UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025120912.upa.cvt Date: 1200Z 9 DEC 25 Searching for KRNK... Searching the city database file for: KRNK ... Date:1200Z 9 DEC 25 Station: KRNK WMO ident: 72318 Latitude: 37.20 Longitude: -80.42 Elevation: 654.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 1000 195 SFC 945 654 -4.9 -7.0 85 2.1 -5.6 100 4 272.6 273.0 270.7 279.2 2.39 2 932 756 -5.7 -7.9 84 2.2 -6.4 136 4 272.9 273.3 270.6 279.1 2.26 3 925 811 -5.9 -8.2 84 2.3 -6.6 155 4 273.3 273.6 270.8 279.4 2.22 4 915 896 -6.3 -7.9 88 1.6 -6.8 188 4 273.7 274.1 271.2 280.1 2.30 5 907 964 -6.3 -8.1 87 1.8 -6.9 205 5 274.4 274.8 271.6 280.8 2.28 6 898 1042 -6.1 -8.1 86 2.0 -6.7 220 7 275.4 275.8 272.2 281.8 2.31 7 880 1200 -7.1 -9.7 82 2.6 -7.9 251 10 276.0 276.3 272.2 281.8 2.08 8 854 1433 -9.3 -11.1 87 1.8 -9.8 251 12 276.0 276.4 272.0 281.4 1.91 9 850 1469 -9.7 -11.4 87 1.7 -10.2 250 12 276.0 276.3 271.9 281.3 1.88 10 835 1606 -10.3 -13.5 77 3.2 -11.2 264 13 276.8 277.0 271.9 281.4 1.61 11 815 1795 -4.5 -50.5 1 46.0 -10.2 295 15 284.8 284.8 274.0 285.0 0.05 12 814 1805 -4.5 -47.5 2 43.0 -10.1 296 15 284.9 284.9 274.1 285.2 0.06 13 801 1931 -4.9 -39.9 4 35.0 -10.3 298 15 285.8 285.9 274.7 286.3 0.15 14 787 2070 -5.5 -43.5 3 38.0 -10.9 296 15 286.6 286.6 275.1 287.0 0.10 15 751 2436 -7.1 -20.1 35 13.0 -10.4 295 20 288.8 288.9 277.6 291.9 1.03 16 700 2981 -10.3 -28.3 21 18.0 -13.8 300 18 291.1 291.2 278.0 292.8 0.53 17 682 3181 -11.5 -33.5 14 22.0 -15.2 293 22 291.9 292.0 278.2 293.0 0.33 18 669 3329 -10.5 -40.5 7 30.0 -14.8 291 27 294.6 294.7 279.2 295.2 0.17 19 658 3457 -10.5 -51.5 2 41.0 -15.2 292 30 296.0 296.1 279.7 296.2 0.05 20 650 3551 -10.3 -42.3 5 32.0 -14.8 293 32 297.3 297.3 280.4 297.8 0.14 21 585 4352 -17.1 -31.1 29 14.0 -19.4 284 43 298.5 298.6 281.4 300.1 0.49 22 557 4718 -19.7 -40.7 14 21.0 -22.2 281 49 299.6 299.7 281.4 300.3 0.20 23 545 4880 -21.3 -31.3 40 10.0 -22.8 280 52 299.6 299.7 281.9 301.3 0.51 24 534 5030 -22.7 -32.7 40 10.0 -24.1 278 51 299.7 299.8 281.8 301.2 0.46 25 518 5252 -24.3 -32.3 48 8.0 -25.4 276 51 300.4 300.4 282.2 302.0 0.49 26 511 5351 -24.7 -33.7 43 9.0 -25.9 278 55 301.0 301.1 282.4 302.5 0.43 27 501 5495 -24.5 -38.5 26 14.0 -26.1 280 61 303.0 303.0 283.0 303.9 0.27 28 500 5510 -24.5 -39.5 24 15.0 -26.2 280 61 303.2 303.2 283.0 304.0 0.25 29 469 5972 -27.1 -46.1 15 19.0 -28.7 292 67 305.5 305.6 283.8 306.0 0.13 30 448 6300 -27.7 -52.7 7 25.0 -29.5 292 76 308.8 308.8 284.9 309.1 0.06 31 438 6461 -29.1 -52.1 9 23.0 -30.7 290 79 309.0 309.1 285.1 309.3 0.07 32 400 7100 -34.9 -49.9 20 15.0 -35.8 295 76 309.6 309.6 285.3 310.0 0.10 33 392 7241 -36.1 -49.1 25 13.0 -36.9 295 75 309.9 309.9 285.4 310.3 0.11 34 385 7366 -37.1 -51.1 22 14.0 -37.8 296 76 310.1 310.2 285.5 310.5 0.09 35 360 7829 -40.7 -52.7 26 12.0 -41.2 299 84 311.3 311.3 285.9 311.6 0.08 36 348 8060 -42.3 -55.3 23 13.0 -42.8 298 86 312.2 312.2 286.2 312.4 0.06 37 333 8357 -44.9 -56.9 25 12.0 -45.3 296 89 312.6 312.6 286.3 312.8 0.05 38 300 9050 -49.3 -63.3 18 14.0 -49.6 295 85 315.9 315.9 287.4 316.0 0.03 39 298 9094 -49.7 -63.7 18 14.0 -50.0 295 85 315.9 315.9 287.4 316.0 0.02 40 266 9826 -55.1 -67.1 21 12.0 -55.3 284 87 318.4 318.5 288.2 318.5 0.02 41 260 9971 -55.5 -67.5 21 12.0 -55.6 281 91 319.9 319.9 288.8 320.0 0.02 42 255 10094 -55.3 -68.3 18 13.0 -55.5 280 94 322.0 322.0 289.4 322.1 0.02 43 250 10220 -55.3 -69.3 16 14.0 -55.5 280 96 323.9 323.9 289.9 323.9 0.01 44 238 10533 -56.7 -70.7 16 14.0 -56.9 280 106 326.3 326.3 290.7 326.4 0.01 45 235 10613 -56.7 -71.7 13 15.0 -56.9 280 105 327.5 327.5 291.0 327.6 0.01 46 220 11035 -53.1 -72.1 8 19.0 -53.4 274 105 339.3 339.3 294.1 339.3 0.01 47 213 11243 -53.5 -74.5 6 21.0 -53.8 271 108 341.8 341.8 294.8 341.9 0.01 48 203 11553 -51.5 -76.5 3 25.0 -51.9 275 108 349.7 349.7 296.5 349.7 0.01 49 200 11650 -51.7 -77.7 3 26.0 -52.1 275 109 350.9 350.9 296.8 350.9 0.00 50 199 11682 -51.7 -77.7 3 26.0 -52.1 275 109 351.4 351.4 297.0 351.4 0.00 51 191 11948 -52.1 -83.1 1 31.0 -52.5 275 106 354.9 354.9 297.7 354.9 0.00 52 173 12585 -54.5 -85.5 1 31.0 -54.8 265 94 361.1 361.1 298.9 361.1 0.00 53 172 12622 -54.7 -85.7 1 31.0 -55.1 265 95 361.4 361.4 299.0 361.4 0.00 54 167 12810 -55.3 -85.3 1 30.0 -55.6 265 97 363.5 363.5 299.4 363.5 0.00 55 164 12925 -55.7 -85.7 1 30.0 -56.0 267 102 364.7 364.7 299.6 364.7 0.00 56 150 13490 -58.1 -87.1 1 29.0 -58.3 265 108 370.0 370.0 300.5 370.0 0.00 57 146 13660 -59.1 -88.1 1 29.0 -59.3 261 107 371.1 371.1 300.8 371.1 0.00 58 137 14057 -60.7 -89.7 1 29.0 -60.9 260 108 375.1 375.1 301.5 375.1 0.00 59 136 14103 -60.7 -89.7 1 29.0 -60.9 260 110 375.9 375.9 301.6 375.9 0.00 60 135 14149 -60.7 -89.7 1 29.0 -60.9 260 112 376.6 376.6 301.7 376.6 0.00 61 100 16010 -61.9 -89.9 1 28.0 -62.1 265 82 408.1 408.1 306.3 408.1 0.00 62 91 16589 -63.9 -91.9 1 28.0 -64.1 262 79 415.3 415.3 307.2 415.3 0.00 63 87 16863 -64.3 -92.3 1 28.0 -64.5 265 78 419.9 419.9 307.7 419.9 0.00 64 85 17005 -64.5 -92.5 1 28.0 -64.7 265 77 422.3 422.3 308.0 422.3 0.00 65 84 17077 -64.5 -92.5 1 28.0 -64.7 265 77 423.7 423.7 308.2 423.7 0.00 66 82 17224 -63.7 -91.7 1 28.0 -63.9 264 76 428.3 428.3 308.6 428.3 0.00 67 80 17376 -63.1 -91.1 1 28.0 -63.3 262 75 432.6 432.6 309.1 432.6 0.00 68 73 17935 -64.9 -91.9 1 27.0 -65.1 260 81 440.2 440.2 309.9 440.2 0.00 69 71 18104 -65.5 -92.5 1 27.0 -65.7 266 77 442.5 442.5 310.1 442.5 0.00 70 70 18190 -65.3 -92.3 1 27.0 -65.5 270 74 444.7 444.7 310.3 444.7 0.00 71 67 18457 -64.3 -92.3 1 28.0 -64.6 268 71 452.5 452.5 311.1 452.5 0.00 72 64 18739 -62.7 -90.7 1 28.0 -63.0 265 63 461.9 461.9 312.0 461.9 0.00 73 62 18934 -63.1 -91.1 1 28.0 -63.4 261 58 465.3 465.3 312.3 465.3 0.00 74 60 19136 -62.9 -89.9 1 27.0 -63.3 264 62 470.1 470.1 312.7 470.1 0.00 75 57 19452 -63.9 -90.9 1 27.0 -64.2 269 61 474.8 474.8 313.0 474.8 0.00 76 57 19452 -64.1 -91.1 1 27.0 -64.4 269 61 474.3 474.3 313.0 474.3 0.00 77 53 19899 -62.7 -90.7 1 28.0 -63.1 259 50 487.5 487.5 314.0 487.5 0.00 78 50 20260 -60.3 -88.3 1 28.0 -60.9 275 50 501.4 501.4 315.1 501.4 0.00 79 46 20781 -58.9 -86.9 2 28.0 -59.6 268 48 516.9 516.9 316.1 516.9 0.00 80 38 21970 -61.9 -87.9 2 26.0 -62.5 264 38 538.2 538.2 317.4 538.3 0.00 81 37 22135 -62.3 -88.3 2 26.0 -62.9 259 35 541.3 541.3 317.6 541.4 0.00 82 33 22844 -60.7 -87.7 2 27.0 -61.5 265 34 563.6 563.6 318.8 563.6 0.01 83 30 23440 -58.1 -85.1 2 27.0 -59.2 275 39 586.2 586.3 320.0 586.3 0.01 84 29 23653 -58.1 -85.1 2 27.0 -59.3 273 40 592.0 592.0 320.2 592.0 0.01 85 27 24105 -56.3 -83.3 2 27.0 -57.8 264 43 609.2 609.2 321.0 609.3 0.01 86 23 25117 -58.7 -84.7 2 26.0 -60.0 265 38 630.8 630.8 321.9 630.9 0.01 87 23 25117 -58.7 -84.7 2 26.0 -60.0 265 38 630.8 630.8 321.9 630.9 0.01 88 20 26000 -55.9 -82.9 2 27.0 -57.9 270 33 665.1 665.1 323.3 665.2 0.02 89 19 26327 -55.7 -81.7 2 26.0 -57.8 277 42 675.5 675.5 323.6 675.7 0.03 90 19 26327 -55.7 -81.7 2 26.0 -57.8 277 42 675.5 675.5 323.6 675.7 0.03 91 17 27040 -52.9 -79.9 2 27.0 -55.9 268 35 706.3 706.3 324.6 706.7 0.04 92 16 27431 -52.1 -79.1 2 27.0 -55.5 271 37 721.3 721.3 325.1 721.7 0.05 93 16 27431 -52.3 -79.3 2 27.0 -55.6 271 37 720.6 720.7 325.1 721.0 0.05 TRP 238 10533 -56.7 -70.7 16 14.0 -56.9 280 106 326.3 326.3 290.7 326.4 0.01 WND 135 14149 -60.7 -89.7 1 29.0 -60.9 260 112 376.6 376.6 301.7 376.6 0.00 Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5315.00 m Freezing level: Surface below freezing Wetbulb zero: Below ground Precipitable water: 0.16 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 34.68 % Est. max temperature: 8.42 C = 47.16 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 914.02 mb = 904.29 m = 2966.80 ft T: -6.30 C 700-500 lapse rate: 5.61 C/km ThetaE index: 0.54 C Layer 880.0- 835.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 849.53 mb = 1473.25 m = 4833.45 ft Mean mixing ratio: 2.15 g/kg Conv temperature: -1.57 C = 29.17 F Cap Strength: 18.61 C Lifted Index: 18.72 C Risk: None Lifted Index @300 mb: 24.80 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 11.71 C Showalter Index: 18.43 C Risk: None Total Totals Index: 27.90 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 14.80 C Cross Totals Index: 13.10 C K Index: -14.60 Risk: None Sweat Index: 85.00 Risk: None Energy Index: 4.90 Risk: None Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 17.26 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 5.87 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 50847.15 J/kg Cap Strength: 18.13 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 864.43 mb = 1338.71 m = 4392.04 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): -1.00 mb = -9999.00 m = -9999.00 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 317 at 27 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 945 654 100 4 -3.9 0.7 | 132 31 -22.8 20.6 1 925 811 155 4 -1.7 3.6 | 139 31 -20.5 23.6 2 913 914 195 4 1.0 3.9 | 143 30 -17.8 23.8 3 878 1219 255 10 9.7 2.6 | 158 24 -9.2 22.5 4 850 1469 250 12 11.3 4.1 | 163 25 -7.5 24.1 5 844 1524 250 12 11.3 4.1 | 163 25 -7.5 24.1 6 812 1829 300 15 13.0 -7.5 | 155 14 -5.8 12.4 7 780 2134 295 15 13.6 -6.3 | 159 15 -5.2 13.6 8 751 2438 295 20 18.1 -8.5 | 177 12 -0.7 11.5 9 722 2743 305 20 16.4 -11.5 | 164 9 -2.4 8.5 10 700 2981 300 18 15.6 -9.0 | 164 11 -3.2 10.9 11 694 3048 295 18 16.3 -7.6 | 169 13 -2.5 12.3 12 666 3353 290 28 26.3 -9.6 | 216 13 7.5 10.4 13 640 3658 295 34 30.8 -14.4 | 245 13 12.0 5.6 14 614 3962 290 41 38.5 -14.0 | 253 21 19.7 5.9 15 590 4267 285 42 40.6 -10.9 | 247 24 21.8 9.1 16 544 4877 280 52 51.2 -9.0 | 251 34 32.4 10.9 17 522 5182 275 49 48.8 -4.3 | 242 34 30.0 15.7 18 502 5486 280 61 60.1 -10.6 | 257 42 41.3 9.4 19 500 5510 280 61 60.1 -10.6 | 257 42 41.3 9.4 20 461 6096 295 69 62.5 -29.2 | 282 45 43.7 -9.2 21 441 6401 290 80 75.2 -27.4 | 277 57 56.4 -7.4 22 423 6706 290 75 70.5 -25.7 | 276 52 51.7 -5.7 23 405 7010 295 77 69.8 -32.5 | 284 53 51.0 -12.6 24 400 7100 295 76 68.9 -32.1 | 284 52 50.1 -12.2 25 388 7315 295 75 68.0 -31.7 | 283 51 49.2 -11.7 26 370 7620 300 82 71.0 -41.0 | 292 56 52.2 -21.1 27 324 8534 295 91 82.5 -38.5 | 286 66 63.7 -18.5 28 309 8839 295 90 81.6 -38.0 | 286 65 62.8 -18.1 29 300 9050 295 85 77.0 -35.9 | 285 60 58.2 -16.0 30 296 9144 295 86 77.9 -36.3 | 286 61 59.1 -16.4 31 269 9754 285 85 82.1 -22.0 | 272 63 63.3 -2.1 32 256 10058 280 94 92.6 -16.3 | 267 74 73.8 3.6 33 250 10220 280 96 94.5 -16.7 | 268 76 75.7 3.3 34 244 10363 280 99 97.5 -17.2 | 268 79 78.7 2.8 35 238 10533 280 106 104.4 -18.4 | 269 86 85.6 1.5 36 233 10668 280 105 103.4 -18.2 | 269 85 84.6 1.7 37 222 10973 275 104 103.6 -9.1 | 263 85 84.8 10.9 38 212 11278 270 108 108.0 -0.0 | 257 91 89.2 19.9 39 202 11582 275 108 107.6 -9.4 | 263 89 88.8 10.5 40 200 11650 275 109 108.6 -9.5 | 263 90 89.8 10.4 41 193 11887 275 107 106.6 -9.3 | 263 88 87.8 10.6 42 184 12192 275 101 100.6 -8.8 | 262 83 81.8 11.1 43 175 12497 265 93 92.6 8.1 | 249 79 73.8 28.1 44 167 12802 265 97 96.6 8.5 | 250 83 77.8 28.4 45 159 13106 270 110 110.0 -0.0 | 258 93 91.2 19.9 46 152 13411 260 100 98.5 17.4 | 245 88 79.7 37.3 47 150 13490 265 108 107.6 9.4 | 252 94 88.8 29.4 48 145 13716 260 106 104.4 18.4 | 246 94 85.6 38.4 49 138 14021 260 106 104.4 18.4 | 246 94 85.6 38.4 50 135 14149 260 112 110.3 19.4 | 247 100 91.5 39.4 51 131 14326 260 112 110.3 19.4 | 247 100 91.5 39.4 52 125 14630 265 103 102.6 9.0 | 251 89 83.8 28.9 53 119 14935 260 104 102.4 18.1 | 246 92 83.6 38.0 54 113 15240 265 100 99.6 8.7 | 250 86 80.8 28.7 55 108 15545 260 95 93.6 16.5 | 244 83 74.7 36.4 56 103 15850 260 97 95.5 16.8 | 244 85 76.7 36.8 57 100 16010 265 82 81.7 7.1 | 247 68 62.9 27.1 58 98 16154 265 91 90.7 7.9 | 249 77 71.8 27.9 59 93 16459 260 80 78.8 13.9 | 241 69 60.0 33.8 60 88 16764 265 78 77.7 6.8 | 246 65 58.9 26.7 61 84 17069 265 77 76.7 6.7 | 245 64 57.9 26.7 62 76 17678 260 74 72.9 12.8 | 239 63 54.1 32.8 63 72 17983 260 82 80.8 14.2 | 241 71 61.9 34.2 64 70 18190 270 74 74.0 -0.0 | 250 59 55.2 19.9 65 69 18288 265 76 75.7 6.6 | 245 63 56.9 26.6 66 66 18593 270 68 68.0 -0.0 | 248 53 49.2 19.9 67 62 18898 260 57 56.1 9.9 | 231 48 37.3 29.8 68 59 19202 265 63 62.8 5.5 | 240 51 43.9 25.4 69 57 19507 270 61 61.0 -0.0 | 245 47 42.2 19.9 70 54 19812 255 49 47.3 12.7 | 221 43 28.5 32.6 71 51 20117 270 53 53.0 -0.0 | 240 40 34.2 19.9 72 50 20260 275 50 49.8 -4.4 | 243 35 31.0 15.6 73 49 20422 280 52 51.2 -9.0 | 251 34 32.4 10.9 74 44 21031 260 45 44.3 7.8 | 223 38 25.5 27.8 75 42 21336 265 46 45.8 4.0 | 228 36 27.0 24.0 76 38 21946 265 38 37.9 3.3 | 219 30 19.0 23.3 77 36 22250 255 33 31.9 8.5 | 205 31 13.1 28.5 78 35 22555 255 44 42.5 11.4 | 217 39 23.7 31.3 79 33 22860 265 34 33.9 3.0 | 213 27 15.1 22.9 80 31 23165 260 38 37.4 6.6 | 215 32 18.6 26.5 81 30 23440 275 39 38.9 -3.4 | 230 26 20.0 16.5 82 30 23470 270 45 45.0 -0.0 | 233 33 26.2 19.9 83 28 23774 275 36 35.9 -3.1 | 225 24 17.0 16.8 84 27 24079 265 44 43.8 3.8 | 226 35 25.0 23.8 85 26 24384 250 35 32.9 12.0 | 204 35 14.1 31.9 86 25 24689 240 33 28.6 16.5 | 195 38 9.8 36.4 87 23 24994 255 36 34.8 9.3 | 209 33 16.0 29.3 88 22 25298 280 40 39.4 -6.9 | 238 24 20.6 13.0 89 21 25603 260 37 36.4 6.4 | 214 32 17.6 26.4 90 20 26000 270 33 33.0 -0.0 | 215 24 14.2 19.9 91 19 26213 280 46 45.3 -8.0 | 246 29 26.5 12.0 92 17 26518 265 33 32.9 2.9 | 212 27 14.1 22.8 93 15 26822 280 42 41.4 -7.3 | 241 26 22.5 12.7 94 13 27127 285 35 33.8 -9.1 | 234 19 15.0 10.9 95 12 27432 280 36 35.5 -6.3 | 231 22 16.6 13.7 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 286.7 at 36.6 knts Storm direction: 316.7 at 27.4 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 6.2 neg: 0.6 tot: 6.8 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 112.5 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 191.6 neg: -16.5 tot: 175.2 m^2/s^2 ave: 58.4 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.56 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 10.2 stream: 5.7 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.01 Bulk Rich Number: 0.10 Bulk Shear: 179.43 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 198 5 145 30| 12.5 0.0 12.5| 94.0 0.0 94.0 187.9 0.89| 13.8 12.3 1000 243 8 154 26| 8.9 0.0 8.9|119.6 0.0 119.6 119.6 0.70| 11.6 8.2 1500 270 10 157 22| 6.6 0.0 6.6|123.9 -10.8 113.1 75.4 0.47| 10.7 5.0 2000 281 12 159 19| 6.1 0.0 6.1|136.1 -14.5 121.6 60.8 0.44| 9.8 4.3 2500 287 14 160 17| 4.9 0.7 5.6|149.7 -16.5 133.2 53.3 0.44| 9.5 4.2 3000 289 16 167 15| 6.2 0.6 6.8|191.6 -16.5 175.2 58.4 0.56| 10.2 5.7 4000 288 23 192 13| 4.7 2.6 7.3|211.5 -28.9 182.6 45.6 0.45| 10.0 4.5 5000 285 29 216 16| 5.3 2.5 7.8|357.8 -72.1 285.7 57.1 0.43| 10.6 4.5 6000 287 37 240 19| 5.4 2.7 8.1|514.4-130.0 384.4 64.1 0.41| 11.3 4.6 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KRNK/skewt/KRNK.skewt.20251209.12.gif