UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025042800.upa.cvt Date: 0000Z 28 APR 25 Searching for KTWC... Searching the city database file for: KTWC ... Date:0000Z 28 APR 25 Station: KTWC WMO ident: 72274 Latitude: 32.23 Longitude: -110.96 Elevation: 751.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 1000 74 SFC 926 751 25.6 -4.4 13 30.0 10.6 350 10 305.4 305.9 287.0 314.7 2.97 2 925 759 25.2 -4.8 13 30.0 10.4 330 6 305.1 305.6 286.8 314.1 2.89 3 921 797 22.8 -5.2 15 28.0 9.3 324 7 303.0 303.5 285.9 311.7 2.81 4 917 834 22.4 -5.6 15 28.0 9.0 318 7 303.0 303.5 285.8 311.5 2.74 5 850 1485 16.2 -7.8 18 24.0 5.5 255 9 303.1 303.6 285.7 310.9 2.50 6 750 2529 6.0 -9.0 33 15.0 -0.2 246 10 303.1 303.6 285.7 311.1 2.58 7 700 3088 0.6 -9.4 47 10.0 -3.4 240 15 303.1 303.6 285.8 311.5 2.68 8 667 3473 -3.1 -11.1 54 8.0 -6.1 238 19 303.2 303.7 285.7 310.9 2.45 9 664 3509 -3.5 -11.5 54 8.0 -6.4 235 20 303.2 303.6 285.5 310.6 2.39 10 663 3521 -3.1 -16.1 36 13.0 -7.4 235 20 303.7 304.0 284.9 309.0 1.64 11 662 3533 -3.1 -16.1 36 13.0 -7.4 234 20 303.9 304.2 285.0 309.1 1.64 12 654 3629 -4.1 -13.1 50 9.0 -7.3 228 22 303.8 304.2 285.5 310.5 2.13 13 650 3677 -4.3 -18.3 33 14.0 -8.6 225 23 304.1 304.4 284.8 308.6 1.39 14 648 3701 -4.7 -15.7 42 11.0 -8.3 225 24 303.9 304.2 285.1 309.4 1.74 15 645 3738 -4.7 -17.7 35 13.0 -8.8 226 24 304.3 304.6 284.9 309.1 1.47 16 639 3811 -5.5 -17.5 38 12.0 -9.2 227 26 304.2 304.5 284.9 309.1 1.51 17 637 3836 -5.1 -27.1 16 22.0 -10.5 228 26 305.0 305.1 284.2 307.1 0.65 18 635 3861 -4.9 -29.9 12 25.0 -10.6 228 27 305.5 305.5 284.2 307.2 0.50 19 633 3885 -5.1 -32.1 10 27.0 -10.9 228 28 305.5 305.6 284.1 306.9 0.41 20 580 4568 -9.1 -41.1 5 32.0 -14.3 249 39 308.6 308.6 285.0 309.2 0.18 21 571 4688 -9.9 -36.9 9 27.0 -14.7 250 41 309.0 309.1 285.3 310.0 0.28 22 556 4893 -11.3 -24.3 33 13.0 -14.6 250 46 309.7 309.9 286.4 312.9 0.96 23 552 4949 -11.7 -23.7 36 12.0 -14.7 249 47 309.9 310.1 286.5 313.3 1.02 24 542 5089 -12.7 -25.7 33 13.0 -15.7 245 50 310.3 310.5 286.5 313.2 0.87 25 534 5202 -13.1 -23.1 43 10.0 -15.7 242 52 311.2 311.4 287.1 314.9 1.11 26 526 5317 -13.9 -25.9 36 12.0 -16.7 240 54 311.5 311.7 286.9 314.5 0.88 27 503 5655 -16.5 -24.5 50 8.0 -18.4 231 61 312.4 312.6 287.4 315.9 1.04 28 500 5700 -16.7 -26.7 42 10.0 -18.9 230 62 312.7 312.8 287.3 315.6 0.86 29 495 5775 -16.7 -29.7 32 13.0 -19.3 230 63 313.6 313.7 287.3 315.9 0.66 30 485 5928 -17.9 -33.9 23 16.0 -20.7 230 65 313.9 314.0 287.2 315.5 0.45 31 484 5943 -17.9 -33.9 23 16.0 -20.7 230 66 314.1 314.2 287.3 315.7 0.45 32 481 5990 -18.3 -35.3 21 17.0 -21.1 230 66 314.2 314.3 287.3 315.6 0.39 33 465 6242 -17.9 -41.9 10 24.0 -21.3 230 75 317.7 317.8 288.2 318.5 0.21 34 460 6323 -17.9 -42.9 9 25.0 -21.4 230 80 318.7 318.8 288.6 319.4 0.19 35 443 6603 -19.7 -45.7 8 26.0 -22.9 231 86 319.9 319.9 288.9 320.5 0.14 36 422 6960 -22.7 -39.7 20 17.0 -25.1 233 89 320.5 320.6 289.2 321.6 0.29 37 411 7153 -24.3 -35.3 35 11.0 -26.0 234 91 320.9 321.0 289.5 322.6 0.46 38 400 7350 -25.9 -35.9 39 10.0 -27.3 235 93 321.3 321.4 289.6 322.9 0.45 39 392 7496 -26.7 -35.7 42 9.0 -28.0 235 95 322.1 322.2 289.9 323.8 0.46 40 386 7607 -27.5 -36.5 42 9.0 -28.7 235 96 322.5 322.6 290.0 324.1 0.44 41 384 7644 -27.7 -36.7 42 9.0 -28.9 235 96 322.7 322.8 290.0 324.3 0.43 42 379 7739 -27.3 -40.3 28 13.0 -28.9 235 97 324.5 324.5 290.5 325.6 0.30 43 376 7796 -27.7 -41.7 25 14.0 -29.3 235 98 324.7 324.7 290.5 325.7 0.26 44 342 8471 -32.1 -49.1 17 17.0 -33.5 237 100 327.6 327.6 291.2 328.1 0.13 45 312 9111 -37.9 -51.9 22 14.0 -38.8 240 100 328.2 328.3 291.3 328.6 0.10 46 300 9380 -39.7 -58.7 11 19.0 -40.5 235 102 329.4 329.4 291.6 329.6 0.05 47 296 9472 -40.5 -59.5 11 19.0 -41.3 236 103 329.5 329.6 291.6 329.7 0.04 48 294 9518 -40.9 -59.9 11 19.0 -41.7 236 103 329.6 329.6 291.6 329.8 0.04 49 270 10091 -46.3 -61.3 17 15.0 -46.7 241 107 329.9 329.9 291.7 330.0 0.04 50 252 10548 -49.2 -65.1 14 15.9 -49.6 245 111 332.2 332.2 292.3 332.3 0.02 51 250 10600 -49.5 -65.5 14 16.0 -49.8 240 111 332.5 332.5 292.4 332.6 0.02 52 224 11307 -54.9 -71.9 10 17.0 -55.1 243 106 334.8 334.8 293.0 334.8 0.01 53 200 12020 -60.1 -72.1 19 12.0 -60.2 240 100 337.6 337.6 293.7 337.6 0.01 54 196 12146 -61.3 -72.3 22 11.0 -61.4 242 100 337.6 337.6 293.7 337.7 0.01 55 192 12275 -61.7 -72.7 22 11.0 -61.8 245 101 339.0 339.0 294.1 339.0 0.01 56 185 12505 -61.7 -72.7 22 11.0 -61.8 245 101 342.6 342.6 295.0 342.7 0.01 57 176 12818 -58.7 -84.7 2 26.0 -58.9 245 92 352.5 352.5 297.1 352.5 0.00 58 173 12926 -59.1 -83.1 3 24.0 -59.3 245 90 353.5 353.5 297.4 353.5 0.00 59 165 13226 -56.5 -85.5 1 29.0 -56.8 244 80 362.7 362.7 299.2 362.7 0.00 60 150 13830 -58.1 -86.1 2 28.0 -58.3 235 60 370.0 370.0 300.5 370.0 0.00 61 100 16370 -62.5 -88.5 2 26.0 -62.7 220 57 407.0 407.0 306.1 407.0 0.00 62 96 16622 -63.1 -89.1 2 26.0 -63.3 220 61 410.6 410.6 306.6 410.6 0.00 63 90 17021 -60.9 -88.9 1 28.0 -61.2 224 57 422.6 422.6 308.0 422.6 0.00 64 86 17304 -61.9 -89.9 1 28.0 -62.1 229 50 426.1 426.1 308.4 426.1 0.00 65 83 17525 -58.7 -89.7 1 31.0 -59.1 225 33 437.0 437.0 309.6 437.0 0.00 66 70 18580 -65.1 -90.1 2 25.0 -65.3 245 1 445.1 445.1 310.4 445.1 0.00 67 63 19215 -67.9 -91.9 2 24.0 -68.1 233 10 452.6 452.6 311.1 452.6 0.00 68 63 19215 -65.5 -91.5 2 26.0 -65.7 233 10 457.8 457.8 311.6 457.9 0.00 69 61 19411 -64.3 -91.3 1 27.0 -64.6 214 13 464.8 464.8 312.2 464.8 0.00 70 59 19614 -64.7 -90.7 2 26.0 -65.0 199 16 468.3 468.3 312.5 468.3 0.00 71 58 19718 -64.3 -91.3 1 27.0 -64.6 194 18 471.5 471.5 312.8 471.5 0.00 72 58 19718 -61.9 -90.9 1 29.0 -62.3 194 18 476.9 476.9 313.2 476.9 0.00 73 57 19825 -61.5 -90.5 1 29.0 -61.9 194 18 480.2 480.2 313.5 480.2 0.00 74 52 20389 -63.9 -90.9 1 27.0 -64.3 239 15 487.4 487.4 314.0 487.4 0.00 75 50 20630 -62.3 -90.3 1 28.0 -62.7 230 19 496.7 496.7 314.7 496.7 0.00 76 49 20755 -61.7 -91.7 1 30.0 -62.2 177 11 501.0 501.0 315.0 501.0 0.00 77 48 20884 -59.1 -90.1 1 31.0 -59.7 207 15 510.1 510.1 315.7 510.1 0.00 78 46 21152 -57.7 -89.7 1 32.0 -58.5 266 19 519.8 519.8 316.3 519.8 0.00 79 43 21577 -59.7 -89.7 1 30.0 -60.4 8 14 525.0 525.0 316.6 525.0 0.00 80 40 22031 -58.5 -89.5 1 31.0 -59.3 3 11 538.9 538.9 317.5 539.0 0.00 81 37 22520 -60.1 -90.1 1 30.0 -60.9 32 10 547.0 547.0 317.9 547.0 0.00 82 32 23433 -57.5 -89.5 1 32.0 -58.6 79 10 577.1 577.1 319.5 577.2 0.00 83 31 23634 -58.9 -89.9 1 31.0 -59.9 77 10 578.6 578.6 319.6 578.6 0.00 84 30 23840 -58.3 -89.3 1 31.0 -59.4 115 15 585.7 585.7 319.9 585.7 0.00 85 28 24275 -57.9 -88.9 1 31.0 -59.2 120 14 598.5 598.5 320.5 598.5 0.01 86 27 24506 -55.3 -89.3 1 34.0 -57.0 109 12 612.1 612.1 321.2 612.1 0.00 87 23 25533 -53.7 -87.7 1 34.0 -55.9 91 10 645.5 645.5 322.5 645.5 0.01 88 21 26122 -50.7 -86.7 1 36.0 -53.9 145 8 671.5 671.6 323.5 671.6 0.01 89 20 26440 -50.9 -86.9 1 36.0 -54.1 180 5 680.4 680.4 323.8 680.4 0.01 90 18 27130 -49.5 -86.5 1 37.0 -53.4 229 8 705.6 705.6 324.6 705.7 0.01 91 15 28325 -49.9 -85.9 1 36.0 -54.2 325 10 742.0 742.1 325.7 742.2 0.02 92 15 28325 -48.3 -86.3 0 38.0 -53.2 325 10 747.4 747.4 325.8 747.5 0.02 93 13 29271 -47.5 -85.5 1 38.0 -53.1 244 17 781.4 781.4 326.8 781.5 0.02 94 13 29271 -47.9 -85.9 0 38.0 -53.4 244 17 780.0 780.0 326.7 780.1 0.02 95 12 29802 -45.9 -84.9 0 39.0 -52.5 271 14 805.1 805.1 327.4 805.3 0.02 96 11 30385 -43.3 -83.3 0 40.0 -51.4 273 19 834.8 834.9 328.1 835.2 0.03 97 11 30385 -42.5 -82.5 0 40.0 -51.0 273 19 837.8 837.8 328.1 838.1 0.04 98 10 31030 -42.5 -82.5 0 40.0 -51.5 295 21 860.9 860.9 328.7 861.3 0.04 99 9.7 31236 -43.1 -83.1 0 40.0 -51.9 866.2 866.2 328.7 866.6 0.04 100 8.2 32370 -41.9 -82.9 0 41.0 -52.1 913.5 913.6 329.7 914.1 0.05 TRP 192 12275 -61.7 -72.7 22 11.0 -61.8 245 101 339.0 339.0 294.1 339.0 0.01 WND 252 10548 -49.2 -65.1 14 15.9 -49.6 245 111 332.2 332.2 292.3 332.3 0.02 Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5626.00 m Freezing level: 694.65 mb = 3150.43 m = 10335.94 ft Wetbulb zero: 753.78 mb = 2486.72 m = 8158.43 ft Precipitable water: 0.35 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 28.16 % Est. max temperature: 23.39 C = 74.11 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 592.72 mb = 4398.33 m = 14430.03 ft T: -8.11 C 700-500 lapse rate: 6.62 C/km ThetaE index: 3.78 C Layer 925.0- 750.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 533.75 mb = 5205.57 m = 17078.43 ft Mean mixing ratio: 2.61 g/kg Conv temperature: 31.25 C = 88.24 F Cap Strength: 4.71 C Lifted Index: 4.84 C Risk: None Lifted Index @300 mb: 13.13 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 0.03 C Showalter Index: 5.02 C Risk: None Total Totals Index: 41.80 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 32.90 C Cross Totals Index: 8.90 C K Index: 15.10 Risk: < 20 % chance of thunderstorms Sweat Index: 80.00 Risk: None Energy Index: 0.96 Risk: None Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 2.46 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 2.22 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 51435.18 J/kg Cap Strength: 4.73 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 595.59 mb = 4360.55 m = 14306.08 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): -1.00 mb = -9999.00 m = -9999.00 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 267 at 26 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 926 751 350 10 1.7 -9.8 | 65 26 -23.8 -11.0 1 925 759 330 6 3.0 -5.2 | 74 23 -22.5 -6.3 2 908 914 305 9 7.4 -5.2 | 71 19 -18.1 -6.3 3 877 1219 280 11 10.8 -1.9 | 78 15 -14.7 -3.0 4 850 1485 255 9 8.7 2.3 | 94 17 -16.8 1.2 5 846 1524 265 10 10.0 0.9 | 89 16 -15.5 -0.3 6 815 1829 250 6 5.6 2.1 | 93 20 -19.9 0.9 7 786 2134 265 12 12.0 1.0 | 90 14 -13.6 -0.1 8 757 2438 250 9 8.5 3.1 | 96 17 -17.0 1.9 9 730 2743 235 11 9.0 6.3 | 107 17 -16.5 5.2 10 703 3048 230 12 9.2 7.7 | 112 18 -16.3 6.6 11 700 3088 240 15 13.0 7.5 | 117 14 -12.5 6.4 12 677 3353 245 17 15.4 7.2 | 121 12 -10.1 6.0 13 650 3658 225 23 16.3 16.3 | 149 18 -9.2 15.1 14 601 4267 235 36 29.5 20.6 | 192 20 4.0 19.5 15 578 4572 250 39 36.6 13.3 | 222 17 11.1 12.2 16 556 4877 250 46 43.2 15.7 | 231 23 17.7 14.6 17 500 5700 230 62 47.5 39.9 | 210 45 22.0 38.7 18 474 6096 230 68 52.1 43.7 | 212 50 26.6 42.6 19 455 6401 230 84 64.3 54.0 | 216 66 38.8 52.9 20 400 7350 235 93 76.2 53.3 | 224 73 50.7 52.2 21 385 7620 235 96 78.6 55.1 | 225 76 53.1 53.9 22 369 7925 235 100 81.9 57.4 | 225 80 56.4 56.2 23 310 9144 240 100 86.6 50.0 | 231 78 61.1 48.9 24 300 9380 235 102 83.6 58.5 | 225 82 58.0 57.4 25 252 10548 245 111 100.6 46.9 | 239 88 75.1 45.8 26 250 10600 240 111 96.1 55.5 | 232 89 70.6 54.4 27 247 10668 245 111 100.6 46.9 | 239 88 75.1 45.8 28 200 12020 240 100 86.6 50.0 | 231 78 61.1 48.9 29 192 12275 245 101 91.5 42.7 | 238 78 66.0 41.5 30 185 12497 245 101 91.5 42.7 | 238 78 66.0 41.5 31 168 13106 245 85 77.0 35.9 | 236 62 51.5 34.8 32 153 13716 240 61 52.8 30.5 | 223 40 27.3 29.4 33 150 13830 235 60 49.1 34.4 | 215 41 23.6 33.3 34 146 14021 235 60 49.1 34.4 | 215 41 23.6 33.3 35 126 14935 245 56 50.8 23.7 | 228 34 25.2 22.5 36 120 15240 240 53 45.9 26.5 | 219 33 20.4 25.4 37 109 15850 235 46 37.7 26.4 | 206 28 12.2 25.2 38 104 16154 215 47 27.0 38.5 | 182 37 1.5 37.4 39 100 16370 220 57 36.6 43.7 | 195 44 11.1 42.5 40 94 16764 220 64 41.1 49.0 | 198 50 15.6 47.9 41 85 17374 230 48 36.8 30.9 | 201 32 11.3 29.7 42 81 17678 220 18 11.6 13.8 | 132 19 -13.9 12.7 43 77 17983 210 10 5.0 8.7 | 110 22 -20.5 7.5 44 73 18288 40 10 -6.4 -7.7 | 75 33 -31.9 -8.8 45 70 18580 245 1 0.9 0.4 | 88 25 -24.6 -0.7 46 66 18898 0 0 -0.0 -0.0 | 87 26 -25.5 -1.1 47 63 19202 235 10 8.2 5.7 | 105 18 -17.3 4.6 48 60 19507 205 14 5.9 12.7 | 121 23 -19.6 11.6 49 57 19812 190 19 3.3 18.7 | 128 28 -22.2 17.6 50 54 20117 250 10 9.4 3.4 | 98 16 -16.1 2.3 51 50 20630 230 19 14.6 12.2 | 135 16 -10.9 11.1 52 49 20726 170 10 -1.7 9.8 | 108 29 -27.2 8.7 53 47 21031 240 20 17.3 10.0 | 137 12 -8.2 8.9 54 45 21336 305 17 13.9 -9.8 | 47 16 -11.6 -10.9 55 43 21641 25 13 -5.5 -11.8 | 67 34 -31.0 -12.9 56 39 22250 350 10 1.7 -9.8 | 65 26 -23.8 -11.0 57 35 22860 85 11 -11.0 -1.0 | 87 37 -36.5 -2.1 58 30 23774 75 10 -9.7 -2.6 | 84 35 -35.2 -3.7 59 30 23840 115 15 -13.6 6.3 | 98 39 -39.1 5.2 60 29 24079 110 16 -15.0 5.5 | 96 41 -40.5 4.3 61 28 24384 125 13 -10.6 7.5 | 100 37 -36.2 6.3 62 25 24994 50 10 -7.7 -6.4 | 77 34 -33.2 -7.6 63 23 25603 95 10 -10.0 0.9 | 90 35 -35.5 -0.3 64 22 25908 120 10 -8.7 5.0 | 96 34 -34.2 3.9 65 20 26440 180 5 0.0 5.0 | 99 26 -25.5 3.9 66 17 27432 250 9 8.5 3.1 | 96 17 -17.0 1.9 67 16 28042 300 10 8.7 -5.0 | 70 18 -16.8 -6.1 68 15 28346 325 10 5.7 -8.2 | 65 22 -19.8 -9.3 69 14 28651 275 12 12.0 -1.0 | 81 14 -13.6 -2.2 70 13 29261 240 17 14.7 8.5 | 124 13 -10.8 7.4 71 12 29566 275 20 19.9 -1.7 | 63 6 -5.6 -2.9 72 12 29870 270 13 13.0 -0.0 | 85 13 -12.5 -1.1 73 11 30175 265 18 17.9 1.6 | 93 8 -7.6 0.4 74 10 31030 295 21 19.0 -8.9 | 33 12 -6.5 -10.0 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 237.4 at 34.0 knts Storm direction: 267.4 at 25.5 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 1.6 neg: 4.6 tot: 6.2 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 90.2 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 115.7 neg: -7.2 tot: 108.5 m^2/s^2 ave: 36.2 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.48 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 9.0 stream: 4.3 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.00 Bulk Rich Number: 0.02 Bulk Shear: 122.36 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 297 9 73 18| 0.0 12.7 12.7| 27.8 -0.9 26.9 53.9 0.40| 13.3 5.3 1000 280 9 81 17| 0.0 6.6 6.6| 45.0 -4.4 40.6 40.6 0.41| 10.5 4.3 1500 273 9 84 16| 1.3 4.4 5.7| 48.7 -7.2 41.5 27.7 0.31| 9.7 3.0 2000 266 9 88 16| 1.0 4.2 5.2| 67.1 -7.2 59.9 29.9 0.38| 8.7 3.3 2500 258 10 94 16| 1.9 3.4 5.3| 81.0 -7.2 73.8 29.5 0.40| 8.3 3.3 3000 250 12 101 15| 1.6 4.6 6.2|115.7 -7.2 108.5 36.2 0.48| 9.0 4.3 4000 245 18 125 11| 4.1 3.5 7.5|226.6 -7.2 219.4 54.8 0.61| 10.1 6.2 5000 242 25 163 11| 3.3 5.5 8.8|231.3-112.5 118.8 23.8 0.35| 10.9 3.8 6000 237 34 191 17| 3.6 5.6 9.2|379.1-112.5 266.6 44.4 0.36| 11.3 4.0 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KTWC/skewt/KTWC.skewt.20250428.00.gif