UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025070712.upa.cvt Date: 1200Z 7 JUL 25 Searching for KIAD... Searching the city database file for: KIAD ... Date:1200Z 7 JUL 25 Station: KIAD WMO ident: 72403 Latitude: 38.95 Longitude: -77.45 Elevation: 98.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SFC 1004 98 25.4 24.0 92 1.4 24.4 315 6 298.2 301.7 297.4 353.6 19.03 1 1000 121 24.4 23.1 92 1.3 23.5 335 4 297.5 300.8 296.6 350.0 18.07 2 998 139 24.2 22.9 92 1.3 23.3 339 4 297.5 300.8 296.5 349.4 17.89 3 943 635 21.0 20.8 99 0.2 20.9 48 5 299.1 302.2 296.1 347.6 16.62 4 925 802 20.2 19.5 96 0.7 19.7 70 8 300.0 302.8 295.7 345.6 15.61 5 872 1311 18.6 16.0 85 2.6 16.8 85 4 303.4 305.8 295.0 342.7 13.23 6 851 1521 17.4 14.5 83 2.9 15.5 52 3 304.3 306.5 294.6 340.9 12.29 7 850 1531 17.4 14.5 83 2.9 15.5 50 3 304.4 306.7 294.6 341.1 12.31 8 833 1704 16.0 14.5 91 1.5 15.0 64 5 304.7 307.0 294.8 342.2 12.56 9 825 1786 15.8 13.9 88 1.9 14.6 71 6 305.3 307.6 294.7 341.8 12.19 10 818 1858 15.8 12.5 81 3.3 13.7 72 7 306.0 308.1 294.3 339.7 11.21 11 803 2016 15.2 12.7 85 2.5 13.6 51 7 307.0 309.2 294.8 341.9 11.57 12 785 2208 13.8 10.2 79 3.6 11.5 38 7 307.5 309.4 293.8 337.8 10.01 13 760 2481 12.8 9.1 78 3.7 10.5 48 6 309.3 311.1 294.0 338.6 9.59 14 750 2593 13.0 8.5 74 4.5 10.2 40 6 310.7 312.5 294.1 339.3 9.33 15 732 2797 11.6 7.8 77 3.8 9.2 42 6 311.3 313.1 294.1 339.4 9.11 16 728 2843 11.6 5.6 67 6.0 8.0 53 6 311.8 313.3 293.3 336.1 7.86 17 700 3171 9.2 6.4 83 2.8 7.5 130 6 312.7 314.3 294.2 339.5 8.65 18 693 3254 8.8 5.0 77 3.8 6.5 133 7 313.1 314.6 293.7 337.8 7.92 19 674 3484 7.2 4.1 81 3.1 5.4 143 8 313.8 315.3 293.7 337.7 7.64 20 668 3558 6.8 3.7 81 3.1 5.0 146 8 314.2 315.6 293.7 337.6 7.50 21 656 3707 6.6 0.6 65 6.0 3.3 151 9 315.6 316.8 293.0 334.9 6.10 22 649 3795 6.2 1.3 71 4.9 3.5 153 10 316.1 317.4 293.5 336.7 6.49 23 621 4155 4.0 1.8 86 2.2 2.8 162 11 317.6 319.0 294.3 339.9 7.04 24 592 4543 1.6 -1.9 78 3.5 -0.2 161 13 319.2 320.3 293.6 337.3 5.63 25 587 4611 1.2 -1.9 80 3.1 -0.4 161 13 319.5 320.6 293.7 337.8 5.68 26 577 4750 1.0 -4.0 69 5.0 -1.5 168 14 320.8 321.8 293.6 336.9 4.93 27 556 5047 -0.9 -4.1 79 3.2 -2.5 179 15 322.0 323.0 294.0 338.6 5.08 28 536 5339 -2.3 -7.3 69 5.0 -4.7 187 15 323.7 324.5 293.7 337.4 4.13 29 534 5369 -2.3 -6.4 73 4.1 -4.3 188 15 324.1 325.0 294.0 338.7 4.44 30 530 5429 -2.1 -8.1 63 6.0 -4.9 190 15 325.0 325.8 293.9 338.1 3.92 31 516 5641 -3.7 -7.4 75 3.7 -5.4 196 15 325.6 326.4 294.3 339.7 4.25 32 509 5749 -4.3 -8.2 74 3.9 -6.1 199 15 326.1 326.9 294.2 339.7 4.05 33 505 5812 -4.3 -11.3 58 7.0 -7.3 197 15 326.9 327.5 293.7 337.7 3.19 34 502 5859 -4.7 -10.7 63 6.0 -7.3 190 16 326.9 327.6 293.9 338.3 3.37 35 500 5890 -4.5 -12.5 54 8.0 -7.8 185 16 327.6 328.1 293.7 337.5 2.93 36 494 5985 -5.3 -14.3 49 9.0 -8.9 180 16 327.7 328.2 293.4 336.5 2.56 37 476 6275 -7.3 -14.3 57 7.0 -10.1 178 18 328.7 329.3 293.8 337.8 2.66 38 466 6441 -8.3 -17.3 48 9.0 -11.6 181 20 329.5 329.9 293.5 336.8 2.11 39 462 6508 -8.7 -16.7 52 8.0 -11.6 182 20 329.8 330.3 293.7 337.6 2.24 40 450 6711 -9.7 -22.7 34 13.0 -13.7 185 22 331.0 331.3 293.3 335.9 1.37 41 446 6780 -9.7 -22.7 34 13.0 -13.7 182 21 331.9 332.2 293.5 336.8 1.38 42 422 7204 -13.7 -24.7 39 11.0 -16.8 170 18 332.1 332.3 293.4 336.5 1.22 43 421 7222 -13.7 -24.7 39 11.0 -16.8 170 18 332.3 332.5 293.5 336.7 1.23 44 420 7240 -13.7 -22.7 47 9.0 -16.4 170 18 332.5 332.8 293.7 337.8 1.47 45 418 7277 -14.1 -17.5 75 3.4 -15.3 170 18 332.5 332.9 294.4 340.5 2.32 46 416 7313 -14.1 -16.7 81 2.6 -15.0 170 18 332.9 333.4 294.7 341.6 2.49 47 414 7350 -14.3 -19.0 67 4.7 -15.9 170 17 333.1 333.5 294.4 340.4 2.06 48 413 7368 -14.3 -24.3 42 10.0 -17.1 170 17 333.3 333.6 293.8 338.0 1.30 49 412 7387 -14.3 -26.3 35 12.0 -17.5 170 17 333.6 333.8 293.7 337.5 1.08 50 409 7442 -15.1 -24.1 46 9.0 -17.7 170 17 333.2 333.5 293.9 338.0 1.33 51 407 7479 -15.1 -27.1 35 12.0 -18.2 170 17 333.7 333.9 293.7 337.4 1.02 52 400 7610 -16.3 -27.3 38 11.0 -19.1 170 17 333.8 334.0 293.7 337.5 1.02 53 398 7648 -16.5 -27.5 38 11.0 -19.3 165 15 334.0 334.2 293.7 337.7 1.00 54 300 9720 -29.7 -33.5 69 3.8 -30.4 195 19 343.5 343.7 295.8 346.4 0.75 55 250 10990 -39.7 -49.7 34 10.0 -40.4 180 31 347.0 347.1 296.1 347.7 0.16 56 200 12470 -52.5 -60.5 37 8.0 -52.7 205 22 349.6 349.6 296.6 349.9 0.06 57 150 14270 -62.9 -82.9 5 20.0 -63.0 200 15 361.7 361.7 299.0 361.7 0.00 58 103 16544 -70.5 -86.5 8 16.0 -70.6 110 16 388.2 388.2 303.5 388.2 0.00 59 100 16720 -69.1 -86.1 7 17.0 -69.2 135 19 394.2 394.2 304.4 394.2 0.00 60 88 17485 -68.5 -88.5 4 20.0 -68.6 121 16 410.1 410.1 306.5 410.1 0.00 61 81 17986 -64.7 -87.7 3 23.0 -64.9 101 18 427.7 427.7 308.6 427.7 0.00 62 80 18061 -65.5 -88.5 3 23.0 -65.7 106 16 427.6 427.6 308.6 427.6 0.00 63 74 18539 -62.5 -88.5 2 26.0 -62.8 120 14 443.6 443.6 310.3 443.6 0.00 64 72 18707 -63.9 -88.9 2 25.0 -64.1 112 13 444.1 444.1 310.3 444.1 0.00 65 70 18880 -63.3 -89.3 2 26.0 -63.6 100 11 449.0 449.0 310.7 449.0 0.00 66 61 19726 -62.3 -89.3 2 27.0 -62.7 95 11 469.2 469.2 312.5 469.2 0.00 67 55 20370 -57.9 -87.9 1 30.0 -58.6 94 22 493.4 493.4 314.5 493.4 0.00 68 52 20723 -57.7 -87.7 1 30.0 -58.4 87 21 501.8 501.8 315.1 501.9 0.00 69 50 20970 -57.7 -87.7 1 30.0 -58.5 80 19 507.5 507.5 315.5 507.5 0.00 70 48 21228 -58.7 -88.7 1 30.0 -59.4 82 18 511.1 511.1 315.7 511.1 0.00 71 43 21925 -55.7 -87.7 1 32.0 -56.8 114 18 534.8 534.8 317.2 534.8 0.00 72 38 22714 -55.1 -87.1 1 32.0 -56.4 65 16 555.6 555.6 318.4 555.6 0.01 73 36 23059 -57.1 -88.1 1 31.0 -58.2 73 13 559.1 559.1 318.6 559.1 0.00 74 30 24220 -54.9 -87.9 1 33.0 -56.5 115 29 595.0 595.0 320.4 595.0 0.01 75 25 25392 -52.9 -86.9 1 34.0 -55.2 80 31 632.6 632.6 322.0 632.6 0.01 76 23 25935 -49.9 -85.9 1 36.0 -53.1 97 26 656.7 656.7 322.9 656.7 0.01 77 20 26850 -49.7 -85.7 1 36.0 -53.3 80 35 684.0 684.1 323.9 684.1 0.01 78 19 27185 -49.7 -85.7 1 36.0 -53.4 83 33 694.2 694.2 324.3 694.3 0.01 79 18 27542 -45.7 -84.7 0 39.0 -51.0 84 33 717.6 717.6 325.0 717.7 0.02 80 14 29230 -41.3 -82.3 0 41.0 -49.4 118 26 786.0 786.0 326.9 786.3 0.03 81 12 30272 -43.3 -83.3 0 40.0 -51.1 104 25 814.3 814.3 327.6 814.6 0.03 82 10 31500 -42.7 -82.7 0 40.0 -51.5 90 39 860.2 860.2 328.6 860.6 0.04 83 9.2 32063 -44.1 -84.1 0 40.0 -52.6 94 40 875.6 875.6 329.0 875.9 0.04 84 8.1 32931 -37.7 -79.7 0 42.0 -50.4 99 41 933.4 933.5 330.1 934.3 0.09 85 7.7 33282 -37.3 -79.3 0 42.0 -50.4 101 41 948.6 948.7 330.4 949.7 0.10 86 7.0 33940 -38.3 -80.3 0 42.0 -51.4 105 42 970.7 970.8 330.7 971.7 0.09 87 6.0 35007 -35.2 -78.1 0 42.9 -51.0 90 65 1027.7 1027.8 331.6 1029.5 0.15 88 5.9 35125 -34.9 -77.9 0 43.0 -51.0 1034.1 1034.2 331.7 1036.1 0.16 TRP 103 16544 -70.5 -86.5 8 16.0 -70.6 110 16 388.2 388.2 303.5 388.2 0.00 WND 6.0 35007 -35.2 -78.1 0 42.9 -51.0 90 65 1027.7 1027.8 331.6 1029.5 0.15 Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5769.00 m Freezing level: 565.95 mb = 4906.25 m = 16096.43 ft Wetbulb zero: 594.08 mb = 4514.42 m = 14810.92 ft Precipitable water: 2.13 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 80.40 % Est. max temperature: 31.34 C = 88.42 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 984.20 mb = 260.43 m = 854.41 ft T: 23.41 C 700-500 lapse rate: 5.04 C/km ThetaE index: 12.72 C Layer 1000.0- 850.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 937.38 mb = 686.55 m = 2252.43 ft Mean mixing ratio: 16.64 g/kg Conv temperature: 26.58 C = 79.84 F Cap Strength: 0.53 C Lifted Index: -0.71 C Risk: Thunderstorms probable Lifted Index @300 mb: -0.01 C Lifted Index @700 mb: -0.72 C Showalter Index: 1.87 C Risk: Showers probable Total Totals Index: 40.90 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 21.90 C Cross Totals Index: 19.00 C K Index: 33.60 Risk: 60-80 % chance of thunderstorms Sweat Index: 196.00 Risk: None Energy Index: -0.71 Risk: Scattered severe thunderstorms Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 332.06 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 25.77 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 7.56 J/kg Cap Strength: 0.50 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 942.72 mb = 637.11 m = 2090.25 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): 837.72 mb = 1655.33 m = 5430.80 ft Equ Level (EL): 807.72 mb = 1966.06 m = 6450.24 ft B at Equ Level: 14.87 J/kg Max Parcel Lev (MPL): 167.72 mb = 13571.19 m = 44524.36 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 180 at 7 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 1004 98 315 6 4.2 -4.2 | 339 12 4.2 -11.0 1 1000 121 335 4 1.7 -3.6 | 351 11 1.7 -10.4 2 979 305 20 3 -1.0 -2.8 | 6 10 -1.1 -9.6 3 946 610 45 5 -3.5 -3.5 | 19 11 -3.6 -10.3 4 925 802 70 8 -7.5 -2.7 | 38 12 -7.6 -9.5 5 913 914 85 5 -5.0 -0.4 | 35 9 -5.0 -7.2 6 881 1219 100 5 -4.9 0.9 | 40 8 -5.0 -5.9 7 850 1531 50 3 -2.3 -1.9 | 15 9 -2.3 -8.7 8 821 1829 75 7 -6.8 -1.8 | 38 11 -6.8 -8.6 9 791 2134 35 7 -4.0 -5.7 | 18 13 -4.0 -12.5 10 763 2438 50 6 -4.6 -3.9 | 24 12 -4.6 -10.6 11 736 2743 30 6 -3.0 -5.2 | 14 12 -3.0 -12.0 12 700 3171 130 6 -4.6 3.9 | 58 5 -4.6 -2.9 13 659 3658 150 9 -4.5 7.8 | 103 5 -4.5 1.0 14 611 4267 165 12 -3.1 11.6 | 147 6 -3.1 4.8 15 589 4572 160 13 -4.4 12.2 | 141 7 -4.5 5.4 16 567 4877 175 15 -1.3 14.9 | 171 8 -1.3 8.2 17 506 5791 200 15 5.1 14.1 | 215 9 5.1 7.3 18 500 5890 185 16 1.4 15.9 | 188 9 1.4 9.2 19 487 6096 175 17 -1.5 16.9 | 172 10 -1.5 10.2 20 450 6706 185 22 1.9 21.9 | 187 15 1.9 15.1 21 432 7010 170 18 -3.1 17.7 | 164 11 -3.2 11.0 22 400 7610 170 17 -3.0 16.7 | 163 10 -3.0 10.0 23 399 7620 165 15 -3.9 14.5 | 153 9 -3.9 7.7 24 353 8534 165 21 -5.4 20.3 | 158 15 -5.5 13.5 25 325 9144 185 20 1.7 19.9 | 187 13 1.7 13.1 26 311 9449 190 23 4.0 22.7 | 194 16 4.0 15.9 27 300 9720 195 19 4.9 18.4 | 203 13 4.9 11.6 28 286 10058 190 17 3.0 16.7 | 196 10 2.9 10.0 29 250 10990 180 31 0.0 31.0 | 180 24 -0.0 24.2 30 239 11278 180 31 0.0 31.0 | 180 24 -0.0 24.2 31 209 12192 220 19 12.2 14.6 | 237 14 12.2 7.8 32 200 12470 205 22 9.3 19.9 | 215 16 9.3 13.2 33 190 12802 205 22 9.3 19.9 | 215 16 9.3 13.2 34 172 13411 210 24 12.0 20.8 | 221 18 12.0 14.0 35 164 13716 235 10 8.2 5.7 | 277 8 8.2 -1.0 36 156 14021 200 4 1.4 3.8 | 336 3 1.3 -3.0 37 150 14270 200 15 5.1 14.1 | 215 9 5.1 7.3 38 149 14326 200 15 5.1 14.1 | 215 9 5.1 7.3 39 141 14630 210 18 9.0 15.6 | 225 13 9.0 8.8 40 128 15240 190 32 5.6 31.5 | 193 25 5.5 24.7 41 116 15850 215 16 9.2 13.1 | 235 11 9.1 6.3 42 110 16154 115 2 -1.8 0.8 | 17 6 -1.8 -5.9 43 104 16459 60 10 -8.7 -5.0 | 36 15 -8.7 -11.8 44 103 16544 110 16 -15.0 5.5 | 85 15 -15.1 -1.3 45 100 16720 135 19 -13.4 13.4 | 116 15 -13.5 6.7 46 94 17069 135 19 -13.4 13.4 | 116 15 -13.5 6.7 47 85 17678 115 15 -13.6 6.3 | 88 14 -13.6 -0.4 48 81 17983 100 18 -17.7 3.1 | 78 18 -17.8 -3.6 49 77 18288 120 12 -10.4 6.0 | 86 10 -10.4 -0.8 50 73 18593 120 14 -12.1 7.0 | 91 12 -12.2 0.2 51 70 18880 100 11 -10.8 1.9 | 66 12 -10.9 -4.9 52 70 18898 145 10 -5.7 8.2 | 104 6 -5.8 1.4 53 66 19202 105 10 -9.7 2.6 | 67 11 -9.7 -4.2 54 63 19507 80 10 -9.8 -1.7 | 49 13 -9.9 -8.5 55 60 19812 100 11 -10.8 1.9 | 66 12 -10.9 -4.9 56 57 20117 85 19 -18.9 -1.7 | 66 21 -19.0 -8.4 57 55 20422 95 23 -22.9 2.0 | 78 23 -22.9 -4.8 58 50 20970 80 19 -18.7 -3.3 | 62 21 -18.7 -10.1 59 50 21031 85 17 -16.9 -1.5 | 64 19 -17.0 -8.3 60 47 21336 80 19 -18.7 -3.3 | 62 21 -18.7 -10.1 61 45 21641 105 21 -20.3 5.4 | 86 20 -20.3 -1.3 62 43 21946 115 18 -16.3 7.6 | 93 16 -16.3 0.8 63 41 22250 75 25 -24.1 -6.5 | 61 28 -24.2 -13.2 64 39 22555 70 22 -20.7 -7.5 | 55 25 -20.7 -14.3 65 37 22860 60 11 -9.5 -5.5 | 38 16 -9.6 -12.3 66 34 23470 100 18 -17.7 3.1 | 78 18 -17.8 -3.6 67 32 23774 85 22 -21.9 -1.9 | 68 24 -22.0 -8.7 68 31 24079 110 25 -23.5 8.6 | 94 24 -23.5 1.8 69 30 24220 115 29 -26.3 12.3 | 102 27 -26.3 5.5 70 29 24384 100 23 -22.7 4.0 | 83 23 -22.7 -2.8 71 28 24689 115 28 -25.4 11.8 | 101 26 -25.4 5.1 72 27 24994 90 27 -27.0 0.0 | 76 28 -27.0 -6.8 73 25 25298 75 27 -26.1 -7.0 | 62 30 -26.1 -13.8 74 24 25603 90 38 -38.0 0.0 | 80 39 -38.0 -6.8 75 23 25908 100 26 -25.6 4.5 | 85 26 -25.6 -2.3 76 22 26213 75 25 -24.1 -6.5 | 61 28 -24.2 -13.2 77 21 26518 65 34 -30.8 -14.4 | 56 37 -30.8 -21.1 78 20 26822 80 37 -36.4 -6.4 | 70 39 -36.5 -13.2 79 20 26850 80 35 -34.5 -6.1 | 70 37 -34.5 -12.9 80 18 27432 85 32 -31.9 -2.8 | 73 33 -31.9 -9.6 81 17 28042 80 37 -36.4 -6.4 | 70 39 -36.5 -13.2 82 16 28346 90 38 -38.0 0.0 | 80 39 -38.0 -6.8 83 15 28956 120 30 -26.0 15.0 | 108 27 -26.0 8.2 84 13 29566 115 22 -19.9 9.3 | 97 20 -20.0 2.5 85 13 29870 95 24 -23.9 2.1 | 79 24 -23.9 -4.7 86 12 30175 105 24 -23.2 6.2 | 89 23 -23.2 -0.6 87 10 31500 90 39 -39.0 0.0 | 80 40 -39.0 -6.8 88 7 33940 105 42 -40.6 10.9 | 96 41 -40.6 4.1 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 150.3 at 9.0 knts Storm direction: 180.3 at 6.8 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 2.7 neg: 0.9 tot: 3.6 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 72.3 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 61.8 neg: -24.7 tot: 37.1 m^2/s^2 ave: 12.4 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.34 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 6.8 stream: 2.3 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.09 Bulk Rich Number: 17.30 Bulk Shear: 19.19 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 16 4 6 11| 7.9 0.0 7.9| 20.4 0.0 20.4 40.7 0.91| 8.3 7.5 1000 52 5 22 11| 5.3 0.0 5.3| 33.0 -1.0 32.0 32.0 0.69| 8.4 5.7 1500 62 5 25 10| 3.5 1.1 4.6| 34.5 -8.5 26.0 17.3 0.41| 7.2 2.9 2000 62 5 26 10| 2.7 1.5 4.1| 42.1 -19.1 23.1 11.5 0.29| 7.2 2.1 2500 57 5 25 11| 2.1 1.1 3.2| 44.7 -22.6 22.1 8.8 0.25| 6.3 1.6 3000 57 5 25 11| 2.7 0.9 3.6| 61.8 -24.7 37.1 12.4 0.34| 6.8 2.3 4000 89 6 42 9| 2.8 0.7 3.5| 71.7 -24.7 47.0 11.8 0.43| 6.2 2.7 5000 125 8 70 7| 2.5 0.5 3.1| 84.3 -25.5 58.8 11.8 0.48| 5.8 2.8 6000 150 9 103 5| 2.0 0.4 2.5| 94.6 -42.0 52.7 8.8 0.36| 5.8 2.1 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KIAD/skewt/KIAD.skewt.20250707.12.gif