UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025041912.upa.cvt Date: 1200Z 19 APR 25 Searching for KMAF... Searching the city database file for: KMAF ... Date:1200Z 19 APR 25 Station: KMAF WMO ident: 72265 Latitude: 31.95 Longitude: -102.22 Elevation: 872.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 1000 56 1 925 743 SFC 911 872 23.2 4.2 29 19.0 12.3 280 6 304.4 305.4 289.2 321.6 5.68 3 886 1115 20.8 -1.2 23 22.0 9.4 268 18 304.3 305.0 287.6 316.4 3.95 4 864 1332 19.2 -2.8 22 22.0 8.2 273 22 304.8 305.5 287.4 316.0 3.60 5 850 1473 18.4 -3.6 22 22.0 7.5 270 25 305.4 306.1 287.5 316.1 3.44 6 829 1686 16.4 -1.6 29 18.0 7.2 267 24 305.5 306.3 288.1 318.1 4.10 7 802 1966 14.4 -9.6 18 24.0 3.9 261 26 306.3 306.7 286.6 313.6 2.30 8 700 3095 5.0 -5.0 48 10.0 0.3 215 31 308.0 308.7 288.6 319.8 3.76 9 621 4058 -3.5 -9.5 63 6.0 -5.9 208 37 309.0 309.6 288.2 318.5 2.99 10 597 4369 -5.3 -12.3 58 7.0 -7.9 200 39 310.4 310.9 288.2 318.4 2.49 11 577 4636 -7.3 -17.3 45 10.0 -10.5 201 39 311.1 311.5 287.6 316.7 1.70 12 572 4704 -7.7 -16.7 48 9.0 -10.6 204 39 311.4 311.8 287.9 317.4 1.81 13 520 5441 -12.1 -44.1 5 32.0 -16.9 219 49 314.7 314.8 287.2 315.3 0.15 14 500 5740 -13.9 -31.9 20 18.0 -17.6 220 60 316.1 316.2 288.1 318.0 0.53 15 484 5986 -15.1 -30.1 27 15.0 -18.3 223 67 317.6 317.7 288.7 319.8 0.65 16 476 6112 -16.1 -31.1 26 15.0 -19.1 225 71 317.8 318.0 288.7 320.0 0.60 17 467 6255 -17.1 -31.1 29 14.0 -19.9 227 76 318.3 318.5 288.9 320.5 0.61 18 463 6319 -17.5 -31.5 28 14.0 -20.3 229 78 318.6 318.7 289.0 320.7 0.59 19 428 6903 -20.5 -26.5 59 6.0 -21.8 224 83 322.1 322.3 290.5 325.6 1.02 20 400 7400 -23.9 -31.9 48 8.0 -25.4 215 88 323.9 324.1 290.6 326.3 0.66 21 387 7640 -26.1 -35.1 43 9.0 -27.5 215 88 324.1 324.2 290.6 325.9 0.50 22 371 7943 -28.7 -34.7 56 6.0 -29.6 210 90 324.6 324.7 290.7 326.6 0.54 23 358 8197 -31.1 -38.1 50 7.0 -32.0 214 93 324.7 324.8 290.6 326.2 0.40 24 337 8621 -35.1 -37.7 77 2.6 -35.4 210 94 324.9 325.0 290.7 326.5 0.44 25 304 9330 -40.7 -45.2 62 4.5 -41.0 210 97 326.8 326.8 291.0 327.6 0.22 26 300 9420 -41.5 -45.9 62 4.4 -41.8 210 99 326.9 326.9 291.0 327.7 0.21 27 285 9765 -44.3 -48.9 60 4.6 -44.6 210 101 327.7 327.7 291.2 328.3 0.16 28 280 9884 -44.9 -49.2 62 4.3 -45.1 210 104 328.5 328.5 291.5 329.1 0.15 29 275 10004 -45.7 -50.1 61 4.4 -45.9 210 106 329.0 329.1 291.6 329.6 0.14 30 270 10126 -46.7 -50.7 64 4.0 -46.9 210 109 329.3 329.3 291.7 329.8 0.13 31 257 10450 -49.9 -53.4 66 3.5 -50.0 210 115 329.3 329.3 291.6 329.7 0.10 32 250 10630 -51.3 -54.9 65 3.6 -51.4 210 117 329.8 329.8 291.7 330.2 0.09 33 242 10840 -52.9 -57.0 61 4.1 -53.0 210 117 330.5 330.5 291.9 330.8 0.07 34 227 11249 -56.3 -60.6 58 4.3 -56.4 210 121 331.4 331.4 292.2 331.6 0.05 35 213 11650 -60.0 -64.3 56 4.4 -60.0 210 125 331.8 331.8 292.2 331.9 0.03 36 211 11708 -60.5 -64.9 56 4.4 -60.6 210 125 331.8 331.8 292.2 332.0 0.03 37 200 12040 -62.5 -67.2 53 4.7 -62.6 215 119 333.8 333.8 292.7 333.9 0.02 38 197 12133 -62.7 -67.7 51 5.0 -62.7 217 116 334.9 334.9 293.0 335.0 0.02 39 187 12454 -63.1 -68.1 51 5.0 -63.1 225 107 339.3 339.3 294.1 339.4 0.02 40 186 12487 -63.1 -68.1 51 5.0 -63.1 225 106 339.8 339.8 294.3 339.9 0.02 41 180 12688 -63.9 -68.9 50 5.0 -64.0 230 100 341.7 341.7 294.7 341.8 0.02 42 178 12757 -63.9 -69.9 44 6.0 -64.0 230 99 342.8 342.8 295.0 342.9 0.02 43 154 13662 -55.5 -65.5 28 10.0 -55.8 238 76 371.6 371.7 300.9 371.8 0.04 44 152 13746 -55.5 -65.5 28 10.0 -55.8 243 71 373.0 373.0 301.1 373.2 0.04 45 150 13830 -55.7 -65.7 28 10.0 -55.9 250 70 374.1 374.1 301.3 374.3 0.04 46 149 13873 -55.9 -66.9 24 11.0 -56.2 250 70 374.5 374.5 301.4 374.6 0.03 47 144 14090 -54.5 -66.5 21 12.0 -54.8 247 65 380.6 380.6 302.3 380.8 0.03 48 142 14180 -54.1 -66.1 22 12.0 -54.4 242 62 382.8 382.8 302.7 383.0 0.04 49 100 16370 -65.3 -82.3 8 17.0 -65.4 230 48 401.6 401.6 305.4 401.6 0.00 50 98 16493 -65.7 -83.7 6 18.0 -65.8 230 48 403.1 403.1 305.6 403.1 0.00 51 94 16746 -65.1 -84.1 6 19.0 -65.3 230 45 409.1 409.1 306.4 409.1 0.00 52 90 17011 -65.5 -85.5 5 20.0 -65.7 234 52 413.4 413.4 306.9 413.5 0.00 53 85 17362 -61.3 -83.3 4 22.0 -61.6 240 57 428.8 428.8 308.7 428.8 0.00 54 84 17436 -61.3 -83.3 4 22.0 -61.6 243 54 430.2 430.2 308.9 430.2 0.00 55 70 18550 -67.7 -90.7 2 23.0 -67.8 200 19 439.5 439.6 309.8 439.6 0.00 56 67 18814 -68.7 -91.7 2 23.0 -68.8 192 19 442.9 442.9 310.1 442.9 0.00 57 53 20254 -59.3 -88.3 1 29.0 -59.9 236 12 495.4 495.4 314.6 495.4 0.00 58 52 20374 -58.5 -87.5 1 29.0 -59.2 224 6 500.0 500.0 314.9 500.0 0.00 59 50 20620 -59.9 -87.9 1 28.0 -60.5 130 16 502.3 502.3 315.1 502.3 0.00 60 49 20746 -60.7 -88.7 1 28.0 -61.2 126 15 503.3 503.3 315.2 503.4 0.00 61 47 21004 -61.1 -89.1 1 28.0 -61.6 144 14 508.4 508.4 315.5 508.4 0.00 62 41 21858 -57.3 -86.3 1 29.0 -58.2 203 21 538.1 538.1 317.4 538.2 0.01 63 39 22175 -54.7 -83.7 2 29.0 -56.0 246 16 552.5 552.5 318.2 552.5 0.01 64 36 22685 -56.1 -84.1 2 28.0 -57.3 291 6 561.6 561.6 318.8 561.7 0.01 65 34 23048 -55.5 -83.5 2 28.0 -56.8 100 5 572.5 572.5 319.3 572.5 0.01 66 31 23633 -57.5 -84.5 2 27.0 -58.7 83 17 582.4 582.4 319.8 582.5 0.01 67 30 23840 -57.3 -84.3 2 27.0 -58.5 85 6 588.4 588.4 320.0 588.5 0.01 68 28 24276 -57.9 -83.9 2 26.0 -59.1 128 7 598.5 598.5 320.5 598.6 0.01 69 27 24506 -57.7 -83.7 2 26.0 -59.0 84 6 605.3 605.3 320.9 605.4 0.01 70 25 24993 -56.5 -83.5 2 27.0 -58.0 21 8 622.2 622.2 321.6 622.3 0.01 71 20 26420 -53.5 -80.5 2 27.0 -56.0 80 11 672.4 672.4 323.5 672.7 0.03 72 19 26750 -53.3 -80.3 2 27.0 -55.9 73 11 683.0 683.0 323.9 683.2 0.03 73 17 27470 -50.9 -78.9 2 28.0 -54.5 120 5 712.7 712.8 324.8 713.1 0.05 74 16 27866 -49.7 -77.7 2 28.0 -53.8 95 5 729.1 729.2 325.3 729.7 0.06 75 16 27866 -49.9 -76.9 3 27.0 -53.9 95 5 728.5 728.5 325.3 729.1 0.07 76 13 29240 -44.3 -73.3 3 29.0 -51.1 244 13 792.4 792.5 327.1 793.9 0.15 77 12 29775 -45.5 -72.5 3 27.0 -52.0 293 19 806.5 806.6 327.4 808.3 0.18 78 11 30358 -43.5 -71.5 3 28.0 -51.2 296 19 834.1 834.2 328.1 836.4 0.22 79 10 31000 -42.9 -70.9 3 28.0 -51.4 290 17 859.4 859.5 328.7 862.3 0.27 80 10 31000 -42.9 -70.9 3 28.0 -51.4 290 17 859.4 859.5 328.7 862.3 0.27 81 9.5 31348 -42.1 -70.1 3 28.0 -51.1 289 18 875.1 875.3 329.0 878.6 0.32 82 8.6 32026 -40.3 -69.3 3 29.0 -50.7 288 20 907.4 907.6 329.7 911.9 0.39 83 8.1 32436 -39.1 -68.1 3 29.0 -50.4 287 22 927.9 928.1 330.1 933.6 0.49 84 7.8 32695 -39.7 -67.7 3 28.0 -50.8 287 23 935.5 935.8 330.2 941.9 0.54 85 7.6 32873 -39.9 -67.9 3 28.0 -51.0 286 23 941.7 942.0 330.3 948.1 0.54 86 7.0 33440 -37.1 -66.1 3 29.0 -50.2 285 25 975.7 976.1 330.9 984.9 0.75 87 6.8 33641 -35.7 -65.7 3 30.0 -49.8 989.6 990.1 331.2 999.8 0.82 88 6.1 34400 -33.3 -63.3 3 30.0 -49.3 1031.2 1032.0 331.9 1047.5 1.26 89 5.9 34634 -34.1 -63.1 4 29.0 -49.6 1037.6 1038.4 332.0 1055.0 1.34 TRP 180 12688 -63.9 -68.9 50 5.0 -64.0 230 100 341.7 341.7 294.7 341.8 0.02 WND 213 11650 -60.0 -64.3 56 4.4 -60.0 210 125 331.8 331.8 292.2 331.9 0.03 Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5684.00 m Freezing level: 653.53 mb = 3661.56 m = 12012.86 ft Wetbulb zero: 696.04 mb = 3140.62 m = 10303.75 ft Precipitable water: 0.52 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 36.40 % Est. max temperature: 25.77 C = 78.38 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 687.13 mb = 3244.21 m = 10643.61 ft T: 3.68 C 700-500 lapse rate: 7.15 C/km ThetaE index: 5.62 C Layer 886.0- 850.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 580.75 mb = 4585.37 m = 15043.68 ft Mean mixing ratio: 3.93 g/kg Conv temperature: 29.67 C = 85.40 F Cap Strength: 3.76 C Lifted Index: 4.13 C Risk: None Lifted Index @300 mb: 7.35 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 2.72 C Showalter Index: 4.71 C Risk: None Total Totals Index: 42.60 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 32.30 C Cross Totals Index: 10.30 C K Index: 18.70 Risk: < 20 % chance of thunderstorms Sweat Index: 110.00 Risk: None Energy Index: 0.46 Risk: None Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 8.37 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 4.09 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 59974.80 J/kg Cap Strength: 4.13 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 630.31 mb = 3938.50 m = 12921.43 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): -1.00 mb = -9999.00 m = -9999.00 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 254 at 31 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 911 872 280 6 5.9 -1.0 | 68 26 -23.9 -9.6 1 907 914 255 15 14.5 3.9 | 73 16 -15.4 -4.7 2 875 1219 275 19 18.9 -1.7 | 47 15 -10.9 -10.2 3 850 1473 270 25 25.0 -0.0 | 30 10 -4.8 -8.6 4 845 1524 270 24 24.0 -0.0 | 34 10 -5.8 -8.6 5 815 1829 265 24 23.9 2.1 | 43 9 -5.9 -6.5 6 785 2134 255 29 28.0 7.5 | 60 2 -1.8 -1.0 7 757 2438 235 27 22.1 15.5 | 132 10 -7.7 6.9 8 730 2743 220 24 15.4 18.4 | 124 17 -14.4 9.8 9 704 3048 215 28 16.1 22.9 | 136 20 -13.8 14.4 10 700 3095 215 31 17.8 25.4 | 144 21 -12.1 16.8 11 677 3353 215 29 16.6 23.8 | 139 20 -13.2 15.2 12 652 3658 205 31 13.1 28.1 | 139 26 -16.7 19.5 13 627 3962 210 36 18.0 31.2 | 152 26 -11.8 22.6 14 603 4267 200 40 13.7 37.6 | 151 33 -16.2 29.0 15 580 4572 200 38 13.0 35.7 | 148 32 -16.8 27.2 16 558 4877 210 42 21.0 36.4 | 162 29 -8.8 27.8 17 516 5486 220 50 32.1 38.3 | 184 30 2.3 29.7 18 500 5740 220 60 38.6 46.0 | 193 38 8.7 37.4 19 477 6096 225 71 50.2 50.2 | 206 46 20.4 41.6 20 458 6401 230 81 62.0 52.1 | 217 54 32.2 43.5 21 439 6706 230 83 63.6 53.4 | 217 56 33.7 44.8 22 422 7010 220 83 53.4 63.6 | 203 60 23.5 55.0 23 400 7400 215 88 50.5 72.1 | 198 67 20.6 63.5 24 388 7620 215 88 50.5 72.1 | 198 67 20.6 63.5 25 371 7925 210 90 45.0 77.9 | 192 71 15.2 69.4 26 355 8230 215 94 53.9 77.0 | 199 73 24.1 68.4 27 340 8534 210 94 47.0 81.4 | 193 75 17.2 72.9 28 312 9144 210 93 46.5 80.5 | 193 74 16.7 72.0 29 300 9420 210 99 49.5 85.7 | 194 80 19.7 77.2 30 299 9449 210 98 49.0 84.9 | 194 79 19.2 76.3 31 285 9754 210 101 50.5 87.5 | 195 82 20.7 78.9 32 260 10363 210 114 57.0 98.7 | 197 94 27.2 90.2 33 250 10630 210 117 58.5 101.3 | 197 97 28.7 92.8 34 249 10668 210 116 58.0 100.5 | 197 96 28.2 91.9 35 226 11278 210 121 60.5 104.8 | 198 101 30.7 96.2 36 215 11582 215 123 70.5 100.8 | 204 101 40.7 92.2 37 213 11650 210 125 62.5 108.3 | 198 105 32.7 99.7 38 205 11887 210 125 62.5 108.3 | 198 105 32.7 99.7 39 200 12040 215 119 68.3 97.5 | 203 97 38.4 88.9 40 180 12688 230 100 76.6 64.3 | 220 73 46.8 55.7 41 168 13106 230 97 74.3 62.4 | 220 70 44.5 53.8 42 160 13411 230 100 76.6 64.3 | 220 73 46.8 55.7 43 153 13716 240 71 61.5 35.5 | 230 42 31.6 26.9 44 150 13830 250 70 65.8 23.9 | 247 39 35.9 15.4 45 146 14021 250 68 63.9 23.3 | 247 37 34.1 14.7 46 139 14326 235 56 45.9 32.1 | 214 29 16.0 23.6 47 132 14630 230 58 44.4 37.3 | 207 32 14.6 28.7 48 126 14935 220 57 36.6 43.7 | 191 36 6.8 35.1 49 120 15240 215 59 33.8 48.3 | 186 40 4.0 39.8 50 114 15545 220 56 36.0 42.9 | 190 35 6.2 34.3 51 109 15850 220 53 34.1 40.6 | 188 32 4.2 32.0 52 104 16154 215 57 32.7 46.7 | 184 38 2.9 38.1 53 100 16370 230 48 36.8 30.9 | 197 23 6.9 22.3 54 99 16459 230 48 36.8 30.9 | 197 23 6.9 22.3 55 94 16764 230 45 34.5 28.9 | 193 21 4.6 20.4 56 89 17069 235 54 44.2 31.0 | 213 27 14.4 22.4 57 85 17374 240 57 49.4 28.5 | 224 28 19.5 19.9 58 81 17678 255 43 41.5 11.1 | 258 12 11.7 2.6 59 77 17983 260 44 43.3 7.6 | 274 14 13.5 -0.9 60 73 18288 235 23 18.8 13.2 | 113 12 -11.0 4.6 61 70 18550 200 19 6.5 17.9 | 112 25 -23.3 9.3 62 66 18898 190 19 3.3 18.7 | 111 28 -26.5 10.2 63 63 19202 225 30 21.2 21.2 | 146 15 -8.6 12.7 64 60 19507 255 34 32.8 8.8 | 265 3 3.0 0.2 65 57 19812 280 29 28.6 -5.0 | 5 14 -1.3 -13.6 66 54 20117 250 20 18.8 6.8 | 81 11 -11.0 -1.7 67 52 20422 220 4 2.6 3.1 | 79 28 -27.3 -5.5 68 50 20620 130 16 -12.3 10.3 | 92 42 -42.1 1.7 69 49 20726 125 15 -12.3 8.6 | 90 42 -42.1 0.0 70 47 21031 145 14 -8.0 11.5 | 94 38 -37.9 2.9 71 45 21336 175 13 -1.1 13.0 | 98 31 -31.0 4.4 72 43 21641 180 16 0.0 16.0 | 104 31 -29.8 7.4 73 41 21946 210 22 11.0 19.1 | 119 22 -18.8 10.5 74 39 22250 255 14 13.5 3.6 | 73 17 -16.3 -4.9 75 37 22555 355 6 0.5 -6.0 | 64 33 -29.3 -14.5 76 35 22860 210 6 3.0 5.2 | 83 27 -26.8 -3.4 77 33 23165 35 5 -2.9 -4.1 | 69 35 -32.7 -12.7 78 32 23470 70 18 -16.9 -6.2 | 73 49 -46.8 -14.7 79 30 23774 95 16 -15.9 1.4 | 81 46 -45.8 -7.2 80 30 23840 85 6 -6.0 -0.5 | 76 37 -35.8 -9.1 81 29 24079 85 6 -6.0 -0.5 | 76 37 -35.8 -9.1 82 28 24384 150 8 -4.0 6.9 | 87 34 -33.8 -1.6 83 26 24689 350 3 0.5 -3.0 | 69 31 -29.3 -11.5 84 25 24994 20 8 -2.7 -7.5 | 64 36 -32.6 -16.1 85 24 25298 75 9 -8.7 -2.3 | 74 40 -38.5 -10.9 86 23 25603 95 12 -12.0 1.0 | 80 42 -41.8 -7.5 87 22 25908 85 10 -10.0 -0.9 | 77 41 -39.8 -9.4 88 21 26213 100 11 -10.8 1.9 | 81 41 -40.7 -6.6 89 20 26420 80 11 -10.8 -1.9 | 76 42 -40.7 -10.5 90 20 26518 65 9 -8.2 -3.8 | 72 40 -38.0 -12.4 91 19 26822 75 11 -10.6 -2.8 | 74 42 -40.5 -11.4 92 18 27127 90 10 -10.0 0.0 | 78 41 -39.8 -8.6 93 17 27432 125 5 -4.1 2.9 | 80 34 -33.9 -5.7 94 16 27737 100 3 -3.0 0.5 | 76 34 -32.8 -8.0 95 16 28042 90 6 -6.0 0.0 | 77 37 -35.8 -8.6 96 14 28651 195 13 3.4 12.6 | 99 27 -26.5 4.0 97 14 28956 215 10 5.7 8.2 | 89 24 -24.1 -0.4 98 12 29870 300 20 17.3 -10.0 | 34 22 -12.5 -18.6 99 10 31000 290 17 16.0 -5.8 | 44 20 -13.9 -14.4 100 7 33440 285 25 24.1 -6.5 | 21 16 -5.7 -15.0 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 224.0 at 41.4 knts Storm direction: 254.0 at 31.0 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 0.0 neg: 5.7 tot: 5.7 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 80.3 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 69.4 neg: -46.0 tot: 23.4 m^2/s^2 ave: 7.8 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.09 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 11.3 stream: 1.0 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.00 Bulk Rich Number: 0.06 Bulk Shear: 130.35 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 269 18 56 15| 0.0 17.2 17.2| 1.8 -29.6 -27.8 -55.6 -0.38| 20.1 -7.7 1000 268 21 49 12| 0.0 9.8 9.8| 7.2 -34.0 -26.8 -26.8 -0.27| 13.2 -3.5 1500 262 23 52 9| 0.0 8.0 8.0| 12.4 -34.0 -21.6 -14.4 -0.03| 13.5 -0.4 2000 253 24 78 7| 0.0 6.0 6.0| 18.7 -38.9 -20.2 -10.1 -0.03| 12.9 -0.3 2500 244 25 108 8| 0.0 5.6 5.6| 41.6 -46.0 -4.4 -1.7 0.03| 11.7 0.4 3000 236 26 125 10| 0.0 5.7 5.7| 69.4 -46.0 23.4 7.8 0.09| 11.3 1.0 4000 224 29 143 16| 1.0 5.0 5.9|141.3 -65.5 75.8 19.0 0.15| 10.9 1.7 5000 222 34 156 18| 3.2 4.0 7.2|313.5 -65.5 247.9 49.6 0.30| 11.4 3.4 6000 224 41 177 21| 4.3 3.9 8.2|509.8-180.2 329.6 54.9 0.29| 12.0 3.5 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KMAF/skewt/KMAF.skewt.20250419.12.gif