UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025122400.upa.cvt Date: 0000Z 24 DEC 25 Searching for KIAD... Searching the city database file for: KIAD ... Date:0000Z 24 DEC 25 Station: KIAD WMO ident: 72403 Latitude: 38.95 Longitude: -77.45 Elevation: 98.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SFC 1007 98 7.2 2.7 73 4.5 5.1 0 0 279.8 280.6 277.9 292.5 4.61 1 1002 131 8.2 2.2 66 6.0 5.4 249 3 281.2 282.0 278.4 293.6 4.47 2 1000 144 8.4 2.4 66 6.0 5.5 205 4 281.5 282.3 278.7 294.2 4.54 3 985 269 9.0 2.0 61 7.0 5.6 228 12 283.4 284.1 279.5 296.0 4.48 4 974 363 11.6 3.6 58 8.0 7.5 244 15 286.9 287.8 281.9 301.3 5.08 5 969 406 11.6 3.6 58 8.0 7.5 250 15 287.3 288.2 282.1 301.8 5.11 6 966 432 11.6 3.6 58 8.0 7.5 254 16 287.6 288.5 282.3 302.2 5.13 7 955 527 11.2 4.2 62 7.0 7.6 268 17 288.1 289.1 282.8 303.5 5.41 8 925 793 9.4 4.6 72 4.8 6.9 280 28 288.9 289.9 283.5 305.3 5.75 9 896 1057 8.0 4.5 79 3.5 6.2 287 34 290.1 291.2 284.2 307.0 5.90 10 850 1489 4.0 3.4 96 0.6 3.7 290 39 290.3 291.4 284.1 306.8 5.75 11 841 1575 3.2 3.1 99 0.1 3.1 293 41 290.4 291.4 284.1 306.7 5.69 12 819 1790 1.8 1.6 99 0.2 1.7 299 44 291.1 292.0 283.9 306.2 5.25 13 814 1839 2.6 -0.1 82 2.7 1.3 300 45 292.5 293.3 283.8 306.0 4.66 14 813 1849 2.8 -0.4 79 3.2 1.3 301 45 292.8 293.6 283.8 306.1 4.57 15 810 1879 5.6 -2.4 56 8.0 1.9 302 45 296.1 296.8 284.5 307.8 3.95 16 809 1890 6.0 -2.0 56 8.0 2.2 302 45 296.6 297.3 284.8 308.7 4.08 17 807 1910 7.2 -3.8 45 11.0 2.2 303 45 298.1 298.7 284.9 308.8 3.57 18 747 2541 3.2 -2.8 65 6.0 0.4 312 47 300.4 301.2 286.4 313.0 4.16 19 729 2739 2.8 -14.2 27 17.0 -3.3 315 45 302.1 302.4 284.4 307.6 1.75 20 725 2783 2.6 -13.4 30 16.0 -3.3 314 46 302.3 302.7 284.7 308.2 1.87 21 700 3066 0.4 -13.6 34 14.0 -4.6 310 51 302.9 303.3 284.9 309.0 1.91 22 676 3344 -1.9 -12.9 43 11.0 -5.8 305 55 303.4 303.8 285.3 310.0 2.09 23 671 3403 -2.3 -14.3 39 12.0 -6.5 306 54 303.6 303.9 285.1 309.5 1.88 24 669 3427 -2.5 -15.5 36 13.0 -6.9 306 54 303.6 303.9 284.9 309.1 1.71 25 665 3475 -1.9 -21.9 20 20.0 -7.7 307 53 304.8 305.0 284.6 308.1 1.00 26 654 3607 -3.1 -21.1 23 18.0 -8.4 309 51 304.9 305.1 284.7 308.5 1.09 27 652 3631 -3.3 -23.3 20 20.0 -8.8 309 51 305.0 305.1 284.5 307.9 0.90 28 645 3716 -2.7 -50.7 1 48.0 -10.0 310 51 306.6 306.6 284.1 306.8 0.06 29 624 3978 -4.5 310 54 307.4 30 603 4247 -5.7 -33.7 9 28.0 -11.6 310 58 309.1 309.1 285.4 310.4 0.37 31 597 4325 -6.3 -25.3 21 19.0 -11.2 310 59 309.3 309.4 286.1 312.0 0.82 32 594 4364 -6.5 -25.5 21 19.0 -11.4 309 59 309.5 309.6 286.1 312.2 0.81 33 568 4712 -9.9 -24.9 28 15.0 -13.6 307 60 309.5 309.6 286.2 312.5 0.89 34 562 4793 -10.5 -26.5 26 16.0 -14.3 306 60 309.7 309.9 286.2 312.3 0.78 35 537 5142 -13.3 -26.3 33 13.0 -16.3 301 66 310.4 310.6 286.5 313.2 0.83 36 526 5299 -14.7 -23.7 46 9.0 -16.9 301 68 310.6 310.8 286.8 314.2 1.07 37 507 5576 -17.3 -24.3 54 7.0 -18.9 304 72 310.7 310.9 286.8 314.2 1.06 38 500 5680 -17.9 -24.9 54 7.0 -19.5 305 73 311.2 311.4 286.9 314.6 1.01 39 498 5710 -18.3 -24.3 59 6.0 -19.7 305 73 311.1 311.3 287.0 314.7 1.07 40 495 5755 -18.5 -26.5 49 8.0 -20.2 306 73 311.4 311.5 286.9 314.4 0.89 41 493 5785 -18.5 -29.5 37 11.0 -20.6 306 73 311.7 311.9 286.8 314.0 0.67 42 488 5861 -19.1 -29.1 41 10.0 -21.0 307 74 311.9 312.0 286.9 314.3 0.71 43 480 5983 -19.7 -35.7 23 16.0 -22.2 309 74 312.6 312.7 286.7 314.0 0.38 44 477 6029 -19.9 -36.9 21 17.0 -22.5 309 75 313.0 313.0 286.8 314.2 0.34 45 449 6475 -22.3 -43.3 13 21.0 -24.8 310 78 315.4 315.4 287.5 316.1 0.18 46 426 6857 -25.7 -40.7 23 15.0 -27.5 310 81 315.8 315.9 287.7 316.8 0.26 47 415 7046 -26.5 -46.5 13 20.0 -28.5 310 83 317.2 317.2 288.0 317.7 0.14 48 400 7310 -28.9 -46.9 16 18.0 -30.5 310 85 317.4 317.5 288.1 318.0 0.14 49 382 7639 -31.5 -50.5 14 19.0 -32.9 310 84 318.2 318.2 288.3 318.6 0.10 50 373 7807 -32.9 -49.9 17 17.0 -34.1 308 84 318.5 318.6 288.4 318.9 0.11 51 349 8272 -37.3 -48.3 31 11.0 -38.0 304 86 318.7 318.7 288.5 319.2 0.14 52 336 8534 -39.7 -44.5 60 4.8 -40.1 301 86 318.9 318.9 288.6 319.7 0.22 53 333 8596 -40.5 -45.1 61 4.6 -40.8 301 87 318.6 318.7 288.5 319.4 0.21 54 322 8824 -42.3 -45.6 70 3.3 -42.5 298 87 319.2 319.3 288.7 320.0 0.20 55 308 9124 -44.7 -46.5 82 1.8 -44.8 295 88 319.9 320.0 288.9 320.7 0.19 56 300 9300 -45.9 -49.4 68 3.5 -46.1 300 95 320.7 320.7 289.1 321.2 0.14 57 250 10490 -55.3 -57.5 76 2.2 -55.4 310 114 323.9 323.9 290.0 324.1 0.06 58 225 11153 -59.4 -64.1 54 4.7 -59.5 320 124 327.5 327.5 291.0 327.6 0.03 59 222 11237 -59.9 -64.9 52 5.0 -60.0 320 122 328.0 328.0 291.2 328.1 0.03 60 200 11890 -57.7 -78.7 5 21.0 -57.9 300 97 341.4 341.4 294.7 341.4 0.00 61 150 13720 -56.7 -83.7 2 27.0 -57.0 300 102 372.4 372.4 301.0 372.4 0.00 62 100 16230 -65.1 -89.1 2 24.0 -65.3 300 99 401.9 401.9 305.5 402.0 0.00 63 97 16415 -65.5 -89.5 2 24.0 -65.7 300 99 404.7 404.7 305.8 404.7 0.00 64 87 17079 -62.7 -87.7 2 25.0 -62.9 305 68 423.1 423.1 308.1 423.1 0.00 65 70 18400 -67.9 -88.9 3 21.0 -68.1 280 32 439.1 439.1 309.8 439.1 0.00 66 66 18754 -68.7 -88.7 4 20.0 -68.8 284 34 444.8 444.8 310.4 444.8 0.00 67 63 19034 -66.7 -88.7 3 22.0 -66.9 274 39 455.2 455.2 311.3 455.2 0.00 68 57 19634 -70.7 -89.7 4 19.0 -70.8 271 50 459.3 459.3 311.7 459.4 0.00 69 56 19740 -68.5 -89.5 3 21.0 -68.7 270 52 466.7 466.7 312.4 466.7 0.00 70 54 19957 -69.5 -90.5 3 21.0 -69.6 262 47 469.3 469.3 312.5 469.3 0.00 71 50 20420 -66.7 -89.7 3 23.0 -67.0 235 27 486.3 486.3 314.0 486.3 0.00 72 44 21186 -70.5 -90.5 4 20.0 -70.6 239 35 495.1 495.1 314.6 495.1 0.00 73 39 21905 -68.9 -90.9 3 22.0 -69.1 254 45 516.6 516.6 316.1 516.6 0.00 74 36 22388 -65.3 -90.3 2 25.0 -65.7 277 41 537.8 537.8 317.4 537.8 0.00 75 35 22559 -65.9 -90.9 2 25.0 -66.3 285 38 540.6 540.6 317.6 540.6 0.00 76 33 22917 -64.1 -90.1 2 26.0 -64.6 287 28 554.6 554.6 318.3 554.6 0.00 77 31 23299 -65.3 -90.3 2 25.0 -65.8 268 41 561.3 561.3 318.7 561.4 0.00 78 30 23500 -62.7 -89.7 1 27.0 -63.4 280 52 573.7 573.7 319.3 573.7 0.00 79 29 23708 -63.7 -90.7 1 27.0 -64.3 272 54 576.5 576.5 319.5 576.6 0.00 80 28 23924 -61.9 -89.9 1 28.0 -62.7 280 51 587.4 587.4 320.0 587.4 0.00 81 25 24622 -63.9 -90.9 1 27.0 -64.6 280 27 601.0 601.0 320.6 601.0 0.00 82 23 25133 -63.5 -90.5 1 27.0 -64.3 280 31 616.7 616.7 321.3 616.7 0.00 83 22 25409 -58.7 -88.7 1 30.0 -60.1 262 35 638.8 638.8 322.3 638.9 0.01 84 21 25702 -57.1 -88.1 1 31.0 -58.8 253 37 652.2 652.2 322.7 652.3 0.01 85 20 26010 -58.3 -88.3 1 30.0 -59.9 260 36 657.7 657.7 323.0 657.8 0.01 86 19 26333 -57.5 -87.5 1 30.0 -59.3 266 39 669.9 669.9 323.4 670.0 0.01 87 18 26672 -59.5 -88.5 1 29.0 -61.0 263 38 674.1 674.1 323.6 674.1 0.01 88 18 26672 -57.7 -87.7 1 30.0 -59.5 263 38 679.7 679.7 323.7 679.8 0.01 89 17 27031 -58.5 -88.5 1 30.0 -60.3 271 39 688.4 688.4 324.0 688.4 0.01 90 16 27416 -53.7 -85.7 1 32.0 -56.6 280 40 716.1 716.1 325.0 716.2 0.02 91 15 27829 -54.5 -85.5 1 31.0 -57.4 280 45 726.8 726.8 325.3 726.9 0.02 92 15 27829 -52.9 -84.9 1 32.0 -56.2 280 45 732.1 732.1 325.4 732.2 0.02 93 12 29244 -59.7 -87.7 1 28.0 -61.7 275 59 756.2 756.2 326.1 756.3 0.01 94 12 29244 -60.3 -88.3 1 28.0 -62.2 275 59 754.1 754.1 326.0 754.2 0.01 95 11 29789 -57.7 -87.7 1 30.0 -60.4 275 62 782.5 782.6 326.8 782.7 0.02 96 10 30390 -57.7 -87.7 1 30.0 -60.6 260 64 804.2 804.2 327.4 804.3 0.02 97 9.6 30647 -58.7 -87.7 1 29.0 -61.4 809.8 809.8 327.5 810.0 0.02 98 8.3 31567 -55.9 -86.9 1 31.0 -59.7 855.3 855.3 328.5 855.5 0.02 99 8.0 31800 -57.5 -87.5 1 30.0 -60.9 858.0 858.0 328.5 858.2 0.02 100 7.8 31961 -56.9 -86.9 1 30.0 -60.6 866.6 866.6 328.8 866.8 0.03 TRP 222 11237 -59.9 -64.9 52 5.0 -60.0 320 122 328.0 328.0 291.2 328.1 0.03 WND 225 11153 -59.4 -64.1 54 4.7 -59.5 320 124 327.5 327.5 291.0 327.6 0.03 Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5536.00 m Freezing level: 695.83 mb = 3114.41 m = 10217.77 ft Wetbulb zero: 744.92 mb = 2563.60 m = 8410.66 ft Precipitable water: 0.66 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 51.61 % Est. max temperature: 17.74 C = 63.93 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 939.92 mb = 659.80 m = 2164.67 ft T: 10.30 C 700-500 lapse rate: 7.00 C/km ThetaE index: 5.40 C Layer 729.0- 725.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 686.69 mb = 3219.21 m = 10561.60 ft Mean mixing ratio: 5.24 g/kg Conv temperature: 30.64 C = 87.16 F Cap Strength: 11.12 C Lifted Index: 9.97 C Risk: None Lifted Index @300 mb: 13.67 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 8.93 C Showalter Index: 6.46 C Risk: None Total Totals Index: 43.20 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 21.90 C Cross Totals Index: 21.30 C K Index: 11.30 Risk: None Sweat Index: 191.80 Risk: None Energy Index: 1.68 Risk: None Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 33.31 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 8.16 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 61531.16 J/kg Cap Strength: 11.07 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 870.40 mb = 1294.49 m = 4246.98 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): -1.00 mb = -9999.00 m = -9999.00 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 334 at 37 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 1007 98 0 0 -0.0 -0.0 | 154 37 -16.2 33.2 1 1000 144 205 4 1.7 3.6 | 158 40 -14.5 36.8 2 981 305 235 14 11.5 8.0 | 173 41 -4.7 41.2 3 946 610 280 18 17.7 -3.1 | 183 30 1.5 30.0 4 925 793 280 28 27.6 -4.9 | 202 30 11.4 28.3 5 911 914 285 31 29.9 -8.0 | 209 29 13.7 25.1 6 878 1219 290 37 34.8 -12.7 | 222 28 18.6 20.5 7 850 1489 290 39 36.6 -13.3 | 226 28 20.4 19.8 8 815 1829 300 45 39.0 -22.5 | 245 25 22.8 10.7 9 785 2134 310 46 35.2 -29.6 | 259 19 19.0 3.6 10 756 2438 310 48 36.8 -30.9 | 264 21 20.6 2.3 11 728 2743 315 45 31.8 -31.8 | 265 16 15.6 1.3 12 700 3066 310 51 39.1 -32.8 | 269 23 22.9 0.4 13 675 3353 305 55 45.1 -31.5 | 267 29 28.8 1.6 14 649 3658 310 50 38.3 -32.1 | 267 22 22.1 1.0 15 600 4267 310 59 45.2 -37.9 | 279 29 29.0 -4.8 16 554 4877 305 60 49.1 -34.4 | 272 33 32.9 -1.2 17 533 5182 300 67 58.0 -33.5 | 270 42 41.8 -0.3 18 500 5680 305 73 59.8 -41.9 | 281 44 43.6 -8.7 19 472 6096 310 75 57.5 -48.2 | 290 44 41.2 -15.0 20 400 7310 310 85 65.1 -54.6 | 294 53 48.9 -21.5 21 400 7315 310 87 66.6 -55.9 | 294 55 50.4 -22.8 22 382 7620 310 84 64.3 -54.0 | 293 52 48.1 -20.8 23 307 9144 295 88 79.8 -37.2 | 274 64 63.5 -4.0 24 300 9300 300 95 82.3 -47.5 | 282 68 66.1 -14.3 25 250 10490 310 114 87.3 -73.3 | 299 82 71.1 -40.1 26 225 11153 320 124 79.7 -95.0 | 314 89 63.5 -61.8 27 222 11237 320 122 78.4 -93.5 | 314 87 62.2 -60.3 28 221 11278 320 124 79.7 -95.0 | 314 89 63.5 -61.8 29 200 11887 305 89 72.9 -51.0 | 288 59 56.7 -17.9 30 200 11890 300 97 84.0 -48.5 | 283 70 67.8 -15.3 31 182 12497 310 122 93.5 -78.4 | 300 90 77.2 -45.3 32 173 12802 305 105 86.0 -60.2 | 291 75 69.8 -27.1 33 150 13720 300 102 88.3 -51.0 | 284 74 72.1 -17.8 34 117 15240 295 103 93.3 -43.5 | 278 78 77.1 -10.4 35 100 16230 300 99 85.7 -49.5 | 283 71 69.5 -16.3 36 96 16459 300 99 85.7 -49.5 | 283 71 69.5 -16.3 37 87 17069 305 68 55.7 -39.0 | 278 40 39.5 -5.8 38 71 18288 300 36 31.2 -18.0 | 225 21 15.0 15.2 39 70 18400 280 32 31.5 -5.6 | 209 32 15.3 27.6 40 68 18593 295 30 27.2 -12.7 | 208 23 11.0 20.5 41 64 18898 275 37 36.9 -3.2 | 215 36 20.6 29.9 42 55 19812 270 53 53.0 -0.0 | 228 50 36.8 33.2 43 50 20420 235 27 22.1 15.5 | 187 49 5.9 48.7 44 50 20422 275 49 48.8 -4.3 | 228 44 32.6 28.9 45 48 20726 235 27 22.1 15.5 | 187 49 5.9 48.7 46 43 21336 240 37 32.0 18.5 | 197 54 15.8 51.7 47 39 21946 255 45 43.5 11.6 | 211 52 27.3 44.8 48 35 22555 285 39 37.7 -10.1 | 223 32 21.5 23.1 49 33 22860 290 26 24.4 -8.9 | 199 26 8.2 24.3 50 30 23470 260 46 45.3 8.0 | 215 50 29.1 41.2 51 30 23500 280 52 51.2 -9.0 | 235 43 35.0 24.1 52 29 23774 270 55 55.0 -0.0 | 229 51 38.8 33.2 53 27 24079 290 47 44.2 -16.1 | 239 33 27.9 17.1 54 26 24384 280 33 32.5 -5.7 | 211 32 16.3 27.4 55 25 24689 280 25 24.6 -4.3 | 196 30 8.4 28.8 56 24 24994 290 29 27.3 -9.9 | 205 26 11.0 23.2 57 21 25603 250 38 35.7 13.0 | 203 50 19.5 46.2 58 20 26010 260 36 35.5 6.3 | 206 44 19.2 39.4 59 19 26213 270 40 40.0 -0.0 | 216 41 23.8 33.2 60 18 26518 260 37 36.4 6.4 | 207 44 20.2 39.6 61 16 27432 280 40 39.4 -6.9 | 221 35 23.2 26.2 62 14 28346 280 52 51.2 -9.0 | 235 43 35.0 24.1 63 13 28651 265 55 54.8 4.8 | 225 54 38.6 38.0 64 11 29566 280 61 60.1 -10.6 | 243 49 43.9 22.6 65 10 30390 260 64 63.0 11.1 | 227 64 46.8 44.3 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 303.9 at 49.2 knts Storm direction: 333.9 at 36.9 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 5.7 neg: 4.0 tot: 9.7 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 114.9 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 484.9 neg: 0.0 tot: 484.9 m^2/s^2 ave: 161.6 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.74 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 13.8 stream: 10.2 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.10 Bulk Rich Number: 0.14 Bulk Shear: 244.45 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 251 12 173 37| 0.0 18.4 18.4|203.5 0.0 203.5 406.9 0.72| 28.2 20.2 1000 274 20 187 32| 8.9 9.2 18.1|340.6 0.0 340.6 340.6 0.82| 23.4 19.1 1500 282 26 198 29| 8.3 6.1 14.4|394.0 0.0 394.0 262.7 0.84| 18.2 15.2 2000 289 31 209 26| 8.2 4.6 12.8|465.2 0.0 465.2 232.6 0.83| 17.1 14.3 2500 295 34 218 24| 6.8 3.7 10.5|478.3 0.0 478.3 191.3 0.81| 14.7 11.9 3000 299 36 225 22| 5.7 4.0 9.7|484.9 0.0 484.9 161.6 0.74| 13.8 10.2 4000 302 41 238 21| 5.0 3.0 8.0|512.0 -5.8 506.2 126.5 0.65| 12.4 8.0 5000 304 45 248 22| 4.0 3.6 7.6|520.4 -43.3 477.1 95.4 0.54| 11.3 6.1 6000 304 49 257 25| 4.5 3.0 7.5|689.0 -44.9 644.1 107.3 0.58| 11.0 6.3 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KIAD/skewt/KIAD.skewt.20251224.00.gif