UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025042519.upa.cvt Date: 1900Z 25 APR 25 Searching for KMAF... Searching the city database file for: KMAF ... Date:1900Z 25 APR 25 Station: KMAF WMO ident: 72265 Latitude: 31.95 Longitude: -102.22 Elevation: 872.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 1000 83 1 925 782 SFC 915 872 26.8 17.8 58 9.0 20.5 135 6 307.7 310.3 296.7 350.4 14.15 3 909 931 25.0 15.0 54 10.0 18.2 174 9 306.4 308.6 294.8 342.1 11.88 4 850 1519 18.0 14.2 78 3.8 15.5 115 14 305.0 307.2 294.6 341.1 12.07 5 824 1784 15.8 13.2 85 2.6 14.1 130 14 305.4 307.6 294.4 340.3 11.65 6 811 1919 15.2 11.9 81 3.3 13.1 138 14 306.2 308.2 294.0 338.8 10.86 7 797 2067 17.6 5.6 45 12.0 10.4 143 15 310.2 311.6 292.3 332.4 7.17 8 789 2153 17.4 1.4 34 16.0 8.5 147 15 310.9 311.9 291.0 327.7 5.37 9 783 2218 17.6 -3.4 24 21.0 6.9 153 14 311.8 312.5 289.9 323.9 3.80 10 750 2584 14.4 2.4 44 12.0 7.6 189 13 312.2 313.4 292.0 331.2 6.07 11 700 3162 9.6 -7.4 29 17.0 1.7 195 10 313.1 313.7 289.7 323.2 3.13 12 692 3257 8.8 -9.2 27 18.0 0.8 195 10 313.3 313.8 289.4 322.1 2.75 13 670 3523 6.2 -9.8 31 16.0 -0.7 190 8 313.3 313.8 289.3 322.0 2.71 14 658 3670 4.8 -12.2 28 17.0 -2.1 185 8 313.3 313.7 288.9 320.7 2.28 15 648 3795 3.6 -12.4 30 16.0 -2.9 193 6 313.3 313.7 289.0 320.7 2.28 16 621 4138 0.4 -14.6 31 15.0 -5.2 208 5 313.5 313.9 288.8 320.0 1.98 17 610 4281 -0.7 -16.7 29 16.0 -6.4 210 6 313.8 314.1 288.6 319.4 1.70 18 567 4860 -4.5 -26.5 16 22.0 -10.4 219 13 316.0 316.1 288.3 318.7 0.77 19 534 5330 -6.9 -50.9 2 44.0 -13.5 221 19 318.6 318.6 288.3 318.8 0.07 20 517 5582 -8.3 -40.3 6 32.0 -14.2 221 23 319.8 319.9 288.9 320.7 0.22 21 504 5779 -9.7 -43.7 4 34.0 -15.4 234 21 320.5 320.5 289.0 321.1 0.16 22 500 5840 -10.3 -41.3 6 31.0 -15.7 235 20 320.5 320.5 289.1 321.3 0.21 23 486 6057 -11.7 -52.7 2 41.0 -17.0 235 20 321.4 321.4 289.2 321.6 0.06 24 453 6590 -15.7 -30.7 26 15.0 -18.9 236 23 322.9 323.0 290.3 325.2 0.65 25 439 6825 -17.7 -33.7 23 16.0 -20.7 241 26 323.3 323.4 290.3 325.1 0.51 26 404 7438 -23.3 -37.3 27 14.0 -25.4 249 29 323.8 323.9 290.3 325.2 0.38 27 400 7510 -24.1 -38.1 26 14.0 -26.1 250 29 323.7 323.7 290.3 325.0 0.36 28 395 7602 -24.9 -38.9 26 14.0 -26.8 250 29 323.8 323.9 290.3 325.0 0.33 29 382 7844 -26.3 -44.3 17 18.0 -28.3 252 30 325.1 325.1 290.5 325.8 0.20 30 367 8133 -28.5 -44.5 20 16.0 -30.2 254 31 325.9 325.9 290.7 326.6 0.20 31 353 8411 -29.7 -44.7 22 15.0 -31.3 255 36 327.9 327.9 291.3 328.7 0.20 32 319 9125 -35.1 -53.1 14 18.0 -36.3 250 44 330.1 330.1 291.8 330.4 0.09 33 300 9550 -38.5 -59.5 9 21.0 -39.5 260 39 331.1 331.1 292.0 331.3 0.04 34 297 9619 -39.1 -60.1 9 21.0 -40.1 260 38 331.2 331.2 292.1 331.4 0.04 35 280 10022 -42.5 -62.5 9 20.0 -43.2 260 40 331.9 332.0 292.3 332.1 0.03 36 252 10727 -48.5 -61.5 21 13.0 -48.8 263 51 333.2 333.2 292.6 333.4 0.04 37 250 10780 -48.9 -61.9 21 13.0 -49.3 265 52 333.4 333.4 292.7 333.5 0.04 38 225 11464 -53.7 -59.7 48 6.0 -53.8 262 58 336.2 336.2 293.4 336.4 0.05 39 206 12025 -58.1 -63.1 53 5.0 -58.2 261 67 337.9 337.9 293.9 338.0 0.04 40 200 12210 -59.3 -64.0 54 4.7 -59.4 255 73 338.9 338.9 294.1 339.0 0.03 41 195 12368 -60.7 -65.0 57 4.3 -60.7 255 73 339.1 339.1 294.1 339.2 0.03 42 192 12464 -61.5 -66.0 55 4.5 -61.6 255 73 339.3 339.3 294.2 339.4 0.03 43 188 12594 -62.1 -66.5 55 4.4 -62.1 255 73 340.4 340.4 294.4 340.5 0.03 44 187 12626 -62.5 -67.1 54 4.6 -62.6 255 73 340.3 340.3 294.4 340.4 0.02 45 185 12692 -62.5 -67.0 55 4.5 -62.6 255 73 341.3 341.3 294.7 341.4 0.03 46 180 12861 -61.5 -66.5 51 5.0 -61.6 256 75 345.6 345.6 295.7 345.7 0.03 47 175 13035 -62.1 -67.8 46 5.7 -62.2 260 80 347.4 347.4 296.1 347.5 0.02 48 166 13360 -63.3 -70.3 38 7.0 -63.4 262 79 350.7 350.7 296.8 350.8 0.02 49 164 13434 -63.3 -70.3 38 7.0 -63.4 263 78 351.9 351.9 297.1 352.0 0.02 50 156 13740 -64.1 -72.1 33 8.0 -64.2 265 77 355.6 355.6 297.8 355.7 0.01 51 150 13980 -63.7 -72.7 28 9.0 -63.8 260 77 360.3 360.3 298.8 360.4 0.01 52 149 14021 -63.3 -72.3 28 9.0 -63.4 265 71 361.7 361.7 299.1 361.8 0.01 53 148 14062 -63.1 -72.1 29 9.0 -63.2 264 72 362.8 362.8 299.2 362.8 0.02 54 138 14491 -65.1 -75.1 24 10.0 -65.2 265 71 366.6 366.6 299.9 366.6 0.01 55 124 15146 -62.9 -75.9 16 13.0 -63.0 257 56 382.0 382.0 302.6 382.0 0.01 56 121 15296 -62.7 -76.7 14 14.0 -62.9 255 54 385.0 385.0 303.1 385.1 0.01 57 111 15825 -65.3 -80.3 11 15.0 -65.4 255 58 389.8 389.8 303.8 389.8 0.01 58 106 16105 -64.9 -80.9 9 16.0 -65.0 255 69 395.7 395.7 304.6 395.7 0.01 59 103 16280 -65.5 -81.5 9 16.0 -65.6 259 62 397.8 397.8 304.9 397.8 0.01 60 100 16460 -65.1 -81.1 9 16.0 -65.3 265 49 401.9 401.9 305.5 402.0 0.01 TRP 185 12692 -62.5 -67.0 55 4.5 -62.6 255 73 341.3 341.3 294.7 341.4 0.03 WND 175 13035 -62.1 -67.8 46 5.7 -62.2 260 80 347.4 347.4 296.1 347.5 0.02 Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5757.00 m Freezing level: 617.00 mb = 4189.70 m = 13745.56 ft Wetbulb zero: 680.71 mb = 3392.27 m = 11129.35 ft Precipitable water: 0.87 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 34.55 % Est. max temperature: 31.06 C = 87.90 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 802.46 mb = 2008.80 m = 6590.49 ft T: 16.66 C 700-500 lapse rate: 7.43 C/km ThetaE index: 26.55 C Layer 909.0- 750.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 719.43 mb = 2932.61 m = 9621.29 ft Mean mixing ratio: 11.94 g/kg Conv temperature: 31.77 C = 89.19 F Cap Strength: 5.10 C Lifted Index: -4.11 C Risk: Severe thunderstorms probable Lifted Index @300 mb: -5.30 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 1.49 C Showalter Index: -3.93 C Risk: Severe thunderstorms possible Total Totals Index: 52.80 C Risk: Scattered heavy thunderstorms Vertical Totals Index: 28.30 C Cross Totals Index: 24.50 C K Index: 25.50 Risk: 40-60 % chance of thunderstorms Sweat Index: 294.40 Risk: None Energy Index: -3.83 Risk: Severe Thunderstorms probable Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 1575.85 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 56.14 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 153.04 J/kg Cap Strength: 4.99 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 794.59 mb = 2092.69 m = 6865.70 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): 669.59 mb = 3527.65 m = 11573.50 ft Equ Level (EL): 179.59 mb = 12875.37 m = 42241.53 ft B at Equ Level: 1543.63 J/kg Max Parcel Lev (MPL): 119.59 mb = 15367.91 m = 50419.05 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 235 at 10 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 915 872 135 6 -4.2 4.2 | 83 13 -12.8 -1.7 1 911 914 175 9 -0.8 9.0 | 108 10 -9.4 3.1 2 880 1219 155 13 -5.5 11.8 | 113 15 -14.1 5.9 3 850 1519 115 14 -12.7 5.9 | 90 21 -21.3 0.0 4 849 1524 105 13 -12.6 3.4 | 83 21 -21.1 -2.5 5 819 1829 135 14 -9.9 9.9 | 102 19 -18.5 4.0 6 790 2134 145 15 -8.6 12.3 | 110 18 -17.2 6.4 7 762 2438 175 13 -1.1 13.0 | 126 12 -9.7 7.0 8 736 2743 205 13 5.5 11.8 | 152 7 -3.1 5.9 9 709 3048 215 9 5.2 7.4 | 113 4 -3.4 1.5 10 700 3162 195 10 2.6 9.7 | 122 7 -6.0 3.8 11 683 3353 195 9 2.3 8.7 | 114 7 -6.3 2.8 12 658 3658 185 8 0.7 8.0 | 105 8 -7.9 2.1 13 633 3962 205 3 1.3 2.7 | 66 8 -7.3 -3.2 14 609 4267 210 6 3.0 5.2 | 83 6 -5.6 -0.7 15 586 4572 210 9 4.5 7.8 | 115 5 -4.1 1.9 16 564 4877 220 13 8.4 10.0 | 177 4 -0.2 4.1 17 543 5182 225 15 10.6 10.6 | 203 5 2.0 4.7 18 523 5486 215 24 13.8 19.7 | 201 15 5.2 13.8 19 503 5791 235 21 17.2 12.0 | 235 11 8.6 6.1 20 500 5840 235 20 16.4 11.5 | 234 10 7.8 5.6 21 483 6096 235 20 16.4 11.5 | 234 10 7.8 5.6 22 464 6401 230 21 16.1 13.5 | 225 11 7.5 7.6 23 445 6706 240 25 21.7 12.5 | 243 15 13.1 6.6 24 400 7510 250 29 27.3 9.9 | 258 19 18.7 4.0 25 394 7620 250 29 27.3 9.9 | 258 19 18.7 4.0 26 361 8230 255 32 30.9 8.3 | 264 22 22.3 2.4 27 346 8534 255 39 37.7 10.1 | 262 29 29.1 4.2 28 332 8839 255 40 38.6 10.4 | 262 30 30.0 4.4 29 318 9144 250 44 41.3 15.0 | 254 34 32.8 9.1 30 300 9550 260 39 38.4 6.8 | 268 30 29.8 0.9 31 291 9754 260 37 36.4 6.4 | 269 28 27.8 0.5 32 254 10668 260 49 48.3 8.5 | 266 40 39.7 2.6 33 250 10780 265 52 51.8 4.5 | 272 43 43.2 -1.4 34 243 10973 265 56 55.8 4.9 | 271 47 47.2 -1.0 35 231 11278 265 56 55.8 4.9 | 271 47 47.2 -1.0 36 221 11582 260 59 58.1 10.2 | 265 50 49.5 4.3 37 210 11887 265 63 62.8 5.5 | 270 54 54.2 -0.4 38 201 12192 255 73 70.5 18.9 | 258 63 61.9 13.0 39 200 12210 255 73 70.5 18.9 | 258 63 61.9 13.0 40 185 12692 255 73 70.5 18.9 | 258 63 61.9 13.0 41 182 12802 255 73 70.5 18.9 | 258 63 61.9 13.0 42 175 13035 260 80 78.8 13.9 | 264 71 70.2 8.0 43 173 13106 260 80 78.8 13.9 | 264 71 70.2 8.0 44 157 13716 265 77 76.7 6.7 | 269 68 68.1 0.8 45 150 13980 260 77 75.8 13.4 | 264 68 67.2 7.5 46 149 14021 265 71 70.7 6.2 | 270 62 62.1 0.3 47 142 14326 260 77 75.8 13.4 | 264 68 67.2 7.5 48 135 14630 270 66 66.0 -0.0 | 276 58 57.4 -5.9 49 122 15240 255 54 52.2 14.0 | 260 44 43.6 8.1 50 116 15545 255 54 52.2 14.0 | 260 44 43.6 8.1 51 110 15850 255 58 56.0 15.0 | 259 48 47.4 9.1 52 105 16154 255 71 68.6 18.4 | 258 61 60.0 12.5 53 100 16460 265 49 48.8 4.3 | 272 40 40.2 -1.6 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 205.5 at 13.9 knts Storm direction: 235.5 at 10.4 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 2.6 neg: 1.6 tot: 4.2 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): -5.8 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 89.2 neg: -58.1 tot: 31.1 m^2/s^2 ave: 10.4 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.10 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 9.9 stream: 1.0 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.87 Bulk Rich Number: 103.05 Bulk Shear: 15.29 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 156 11 109 14| 0.0 7.7 7.7| 18.8 -15.2 3.6 7.2 0.18| 15.7 2.9 1000 138 13 101 17| 0.4 3.9 4.3| 50.6 -43.4 7.2 7.2 0.13| 14.3 1.8 1500 142 13 105 17| 2.7 2.6 5.3| 76.4 -43.4 33.0 22.0 0.26| 12.3 3.2 2000 154 13 112 16| 3.9 1.9 5.8| 88.6 -44.6 44.0 22.0 0.28| 11.9 3.4 2500 162 12 115 14| 3.1 2.0 5.1| 89.2 -48.7 40.5 16.2 0.20| 10.7 2.2 3000 165 12 115 13| 2.6 1.6 4.2| 89.2 -58.1 31.1 10.4 0.10| 9.9 1.0 4000 174 10 115 11| 2.7 1.2 4.0|100.5 -60.7 39.8 9.9 0.19| 8.9 1.7 5000 191 12 134 9| 2.6 1.1 3.7|126.6 -62.7 64.0 12.8 0.25| 9.2 2.3 6000 205 14 159 7| 2.7 1.1 3.8|143.0 -66.8 76.2 12.7 0.26| 8.4 2.2 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KMAF/skewt/KMAF.skewt.20250425.19.gif