UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025121800.upa.cvt Date: 0000Z 18 DEC 25 Searching for KIAD... Searching the city database file for: KIAD ... Date:0000Z 18 DEC 25 Station: KIAD WMO ident: 72403 Latitude: 38.95 Longitude: -77.45 Elevation: 98.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SFC 1007 98 7.2 -0.8 57 8.0 3.7 230 3 279.8 280.4 276.5 289.8 3.58 1 1005 113 9.8 -2.2 43 12.0 4.6 243 4 282.5 283.1 277.5 291.7 3.23 2 1000 150 11.8 -1.2 40 13.0 5.9 275 6 285.0 285.6 279.0 294.9 3.50 3 997 175 12.8 -1.2 38 14.0 6.3 278 7 286.2 286.8 279.7 296.3 3.51 4 966 440 11.6 -3.4 35 15.0 5.0 297 17 287.6 288.1 279.8 296.5 3.07 5 930 756 10.2 -6.8 30 17.0 3.2 292 25 289.3 289.7 279.8 296.6 2.46 6 925 801 9.8 -7.2 29 17.0 2.9 290 25 289.3 289.8 279.7 296.4 2.40 7 901 1018 8.0 -8.0 31 16.0 1.7 297 27 289.7 290.1 279.8 296.5 2.32 8 873 1277 6.0 -13.0 24 19.0 -0.6 310 31 290.2 290.5 279.1 295.1 1.61 9 852 1477 7.0 -24.0 9 31.0 -1.7 310 34 293.3 293.4 279.3 295.3 0.64 10 850 1496 7.0 -25.0 8 32.0 -1.8 310 34 293.5 293.6 279.3 295.4 0.59 11 823 1760 5.4 -32.6 4 38.0 -3.4 314 36 294.5 294.6 279.3 295.5 0.30 12 813 1860 6.0 -35.0 3 41.0 -3.2 314 37 296.2 296.2 280.0 297.0 0.24 13 794 2053 4.6 -37.4 3 42.0 -4.3 304 35 296.7 296.7 280.1 297.4 0.19 14 784 2156 4.8 -39.2 2 44.0 -4.3 300 34 298.0 298.0 280.7 298.6 0.16 15 770 2302 3.8 -26.2 9 30.0 -4.2 303 36 298.4 298.6 281.5 300.4 0.58 16 756 2451 3.0 -38.0 3 41.0 -5.5 305 37 299.1 299.2 281.3 299.8 0.19 17 750 2516 3.4 -30.6 6 34.0 -4.9 303 37 300.3 300.3 282.0 301.6 0.40 18 700 3071 0.0 -34.0 6 34.0 -7.4 290 32 302.5 302.5 282.8 303.5 0.31 19 663 3504 -2.5 -34.5 6 32.0 -9.2 279 31 304.4 304.5 283.6 305.5 0.31 20 634 3857 -5.5 -35.5 7 30.0 -11.4 278 31 304.9 305.0 283.8 305.9 0.29 21 599 4300 -8.1 -40.1 6 32.0 -13.5 285 32 306.9 306.9 284.4 307.6 0.19 22 541 5080 -15.3 -49.3 4 34.0 -19.2 294 30 307.4 307.4 284.4 307.7 0.08 23 500 5670 -20.3 -48.3 6 28.0 -23.2 275 28 308.3 308.3 284.8 308.6 0.10 24 470 6123 -23.9 -43.9 14 20.0 -26.0 279 30 309.3 309.4 285.3 309.9 0.17 25 467 6169 -23.7 -43.7 14 20.0 -25.9 278 31 310.1 310.2 285.6 310.8 0.17 26 450 6438 -24.9 -47.9 10 23.0 -27.1 269 35 311.9 312.0 286.2 312.4 0.11 27 400 7280 -31.5 -47.5 19 16.0 -32.7 270 47 314.0 314.1 286.9 314.5 0.13 28 380 7641 -34.1 -49.1 21 15.0 -35.1 275 50 315.3 315.3 287.3 315.7 0.12 29 365 7922 -36.1 -52.1 18 16.0 -37.0 271 52 316.2 316.3 287.6 316.6 0.08 30 363 7960 -36.5 -50.5 22 14.0 -37.4 271 52 316.2 316.2 287.6 316.6 0.10 31 362 7979 -36.7 -42.7 54 6.0 -37.2 271 52 316.2 316.2 287.8 317.1 0.24 32 359 8037 -37.3 -46.3 39 9.0 -37.9 270 52 316.1 316.2 287.7 316.8 0.17 33 357 8076 -37.5 -45.5 43 8.0 -38.1 270 53 316.4 316.4 287.8 317.1 0.18 34 356 8095 -37.7 -47.7 34 10.0 -38.4 269 53 316.4 316.4 287.7 316.9 0.14 35 354 8134 -38.1 -43.0 60 4.9 -38.5 269 53 316.3 316.4 287.8 317.2 0.24 36 348 8251 -39.1 -44.1 59 5.0 -39.5 267 54 316.5 316.6 287.9 317.3 0.22 37 345 8310 -39.9 -43.7 67 3.8 -40.2 267 54 316.2 316.3 287.8 317.1 0.23 38 328 8654 -42.7 -45.3 76 2.6 -42.9 262 56 317.0 317.0 288.0 317.7 0.20 39 314 8947 -45.3 -49.1 65 3.8 -45.5 262 58 317.3 317.4 288.1 317.9 0.14 40 305 9140 -46.1 -50.7 60 4.6 -46.3 265 59 318.9 318.9 288.5 319.3 0.12 41 303 9184 -46.7 -50.7 64 4.0 -46.9 263 63 318.6 318.6 288.5 319.1 0.12 42 301 9228 -46.9 -51.9 57 5.0 -47.1 261 68 318.9 319.0 288.5 319.4 0.11 43 300 9250 -47.1 -51.9 58 4.8 -47.3 260 71 319.0 319.0 288.5 319.4 0.11 44 296 9339 -47.9 -52.1 62 4.2 -48.1 260 72 319.1 319.1 288.6 319.5 0.10 45 288 9519 -49.3 -54.3 56 5.0 -49.5 261 74 319.6 319.6 288.7 319.9 0.08 46 286 9564 -49.9 -54.4 59 4.5 -50.0 261 74 319.4 319.4 288.6 319.7 0.08 47 280 9702 -51.1 -56.0 56 4.9 -51.2 262 76 319.6 319.6 288.7 319.8 0.07 48 276 9796 -51.5 -57.5 49 6.0 -51.7 262 76 320.3 320.3 288.9 320.5 0.06 49 250 10430 -56.3 -60.6 58 4.3 -56.4 265 83 322.4 322.4 289.5 322.5 0.04 50 245 10558 -57.3 -61.8 56 4.5 -57.4 263 82 322.7 322.7 289.6 322.9 0.04 51 241 10663 -57.9 -61.4 64 3.5 -58.0 261 82 323.4 323.4 289.8 323.5 0.04 52 238 10742 -58.3 -62.5 58 4.2 -58.4 260 81 323.9 323.9 290.0 324.1 0.04 53 227 11040 -58.9 -66.9 35 8.0 -59.0 263 83 327.4 327.4 291.0 327.5 0.02 54 226 11068 -58.9 -66.9 35 8.0 -59.0 265 83 327.8 327.8 291.1 327.9 0.02 55 223 11152 -57.1 -68.1 24 11.0 -57.2 269 84 331.8 331.9 292.2 331.9 0.02 56 200 11840 -59.1 -72.1 17 13.0 -59.2 255 76 339.2 339.2 294.1 339.2 0.01 57 182 12438 -58.2 -76.1 8 17.9 -58.4 265 88 349.9 349.9 296.6 350.0 0.01 58 150 13670 -56.3 -84.3 2 28.0 -56.6 255 78 373.1 373.1 301.1 373.1 0.00 59 100 16230 -60.9 -86.9 2 26.0 -61.2 260 58 410.1 410.1 306.5 410.1 0.00 60 86 17159 -64.1 -88.1 2 24.0 -64.3 263 49 421.7 421.7 307.9 421.7 0.00 61 85 17231 -62.3 -87.3 2 25.0 -62.6 263 48 426.7 426.7 308.5 426.7 0.00 62 84 17304 -62.1 -87.1 2 25.0 -62.4 263 47 428.6 428.6 308.7 428.6 0.00 63 79 17684 -60.9 -86.9 2 26.0 -61.2 265 42 438.7 438.7 309.7 438.7 0.00 64 75 18005 -62.9 -87.9 2 25.0 -63.1 255 35 441.0 441.0 310.0 441.0 0.00 65 74 18087 -61.7 -87.7 2 26.0 -62.0 253 36 445.3 445.3 310.4 445.3 0.00 66 70 18430 -63.1 -88.1 2 25.0 -63.4 235 48 449.4 449.4 310.8 449.4 0.00 67 69 18519 -63.3 -88.3 2 25.0 -63.6 235 48 450.8 450.8 310.9 450.8 0.00 68 65 18886 -63.1 -89.1 2 26.0 -63.4 249 48 459.0 459.0 311.7 459.0 0.00 69 64 18982 -61.7 -88.7 2 27.0 -62.1 254 45 464.1 464.1 312.1 464.1 0.00 70 60 19380 -63.9 -88.9 2 25.0 -64.2 271 33 467.9 467.9 312.4 467.9 0.00 71 57 19695 -62.9 -88.9 2 26.0 -63.3 272 26 477.0 477.0 313.2 477.1 0.00 72 54 20027 -64.5 -89.5 2 25.0 -64.8 242 25 480.8 480.8 313.5 480.8 0.00 73 50 20500 -62.7 -88.7 2 26.0 -63.1 245 28 495.7 495.7 314.7 495.7 0.00 74 44 21289 -61.5 -89.5 1 28.0 -62.0 256 25 517.1 517.1 316.1 517.1 0.00 75 41 21724 -63.5 -89.5 2 26.0 -64.0 278 26 522.7 522.7 316.5 522.7 0.00 76 41 21724 -61.9 -89.9 1 28.0 -62.4 278 26 526.7 526.7 316.7 526.7 0.00 77 34 22886 -60.1 -89.1 1 29.0 -60.9 255 25 560.4 560.4 318.6 560.4 0.00 78 31 23458 -63.3 -90.3 1 27.0 -63.9 231 18 566.7 566.7 319.0 566.8 0.00 79 30 23660 -62.1 -89.1 2 27.0 -62.8 285 21 575.3 575.3 319.5 575.4 0.00 80 29 23869 -62.7 -89.7 1 27.0 -63.4 283 23 579.3 579.3 319.6 579.3 0.00 81 28 24086 -61.1 -90.1 1 29.0 -62.0 280 27 589.6 589.6 320.1 589.6 0.00 82 24 25035 -63.9 -90.9 1 27.0 -64.6 298 31 608.0 608.0 321.0 608.1 0.00 83 23 25296 -62.5 -90.5 1 28.0 -63.4 305 27 619.6 619.6 321.5 619.6 0.00 84 20 26150 -66.1 -91.1 2 25.0 -66.7 340 27 633.8 633.8 322.0 633.9 0.00 85 18 26785 -68.1 -92.1 2 24.0 -68.7 329 31 646.9 646.9 322.6 646.9 0.00 86 16 27496 -66.3 -92.3 1 26.0 -67.1 303 40 675.0 675.0 323.6 675.0 0.00 87 16 27496 -64.1 -91.1 1 27.0 -65.1 303 40 682.1 682.1 323.9 682.2 0.01 88 13 28781 -59.3 -89.3 1 30.0 -61.3 309 58 740.5 740.5 325.7 740.6 0.01 89 12 29280 -60.7 -89.7 1 29.0 -62.6 302 48 752.7 752.7 326.0 752.8 0.01 90 12 29280 -59.3 -89.3 1 30.0 -61.4 302 48 757.6 757.6 326.1 757.7 0.01 91 11 29823 -60.7 -89.7 1 29.0 -62.7 290 41 771.6 771.7 326.5 771.7 0.01 92 10 30420 -58.1 -88.1 1 30.0 -60.9 280 46 802.7 802.7 327.3 802.8 0.02 93 9.6 30676 -59.1 -88.1 1 29.0 -61.7 281 47 808.3 808.3 327.4 808.5 0.02 94 8.6 31372 -55.1 -87.1 1 32.0 -59.2 284 51 849.7 849.8 328.4 850.0 0.02 95 8.0 31831 -56.5 -87.5 1 31.0 -60.3 286 54 861.9 861.9 328.7 862.1 0.02 96 7.8 31992 -56.1 -88.1 1 32.0 -60.1 287 55 869.8 869.8 328.8 870.0 0.02 97 7.5 32243 -52.1 -86.1 1 34.0 -57.7 288 56 895.8 895.8 329.4 896.1 0.03 98 7.0 32690 -51.9 -84.9 1 33.0 -57.8 290 59 914.5 914.5 329.7 914.9 0.04 99 6.9 32783 -51.7 -84.7 1 33.0 -57.8 919.1 919.1 329.8 919.5 0.04 TRP 238 10742 -58.3 -62.5 58 4.2 -58.4 260 81 323.9 323.9 290.0 324.1 0.04 WND 182 12438 -58.2 -76.1 8 17.9 -58.4 265 88 349.9 349.9 296.6 350.0 0.01 Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5520.00 m Freezing level: 700.00 mb = 3071.00 m = 10075.34 ft Wetbulb zero: 880.66 mb = 1205.61 m = 3955.37 ft Precipitable water: 0.20 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 11.34 % Est. max temperature: 19.97 C = 67.95 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 890.66 mb = 1112.89 m = 3651.16 ft T: 7.27 C 700-500 lapse rate: 7.81 C/km ThetaE index: 1.46 C Layer 873.0- 852.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 575.78 mb = 4602.86 m = 15101.06 ft Mean mixing ratio: 2.90 g/kg Conv temperature: 34.58 C = 94.24 F Cap Strength: 12.56 C Lifted Index: 11.38 C Risk: None Lifted Index @300 mb: 16.22 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 11.70 C Showalter Index: 11.97 C Risk: None Total Totals Index: 22.60 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 27.30 C Cross Totals Index: -4.70 C K Index: -31.70 Risk: None Sweat Index: 96.00 Risk: None Energy Index: 2.89 Risk: None Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 18.36 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 6.06 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 73697.72 J/kg Cap Strength: 12.50 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 756.94 mb = 2441.01 m = 8008.47 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): -1.00 mb = -9999.00 m = -9999.00 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 323 at 22 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 1007 98 230 3 2.3 1.9 | 150 23 -11.2 19.8 1 1000 150 275 6 6.0 -0.5 | 157 19 -7.5 17.3 2 982 305 295 12 10.9 -5.1 | 168 13 -2.6 12.8 3 946 610 300 23 19.9 -11.5 | 225 9 6.4 6.3 4 925 801 290 25 23.5 -8.6 | 227 14 10.0 9.3 5 912 914 290 25 23.5 -8.6 | 227 14 10.0 9.3 6 879 1219 310 30 23.0 -19.3 | 279 10 9.5 -1.5 7 850 1496 310 34 26.0 -21.9 | 288 13 12.6 -4.0 8 816 1829 315 37 26.2 -26.2 | 303 15 12.7 -8.3 9 786 2134 300 34 29.4 -17.0 | 267 16 16.0 0.8 10 757 2438 305 37 30.3 -21.2 | 281 17 16.8 -3.4 11 729 2743 295 35 31.7 -14.8 | 261 18 18.2 3.0 12 700 3071 290 32 30.1 -10.9 | 247 18 16.6 6.9 13 649 3658 275 31 30.9 -2.7 | 229 23 17.4 15.1 14 600 4267 285 32 30.9 -8.3 | 241 20 17.4 9.5 15 554 4877 300 30 26.0 -15.0 | 257 13 12.5 2.8 16 500 5670 275 28 27.9 -2.4 | 223 21 14.4 15.4 17 492 5791 275 27 26.9 -2.4 | 221 20 13.4 15.5 18 471 6096 280 30 29.5 -5.2 | 232 20 16.1 12.6 19 433 6706 260 40 39.4 6.9 | 226 36 25.9 24.8 20 400 7280 270 47 47.0 -0.0 | 242 38 33.5 17.8 21 381 7620 275 50 49.8 -4.4 | 250 39 36.3 13.5 22 319 8839 260 57 56.1 9.9 | 237 51 42.6 27.7 23 305 9144 265 59 58.8 5.1 | 243 51 45.3 23.0 24 300 9250 260 71 69.9 12.3 | 242 64 56.4 30.2 25 250 10430 265 83 82.7 7.2 | 250 74 69.2 25.1 26 238 10742 260 81 79.8 14.1 | 244 74 66.3 31.9 27 229 10973 260 82 80.8 14.2 | 245 75 67.3 32.1 28 219 11278 275 85 84.7 -7.4 | 262 72 71.2 10.4 29 200 11840 255 76 73.4 19.7 | 238 71 59.9 37.5 30 199 11887 255 75 72.4 19.4 | 238 70 59.0 37.2 31 182 12438 265 88 87.7 7.7 | 251 78 74.2 25.5 32 180 12497 265 88 87.7 7.7 | 251 78 74.2 25.5 33 164 13106 280 76 74.8 -13.2 | 266 62 61.4 4.6 34 156 13411 260 64 63.0 11.1 | 240 57 49.5 28.9 35 150 13670 255 78 75.3 20.2 | 238 73 61.9 38.0 36 142 14021 255 81 78.2 21.0 | 239 75 64.8 38.8 37 123 14935 265 82 81.7 7.1 | 250 73 68.2 25.0 38 117 15240 270 71 71.0 -0.0 | 253 60 57.5 17.8 39 111 15545 265 62 61.8 5.4 | 244 54 48.3 23.2 40 100 16230 260 58 57.1 10.1 | 237 52 43.6 27.9 41 96 16459 260 58 57.1 10.1 | 237 52 43.6 27.9 42 79 17678 265 42 41.8 3.7 | 233 36 28.4 21.5 43 75 17983 255 35 33.8 9.1 | 217 34 20.3 26.9 44 72 18288 250 38 35.7 13.0 | 216 38 22.2 30.8 45 70 18430 235 48 39.3 27.5 | 210 52 25.8 45.4 46 68 18593 235 48 39.3 27.5 | 210 52 25.8 45.4 47 65 18898 250 48 45.1 16.4 | 223 47 31.6 34.2 48 62 19202 265 38 37.9 3.3 | 229 32 24.4 21.1 49 59 19507 275 30 29.9 -2.6 | 227 22 16.4 15.2 50 56 19812 270 23 23.0 -0.0 | 208 20 9.5 17.8 51 53 20117 230 26 19.9 16.7 | 191 35 6.4 34.5 52 50 20500 245 28 25.4 11.8 | 202 32 11.9 29.7 53 48 20726 240 27 23.4 13.5 | 198 33 9.9 31.3 54 46 21031 265 28 27.9 2.4 | 215 25 14.4 20.3 55 44 21336 255 25 24.1 6.5 | 204 27 10.7 24.3 56 42 21641 275 28 27.9 -2.4 | 223 21 14.4 15.4 57 40 21946 285 22 21.3 -5.7 | 213 14 7.8 12.1 58 38 22250 270 12 12.0 -0.0 | 175 18 -1.5 17.8 59 36 22555 250 29 27.3 9.9 | 206 31 13.8 27.7 60 33 23165 260 21 20.7 3.6 | 199 23 7.2 21.5 61 31 23470 230 18 13.8 11.6 | 181 29 0.3 29.4 62 30 23660 285 21 20.3 -5.4 | 209 14 6.8 12.4 63 29 23774 285 21 20.3 -5.4 | 209 14 6.8 12.4 64 27 24384 275 33 32.9 -2.9 | 232 24 19.4 15.0 65 25 24689 290 36 33.8 -12.3 | 255 21 20.3 5.5 66 23 25298 305 27 22.1 -15.5 | 255 9 8.6 2.3 67 20 26150 340 27 9.2 -25.4 | 29 9 -4.3 -7.5 68 20 26213 305 31 25.4 -17.8 | 270 12 11.9 0.0 69 19 26518 340 27 9.2 -25.4 | 29 9 -4.3 -7.5 70 16 27432 305 39 31.9 -22.4 | 284 19 18.5 -4.5 71 15 27737 300 42 36.4 -21.0 | 278 23 22.9 -3.2 72 13 28956 310 60 46.0 -38.6 | 303 39 32.5 -20.7 73 11 29566 295 39 35.3 -16.5 | 266 22 21.9 1.3 74 10 30420 280 46 45.3 -8.0 | 253 33 31.8 9.8 75 7 32690 290 59 55.4 -20.2 | 273 42 42.0 -2.4 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 292.9 at 29.8 knts Storm direction: 322.9 at 22.4 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 5.9 neg: 2.3 tot: 8.2 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 96.0 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 113.9 neg: -83.1 tot: 30.8 m^2/s^2 ave: 10.3 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.23 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 11.6 stream: 2.6 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.01 Bulk Rich Number: 0.51 Bulk Shear: 36.19 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 295 13 173 12| 22.4 0.0 22.4| 52.4 0.0 52.4 104.8 0.70| 22.6 15.8 1000 295 19 202 11| 14.0 0.0 14.0| 72.1 -0.0 72.1 72.1 0.66| 17.0 11.2 1500 301 23 229 9| 11.9 0.0 11.9| 93.3 -0.0 93.3 62.2 0.68| 14.6 10.0 2000 305 27 252 9| 8.9 1.5 10.4|102.0 -33.1 68.9 34.5 0.43| 13.8 5.9 2500 304 28 259 10| 7.1 1.5 8.6|113.9 -47.3 66.6 26.6 0.38| 12.3 4.7 3000 302 29 259 12| 5.9 2.3 8.2|113.9 -83.1 30.8 10.3 0.23| 11.6 2.6 4000 296 30 251 14| 4.8 2.6 7.4|131.2-115.3 15.9 4.0 0.16| 10.1 1.6 5000 295 30 250 15| 4.1 2.1 6.2|156.4-125.0 31.4 6.3 0.17| 9.4 1.6 6000 293 30 246 15| 3.6 2.4 6.1|177.0-161.4 15.7 2.6 0.11| 9.0 1.0 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KIAD/skewt/KIAD.skewt.20251218.00.gif