UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025122700.upa.cvt Date: 0000Z 27 DEC 25 Searching for KMAF... Searching the city database file for: KMAF ... Date:0000Z 27 DEC 25 Station: KMAF WMO ident: 72265 Latitude: 31.95 Longitude: -102.22 Elevation: 872.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 1000 88 1 925 780 SFC 915 872 25.8 5.8 28 20.0 13.9 220 10 306.6 307.8 290.5 325.9 6.33 3 853 1484 19.0 3.0 34 16.0 10.0 224 13 305.7 306.8 289.6 322.7 5.57 4 850 1514 18.8 2.8 34 16.0 9.9 225 13 305.8 306.9 289.6 322.7 5.51 5 843 1585 18.8 1.8 32 17.0 9.5 247 15 306.6 307.5 289.5 322.4 5.17 6 758 2486 12.6 0.6 44 12.0 6.1 260 20 309.3 310.3 290.5 325.7 5.28 7 723 2881 10.4 -4.6 34 15.0 3.1 256 20 311.1 311.8 289.7 323.0 3.76 8 700 3149 8.8 -14.2 18 23.0 -0.3 255 18 312.2 312.6 288.2 318.2 1.82 9 675 3449 7.2 -28.8 6 36.0 -3.3 266 16 313.7 313.8 287.3 315.5 0.52 10 630 4012 3.2 -12.8 30 16.0 -3.3 271 16 315.4 315.8 289.6 322.8 2.27 11 610 4272 1.6 -12.4 34 14.0 -4.1 284 20 316.5 316.9 290.1 324.4 2.42 12 582 4649 -1.3 -17.3 28 16.0 -7.0 278 23 317.4 317.7 289.7 323.0 1.69 13 574 4759 -2.1 -17.1 31 15.0 -7.4 275 22 317.7 318.0 289.8 323.5 1.74 14 570 4814 -2.7 -17.7 30 15.0 -7.9 273 22 317.6 317.9 289.8 323.2 1.67 15 563 4912 -3.5 -16.5 36 13.0 -8.1 269 22 317.8 318.2 290.0 324.1 1.87 16 536 5299 -5.9 -21.9 27 16.0 -10.8 248 21 319.4 319.7 289.9 323.7 1.23 17 526 5446 -6.9 -15.9 49 9.0 -10.1 246 23 320.0 320.4 290.9 327.0 2.10 18 506 5748 -8.7 -18.7 44 10.0 -12.0 237 23 321.3 321.7 290.9 327.2 1.73 19 500 5840 -9.5 -19.5 44 10.0 -12.7 235 23 321.5 321.8 290.9 327.0 1.63 20 496 5902 -9.9 -19.9 44 10.0 -13.0 234 23 321.7 322.0 290.9 327.1 1.59 21 482 6122 -10.9 -23.9 33 13.0 -14.5 231 21 323.1 323.3 290.9 327.1 1.15 22 462 6444 -13.9 -21.9 51 8.0 -16.2 241 21 323.3 323.6 291.2 328.3 1.43 23 455 6560 -14.3 -23.3 46 9.0 -16.8 244 23 324.2 324.5 291.3 328.7 1.29 24 418 7195 -19.3 -25.3 59 6.0 -20.8 252 30 325.8 326.0 291.7 329.9 1.17 25 409 7356 -20.3 -27.3 54 7.0 -21.9 249 30 326.5 326.7 291.7 330.1 1.00 26 400 7520 -21.9 -27.9 58 6.0 -23.2 245 32 326.5 326.7 291.7 330.0 0.96 27 386 7782 -23.7 -28.7 63 5.0 -24.7 235 34 327.5 327.7 291.9 330.8 0.93 28 371 8071 -25.9 -30.0 68 4.1 -26.7 225 35 328.3 328.5 292.1 331.4 0.85 29 348 8534 -28.5 -42.5 25 14.0 -30.2 239 35 330.9 330.9 292.2 331.9 0.26 30 324 9043 -32.9 -47.9 21 15.0 -34.2 244 32 331.6 331.7 292.3 332.2 0.15 31 322 9086 -33.3 -48.3 21 15.0 -34.6 244 31 331.7 331.7 292.3 332.2 0.15 32 300 9580 -37.9 -48.9 31 11.0 -38.7 250 31 332.0 332.0 292.4 332.5 0.15 33 285 9931 -40.5 -49.5 37 9.0 -41.1 250 33 333.1 333.2 292.7 333.7 0.15 34 277 10125 -42.1 -52.1 33 10.0 -42.6 250 36 333.5 333.6 292.8 334.0 0.11 35 257 10627 -46.3 -54.3 40 8.0 -46.6 245 37 334.6 334.6 293.0 335.0 0.09 36 250 10810 -47.9 -56.9 35 9.0 -48.2 250 38 334.9 334.9 293.1 335.1 0.07 37 206 12054 -57.1 -68.1 24 11.0 -57.3 253 38 339.5 339.5 294.2 339.5 0.02 38 200 12240 -58.3 -69.3 23 11.0 -58.5 250 43 340.4 340.4 294.4 340.5 0.02 39 188 12627 -60.7 -70.7 26 10.0 -60.8 250 42 342.6 342.7 295.0 342.7 0.01 40 181 12862 -61.7 -72.7 22 11.0 -61.8 248 43 344.8 344.8 295.4 344.8 0.01 41 177 13000 -61.3 -72.3 22 11.0 -61.4 244 42 347.6 347.6 296.1 347.7 0.01 42 176 13035 -61.3 -72.3 22 11.0 -61.4 242 42 348.2 348.2 296.3 348.2 0.01 43 168 13323 -62.7 -74.7 18 12.0 -62.8 243 45 350.5 350.5 296.7 350.6 0.01 44 161 13585 -62.3 -74.3 19 12.0 -62.4 242 52 355.5 355.5 297.8 355.5 0.01 45 159 13662 -62.3 -74.3 19 12.0 -62.4 241 54 356.8 356.8 298.1 356.8 0.01 46 150 14020 -63.9 -76.9 15 13.0 -64.0 245 65 360.0 360.0 298.7 360.0 0.01 47 149 14061 -63.9 -76.9 15 13.0 -64.0 247 66 360.7 360.7 298.8 360.7 0.01 48 147 14144 -63.7 -76.7 15 13.0 -63.8 250 68 362.4 362.4 299.2 362.5 0.01 49 145 14228 -63.5 -76.5 16 13.0 -63.6 250 68 364.2 364.2 299.5 364.2 0.01 50 141 14399 -63.7 -77.7 13 14.0 -63.8 250 66 366.8 366.8 300.0 366.8 0.01 51 118 15476 -68.9 -82.9 12 14.0 -68.9 254 62 376.4 376.4 301.6 376.4 0.00 52 110 15894 -70.3 -85.3 9 15.0 -70.4 249 58 381.4 381.4 302.5 381.4 0.00 53 109 15949 -70.3 -85.3 9 15.0 -70.4 247 60 382.4 382.4 302.6 382.4 0.00 54 106 16114 -70.1 -85.1 9 15.0 -70.2 241 65 385.8 385.8 303.2 385.8 0.00 55 103 16285 -70.3 -85.3 9 15.0 -70.4 242 60 388.6 388.6 303.6 388.6 0.00 56 100 16460 -70.9 -85.9 9 15.0 -71.0 245 45 390.7 390.7 303.9 390.8 0.00 57 98 16580 -71.3 -86.3 9 15.0 -71.3 247 45 392.2 392.2 304.1 392.2 0.00 58 96 16702 -72.1 -86.1 10 14.0 -72.2 249 44 393.0 393.0 304.2 393.0 0.00 59 88 17210 -76.1 -90.1 9 14.0 -76.2 245 49 394.9 394.9 304.5 394.9 0.00 60 86 17343 -76.5 -90.5 9 14.0 -76.5 250 50 396.7 396.7 304.8 396.7 0.00 61 83 17548 -76.7 -90.7 9 14.0 -76.7 248 53 400.3 400.3 305.2 400.3 0.00 62 73 18294 -73.3 -87.3 10 14.0 -73.3 255 38 422.5 422.5 308.0 422.5 0.00 63 73 18294 -73.3 -87.3 10 14.0 -73.3 255 38 422.5 422.5 308.0 422.5 0.00 64 70 18540 -73.1 -87.1 10 14.0 -73.2 265 18 428.0 428.0 308.6 428.0 0.00 65 69 18624 -72.9 -86.9 10 14.0 -73.0 277 23 430.2 430.2 308.9 430.2 0.00 66 66 18883 -73.3 -87.3 10 14.0 -73.4 251 17 434.8 434.8 309.3 434.8 0.00 67 62 19247 -74.3 -88.3 10 14.0 -74.4 224 26 440.5 440.5 309.9 440.5 0.00 68 59 19536 -73.1 -87.1 10 14.0 -73.2 245 23 449.4 449.4 310.8 449.5 0.00 69 50 20510 -69.9 -84.9 9 15.0 -70.1 320 24 478.8 478.8 313.4 478.8 0.01 70 47 20878 -70.9 -86.9 8 16.0 -71.1 320 22 484.9 484.9 313.8 484.9 0.00 71 45 21137 -68.9 -84.9 8 16.0 -69.1 325 17 495.8 495.8 314.7 495.9 0.01 72 43 21409 -69.5 -85.5 8 16.0 -69.7 300 12 500.9 500.9 315.0 500.9 0.01 73 36 22485 -63.5 -81.5 7 18.0 -64.0 296 13 542.5 542.5 317.6 542.6 0.01 74 36 22485 -63.5 -81.5 7 18.0 -64.0 296 13 542.5 542.5 317.6 542.6 0.01 75 35 22658 -63.7 -82.7 6 19.0 -64.2 302 18 546.4 546.4 317.9 546.4 0.01 76 32 23211 -61.9 -82.9 4 21.0 -62.6 308 22 565.4 565.4 318.9 565.4 0.01 77 31 23408 -61.9 -82.9 4 21.0 -62.6 302 26 570.5 570.5 319.2 570.6 0.01 78 30 23610 -63.3 -84.3 4 21.0 -63.9 330 15 572.1 572.1 319.3 572.1 0.01 79 29 23818 -63.7 -85.7 3 22.0 -64.3 339 12 576.5 576.5 319.5 576.6 0.01 80 24 24983 -61.9 -86.9 2 25.0 -62.8 246 19 613.8 613.8 321.2 613.9 0.01 81 22 25519 -63.3 -90.3 1 27.0 -64.1 284 19 625.1 625.1 321.7 625.2 0.00 82 20 26110 -59.1 -89.1 1 30.0 -60.6 245 30 655.3 655.3 322.9 655.3 0.01 83 19 26433 -57.7 -87.7 1 30.0 -59.5 247 31 669.3 669.3 323.4 669.4 0.01 84 18 26777 -56.3 -86.3 1 30.0 -58.4 241 37 684.2 684.2 323.9 684.2 0.01 85 14 28370 -57.9 -86.9 1 29.0 -60.1 274 36 729.7 729.7 325.4 729.8 0.01 86 14 28370 -57.9 -86.9 1 29.0 -60.1 274 36 729.7 729.7 325.4 729.8 0.01 87 12 29346 -56.9 -86.9 1 30.0 -59.6 269 52 766.1 766.2 326.4 766.3 0.02 88 11 29899 -56.3 -85.3 1 29.0 -59.3 279 49 787.6 787.6 327.0 787.8 0.02 89 10 30510 -52.7 -83.7 1 31.0 -57.2 270 40 822.8 822.8 327.8 823.2 0.04 90 9.9 30575 -52.5 -83.5 1 31.0 -57.1 825.9 826.0 327.8 826.3 0.04 91 9.8 30640 -52.9 -82.9 1 30.0 -57.3 826.8 826.9 327.9 827.2 0.04 TRP 86 17343 -76.5 -90.5 9 14.0 -76.5 250 50 396.7 396.7 304.8 396.7 0.00 WND 147 14144 -63.7 -76.7 15 13.0 -63.8 250 68 362.4 362.4 299.2 362.5 0.01 Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5752.00 m Freezing level: 594.55 mb = 4480.01 m = 14698.02 ft Wetbulb zero: 702.25 mb = 3122.43 m = 10244.05 ft Precipitable water: 0.64 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 31.58 % Est. max temperature: 28.18 C = 82.72 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 681.17 mb = 3373.76 m = 11068.62 ft T: 7.60 C 700-500 lapse rate: 6.80 C/km ThetaE index: 10.13 C Layer 723.0- 630.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 572.88 mb = 4774.46 m = 15664.06 ft Mean mixing ratio: 5.67 g/kg Conv temperature: 36.55 C = 97.80 F Cap Strength: 6.74 C Lifted Index: 4.89 C Risk: None Lifted Index @300 mb: 6.49 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 5.25 C Showalter Index: 5.42 C Risk: None Total Totals Index: 40.60 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 28.30 C Cross Totals Index: 12.30 C K Index: 8.10 Risk: None Sweat Index: 82.60 Risk: None Energy Index: 0.98 Risk: None Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 5.45 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 3.30 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 39438.26 J/kg Cap Strength: 6.74 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 667.47 mb = 3540.35 m = 11615.19 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): -1.00 mb = -9999.00 m = -9999.00 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 284 at 14 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 915 872 220 10 6.4 7.7 | 146 13 -7.4 11.1 1 911 914 190 12 2.1 11.8 | 143 19 -11.7 15.3 2 879 1219 220 10 6.4 7.7 | 146 13 -7.4 11.1 3 850 1514 225 13 9.2 9.2 | 160 13 -4.6 12.6 4 849 1524 245 15 13.6 6.3 | 179 10 -0.2 9.8 5 819 1829 255 14 13.5 3.6 | 178 7 -0.3 7.1 6 790 2134 265 18 17.9 1.6 | 220 7 4.2 5.0 7 762 2438 260 20 19.7 3.5 | 221 9 5.9 6.9 8 735 2743 260 21 20.7 3.6 | 224 10 6.9 7.1 9 708 3048 250 18 16.9 6.2 | 198 10 3.1 9.6 10 700 3149 255 18 17.4 4.7 | 204 9 3.6 8.1 11 682 3353 265 17 16.9 1.5 | 213 6 3.2 4.9 12 657 3658 270 14 14.0 -0.0 | 184 3 0.2 3.4 13 632 3962 270 16 16.0 -0.0 | 213 4 2.2 3.4 14 609 4267 285 20 19.3 -5.2 | 287 6 5.5 -1.7 15 586 4572 280 23 22.7 -4.0 | 274 9 8.9 -0.6 16 564 4877 270 22 22.0 -0.0 | 247 9 8.2 3.4 17 543 5182 250 20 18.8 6.8 | 206 11 5.0 10.3 18 523 5486 245 24 21.8 10.1 | 210 16 8.0 13.6 19 503 5791 235 23 18.8 13.2 | 197 17 5.1 16.6 20 500 5840 235 23 18.8 13.2 | 197 17 5.1 16.6 21 483 6096 230 21 16.1 13.5 | 188 17 2.3 16.9 22 464 6401 240 20 17.3 10.0 | 195 14 3.5 13.4 23 428 7010 255 31 29.9 8.0 | 235 20 16.2 11.5 24 411 7315 250 30 28.2 10.3 | 226 20 14.4 13.7 25 400 7520 245 32 29.0 13.5 | 222 23 15.2 17.0 26 394 7620 245 32 29.0 13.5 | 222 23 15.2 17.0 27 378 7925 225 35 24.7 24.7 | 201 30 11.0 28.2 28 362 8230 225 35 24.7 24.7 | 201 30 11.0 28.2 29 347 8534 240 35 30.3 17.5 | 218 27 16.5 20.9 30 319 9144 245 31 28.1 13.1 | 221 22 14.3 16.5 31 306 9449 255 29 28.0 7.5 | 232 18 14.2 10.9 32 300 9580 250 31 29.1 10.6 | 228 21 15.4 14.0 33 292 9754 250 29 27.3 9.9 | 225 19 13.5 13.4 34 279 10058 250 36 33.8 12.3 | 232 25 20.0 15.7 35 255 10668 245 37 33.5 15.6 | 226 27 19.8 19.1 36 250 10810 250 38 35.7 13.0 | 233 27 21.9 16.4 37 244 10973 250 38 35.7 13.0 | 233 27 21.9 16.4 38 232 11278 245 35 31.7 14.8 | 225 26 17.9 18.2 39 222 11582 260 33 32.5 5.7 | 244 21 18.7 9.2 40 211 11887 255 33 31.9 8.5 | 237 22 18.1 12.0 41 200 12240 250 43 40.4 14.7 | 236 32 26.6 18.1 42 192 12497 250 42 39.5 14.4 | 235 31 25.7 17.8 43 183 12802 250 43 40.4 14.7 | 236 32 26.6 18.1 44 174 13106 240 42 36.4 21.0 | 223 33 22.6 24.4 45 166 13411 245 46 41.7 19.4 | 231 36 27.9 22.9 46 158 13716 240 56 48.5 28.0 | 228 47 34.7 31.4 47 150 14020 245 65 58.9 27.5 | 236 55 45.1 30.9 48 147 14144 250 68 63.9 23.3 | 242 57 50.1 26.7 49 143 14326 250 68 63.9 23.3 | 242 57 50.1 26.7 50 136 14630 250 57 53.6 19.5 | 240 46 39.8 22.9 51 129 14935 245 61 55.3 25.8 | 235 51 41.5 29.2 52 122 15240 250 65 61.1 22.2 | 242 54 47.3 25.7 53 116 15545 255 61 58.9 15.8 | 247 49 45.1 19.2 54 111 15850 250 57 53.6 19.5 | 240 46 39.8 22.9 55 105 16154 240 66 57.2 33.0 | 230 57 43.4 36.4 56 100 16459 245 52 47.1 22.0 | 233 42 33.3 25.4 57 100 16460 245 45 40.8 19.0 | 230 35 27.0 22.5 58 95 16764 250 44 41.3 15.0 | 236 33 27.6 18.5 59 90 17069 240 47 40.7 23.5 | 225 38 26.9 26.9 60 86 17343 250 50 47.0 17.1 | 238 39 33.2 20.5 61 86 17374 245 52 47.1 22.0 | 233 42 33.3 25.4 62 81 17678 250 53 49.8 18.1 | 239 42 36.0 21.6 63 77 17983 250 43 40.4 14.7 | 236 32 26.6 18.1 64 73 18288 255 39 37.7 10.1 | 240 27 23.9 13.5 65 70 18540 265 18 17.9 1.6 | 220 7 4.2 5.0 66 69 18593 280 24 23.6 -4.2 | 274 10 9.9 -0.7 67 66 18898 250 17 16.0 5.8 | 193 10 2.2 9.2 68 63 19202 220 27 17.4 20.7 | 188 24 3.6 24.1 69 59 19507 245 23 20.8 9.7 | 208 15 7.1 13.2 70 56 19812 245 24 21.8 10.1 | 210 16 8.0 13.6 71 53 20117 255 30 29.0 7.8 | 234 19 15.2 11.2 72 51 20422 290 19 17.9 -6.5 | 307 5 4.1 -3.1 73 50 20510 320 24 15.4 -18.4 | 354 15 1.6 -14.9 74 48 20726 315 26 18.4 -18.4 | 343 16 4.6 -14.9 75 46 21031 325 19 10.9 -15.6 | 13 12 -2.9 -12.1 76 44 21336 325 13 7.5 -10.6 | 41 10 -6.3 -7.2 77 41 21641 240 11 9.5 5.5 | 155 10 -4.3 8.9 78 39 21946 305 15 12.3 -8.6 | 16 5 -1.5 -5.2 79 38 22250 275 8 8.0 -0.7 | 115 6 -5.8 2.7 80 36 22555 300 14 12.1 -7.0 | 25 4 -1.7 -3.6 81 34 22860 305 23 18.8 -13.2 | 333 11 5.1 -9.8 82 32 23165 310 21 16.1 -13.5 | 347 10 2.3 -10.1 83 31 23470 300 27 23.4 -13.5 | 316 14 9.6 -10.1 84 30 23610 330 15 7.5 -13.0 | 33 11 -6.3 -9.6 85 28 24079 350 8 1.4 -7.9 | 70 13 -12.4 -4.4 86 26 24384 270 11 11.0 -0.0 | 141 4 -2.8 3.4 87 25 24689 280 22 21.7 -3.8 | 273 8 7.9 -0.4 88 24 24994 245 19 17.2 8.0 | 197 12 3.4 11.5 89 22 25603 290 19 17.9 -6.5 | 307 5 4.1 -3.1 90 21 25908 265 24 23.9 2.1 | 241 12 10.1 5.5 91 20 26110 245 30 27.2 12.7 | 220 21 13.4 16.1 92 20 26213 240 24 20.8 12.0 | 204 17 7.0 15.4 93 19 26518 250 33 31.0 11.3 | 229 23 17.2 14.7 94 18 26822 240 38 32.9 19.0 | 220 29 19.1 22.4 95 17 27127 260 33 32.5 5.7 | 244 21 18.7 9.2 96 16 27432 255 35 33.8 9.1 | 238 24 20.0 12.5 97 15 27737 250 37 34.8 12.7 | 233 26 21.0 16.1 98 15 28042 260 39 38.4 6.8 | 247 27 24.6 10.2 99 14 28346 275 35 34.9 -3.1 | 269 21 21.1 0.4 100 13 28956 260 55 54.2 9.6 | 252 42 40.4 13.0 101 11 29870 280 49 48.3 -8.5 | 278 35 34.5 -5.1 102 10 30510 270 40 40.0 -0.0 | 263 26 26.2 3.4 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 254.0 at 18.9 knts Storm direction: 284.0 at 14.2 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 2.3 neg: 0.3 tot: 2.6 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 58.9 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 39.4 neg: -16.0 tot: 23.4 m^2/s^2 ave: 7.8 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.22 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 7.0 stream: 1.6 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.00 Bulk Rich Number: 0.22 Bulk Shear: 24.49 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 209 11 147 16| 1.7 0.0 1.7| 9.1 -2.8 6.3 12.6 0.15| 11.2 1.7 1000 229 12 159 12| 4.5 0.0 4.5| 25.8 -3.0 22.9 22.9 0.36| 10.5 3.8 1500 243 14 173 10| 4.7 0.0 4.7| 33.4 -3.0 30.4 20.3 0.44| 9.1 4.0 2000 249 16 185 9| 3.5 0.5 4.0| 34.5 -7.7 26.8 13.4 0.35| 7.6 2.7 2500 251 16 190 9| 2.7 0.4 3.1| 38.2 -13.7 24.5 9.8 0.27| 7.5 2.0 3000 254 16 191 8| 2.3 0.3 2.6| 39.4 -16.0 23.4 7.8 0.22| 7.0 1.6 4000 261 17 207 7| 2.6 0.9 3.5| 46.5 -28.6 18.0 4.5 0.17| 7.1 1.2 5000 258 18 209 8| 2.1 2.1 4.1| 49.3 -65.2 -15.9 -3.2 -0.01| 7.4 -0.1 6000 254 19 207 10| 2.5 1.7 4.2| 93.0 -75.0 18.0 3.0 0.09| 7.5 0.6 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KMAF/skewt/KMAF.skewt.20251227.00.gif