UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025042312.upa.cvt Date: 1200Z 23 APR 25 Searching for KTOP... Searching the city database file for: KTOP ... Date:1200Z 23 APR 25 Station: KTOP WMO ident: 72456 Latitude: 39.07 Longitude: -95.62 Elevation: 270.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 1000 125 SFC 983 270 17.2 9.2 59 8.0 12.6 140 9 291.8 293.1 286.4 313.0 7.44 2 974 349 17.6 8.6 56 9.0 12.4 147 11 292.9 294.2 286.6 313.7 7.21 3 963 446 17.2 8.2 55 9.0 12.0 156 13 293.5 294.8 286.7 313.9 7.09 4 959 482 18.2 7.2 49 11.0 11.9 159 14 294.9 296.1 286.8 314.2 6.65 5 957 500 19.8 6.8 43 13.0 12.3 160 14 296.7 297.8 287.3 315.6 6.48 6 954 527 20.0 6.0 40 14.0 12.0 163 15 297.1 298.2 287.2 315.2 6.15 7 925 794 19.2 4.2 37 15.0 10.9 190 13 298.9 300.0 287.3 315.5 5.59 8 924 803 19.2 4.2 37 15.0 10.9 190 13 299.0 300.1 287.3 315.7 5.60 9 904 991 17.8 2.8 37 15.0 9.7 210 13 299.5 300.4 287.1 314.9 5.18 10 896 1067 18.6 1.6 32 17.0 9.5 225 11 301.1 301.9 287.2 315.5 4.79 11 883 1192 17.6 1.6 34 16.0 9.0 249 9 301.3 302.2 287.4 315.9 4.86 12 876 1260 17.8 0.8 32 17.0 8.8 262 8 302.2 303.0 287.5 316.2 4.63 13 850 1516 15.8 0.8 36 15.0 7.9 305 8 302.7 303.6 287.8 317.2 4.77 14 795 2079 10.4 1.4 54 9.0 5.6 275 17 302.8 303.8 288.3 318.9 5.33 15 772 2323 8.0 3.4 73 4.6 5.5 269 22 302.7 303.9 289.3 321.8 6.34 16 769 2355 7.8 4.0 77 3.8 5.7 268 23 302.9 304.1 289.6 322.8 6.64 17 725 2838 4.4 0.9 78 3.5 2.6 284 21 304.3 305.3 289.2 321.4 5.64 18 700 3123 1.6 -0.3 87 1.9 0.7 300 17 304.3 305.2 288.9 320.5 5.35 19 698 3146 1.4 -0.3 88 1.7 0.5 301 17 304.3 305.3 288.9 320.6 5.37 20 689 3250 0.6 -1.0 89 1.6 -0.2 306 15 304.5 305.5 288.8 320.2 5.16 21 679 3368 0.0 -2.7 82 2.7 -1.3 311 13 305.1 306.0 288.5 319.3 4.62 22 670 3474 -1.3 -2.8 90 1.5 -2.0 316 11 304.8 305.7 288.4 319.1 4.65 23 663 3558 -1.5 -4.4 81 2.9 -2.8 320 9 305.5 306.3 288.2 318.4 4.16 24 646 3764 -3.5 -4.5 93 1.0 -4.0 335 7 305.5 306.3 288.3 318.6 4.24 25 644 3789 -3.9 -5.0 92 1.1 -4.4 338 7 305.4 306.1 288.1 318.0 4.09 26 642 3813 -3.9 -5.4 89 1.5 -4.6 341 7 305.6 306.4 288.1 317.9 3.98 27 639 3850 -3.9 -7.7 75 3.8 -5.5 345 7 306.0 306.7 287.6 316.5 3.35 28 604 4292 -7.7 -11.2 76 3.5 -9.0 35 8 306.6 307.1 287.1 315.1 2.69 29 592 4448 -9.1 -11.2 85 2.1 -9.9 40 10 306.8 307.3 287.2 315.4 2.74 30 579 4619 -10.3 -12.6 83 2.3 -11.1 43 11 307.3 307.8 287.2 315.3 2.51 31 578 4633 -10.3 -13.5 77 3.2 -11.4 42 10 307.5 307.9 287.1 314.9 2.33 32 577 4646 -9.9 -17.9 52 8.0 -12.3 41 10 308.1 308.4 286.5 313.3 1.62 33 576 4659 -9.9 -17.9 52 8.0 -12.3 41 10 308.2 308.5 286.6 313.5 1.62 34 572 4713 -9.3 -28.3 20 19.0 -13.6 37 9 309.6 309.7 285.9 311.8 0.65 35 569 4754 -9.9 -29.9 18 20.0 -14.2 34 8 309.3 309.4 285.8 311.2 0.56 36 552 4987 -11.7 -26.7 28 15.0 -15.2 13 8 309.9 310.0 286.2 312.5 0.78 37 545 5085 -12.5 -29.5 23 17.0 -16.1 360 9 310.1 310.2 286.1 312.2 0.61 38 542 5127 -11.9 -35.9 12 24.0 -16.2 354 10 311.3 311.3 286.2 312.4 0.33 39 536 5212 -12.3 -38.3 9 26.0 -16.7 344 11 311.8 311.8 286.3 312.7 0.26 40 509 5605 -15.3 -36.3 15 21.0 -18.8 319 15 312.8 312.8 286.7 314.0 0.34 41 500 5740 -16.7 -37.7 14 21.0 -20.0 310 16 312.7 312.7 286.6 313.7 0.30 42 460 6358 -21.3 -55.3 3 34.0 -24.3 324 18 314.5 314.5 286.9 314.7 0.05 43 436 6750 -24.5 -57.5 3 33.0 -26.9 329 17 315.3 315.3 287.2 315.4 0.04 44 422 6986 -25.9 -58.9 3 33.0 -28.2 326 18 316.4 316.5 287.6 316.6 0.03 45 400 7370 -29.1 -58.1 4 29.0 -30.9 280 17 317.2 317.2 287.9 317.3 0.04 46 390 7551 -30.7 -55.7 7 25.0 -32.3 276 17 317.4 317.4 287.9 317.6 0.05 47 378 7773 -31.7 -50.7 14 19.0 -33.1 275 19 318.9 318.9 288.5 319.3 0.10 48 362 8079 -33.9 -57.9 7 24.0 -35.2 275 23 319.9 319.9 288.8 320.1 0.04 49 350 8315 -35.9 -52.9 16 17.0 -36.9 275 25 320.3 320.3 288.9 320.6 0.08 50 347 8375 -36.5 -49.5 25 13.0 -37.4 275 26 320.3 320.3 289.0 320.8 0.12 51 338 8557 -38.1 -51.1 24 13.0 -38.8 275 28 320.5 320.6 289.0 320.9 0.10 52 316 9018 -42.3 -52.3 33 10.0 -42.8 275 34 320.9 321.0 289.2 321.3 0.10 53 314 9061 -42.5 -53.5 29 11.0 -43.0 275 35 321.2 321.3 289.2 321.6 0.08 54 312 9104 -42.1 -61.1 11 19.0 -42.8 275 35 322.4 322.4 289.5 322.5 0.03 55 311 9126 -41.7 -59.7 12 18.0 -42.4 275 36 323.2 323.2 289.8 323.4 0.04 56 300 9370 -43.1 -60.1 14 17.0 -43.7 270 45 324.6 324.6 290.2 324.8 0.04 57 250 10570 -52.1 -60.1 38 8.0 -52.3 260 69 328.6 328.6 291.4 328.8 0.05 58 200 11970 -64.3 -69.3 50 5.0 -64.3 255 93 330.9 330.9 292.0 331.0 0.02 59 195 12126 -65.2 -70.1 51 4.9 -65.3 255 98 331.9 331.9 292.2 331.9 0.02 60 176 12748 -68.9 -73.2 54 4.3 -68.9 265 77 335.7 335.7 293.3 335.7 0.01 61 150 13730 -60.1 -85.1 2 25.0 -60.3 280 59 366.5 366.5 299.9 366.5 0.00 62 100 16270 -60.9 -86.9 2 26.0 -61.2 245 36 410.1 410.1 306.5 410.1 0.00 63 98 16396 -61.7 -87.7 2 26.0 -61.9 245 36 410.9 410.9 306.6 410.9 0.00 64 87 17137 -60.1 -88.1 1 28.0 -60.4 254 41 428.3 428.3 308.7 428.3 0.00 65 73 18227 -62.7 -88.7 2 26.0 -63.0 280 37 444.9 444.9 310.4 444.9 0.00 66 70 18490 -55.5 -86.5 1 31.0 -56.2 300 29 465.7 465.7 312.3 465.7 0.00 67 58 19669 -63.5 -88.5 2 25.0 -63.8 255 28 473.3 473.3 312.9 473.3 0.00 68 57 19776 -63.5 -89.5 2 26.0 -63.8 251 29 475.7 475.7 313.1 475.7 0.00 69 56 19885 -61.3 -88.3 2 27.0 -61.7 252 28 483.1 483.1 313.7 483.1 0.00 70 53 20226 -63.1 -89.1 2 26.0 -63.5 264 22 486.6 486.6 314.0 486.6 0.00 71 50 20590 -57.5 -87.5 1 30.0 -58.3 335 13 508.0 508.0 315.5 508.0 0.00 72 49 20718 -57.1 -87.1 1 30.0 -57.9 338 13 511.9 511.9 315.8 511.9 0.00 73 47 20980 -58.9 -87.9 1 29.0 -59.6 344 12 513.7 513.7 315.9 513.7 0.00 74 44 21396 -56.5 -86.5 1 30.0 -57.5 213 4 529.3 529.3 316.9 529.4 0.01 75 42 21690 -57.9 -86.9 1 29.0 -58.7 265 11 533.0 533.0 317.1 533.0 0.00 76 38 22322 -56.3 -87.3 1 31.0 -57.4 3 11 552.5 552.5 318.2 552.5 0.01 77 32 23405 -59.5 -88.5 1 29.0 -60.4 76 9 571.8 571.8 319.2 571.8 0.00 78 30 23810 -57.9 -87.9 1 30.0 -59.0 360 6 586.8 586.8 320.0 586.8 0.01 79 27 24475 -56.3 -87.3 1 31.0 -57.8 353 16 609.2 609.2 321.0 609.3 0.01 80 25 24962 -56.9 -87.9 1 31.0 -58.4 28 11 621.1 621.1 321.5 621.1 0.01 81 23 25493 -53.9 -85.9 1 32.0 -56.1 18 10 644.9 644.9 322.5 645.0 0.01 82 20 26390 -53.1 -85.1 1 32.0 -55.8 115 6 673.6 673.6 323.6 673.7 0.01 83 18 27070 -53.5 -85.5 1 32.0 -56.3 68 10 693.0 693.0 324.2 693.1 0.01 84 16 27837 -49.3 -84.3 1 35.0 -53.6 161 10 730.4 730.4 325.4 730.6 0.02 85 15 28259 -50.3 -84.3 1 34.0 -54.4 167 12 740.7 740.7 325.7 740.9 0.02 86 12 29724 -48.5 -83.5 1 35.0 -54.0 52 15 795.9 795.9 327.1 796.2 0.03 87 11 30300 -46.9 -83.9 1 37.0 -53.4 81 15 821.8 821.8 327.8 822.1 0.03 88 10 30940 -41.1 -81.1 1 40.0 -50.8 110 12 866.1 866.2 328.7 866.7 0.06 89 9.9 31008 -40.3 -81.3 0 41.0 -50.5 871.6 871.6 328.8 872.2 0.05 90 9.5 31290 -40.3 -81.3 0 41.0 -50.7 882.0 882.0 329.1 882.5 0.06 91 8.1 32378 -40.1 -81.1 0 41.0 -51.4 923.9 923.9 329.9 924.6 0.07 92 7.7 32722 -41.5 -81.5 1 40.0 -52.2 931.7 931.8 330.0 932.5 0.07 93 7.5 32901 -39.9 -80.9 0 41.0 -51.7 945.3 945.3 330.2 946.1 0.08 TRP 176 12748 -68.9 -73.2 54 4.3 -68.9 265 77 335.7 335.7 293.3 335.7 0.01 WND 195 12126 -65.2 -70.1 51 4.9 -65.3 255 98 331.9 331.9 292.2 331.9 0.02 Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5615.00 m Freezing level: 679.00 mb = 3367.67 m = 11048.65 ft Wetbulb zero: 691.54 mb = 3220.87 m = 10567.02 ft Precipitable water: 0.84 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 54.33 % Est. max temperature: 28.10 C = 82.58 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 872.25 mb = 1296.13 m = 4252.33 ft T: 17.51 C 700-500 lapse rate: 6.99 C/km ThetaE index: 2.28 C Layer 725.0- 698.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 691.25 mb = 3224.19 m = 10577.92 ft Mean mixing ratio: 5.88 g/kg Conv temperature: 29.82 C = 85.68 F Cap Strength: 5.04 C Lifted Index: 2.56 C Risk: None Lifted Index @300 mb: 7.15 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 3.34 C Showalter Index: 1.30 C Risk: Showers probable Total Totals Index: 50.00 C Risk: Scattered heavy thunderstorms Vertical Totals Index: 32.50 C Cross Totals Index: 17.50 C K Index: 31.40 Risk: 60-80 % chance of thunderstorms Sweat Index: 61.60 Risk: None Energy Index: -0.63 Risk: Scattered severe thunderstorms Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 34.62 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 8.32 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 59410.97 J/kg Cap Strength: 5.04 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 760.66 mb = 2444.19 m = 8018.91 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): -1.00 mb = -9999.00 m = -9999.00 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 327 at 10 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 983 270 140 9 -5.8 6.9 | 144 19 -11.2 15.2 1 945 610 170 17 -3.0 16.7 | 162 26 -8.3 25.0 2 925 794 190 13 2.3 12.8 | 172 21 -3.1 21.1 3 912 914 195 14 3.6 13.5 | 175 22 -1.8 21.8 4 880 1219 255 8 7.7 2.1 | 193 11 2.3 10.3 5 850 1516 305 8 6.6 -4.6 | 198 4 1.2 3.7 6 849 1524 285 7 6.8 -1.8 | 192 7 1.4 6.5 7 818 1829 275 13 13.0 -1.1 | 227 10 7.6 7.1 8 789 2134 275 18 17.9 -1.6 | 242 14 12.5 6.7 9 760 2438 265 25 24.9 2.2 | 242 22 19.5 10.4 10 733 2743 280 22 21.7 -3.8 | 255 17 16.3 4.4 11 706 3048 295 18 16.3 -7.6 | 267 11 10.9 0.7 12 700 3123 300 17 14.7 -8.5 | 271 9 9.3 -0.2 13 654 3658 325 7 4.0 -5.7 | 151 3 -1.4 2.5 14 604 4267 35 8 -4.6 -6.6 | 100 10 -10.0 1.7 15 581 4572 45 11 -7.8 -7.8 | 92 13 -13.2 0.5 16 559 4877 25 6 -2.5 -5.4 | 110 8 -7.9 2.8 17 537 5182 345 11 2.8 -10.6 | 47 3 -2.5 -2.4 18 500 5740 310 16 12.3 -10.3 | 286 7 6.9 -2.0 19 497 5791 310 14 10.7 -9.0 | 278 5 5.3 -0.7 20 476 6096 320 19 12.2 -14.6 | 313 9 6.8 -6.3 21 438 6706 330 17 8.5 -14.7 | 334 7 3.1 -6.5 22 420 7010 325 18 10.3 -14.7 | 323 8 4.9 -6.5 23 403 7315 295 13 11.8 -5.5 | 247 7 6.4 2.8 24 400 7370 280 17 16.7 -3.0 | 245 13 11.3 5.3 25 386 7620 275 17 16.9 -1.5 | 240 13 11.5 6.8 26 310 9144 275 36 35.9 -3.1 | 260 31 30.5 5.1 27 300 9370 270 45 45.0 -0.0 | 258 40 39.6 8.3 28 296 9449 275 44 43.8 -3.8 | 263 39 38.4 4.4 29 270 10058 265 49 48.8 4.3 | 254 45 43.4 12.5 30 250 10570 260 69 68.0 12.0 | 252 66 62.6 20.2 31 234 10973 255 77 74.4 19.9 | 248 75 69.0 28.2 32 200 11970 255 93 89.8 24.1 | 249 90 84.4 32.3 33 195 12126 255 98 94.7 25.4 | 249 95 89.3 33.6 34 193 12192 255 98 94.7 25.4 | 249 95 89.3 33.6 35 176 12748 265 77 76.7 6.7 | 258 73 71.3 15.0 36 174 12802 260 86 84.7 14.9 | 254 83 79.3 23.2 37 166 13106 270 66 66.0 -0.0 | 262 61 60.6 8.3 38 150 13716 280 63 62.0 -10.9 | 273 57 56.6 -2.7 39 150 13730 280 59 58.1 -10.2 | 272 53 52.7 -2.0 40 136 14326 290 60 56.4 -20.5 | 284 52 51.0 -12.3 41 118 15240 285 40 38.6 -10.4 | 274 33 33.2 -2.1 42 102 16154 265 25 24.9 2.2 | 242 22 19.5 10.4 43 100 16270 245 36 32.6 15.2 | 229 36 27.2 23.5 44 97 16459 245 36 32.6 15.2 | 229 36 27.2 23.5 45 92 16764 240 45 39.0 22.5 | 228 46 33.6 30.8 46 80 17678 275 34 33.9 -3.0 | 259 29 28.5 5.3 47 72 18288 280 37 36.4 -6.4 | 267 31 31.0 1.8 48 70 18490 300 29 25.1 -14.5 | 288 21 19.7 -6.2 49 69 18593 280 33 32.5 -5.7 | 265 27 27.1 2.5 50 66 18898 300 29 25.1 -14.5 | 288 21 19.7 -6.2 51 62 19202 295 22 19.9 -9.3 | 274 15 14.5 -1.0 52 59 19507 260 27 26.6 4.7 | 239 25 21.2 13.0 53 57 19812 250 29 27.3 9.9 | 230 28 21.9 18.2 54 51 20422 270 18 18.0 -0.0 | 237 15 12.6 8.3 55 50 20590 335 13 5.5 -11.8 | 358 4 0.1 -3.5 56 47 21031 345 12 3.1 -11.6 | 35 4 -2.3 -3.3 57 44 21336 200 2 0.7 1.9 | 155 11 -4.7 10.1 58 42 21641 265 11 11.0 1.0 | 211 11 5.6 9.2 59 40 21946 265 11 11.0 1.0 | 211 11 5.6 9.2 60 38 22250 355 10 0.9 -10.0 | 69 5 -4.5 -1.7 61 35 22860 65 16 -14.5 -6.8 | 94 20 -19.9 1.5 62 33 23165 120 10 -8.7 5.0 | 133 19 -14.1 13.3 63 30 23810 360 6 -0.0 -6.0 | 113 6 -5.4 2.3 64 29 24079 360 6 -0.0 -6.0 | 113 6 -5.4 2.3 65 27 24384 350 13 2.3 -12.8 | 35 6 -3.1 -4.5 66 26 24689 360 22 -0.0 -22.0 | 21 15 -5.4 -13.7 67 25 24994 30 10 -5.0 -8.7 | 88 10 -10.4 -0.4 68 24 25298 25 6 -2.5 -5.4 | 110 8 -7.9 2.8 69 23 25603 15 12 -3.1 -11.6 | 69 9 -8.5 -3.3 70 22 25908 75 14 -13.5 -3.6 | 104 19 -18.9 4.6 71 21 26213 85 10 -10.0 -0.9 | 116 17 -15.4 7.4 72 20 26390 115 6 -5.4 2.5 | 135 15 -10.8 10.8 73 18 27127 65 10 -9.1 -4.2 | 106 15 -14.5 4.0 74 17 27432 85 10 -10.0 -0.9 | 116 17 -15.4 7.4 75 16 27737 165 10 -2.6 9.7 | 156 20 -8.0 17.9 76 16 28042 155 10 -4.2 9.1 | 151 20 -9.6 17.3 77 15 28346 170 13 -2.3 12.8 | 160 22 -7.7 21.1 78 14 28651 270 2 2.0 -0.0 | 158 9 -3.4 8.3 79 12 29566 35 10 -5.7 -8.2 | 90 11 -11.1 0.1 80 12 29870 65 18 -16.3 -7.6 | 92 22 -21.7 0.7 81 11 30175 75 16 -15.5 -4.1 | 101 21 -20.8 4.1 82 10 30940 110 12 -11.3 4.1 | 127 21 -16.7 12.4 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 296.9 at 13.2 knts Storm direction: 326.9 at 9.9 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 3.2 neg: 1.6 tot: 4.8 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 129.2 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 160.9 neg: -0.8 tot: 160.1 m^2/s^2 ave: 53.4 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.47 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 12.6 stream: 5.9 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.03 Bulk Rich Number: 0.44 Bulk Shear: 78.97 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 166 14 158 23| 10.2 0.0 10.2| 67.4 0.0 67.4 134.8 0.71| 15.9 11.2 1000 185 13 168 21| 7.7 0.0 7.7|105.6 0.0 105.6 105.6 0.60| 16.0 9.7 1500 207 11 179 18| 6.7 0.0 6.7|113.6 -0.1 113.5 75.6 0.54| 14.4 7.7 2000 235 13 198 16| 5.0 2.4 7.4|126.6 -0.1 126.5 63.2 0.52| 13.3 6.9 2500 250 15 213 16| 4.4 1.9 6.4|149.0 -0.8 148.2 59.3 0.50| 12.8 6.4 3000 261 15 222 14| 3.2 1.6 4.8|160.9 -0.8 160.1 53.4 0.47| 12.6 5.9 4000 272 14 227 11| 2.2 1.2 3.4|162.2 -6.3 155.9 39.0 0.30| 11.7 3.5 5000 286 13 235 8| 1.7 1.9 3.6|169.9 -20.8 149.2 29.8 0.20| 11.2 2.2 6000 297 13 250 7| 1.8 2.2 4.0|179.4 -28.9 150.5 25.1 0.15| 10.6 1.6 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KTOP/skewt/KTOP.skewt.20250423.12.gif