UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025122500.upa.cvt Date: 0000Z 25 DEC 25 Searching for KIAD... Searching the city database file for: KIAD ... Date:0000Z 25 DEC 25 Station: KIAD WMO ident: 72403 Latitude: 38.95 Longitude: -77.45 Elevation: 98.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SFC 1015 98 6.8 -5.2 42 12.0 2.1 0 0 278.8 279.2 274.5 285.9 2.55 1 1014 105 9.4 -5.6 34 15.0 3.4 1 0 281.4 281.9 275.9 288.5 2.48 2 1010 136 10.0 -7.0 29 17.0 3.4 7 2 282.3 282.7 276.0 288.8 2.23 3 1008 151 10.0 -7.0 29 17.0 3.4 9 2 282.5 282.9 276.1 289.0 2.24 4 1005 174 10.0 -7.0 29 17.0 3.4 13 3 282.7 283.1 276.3 289.2 2.25 5 1000 212 9.6 -7.4 29 17.0 3.0 20 5 282.8 283.1 276.2 289.1 2.19 6 985 337 8.6 -7.4 31 16.0 2.4 1 6 283.0 283.4 276.3 289.4 2.22 7 925 854 6.2 -11.8 26 18.0 -0.1 310 15 285.6 285.9 276.9 290.6 1.67 8 902 1060 4.4 -14.6 24 19.0 -1.7 332 15 285.9 286.1 276.6 289.9 1.36 9 888 1187 4.0 -25.0 10 29.0 -3.3 346 14 286.7 286.8 275.9 288.5 0.57 10 879 1270 5.4 348 15 289.0 11 850 1543 4.0 -38.0 3 42.0 -4.3 340 18 290.3 290.4 277.1 290.9 0.17 12 779 2245 -0.9 -43.9 2 43.0 -7.9 322 27 292.4 292.4 278.0 292.8 0.10 13 751 2537 -0.9 -31.9 7 31.0 -7.6 322 35 295.5 295.5 279.8 296.7 0.35 14 734 2719 0.0 -28.0 10 28.0 -6.8 316 39 298.4 298.5 281.4 300.1 0.52 15 730 2763 -0.3 -25.3 13 25.0 -6.8 315 40 298.5 298.7 281.7 300.7 0.67 16 727 2796 -0.5 -17.5 26 17.0 -5.8 316 41 298.7 298.9 282.5 302.9 1.33 17 716 2918 -1.7 -10.7 50 9.0 -5.0 318 42 298.7 299.1 283.8 305.9 2.36 18 709 2996 -1.9 -10.9 50 9.0 -5.2 319 42 299.3 299.7 284.0 306.5 2.35 19 701 3086 -2.3 -16.3 33 14.0 -6.8 316 42 299.8 300.1 283.2 304.6 1.53 20 700 3097 -2.3 -14.3 39 12.0 -6.4 315 42 299.9 300.3 283.6 305.6 1.80 21 687 3246 -3.1 -11.1 54 8.0 -6.0 316 43 300.7 301.1 284.6 308.0 2.38 22 618 4075 -9.5 -12.9 76 3.4 -10.6 320 48 302.6 303.0 285.2 309.7 2.29 23 609 4188 -9.7 -14.4 69 4.7 -11.2 320 48 303.6 304.0 285.4 310.1 2.06 24 595 4368 -11.1 -14.7 75 3.6 -12.2 321 49 304.0 304.4 285.5 310.5 2.05 25 593 4394 -10.9 -15.2 71 4.3 -12.3 321 50 304.5 304.9 285.6 310.8 1.98 26 580 4564 -11.3 -17.3 61 6.0 -13.1 322 50 306.0 306.3 285.8 311.4 1.70 27 567 4738 -12.1 -19.1 56 7.0 -14.1 324 51 307.0 307.3 286.0 311.9 1.49 28 559 4847 -12.5 -20.5 51 8.0 -14.7 325 52 307.8 308.1 286.1 312.2 1.34 29 554 4915 -12.9 -21.9 47 9.0 -15.2 325 52 308.1 308.4 286.1 312.1 1.19 30 534 5195 -14.7 -21.7 55 7.0 -16.5 323 55 309.2 309.5 286.5 313.4 1.26 31 517 5440 -16.7 -20.7 71 4.0 -17.7 322 57 309.7 310.0 286.9 314.4 1.42 32 500 5690 -18.9 -22.0 76 3.1 -19.7 320 60 310.0 310.2 286.9 314.3 1.31 33 476 6054 -21.9 -23.8 85 1.9 -22.3 316 62 310.7 310.9 286.9 314.6 1.18 34 400 7310 -30.5 -33.6 74 3.1 -30.9 315 75 315.3 315.5 287.9 317.3 0.56 35 362 8012 -35.5 -38.9 71 3.4 -35.8 308 84 317.8 317.9 288.5 319.1 0.36 36 330 8652 -39.1 -43.5 63 4.4 -39.4 306 93 321.4 321.4 289.5 322.3 0.25 37 320 8862 -39.9 -44.8 59 4.9 -40.2 305 96 323.1 323.2 289.9 323.9 0.22 38 300 9300 -43.5 -48.2 60 4.7 -43.7 310 100 324.0 324.1 290.2 324.7 0.16 39 275 9879 -47.5 -51.8 61 4.3 -47.7 306 107 326.4 326.5 290.8 326.9 0.12 40 266 10098 -49.7 -53.3 66 3.6 -49.8 305 109 326.3 326.4 290.8 326.7 0.10 41 262 10197 -50.5 -55.0 59 4.5 -50.7 305 108 326.6 326.6 290.8 326.9 0.08 42 254 10398 -52.3 -57.0 57 4.7 -52.4 306 107 326.8 326.8 290.9 327.1 0.07 43 250 10500 -52.9 -57.5 57 4.6 -53.0 310 112 327.4 327.4 291.0 327.7 0.06 44 245 10630 -53.5 -58.0 58 4.5 -53.6 309 117 328.4 328.4 291.3 328.7 0.06 45 242 10709 -53.7 -58.6 55 4.9 -53.8 308 120 329.3 329.3 291.6 329.5 0.06 46 231 11007 -55.7 -60.3 56 4.6 -55.8 305 131 330.6 330.7 291.9 330.8 0.05 47 220 11316 -58.3 -63.3 53 5.0 -58.4 305 135 331.3 331.3 292.1 331.4 0.03 48 209 11637 -60.7 -65.6 52 4.9 -60.7 305 140 332.4 332.4 292.4 332.5 0.03 49 208 11667 -61.0 -65.5 55 4.6 -61.0 305 140 332.5 332.5 292.4 332.6 0.03 50 206 11727 -61.5 -65.4 60 3.9 -61.6 305 139 332.5 332.6 292.4 332.7 0.03 51 202 11848 -61.5 -64.2 70 2.7 -61.6 305 140 334.4 334.4 292.9 334.6 0.03 52 201 11879 -61.3 -65.0 61 3.7 -61.3 305 140 335.2 335.2 293.2 335.3 0.03 53 200 11910 -61.1 -65.7 54 4.6 -61.2 305 135 336.0 336.0 293.3 336.1 0.03 54 198 11972 -60.3 -68.3 34 8.0 -60.4 305 134 338.2 338.2 293.9 338.3 0.02 55 197 12004 -60.5 -69.5 30 9.0 -60.6 305 133 338.4 338.4 293.9 338.5 0.02 56 195 12067 -61.1 -70.1 29 9.0 -61.2 304 132 338.4 338.4 294.0 338.5 0.02 57 193 12130 -61.3 -70.3 29 9.0 -61.4 304 131 339.1 339.1 294.1 339.2 0.02 58 188 12293 -58.5 -75.5 9 17.0 -58.7 303 128 346.2 346.2 295.8 346.2 0.01 59 150 13700 -60.3 -82.3 4 22.0 -60.5 310 118 366.2 366.2 299.9 366.2 0.00 60 134 14399 -61.9 -84.9 3 23.0 -62.1 308 101 375.4 375.4 301.5 375.4 0.00 61 100 16190 -65.5 -89.5 2 24.0 -65.7 310 88 401.2 401.2 305.3 401.2 0.00 62 98 16313 -65.7 -89.7 2 24.0 -65.8 310 88 403.1 403.1 305.6 403.1 0.00 63 91 16764 -65.3 -89.3 2 24.0 -65.5 313 84 412.5 412.5 306.8 412.5 0.00 64 88 16969 -63.1 -88.1 2 25.0 -63.3 314 81 420.9 420.9 307.8 420.9 0.00 65 77 17788 -64.9 -87.9 3 23.0 -65.1 308 48 433.6 433.6 309.2 433.6 0.00 66 73 18114 -63.9 -87.9 2 24.0 -64.1 303 49 442.3 442.3 310.1 442.3 0.00 67 70 18370 -65.9 -88.9 3 23.0 -66.1 300 40 443.4 443.4 310.2 443.4 0.00 68 63 19003 -69.3 -90.3 3 21.0 -69.4 283 46 449.5 449.5 310.8 449.5 0.00 69 61 19196 -67.7 -89.7 3 22.0 -67.9 275 49 457.2 457.2 311.5 457.2 0.00 70 55 19813 -71.3 -90.3 4 19.0 -71.4 288 53 462.7 462.7 312.0 462.7 0.00 71 53 20033 -69.5 -90.5 3 21.0 -69.6 293 54 471.8 471.8 312.8 471.8 0.00 72 52 20146 -70.7 -90.7 4 20.0 -70.8 296 54 471.6 471.6 312.8 471.6 0.00 73 50 20380 -67.7 -90.7 2 23.0 -67.9 305 48 484.0 484.0 313.8 484.0 0.00 74 49 20502 -67.5 -90.5 2 23.0 -67.7 306 48 487.2 487.2 314.0 487.2 0.00 75 48 20626 -67.5 -90.5 2 23.0 -67.7 308 47 490.1 490.1 314.2 490.1 0.00 76 43 21286 -69.1 -91.1 3 22.0 -69.3 295 40 501.8 501.8 315.1 501.9 0.00 77 40 21725 -62.9 -89.9 1 27.0 -63.4 280 32 527.9 527.9 316.8 527.9 0.00 78 38 22041 -62.5 -89.5 1 27.0 -63.0 287 40 536.7 536.7 317.3 536.7 0.00 79 33 22905 -65.5 -91.5 2 26.0 -65.9 292 50 550.9 550.9 318.1 550.9 0.00 80 32 23093 -64.5 -90.5 2 26.0 -65.0 286 46 558.4 558.4 318.6 558.4 0.00 TRP 206 11727 -61.5 -65.4 60 3.9 -61.6 305 139 332.5 332.6 292.4 332.7 0.03 WND 208 11667 -61.0 -65.5 55 4.6 -61.0 305 140 332.5 332.5 292.4 332.6 0.03 Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5478.00 m Freezing level: 792.04 mb = 2115.84 m = 6941.64 ft Freezing level: 734.00 mb = 2719.46 m = 8922.00 ft Freezing level: 734.00 mb = 2719.46 m = 8922.00 ft Wetbulb zero: 927.32 mb = 833.40 m = 2734.21 ft Precipitable water: 0.34 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 40.74 % Est. max temperature: 17.73 C = 63.92 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 843.56 mb = 1604.22 m = 5263.14 ft T: 3.57 C 700-500 lapse rate: 6.40 C/km ThetaE index: 2.09 C Layer 902.0- 879.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 516.54 mb = 5446.25 m = 17868.07 ft Mean mixing ratio: 2.00 g/kg Conv temperature: 37.88 C = 100.19 F Cap Strength: 17.59 C Lifted Index: 17.50 C Risk: None Lifted Index @300 mb: 24.33 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 13.44 C Showalter Index: 16.12 C Risk: None Total Totals Index: 3.80 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 22.90 C Cross Totals Index: -19.10 C K Index: -27.10 Risk: None Sweat Index: 96.00 Risk: None Energy Index: 4.87 Risk: None Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 11.36 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 4.77 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 39675.24 J/kg Cap Strength: 17.59 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 742.71 mb = 2625.28 m = 8613.02 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): -1.00 mb = -9999.00 m = -9999.00 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 352 at 28 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 1015 98 0 0 -0.0 -0.0 | 172 28 -4.0 27.3 1 1000 212 20 5 -1.7 -4.7 | 166 23 -5.7 22.6 2 989 305 5 5 -0.4 -5.0 | 169 23 -4.4 22.3 3 953 610 325 12 6.9 -9.8 | 189 18 2.9 17.5 4 925 854 310 15 11.5 -9.6 | 203 19 7.5 17.7 5 918 914 315 15 10.6 -10.6 | 202 18 6.6 16.7 6 884 1219 350 14 2.4 -13.8 | 173 14 -1.6 13.5 7 850 1543 340 18 6.2 -16.9 | 192 11 2.2 10.4 8 820 1829 330 19 9.5 -16.5 | 207 12 5.5 10.8 9 790 2134 320 25 16.1 -19.2 | 236 15 12.1 8.1 10 760 2438 325 32 18.4 -26.2 | 266 14 14.4 1.1 11 732 2743 315 40 28.3 -28.3 | 272 24 24.3 -1.0 12 704 3048 320 43 27.6 -32.9 | 283 24 23.6 -5.6 13 700 3097 315 42 29.7 -29.7 | 275 26 25.7 -2.4 14 651 3658 320 45 28.9 -34.5 | 286 26 24.9 -7.2 15 601 4267 320 49 31.5 -37.5 | 290 29 27.5 -10.2 16 556 4877 325 52 29.8 -42.6 | 301 30 25.8 -15.3 17 500 5690 320 60 38.6 -46.0 | 298 39 34.6 -18.7 18 473 6096 315 62 43.8 -43.8 | 293 43 39.9 -16.5 19 400 7310 315 75 53.0 -53.0 | 298 55 49.0 -25.7 20 382 7620 310 78 59.8 -50.1 | 292 60 55.8 -22.8 21 321 8839 305 96 78.6 -55.1 | 290 80 74.6 -27.8 22 307 9144 310 100 76.6 -64.3 | 297 81 72.6 -37.0 23 300 9300 310 100 76.6 -64.3 | 297 81 72.6 -37.0 24 267 10058 305 109 89.3 -62.5 | 292 92 85.3 -35.2 25 255 10363 305 106 86.8 -60.8 | 292 89 82.8 -33.5 26 250 10500 310 112 85.8 -72.0 | 299 93 81.8 -44.7 27 232 10973 305 131 107.3 -75.1 | 295 114 103.3 -47.8 28 208 11667 305 140 114.7 -80.3 | 296 123 110.7 -53.0 29 206 11727 305 139 113.9 -79.7 | 296 122 109.9 -52.4 30 201 11887 305 140 114.7 -80.3 | 296 123 110.7 -53.0 31 200 11910 305 135 110.6 -77.4 | 295 118 106.6 -50.1 32 165 13106 300 113 97.9 -56.5 | 287 98 93.9 -29.2 33 150 13700 310 118 90.4 -75.8 | 299 99 86.4 -48.6 34 142 14021 310 117 89.6 -75.2 | 299 98 85.6 -47.9 35 123 14935 305 78 63.9 -44.7 | 286 62 59.9 -17.4 36 117 15240 295 85 77.0 -35.9 | 277 74 73.0 -8.6 37 111 15545 300 97 84.0 -48.5 | 285 83 80.0 -21.2 38 100 16190 310 88 67.4 -56.6 | 295 70 63.4 -29.3 39 96 16459 310 88 67.4 -56.6 | 295 70 63.4 -29.3 40 87 17069 315 80 56.6 -56.6 | 299 60 52.6 -29.3 41 78 17678 310 48 36.8 -30.9 | 276 33 32.8 -3.6 42 71 18288 300 49 42.4 -24.5 | 266 39 38.4 2.8 43 70 18370 300 40 34.6 -20.0 | 257 32 30.7 7.3 44 67 18593 300 40 34.6 -20.0 | 257 32 30.7 7.3 45 61 19202 275 49 48.8 -4.3 | 243 50 44.8 23.0 46 52 20117 295 55 49.8 -23.2 | 265 46 45.9 4.0 47 50 20380 305 48 39.3 -27.5 | 270 35 35.3 -0.2 48 46 20726 310 47 36.0 -30.2 | 275 32 32.0 -2.9 49 40 21336 280 32 31.5 -5.6 | 232 35 27.5 21.7 50 35 21946 300 55 47.6 -27.5 | 270 44 43.6 -0.2 51 30 22555 275 39 38.9 -3.4 | 236 42 34.9 23.9 52 28 22860 285 33 31.9 -8.5 | 236 34 27.9 18.8 53 26 23165 265 28 27.9 2.4 | 219 38 23.9 29.7 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 321.7 at 36.8 knts Storm direction: 351.7 at 27.6 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 1.2 neg: 6.4 tot: 7.6 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 103.7 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 160.4 neg: -59.1 tot: 101.4 m^2/s^2 ave: 33.8 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.39 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 11.3 stream: 4.4 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.01 Bulk Rich Number: 0.09 Bulk Shear: 128.44 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 347 6 173 21| 0.0 12.1 12.1| 36.3 -14.0 22.4 44.8 0.35| 14.8 5.2 1000 327 10 185 19| 1.8 6.0 7.8| 57.4 -30.9 26.5 26.5 0.22| 12.7 2.8 1500 335 12 184 16| 2.4 4.0 6.5| 68.9 -41.1 27.8 18.5 0.19| 11.3 2.2 2000 332 14 190 15| 1.8 4.9 6.7| 95.6 -41.1 54.5 27.2 0.35| 10.7 3.8 2500 329 17 202 13| 1.5 6.4 7.8|132.8 -41.1 91.7 36.7 0.44| 11.3 5.0 3000 325 21 220 13| 1.2 6.4 7.6|160.4 -59.1 101.4 33.8 0.39| 11.3 4.4 4000 322 27 246 14| 1.8 4.8 6.6|204.6 -59.1 145.5 36.4 0.44| 9.5 4.2 5000 322 32 263 16| 2.2 3.8 6.0|250.2 -61.1 189.0 37.8 0.46| 8.5 3.9 6000 322 37 275 19| 1.8 4.0 5.8|250.2-117.3 132.8 22.1 0.34| 8.1 2.8 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KIAD/skewt/KIAD.skewt.20251225.00.gif