UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025042800.upa.cvt Date: 0000Z 28 APR 25 Searching for KMFR... Searching the city database file for: KMFR ... Date:0000Z 28 APR 25 Station: KMFR WMO ident: 72597 Latitude: 42.37 Longitude: -122.87 Elevation: 405.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 1000 154 SFC 971 405 14.4 3.4 48 11.0 8.7 20 4 290.0 290.9 283.2 304.4 5.03 2 962 483 12.6 1.6 47 11.0 7.2 5 4 288.9 289.7 282.1 301.7 4.46 3 925 807 9.4 1.4 57 8.0 5.5 330 7 288.9 289.7 282.2 302.0 4.57 4 924 816 9.4 1.4 57 8.0 5.5 328 7 289.0 289.8 282.3 302.2 4.58 5 850 1501 2.6 0.4 85 2.2 1.6 295 9 288.9 289.7 282.3 302.1 4.63 6 829 1702 0.8 0.2 96 0.6 0.5 304 9 289.0 289.9 282.4 302.5 4.68 7 825 1741 0.4 -0.4 94 0.8 0.0 306 9 289.0 289.8 282.1 302.0 4.50 8 814 1849 0.4 -2.9 78 3.3 -1.0 313 10 290.1 290.8 281.8 301.1 3.79 9 812 1869 0.6 -4.3 70 4.9 -1.4 315 10 290.6 291.2 281.5 300.6 3.42 10 809 1898 2.8 -14.2 27 17.0 -2.9 319 11 293.2 293.5 280.4 298.0 1.57 11 808 1908 3.2 -15.8 23 19.0 -3.0 320 11 293.7 294.0 280.4 298.0 1.38 12 799 1999 3.8 -26.2 9 30.0 -4.0 332 14 295.3 295.4 280.1 297.1 0.56 13 736 2661 -0.3 -22.3 17 22.0 -6.4 360 21 297.8 298.0 281.6 300.6 0.87 14 730 2726 -0.7 -18.7 24 18.0 -6.1 360 20 298.1 298.3 282.1 301.9 1.20 15 700 3060 -2.5 -20.5 24 18.0 -7.7 350 16 299.7 299.9 282.7 303.1 1.07 16 680 3289 -4.1 -21.1 25 17.0 -8.8 350 19 300.4 300.6 282.9 303.8 1.04 17 659 3536 -5.3 -21.3 27 16.0 -9.7 350 23 301.8 302.0 283.5 305.2 1.06 18 638 3790 -7.1 -26.1 20 19.0 -11.6 356 24 302.5 302.7 283.4 304.9 0.71 19 619 4025 -8.7 -41.7 5 33.0 -13.9 4 23 303.3 303.4 283.0 303.9 0.16 20 606 4190 -9.3 -32.3 14 23.0 -13.9 358 25 304.5 304.6 283.8 305.9 0.42 21 603 4228 -9.5 -25.5 26 16.0 -13.3 357 25 304.7 304.8 284.3 307.3 0.80 22 592 4370 -10.7 -24.7 31 14.0 -14.0 356 25 304.9 305.1 284.5 307.8 0.87 23 577 4567 -11.7 -30.7 19 19.0 -15.5 360 23 306.0 306.1 284.5 307.7 0.51 24 564 4742 -12.7 -34.7 14 22.0 -16.6 2 21 306.8 306.9 284.6 308.0 0.36 25 542 5044 -15.1 -38.1 12 23.0 -18.7 10 21 307.5 307.5 284.7 308.4 0.26 26 500 5650 -18.9 -33.9 25 15.0 -21.4 5 28 310.0 310.1 285.9 311.5 0.43 27 470 6106 -22.3 -36.3 27 14.0 -24.3 355 32 311.3 311.4 286.2 312.6 0.36 28 460 6264 -22.9 -36.9 27 14.0 -24.9 357 35 312.5 312.5 286.6 313.7 0.35 29 458 6296 -22.9 -36.9 27 14.0 -24.9 357 36 312.9 312.9 286.8 314.1 0.35 30 426 6821 -27.1 -36.1 42 9.0 -28.3 3 45 314.1 314.1 287.2 315.5 0.41 31 415 7008 -28.5 -38.5 38 10.0 -29.7 5 49 314.6 314.7 287.3 315.8 0.33 32 409 7112 -29.5 -35.5 56 6.0 -30.3 5 48 314.6 314.7 287.5 316.2 0.45 33 400 7270 -30.9 -37.9 50 7.0 -31.7 5 47 314.8 314.9 287.5 316.1 0.36 34 397 7323 -31.3 -38.3 50 7.0 -32.1 5 47 315.0 315.1 287.5 316.3 0.35 35 377 7687 -34.7 -39.7 60 5.0 -35.2 5 44 315.2 315.2 287.5 316.3 0.32 36 366 7894 -36.5 -41.5 60 5.0 -36.9 4 45 315.5 315.5 287.6 316.5 0.27 37 356 8085 -38.1 -48.1 34 10.0 -38.7 4 46 315.8 315.9 287.5 316.3 0.14 38 351 8183 -39.1 -48.1 38 9.0 -39.6 3 46 315.8 315.8 287.5 316.3 0.14 39 346 8281 -39.9 -50.9 30 11.0 -40.5 3 47 316.0 316.0 287.5 316.4 0.10 40 342 8360 -40.5 -50.5 33 10.0 -41.0 3 47 316.2 316.2 287.6 316.6 0.11 41 338 8440 -40.9 -61.9 9 21.0 -41.6 2 47 316.7 316.7 287.7 316.8 0.03 42 301 9218 -47.9 -62.9 16 15.0 -48.3 360 51 317.5 317.5 288.0 317.6 0.03 43 300 9240 -47.9 -62.9 16 15.0 -48.3 360 51 317.8 317.8 288.1 317.9 0.03 44 282 9644 -50.5 -64.5 18 14.0 -50.8 360 58 319.8 319.8 288.7 319.9 0.02 45 276 9784 -51.7 -63.7 22 12.0 -52.0 360 61 320.0 320.0 288.8 320.1 0.03 46 263 10095 -52.5 -70.5 10 18.0 -52.8 360 67 323.3 323.3 289.8 323.3 0.01 47 262 10119 -52.7 -70.5 10 17.8 -52.9 360 67 323.4 323.4 289.8 323.5 0.01 48 250 10420 -54.5 -70.5 12 16.0 -54.7 5 63 325.0 325.0 290.3 325.1 0.01 49 244 10575 -55.1 -70.1 14 15.0 -55.3 2 64 326.4 326.4 290.7 326.5 0.01 50 242 10627 -54.7 -70.7 12 16.0 -54.9 0 65 327.8 327.8 291.1 327.8 0.01 51 233 10868 -56.5 -71.5 13 15.0 -56.7 355 67 328.6 328.6 291.3 328.7 0.01 52 224 11118 -55.1 -75.1 7 20.0 -55.4 355 66 334.5 334.5 292.9 334.5 0.01 53 200 11840 -54.9 -80.9 3 26.0 -55.2 355 45 345.8 345.8 295.7 345.8 0.00 54 197 11937 -54.3 -82.3 2 28.0 -54.6 354 45 348.3 348.3 296.3 348.3 0.00 55 190 12169 -55.1 -81.1 3 26.0 -55.4 350 44 350.6 350.6 296.8 350.6 0.00 56 175 12697 -53.3 -82.3 2 29.0 -53.7 347 37 361.9 361.9 299.1 361.9 0.00 57 150 13680 -57.9 -85.9 2 28.0 -58.2 340 25 370.3 370.3 300.6 370.3 0.00 58 148 13765 -58.1 -86.1 2 28.0 -58.3 352 23 371.4 371.4 300.8 371.4 0.00 59 127 14737 -55.7 -86.7 1 31.0 -56.1 334 20 392.3 392.3 304.1 392.4 0.00 60 117 15257 -58.5 -87.5 1 29.0 -58.8 348 13 396.5 396.5 304.7 396.5 0.00 61 100 16250 -56.9 -86.9 1 30.0 -57.3 305 14 417.8 417.8 307.4 417.8 0.00 62 79 17734 -58.1 -88.1 1 30.0 -58.6 302 10 444.4 444.4 310.3 444.5 0.00 63 71 18410 -54.9 -87.9 1 33.0 -55.6 227 8 465.0 465.0 312.2 465.1 0.00 64 70 18500 -56.1 -88.1 1 32.0 -56.8 195 9 464.4 464.4 312.1 464.4 0.00 65 67 18778 -57.7 -88.7 1 31.0 -58.3 206 7 466.8 466.8 312.4 466.8 0.00 66 62 19271 -54.5 -87.5 1 33.0 -55.4 238 17 484.3 484.3 313.8 484.3 0.00 67 55 20035 -56.5 -88.5 1 32.0 -57.3 195 10 496.6 496.6 314.7 496.6 0.00 68 53 20270 -56.1 -88.1 1 32.0 -56.9 195 12 502.8 502.8 315.1 502.8 0.00 69 50 20640 -56.7 -88.7 1 32.0 -57.5 245 6 509.9 509.9 315.7 509.9 0.00 70 47 21031 -57.5 -89.5 1 32.0 -58.3 225 10 517.0 517.0 316.1 517.1 0.00 71 41 21896 -56.5 -88.5 1 32.0 -57.5 291 6 540.1 540.1 317.5 540.2 0.00 72 39 22212 -57.7 -89.7 1 32.0 -58.6 314 4 544.9 544.9 317.8 544.9 0.00 73 38 22377 -55.7 -89.7 1 34.0 -56.9 325 3 554.0 554.0 318.3 554.1 0.00 74 36 22722 -54.9 -88.9 1 34.0 -56.3 350 1 564.7 564.7 318.9 564.8 0.00 75 32 23471 -57.3 -89.3 1 32.0 -58.5 150 11 577.7 577.7 319.6 577.7 0.00 76 30 23880 -55.7 -89.7 1 34.0 -57.2 270 3 592.8 592.8 320.3 592.8 0.00 77 29 24096 -55.1 -89.1 1 34.0 -56.7 272 4 600.2 600.2 320.6 600.2 0.00 78 25 25041 -57.1 -89.1 1 32.0 -58.6 83 15 620.5 620.5 321.5 620.5 0.01 79 20 26470 -52.3 -88.3 1 36.0 -55.2 325 9 676.1 676.1 323.6 676.1 0.01 80 17 27525 -51.3 -87.3 1 36.0 -54.8 42 10 711.5 711.5 324.8 711.5 0.01 81 16 27918 -52.3 -87.3 1 35.0 -55.6 30 7 720.6 720.6 325.1 720.7 0.01 82 12 29797 -48.5 -86.5 0 38.0 -54.0 42 9 795.9 795.9 327.1 796.1 0.02 83 12 29797 -48.7 -86.7 0 38.0 -54.1 42 9 795.2 795.2 327.1 795.3 0.02 84 10 31010 -43.5 -83.5 0 40.0 -52.0 340 10 857.2 857.2 328.5 857.5 0.04 85 9.7 31215 -43.7 -83.7 0 40.0 -52.2 338 10 863.9 863.9 328.7 864.3 0.04 86 9.3 31499 -41.5 -82.5 0 41.0 -51.3 336 11 882.8 882.8 329.1 883.2 0.05 87 8.4 32190 -40.5 -81.5 0 41.0 -51.4 330 12 912.8 912.8 329.7 913.4 0.06 88 7.6 32870 -42.1 -83.1 0 41.0 -52.5 325 14 932.8 932.8 330.1 933.4 0.05 89 7.3 33144 -39.7 -80.7 0 41.0 -51.7 322 14 953.4 953.5 330.4 954.3 0.08 90 7.0 33430 -40.3 -81.3 0 41.0 -52.1 320 15 962.5 962.5 330.6 963.3 0.08 91 6.6 33833 -38.9 -80.9 0 42.0 -51.9 984.7 984.7 330.9 985.7 0.09 TRP 233 10868 -56.5 -71.5 13 15.0 -56.7 355 67 328.6 328.6 291.3 328.7 0.01 WND 262 10119 -52.7 -70.5 10 17.8 -52.9 360 67 323.4 323.4 289.8 323.5 0.01 Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5496.00 m Freezing level: 740.61 mb = 2612.32 m = 8570.51 ft Wetbulb zero: 824.79 mb = 1743.27 m = 5719.31 ft Precipitable water: 0.40 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 32.78 % Est. max temperature: 13.85 C = 56.93 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 822.52 mb = 1765.36 m = 5791.81 ft T: 0.40 C 700-500 lapse rate: 6.33 C/km ThetaE index: 5.34 C Layer 825.0- 736.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 702.11 mb = 3036.06 m = 9960.71 ft Mean mixing ratio: 4.58 g/kg Conv temperature: 23.94 C = 75.09 F Cap Strength: 7.55 C Lifted Index: 8.56 C Risk: None Lifted Index @300 mb: 11.26 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 5.74 C Showalter Index: 8.56 C Risk: None Total Totals Index: 40.80 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 21.50 C Cross Totals Index: 19.30 C K Index: 3.90 Risk: None Sweat Index: 50.80 Risk: None Energy Index: 2.00 Risk: None Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 2.31 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 2.15 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 74878.87 J/kg Cap Strength: 8.36 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 817.86 mb = 1810.94 m = 5941.34 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): -1.00 mb = -9999.00 m = -9999.00 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 25 at 15 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 971 405 20 4 -1.4 -3.8 | 206 11 4.8 9.7 1 947 610 340 5 1.7 -4.7 | 222 12 7.9 8.8 2 925 807 330 7 3.5 -6.1 | 232 12 9.7 7.4 3 913 914 310 8 6.1 -5.1 | 236 15 12.3 8.4 4 880 1219 285 6 5.8 -1.6 | 225 17 12.0 11.9 5 850 1501 295 9 8.2 -3.8 | 236 17 14.3 9.7 6 816 1829 310 9 6.9 -5.8 | 239 15 13.1 7.7 7 786 2134 350 18 3.1 -17.7 | 294 10 9.3 -4.2 8 756 2438 360 22 -0.0 -22.0 | 324 11 6.2 -8.5 9 728 2743 360 20 -0.0 -20.0 | 316 9 6.2 -6.5 10 700 3060 350 16 2.8 -15.8 | 284 9 9.0 -2.3 11 648 3658 350 25 4.3 -24.6 | 317 15 10.5 -11.1 12 623 3962 5 23 -2.0 -22.9 | 336 10 4.2 -9.4 13 598 4267 355 26 2.3 -25.9 | 326 15 8.4 -12.4 14 553 4877 5 19 -1.7 -18.9 | 320 7 4.5 -5.4 15 531 5182 15 24 -6.2 -23.2 | 0 10 -0.0 -9.7 16 511 5486 355 32 2.8 -31.9 | 334 20 9.0 -18.4 17 500 5650 5 28 -2.4 -27.9 | 345 15 3.7 -14.4 18 490 5791 5 29 -2.5 -28.9 | 347 16 3.7 -15.4 19 470 6096 355 32 2.8 -31.9 | 334 20 9.0 -18.4 20 415 7010 5 49 -4.3 -48.8 | 357 35 1.9 -35.3 21 400 7270 5 47 -4.1 -46.8 | 356 33 2.1 -33.3 22 380 7620 5 44 -3.8 -43.8 | 356 30 2.3 -30.3 23 304 9144 360 50 -0.0 -50.0 | 350 37 6.2 -36.5 24 300 9240 360 51 -0.0 -51.0 | 351 38 6.2 -37.5 25 262 10119 360 67 -0.0 -67.0 | 353 54 6.2 -53.5 26 252 10363 360 67 -0.0 -67.0 | 353 54 6.2 -53.5 27 250 10420 5 63 -5.5 -62.8 | 359 49 0.7 -49.3 28 233 10868 355 67 5.8 -66.7 | 347 55 12.0 -53.2 29 208 11582 355 65 5.7 -64.8 | 347 53 11.8 -51.3 30 200 11840 355 45 3.9 -44.8 | 342 33 10.1 -31.3 31 180 12497 345 43 11.1 -41.5 | 328 33 17.3 -28.0 32 164 13106 350 26 4.5 -25.6 | 319 16 10.7 -12.1 33 150 13680 340 25 8.6 -23.5 | 304 18 14.7 -10.0 34 149 13716 355 22 1.9 -21.9 | 316 12 8.1 -8.4 35 142 14021 335 30 12.7 -27.2 | 306 23 18.9 -13.7 36 129 14630 320 22 14.1 -16.9 | 279 21 20.3 -3.4 37 123 14935 360 16 -0.0 -16.0 | 292 7 6.2 -2.5 38 117 15240 350 13 2.3 -12.8 | 265 8 8.4 0.7 39 112 15545 305 21 17.2 -12.0 | 266 23 23.4 1.5 40 107 15850 305 19 15.6 -10.9 | 263 22 21.7 2.6 41 102 16154 265 13 13.0 1.1 | 233 24 19.1 14.6 42 100 16250 305 14 11.5 -8.0 | 253 18 17.6 5.5 43 97 16459 305 14 11.5 -8.0 | 253 18 17.6 5.5 44 92 16764 290 18 16.9 -6.2 | 252 24 23.1 7.3 45 88 17069 320 10 6.4 -7.7 | 245 14 12.6 5.8 46 84 17374 300 12 10.4 -6.0 | 246 18 16.6 7.5 47 80 17678 305 10 8.2 -5.7 | 242 16 14.4 7.8 48 72 18288 270 6 6.0 -0.0 | 222 18 12.2 13.5 49 70 18500 195 9 2.3 8.7 | 201 24 8.5 22.2 50 69 18593 215 2 1.1 1.6 | 206 17 7.3 15.1 51 66 18898 200 10 3.4 9.4 | 203 25 9.6 22.9 52 63 19202 235 18 14.7 10.3 | 221 32 20.9 23.8 53 60 19507 250 13 12.2 4.4 | 226 26 18.4 17.9 54 57 19812 220 10 6.4 7.7 | 211 25 12.6 21.2 55 54 20117 185 10 0.9 10.0 | 197 25 7.1 23.5 56 52 20422 205 14 5.9 12.7 | 205 29 12.1 26.2 57 50 20640 245 6 5.4 2.5 | 216 20 11.6 16.0 58 49 20726 230 10 7.7 6.4 | 215 24 13.8 19.9 59 47 21031 225 10 7.1 7.1 | 213 24 13.3 20.6 60 45 21336 250 9 8.5 3.1 | 221 22 14.6 16.6 61 35 22860 0 0 -0.0 -0.0 | 205 15 6.2 13.5 62 32 23470 150 11 -5.5 9.5 | 182 23 0.7 23.0 63 31 23774 155 10 -4.2 9.1 | 185 23 2.0 22.6 64 30 23880 270 3 3.0 -0.0 | 214 16 9.2 13.5 65 28 24384 275 6 6.0 -0.5 | 223 18 12.2 13.0 66 26 24689 25 10 -4.2 -9.1 | 204 5 2.0 4.4 67 25 24994 80 16 -15.8 -2.8 | 138 14 -9.6 10.7 68 24 25298 95 11 -11.0 1.0 | 162 15 -4.8 14.5 69 21 26213 5 10 -0.9 -10.0 | 236 6 5.3 3.5 70 20 26470 325 9 5.2 -7.4 | 242 13 11.3 6.1 71 19 26822 340 10 3.4 -9.4 | 247 10 9.6 4.1 72 18 27127 355 14 1.2 -13.9 | 273 7 7.4 -0.4 73 17 27432 45 11 -7.8 -7.8 | 164 6 -1.6 5.7 74 14 28956 0 0 -0.0 -0.0 | 205 15 6.2 13.5 75 12 29870 45 10 -7.1 -7.1 | 172 6 -0.9 6.4 76 11 30175 55 10 -8.2 -5.7 | 165 8 -2.0 7.8 77 10 31010 340 10 3.4 -9.4 | 247 10 9.6 4.1 78 7 33430 320 15 9.6 -11.5 | 263 16 15.8 2.0 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 354.6 at 19.8 knts Storm direction: 24.6 at 14.8 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 3.4 neg: 2.1 tot: 5.5 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 100.5 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 101.1 neg: -25.1 tot: 75.9 m^2/s^2 ave: 25.3 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.49 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 7.9 stream: 3.9 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.00 Bulk Rich Number: 0.08 Bulk Shear: 27.66 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 338 6 225 12| 0.0 7.6 7.6| 18.5 0.0 18.5 37.0 0.75| 8.3 6.2 1000 314 6 230 14| 0.0 4.5 4.5| 27.4 -11.9 15.5 15.5 0.37| 7.1 2.6 1500 309 7 233 15| 1.9 3.0 5.0| 47.5 -11.9 35.6 23.7 0.50| 6.9 3.4 2000 328 10 246 13| 5.1 2.3 7.4| 90.1 -11.9 78.2 39.1 0.69| 9.0 6.2 2500 339 12 258 11| 4.1 2.3 6.3| 91.0 -20.8 70.2 28.1 0.53| 8.1 4.3 3000 342 13 264 10| 3.4 2.1 5.5|101.1 -25.1 75.9 25.3 0.49| 7.9 3.9 4000 348 16 282 10| 3.1 1.8 4.9|123.1 -31.7 91.4 22.9 0.44| 7.8 3.5 5000 353 17 294 9| 2.2 1.9 4.2|133.9 -48.6 85.3 17.1 0.34| 8.3 2.8 6000 355 20 308 10| 1.9 2.1 4.1|170.6 -73.9 96.7 16.1 0.28| 8.7 2.5 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KMFR/skewt/KMFR.skewt.20250428.00.gif