UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025070400.upa.cvt Date: 0000Z 4 JUL 25 Searching for KIAD... Searching the city database file for: KIAD ... Date:0000Z 4 JUL 25 Station: KIAD WMO ident: 72403 Latitude: 38.95 Longitude: -77.45 Elevation: 98.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SFC 1002 98 31.2 18.2 46 13.0 22.1 260 7 304.2 306.6 295.2 343.6 13.24 1 1000 105 30.8 16.8 43 14.0 21.2 275 6 304.0 306.2 294.3 340.0 12.12 2 998 123 30.6 16.6 43 14.0 21.0 273 6 303.9 306.1 294.2 339.6 11.99 3 925 796 24.2 15.2 57 9.0 18.1 280 11 304.1 306.2 294.1 339.3 11.82 4 895 1083 21.4 12.4 56 9.0 15.5 285 15 304.0 305.9 292.9 334.4 10.16 5 884 1190 20.6 11.6 56 9.0 14.8 289 17 304.3 306.1 292.6 333.4 9.75 6 850 1528 17.8 9.8 59 8.0 12.8 290 21 304.8 306.5 292.2 331.7 8.98 7 817 1865 14.6 8.6 67 6.0 10.9 295 22 304.9 306.5 291.9 330.7 8.61 8 782 2234 11.8 4.8 62 7.0 7.8 304 18 305.7 307.0 290.7 326.7 6.91 9 764 2428 10.0 4.0 66 6.0 6.6 314 19 305.8 307.1 290.6 326.1 6.68 10 760 2472 9.6 4.6 71 5.0 6.8 316 19 305.8 307.1 290.9 327.1 7.01 11 721 2908 7.4 -3.6 46 11.0 2.1 330 21 308.1 308.8 289.0 320.7 4.06 12 713 3000 6.8 -3.2 49 10.0 1.9 330 22 308.4 309.2 289.2 321.6 4.24 13 700 3151 5.8 -7.2 39 13.0 -0.0 330 24 308.9 309.5 288.4 318.9 3.18 14 693 3233 5.6 -8.4 36 14.0 -0.5 328 23 309.6 310.1 288.3 318.9 2.92 15 689 3280 5.2 -7.8 38 13.0 -0.6 328 23 309.6 310.2 288.5 319.4 3.08 16 687 3304 4.8 -4.2 52 9.0 0.5 327 22 309.5 310.2 289.4 322.2 4.08 17 681 3375 4.2 -3.8 56 8.0 0.4 326 21 309.6 310.4 289.6 322.8 4.24 18 678 3411 3.8 -2.2 65 6.0 0.8 325 21 309.5 310.4 290.1 324.5 4.80 19 674 3459 3.8 -8.2 41 12.0 -1.4 324 20 310.0 310.6 288.6 319.7 3.05 20 666 3555 3.0 -8.0 44 11.0 -1.8 322 19 310.2 310.8 288.8 320.2 3.14 21 658 3653 2.4 -11.6 35 14.0 -3.2 320 18 310.6 311.0 288.2 318.3 2.39 22 655 3690 3.2 -13.8 27 17.0 -3.4 320 18 311.9 312.3 288.2 318.4 2.01 23 639 3889 1.6 -13.4 32 15.0 -4.2 318 21 312.3 312.7 288.5 319.2 2.13 24 637 3914 1.6 -16.4 25 18.0 -4.9 318 21 312.6 312.9 288.1 318.1 1.66 25 628 4028 1.2 -19.8 19 21.0 -5.8 317 23 313.4 313.6 288.0 317.6 1.27 26 607 4301 0.0 -24.0 14 24.0 -7.2 314 26 315.1 315.2 288.2 318.2 0.91 27 597 4433 0.4 -28.6 9 29.0 -7.5 308 27 317.0 317.2 288.5 319.2 0.60 28 571 4789 -1.1 -38.1 4 37.0 -9.2 303 28 319.3 319.4 288.8 320.3 0.25 29 548 5114 -4.1 -34.1 8 30.0 -11.0 312 27 319.6 319.6 289.0 321.0 0.39 30 532 5347 -5.3 -32.3 10 27.0 -11.8 315 29 320.8 320.9 289.5 322.6 0.48 31 518 5555 -6.3 -41.3 4 35.0 -13.0 315 32 322.1 322.1 289.6 322.8 0.20 32 500 5830 -8.7 -43.7 4 35.0 -14.7 315 36 322.4 322.5 289.7 323.0 0.16 33 478 6178 -10.9 -40.9 6 30.0 -16.3 308 36 323.9 323.9 290.2 324.7 0.22 34 421 7141 -19.7 -47.7 6 28.0 -23.1 304 40 324.6 324.6 290.3 325.1 0.12 35 411 7319 -20.5 -49.5 6 29.0 -23.8 305 40 325.8 325.8 290.6 326.2 0.10 36 400 7520 -22.3 -51.3 5 29.0 -25.3 295 41 326.0 326.0 290.7 326.3 0.08 37 378 7931 -26.3 -51.3 8 25.0 -28.6 293 42 326.0 326.1 290.7 326.4 0.09 38 340 8687 -31.1 -58.1 5 27.0 -32.9 288 43 329.5 329.5 291.6 329.7 0.04 39 304 9469 -37.1 -60.1 7 23.0 -38.2 272 40 331.8 331.8 292.3 332.0 0.04 40 300 9560 -37.5 -60.5 7 23.0 -38.6 270 40 332.5 332.5 292.4 332.7 0.04 41 288 9841 -38.9 -60.9 8 22.0 -39.9 270 42 334.4 334.4 292.9 334.6 0.04 42 262 10485 -43.3 -62.3 11 19.0 -44.0 270 56 337.1 337.1 293.6 337.3 0.03 43 260 10537 -43.5 -61.5 12 18.0 -44.2 270 57 337.6 337.6 293.7 337.7 0.04 44 250 10800 -44.5 -67.5 6 23.0 -45.2 270 63 339.9 339.9 294.3 340.0 0.02 45 243 10989 -45.7 -68.7 6 23.0 -46.3 268 66 340.9 340.9 294.6 340.9 0.02 46 240 11072 -45.3 -69.3 5 24.0 -45.9 267 67 342.7 342.7 295.0 342.8 0.01 47 235 11212 -45.7 -70.3 5 24.6 -46.4 265 69 344.1 344.1 295.3 344.2 0.01 48 231 11326 -46.1 -71.1 4 25.0 -46.7 265 69 345.2 345.2 295.6 345.3 0.01 49 210 11953 -50.9 -72.9 6 22.0 -51.3 261 62 347.3 347.3 296.0 347.3 0.01 50 207 12046 -50.5 -74.5 4 24.0 -51.0 261 61 349.3 349.3 296.5 349.4 0.01 51 200 12270 -50.9 -75.9 4 25.0 -51.3 270 56 352.2 352.2 297.1 352.2 0.01 52 171 13282 -53.7 -81.7 2 28.0 -54.1 264 55 363.7 363.7 299.4 363.7 0.00 53 170 13320 -53.7 -80.7 2 27.0 -54.1 265 55 364.3 364.3 299.5 364.3 0.00 54 165 13512 -53.3 -83.3 1 30.0 -53.7 270 55 368.1 368.1 300.2 368.1 0.00 55 150 14120 -57.1 -83.1 2 26.0 -57.4 285 56 371.7 371.7 300.9 371.7 0.00 56 136 14735 -61.1 -82.1 5 21.0 -61.3 290 40 375.2 375.2 301.5 375.2 0.00 57 126 15208 -62.1 -85.1 3 23.0 -62.3 277 35 381.7 381.7 302.5 381.7 0.00 58 120 15511 -60.5 -85.5 2 25.0 -60.7 271 40 390.0 390.0 303.8 390.0 0.00 59 100 16640 -63.3 -87.3 2 24.0 -63.5 290 26 405.4 405.4 305.9 405.4 0.00 60 95 16954 -64.7 -87.7 3 23.0 -64.8 292 24 408.7 408.7 306.3 408.7 0.00 61 86 17564 -62.7 -88.7 2 26.0 -63.0 299 19 424.5 424.5 308.2 424.5 0.00 62 81 17932 -64.1 -89.1 2 25.0 -64.3 275 11 429.0 429.0 308.7 429.0 0.00 63 72 18656 -62.3 -89.3 2 27.0 -62.6 329 14 447.5 447.5 310.6 447.5 0.00 64 70 18830 -62.5 -89.5 1 27.0 -62.8 340 14 450.7 450.7 310.9 450.7 0.00 65 69 18919 -62.3 -89.3 2 27.0 -62.6 314 10 453.0 453.0 311.1 453.0 0.00 66 68 19009 -62.9 -89.9 1 27.0 -63.2 332 12 453.6 453.6 311.2 453.6 0.00 67 65 19289 -61.3 -89.3 1 28.0 -61.7 13 16 463.0 463.0 312.0 463.0 0.00 68 60 19785 -62.3 -90.3 1 28.0 -62.7 338 10 471.4 471.4 312.8 471.4 0.00 69 59 19890 -60.3 -89.3 1 29.0 -60.8 339 12 478.2 478.2 313.3 478.2 0.00 70 50 20930 -57.5 -88.5 1 31.0 -58.3 55 16 508.0 508.0 315.5 508.0 0.00 71 39 22514 -54.1 -86.1 1 32.0 -55.5 61 21 554.0 554.0 318.3 554.0 0.01 72 36 23027 -55.3 -87.3 1 32.0 -56.6 86 27 563.7 563.7 318.8 563.7 0.01 73 30 24200 -52.1 -86.1 1 34.0 -54.2 80 27 602.6 602.6 320.7 602.7 0.01 74 24 25650 -49.3 -84.3 1 35.0 -52.5 101 35 650.5 650.5 322.7 650.6 0.01 75 23 25928 -49.7 -84.7 1 35.0 -52.9 86 28 657.2 657.2 323.0 657.3 0.01 76 20 26850 -45.5 -82.5 1 37.0 -50.5 85 22 696.9 696.9 324.3 697.1 0.02 77 19 27193 -44.1 -82.1 1 38.0 -49.8 82 20 711.6 711.6 324.8 711.8 0.02 78 17 27938 -44.7 -82.7 1 38.0 -50.5 88 27 732.6 732.6 325.4 732.8 0.03 79 15 28777 -43.3 -82.3 1 39.0 -50.2 95 30 764.0 764.0 326.3 764.2 0.03 80 15 28777 -41.3 -82.3 0 41.0 -49.1 95 30 770.6 770.6 326.5 770.9 0.03 81 15 28777 -41.3 -81.3 1 40.0 -49.1 95 30 770.6 770.6 326.5 770.9 0.04 82 13 29743 -43.9 -82.9 1 39.0 -51.1 97 22 793.8 793.8 327.1 794.1 0.03 83 12 30283 -41.3 -82.3 0 41.0 -50.1 89 25 821.4 821.4 327.8 821.8 0.04 84 10 31530 -37.9 -79.9 0 42.0 -49.4 70 33 878.1 878.1 329.0 878.8 0.07 85 9.9 31599 -37.7 -79.7 0 42.0 -49.3 881.3 881.4 329.1 882.1 0.07 86 9.5 31883 -38.7 -80.7 0 42.0 -50.0 888.0 888.1 329.2 888.7 0.06 87 8.6 32573 -34.3 -77.3 0 43.0 -48.7 930.8 930.9 330.0 932.1 0.12 88 7.4 33629 -32.3 -76.3 0 44.0 -48.8 979.8 979.9 330.9 981.7 0.16 89 7.3 33725 -31.9 -75.9 0 44.0 -48.7 985.3 985.4 330.9 987.3 0.17 TRP 136 14735 -61.1 -82.1 5 21.0 -61.3 290 40 375.2 375.2 301.5 375.2 0.00 WND 235 11212 -45.7 -70.3 5 24.6 -46.4 265 69 344.1 344.1 295.3 344.2 0.01 Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5725.00 m Freezing level: 590.07 mb = 4528.09 m = 14855.74 ft Wetbulb zero: 700.26 mb = 3147.94 m = 10327.75 ft Precipitable water: 1.18 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 37.91 % Est. max temperature: 31.79 C = 89.22 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 830.14 mb = 1729.22 m = 5673.21 ft T: 15.89 C 700-500 lapse rate: 5.41 C/km ThetaE index: 17.48 C Layer 1000.0- 760.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 793.76 mb = 2107.95 m = 6915.76 ft Mean mixing ratio: 11.75 g/kg Conv temperature: 32.45 C = 90.42 F Cap Strength: 0.97 C Lifted Index: -1.51 C Risk: Thunderstorms probable Lifted Index @300 mb: -2.83 C Lifted Index @700 mb: -1.54 C Showalter Index: 1.71 C Risk: Showers probable Total Totals Index: 45.00 C Risk: Scattered moderate thunderstorms Vertical Totals Index: 26.50 C Cross Totals Index: 18.50 C K Index: 23.30 Risk: 20-40 % chance of thunderstorms Sweat Index: 195.60 Risk: None Energy Index: -1.62 Risk: Scattered severe thunderstorms Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 710.98 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 37.71 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 23.17 J/kg Cap Strength: 0.97 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 810.11 mb = 1936.24 m = 6352.40 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): 775.11 mb = 2307.50 m = 7570.45 ft Equ Level (EL): 255.11 mb = 10664.04 m = 34986.58 ft B at Equ Level: 704.76 J/kg Max Parcel Lev (MPL): 175.11 mb = 13128.90 m = 43073.30 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 339 at 17 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 1002 98 260 7 6.9 1.2 | 183 17 0.8 16.7 1 1000 105 275 6 6.0 -0.5 | 180 15 -0.1 14.9 2 978 305 255 10 9.7 2.6 | 191 18 3.6 18.0 3 945 610 260 12 11.8 2.1 | 198 18 5.8 17.5 4 925 796 280 11 10.8 -1.9 | 199 14 4.8 13.5 5 912 914 280 12 11.8 -2.1 | 203 15 5.8 13.4 6 881 1219 290 18 16.9 -6.2 | 229 14 10.8 9.3 7 850 1528 290 21 19.7 -7.2 | 239 16 13.7 8.3 8 820 1829 295 22 19.9 -9.3 | 246 15 13.9 6.2 9 791 2134 300 18 15.6 -9.0 | 236 12 9.5 6.5 10 762 2438 315 19 13.4 -13.4 | 255 8 7.4 2.0 11 735 2743 330 19 9.5 -16.5 | 286 4 3.4 -1.0 12 700 3151 330 24 12.0 -20.8 | 312 8 5.9 -5.3 13 657 3658 320 18 11.6 -13.8 | 253 6 5.5 1.7 14 608 4267 315 26 18.4 -18.4 | 283 13 12.3 -2.9 15 586 4572 300 29 25.1 -14.5 | 267 19 19.0 1.0 16 564 4877 305 28 22.9 -16.1 | 272 17 16.9 -0.6 17 542 5182 315 27 19.1 -19.1 | 286 14 13.0 -3.6 18 500 5830 315 36 25.5 -25.5 | 297 22 19.4 -10.0 19 483 6096 310 36 27.6 -23.1 | 290 23 21.5 -7.7 20 464 6401 300 38 32.9 -19.0 | 278 27 26.8 -3.5 21 411 7315 305 40 32.8 -22.9 | 286 28 26.7 -7.5 22 400 7520 295 41 37.2 -17.3 | 273 31 31.1 -1.9 23 394 7620 295 41 37.2 -17.3 | 273 31 31.1 -1.9 24 347 8534 290 44 41.3 -15.0 | 269 35 35.3 0.4 25 318 9144 280 41 40.4 -7.1 | 256 35 34.3 8.3 26 300 9560 270 40 40.0 -0.0 | 246 37 33.9 15.5 27 292 9754 270 40 40.0 -0.0 | 246 37 33.9 15.5 28 250 10800 270 63 63.0 -0.0 | 255 59 56.9 15.5 29 235 11212 265 69 68.7 6.0 | 251 66 62.7 21.5 30 233 11278 265 69 68.7 6.0 | 251 66 62.7 21.5 31 202 12192 260 60 59.1 10.4 | 244 59 53.0 25.9 32 200 12270 270 56 56.0 -0.0 | 253 52 49.9 15.5 33 193 12497 270 55 55.0 -0.0 | 252 51 48.9 15.5 34 176 13106 260 55 54.2 9.6 | 243 54 48.1 25.0 35 150 14120 285 56 54.1 -14.5 | 269 48 48.0 1.0 36 138 14630 290 48 45.1 -16.4 | 271 39 39.0 -1.0 37 136 14735 290 40 37.6 -13.7 | 267 32 31.5 1.8 38 132 14935 290 39 36.6 -13.3 | 266 31 30.6 2.1 39 125 15240 275 35 34.9 -3.1 | 247 31 28.8 12.4 40 119 15545 270 41 41.0 -0.0 | 246 38 34.9 15.5 41 114 15850 300 39 33.8 -19.5 | 278 28 27.7 -4.0 42 100 16640 290 26 24.4 -8.9 | 250 20 18.4 6.6 43 98 16764 290 26 24.4 -8.9 | 250 20 18.4 6.6 44 84 17678 300 18 15.6 -9.0 | 236 12 9.5 6.5 45 80 17983 270 10 10.0 -0.0 | 194 16 3.9 15.5 46 76 18288 285 11 10.6 -2.8 | 200 13 4.6 12.6 47 73 18593 325 14 8.0 -11.5 | 206 4 2.0 4.0 48 70 18830 340 14 4.8 -13.2 | 151 3 -1.3 2.3 49 69 18898 310 10 7.7 -6.4 | 190 9 1.6 9.0 50 66 19202 10 16 -2.8 -15.8 | 88 9 -8.8 -0.3 51 63 19507 20 16 -5.5 -15.0 | 92 12 -11.5 0.4 52 60 19812 335 10 4.2 -9.1 | 164 7 -1.8 6.4 53 57 20117 350 16 2.8 -15.8 | 85 3 -3.3 -0.3 54 54 20422 30 16 -8.0 -13.9 | 96 14 -14.1 1.6 55 52 20726 100 10 -9.8 1.7 | 137 23 -15.9 17.2 56 50 20930 55 16 -13.1 -9.2 | 108 20 -19.2 6.3 57 49 21031 35 10 -5.7 -8.2 | 122 14 -11.8 7.3 58 47 21336 70 17 -16.0 -5.8 | 114 24 -22.0 9.6 59 45 21641 105 15 -14.5 3.9 | 133 28 -20.6 19.3 60 43 21946 85 12 -12.0 -1.0 | 129 23 -18.0 14.4 61 41 22250 50 14 -10.7 -9.0 | 111 18 -16.8 6.5 62 37 22860 75 29 -28.0 -7.5 | 103 35 -34.1 7.9 63 35 23165 95 26 -25.9 2.3 | 119 37 -32.0 17.7 64 34 23470 75 19 -18.4 -4.9 | 113 27 -24.4 10.5 65 32 23774 70 25 -23.5 -8.6 | 103 30 -29.6 6.9 66 31 24079 90 26 -26.0 0.0 | 116 36 -32.1 15.5 67 30 24200 80 27 -26.6 -4.7 | 108 34 -32.7 10.8 68 29 24384 75 24 -23.2 -6.2 | 108 31 -29.2 9.2 69 24 25603 105 36 -34.8 9.3 | 121 48 -40.8 24.8 70 23 25908 85 28 -27.9 -2.4 | 111 36 -34.0 13.0 71 22 26213 100 27 -26.6 4.7 | 122 38 -32.7 20.1 72 20 26822 95 19 -18.9 1.7 | 124 30 -25.0 17.1 73 20 26850 85 22 -21.9 -1.9 | 116 31 -28.0 13.5 74 18 27432 80 19 -18.7 -3.3 | 116 28 -24.8 12.2 75 16 28346 95 34 -33.9 3.0 | 115 44 -39.9 18.4 76 15 28956 95 28 -27.9 2.4 | 118 38 -34.0 17.9 77 14 29261 120 22 -19.1 11.0 | 136 36 -25.1 26.5 78 13 29566 100 21 -20.7 3.6 | 126 33 -26.7 19.1 79 10 31530 70 33 -31.0 -11.3 | 96 37 -37.1 4.2 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 308.6 at 22.1 knts Storm direction: 338.6 at 16.6 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 3.8 neg: 0.8 tot: 4.7 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 127.5 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 83.1 neg: -6.3 tot: 76.8 m^2/s^2 ave: 25.6 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.57 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 6.9 stream: 3.9 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.31 Bulk Rich Number: 17.69 Bulk Shear: 40.19 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 259 10 191 18| 0.0 5.1 5.1| 21.4 0.0 21.4 42.9 0.78| 6.1 4.7 1000 269 11 198 16| 3.7 2.5 6.2| 42.0 0.0 42.0 42.0 0.67| 7.7 5.1 1500 279 14 209 15| 4.3 1.7 6.0| 63.8 0.0 63.8 42.6 0.74| 7.2 5.3 2000 285 16 218 15| 3.1 1.3 4.4| 69.2 -6.3 63.0 31.5 0.57| 6.7 3.9 2500 291 16 223 13| 3.6 1.0 4.6| 78.4 -6.3 72.1 28.8 0.56| 7.0 3.9 3000 299 17 230 11| 3.8 0.8 4.7| 83.1 -6.3 76.8 25.6 0.57| 6.9 3.9 4000 306 18 240 10| 2.9 1.3 4.2| 89.3 -16.2 73.2 18.3 0.38| 6.7 2.6 5000 307 20 250 11| 2.7 2.0 4.7|108.1 -33.1 75.0 15.0 0.30| 7.0 2.1 6000 309 22 262 11| 2.7 2.0 4.7|126.8 -50.0 76.9 12.8 0.27| 6.9 1.9 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KIAD/skewt/KIAD.skewt.20250704.00.gif