2 -6.7 14 586 4572 30 13 -6.5 -11.3 | 358 6 0.2 -6.1 15 564 4877 40 8 -5.1 -6.1 | 302 2 1.6 -1.0 16 543 5182 35 10 -5.7 -8.2 | 342 3 1.0 -3.1 17 503 5791 20 21 -7.2 -19.7 | 2 15 -0.4 -14.6 18 500 5840 20 19 -6.5 -17.9 | 359 13 0.2 -12.7 19 483 6096 20 15 -5.1 -14.1 | 350 9 1.6 -9.0 20 464 6401 10 15 -2.6 -14.8 | 337 10 4.1 -9.6 21 446 6706 35 13 -7.5 -10.6 | 7 6 -0.7 -5.5 22 411 7315 40 17 -10.9 -13.0 | 28 9 -4.2 -7.9 23 400 7520 65 14 -12.7 -5.9 | 82 6 -6.0 -0.8 24 394 7620 65 14 -12.7 -5.9 | 82 6 -6.0 -0.8 25 362 8230 50 13 -10.0 -8.4 | 45 5 -3.2 -3.2 26 346 8534 70 14 -13.2 -4.8 | 93 6 -6.4 0.3 27 332 8839 60 14 -12.1 -7.0 | 71 6 -5.4 -1.9 28 318 9144 75 15 -14.5 -3.9 | 99 8 -7.8 1.2 29 300 9550 80 16 -15.8 -2.8 | 105 9 -9.0 2.3 30 291 9754 85 17 -16.9 -1.5 | 110 11 -10.2 3.6 31 265 10363 55 16 -13.1 -9.2 | 58 8 -6.4 -4.0 32 250 10760 50 20 -15.3 -12.9 | 48 12 -8.6 -7.7 33 200 12180 25 38 -16.1 -34.4 | 18 31 -9.3 -29.3 34 190 12497 30 40 -20.0 -34.6 | 24 32 -13.3 -29.5 35 181 12802 45 14 -9.9 -9.9 | 34 6 -3.2 -4.8 36 172 13106 165 4 -1.0 3.9 | 212 11 5.7 9.0 37 169 13214 235 11 9.0 6.3 | 234 19 15.7 11.4 38 164 13411 235 11 9.0 6.3 | 234 19 15.7 11.4 39 156 13716 275 32 31.9 -2.8 | 267 39 38.6 2.3 40 150 13940 285 34 32.8 -8.8 | 275 40 39.6 -3.7 41 148 14021 290 32 30.1 -10.9 | 279 37 36.8 -5.8 42 121 15240 280 40 39.4 -6.9 | 272 46 46.1 -1.8 43 100 16380 280 28 27.6 -4.9 | 270 34 34.3 0.3 44 94 16764 280 28 27.6 -4.9 | 270 34 34.3 0.3 45 89 17069 285 37 35.7 -9.6 | 276 43 42.5 -4.4 46 73 18288 310 26 19.9 -16.7 | 293 29 26.7 -11.6 47 70 18500 300 25 21.7 -12.5 | 285 29 28.4 -7.4 48 69 18593 300 25 21.7 -12.5 | 285 29 28.4 -7.4 49 65 18898 315 20 14.1 -14.1 | 293 23 20.9 -9.0 50 62 19202 285 14 13.5 -3.6 | 266 20 20.3 1.5 51 51 20422 325 10 5.7 -8.2 | 284 13 12.5 -3.1 52 50 20510 315 15 10.6 -10.6 | 288 18 17.3 -5.5 53 48 20726 300 11 9.5 -5.5 | 271 16 16.3 -0.4 54 46 21031 340 14 4.8 -13.2 | 305 14 11.5 -8.0 55 44 21336 340 14 4.8 -13.2 | 305 14 11.5 -8.0 56 42 21641 355 15 1.3 -14.9 | 321 13 8.0 -9.8 57 40 21946 315 10 7.1 -7.1 | 278 14 13.8 -1.9 58 38 22250 40 22 -14.1 -16.9 | 32 14 -7.4 -11.7 59 34 22860 5 16 -1.4 -15.9 | 334 12 5.3 -10.8 60 32 23165 20 11 -3.8 -10.3 | 330 6 3.0 -5.2 61 31 23470 15 18 -4.7 -17.4 | 350 12 2.1 -12.3 62 30 23640 25 23 -9.7 -20.8 | 11 16 -3.0 -15.7 63 28 24079 30 26 -13.0 -22.5 | 20 18 -6.3 -17.4 64 27 24384 40 19 -12.2 -14.6 | 30 11 -5.5 -9.4 65 25 24689 65 12 -10.9 -5.1 | 91 4 -4.1 0.1 66 22 25603 20 17 -5.8 -16.0 | 355 11 0.9 -10.8 67 20 26180 60 17 -14.7 -8.5 | 67 9 -8.0 -3.4 68 20 26213 10 24 -4.2 -23.6 | 352 19 2.6 -18.5 69 18 26518 35 19 -10.9 -15.6 | 22 11 -4.2 -10.4 70 17 26822 75 17 -16.4 -4.4 | 94 10 -9.7 0.7 71 15 27127 55 17 -13.9 -9.8 | 57 9 -7.2 -4.6 72 14 27432 65 18 -16.3 -7.6 | 75 10 -9.6 -2.5 73 13 27737 75 13 -12.6 -3.4 | 107 6 -5.8 1.8 74 10 28651 80 12 -11.8 -2.1 | 121 6 -5.1 3.0 75 9 28956 90 10 -10.0 0.0 | 148 6 -3.3 5.1 76 9 29261 110 13 -12.2 4.4 | 150 11 -5.5 9.6 77 8 29566 165 5 -1.3 4.8 | 209 11 5.4 10.0 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 22.7 at 11.3 knts Storm direction: 52.7 at 8.5 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 2.7 neg: 1.2 tot: 3.9 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 107.7 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 33.3 neg: -14.9 tot: 18.4 m^2/s^2 ave: 6.1 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.31 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 6.3 stream: 2.0 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.00 Bulk Rich Number: 1.15 Bulk Shear: 14.33 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 317 6 266 11| 0.0 4.6 4.6| 8.4 0.0 8.4 16.8 0.49| 6.7 3.3 1000 325 5 263 10| 2.6 2.3 4.9| 8.4 -8.0 0.4 0.4 -0.05| 6.8 -0.3 1500 330 4 257 9| 1.7 1.5 3.3| 13.3 -9.4 3.9 2.6 0.09| 6.4 0.6 2000 355 5 272 7| 2.9 1.2 4.1| 26.9 -9.4 17.5 8.7 0.38| 7.1 2.7 2500 11 7 291 6| 3.3 0.9 4.2| 33.3 -9.4 23.9 9.5 0.43| 6.8 2.9 3000 19 9 308 5| 2.7 1.2 3.9| 33.3 -14.9 18.4 6.1 0.31| 6.3 2.0 4000 22 10 322 5| 1.9 1.0 2.9| 34.7 -18.2 16.5 4.1 0.24| 5.4 1.3 5000 24 10 330 5| 1.5 1.3 2.8| 37.9 -19.7 18.2 3.6 0.20| 5.8 1.2 6000 23 11 336 6| 1.5 1.0 2.6| 46.1 -32.1 14.0 2.3 0.16| 6.0 1.0 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KTWC/skewt/KTWC.skewt.20251210.00.gif