UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025070112.upa.cvt Date: 1200Z 1 JUL 25 Searching for KIAD... Searching the city database file for: KIAD ... Date:1200Z 1 JUL 25 Station: KIAD WMO ident: 72403 Latitude: 38.95 Longitude: -77.45 Elevation: 98.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SFC 1002 98 25.8 23.3 86 2.5 24.0 210 8 298.8 302.1 297.1 352.0 18.26 1 1000 105 25.8 23.0 85 2.8 23.8 215 9 299.0 302.2 296.9 351.4 17.96 2 970 373 23.2 21.9 92 1.3 22.3 230 14 298.9 302.1 296.5 349.4 17.30 3 960 464 24.0 21.3 85 2.7 22.1 244 13 300.6 303.7 296.7 350.1 16.84 4 954 520 25.6 19.6 69 6.0 21.3 252 13 302.8 305.6 296.1 347.9 15.22 5 950 557 25.6 18.6 65 7.0 20.7 257 13 303.2 305.8 295.7 345.7 14.34 6 925 792 24.0 18.0 69 6.0 19.8 270 13 303.8 306.5 295.7 346.0 14.18 7 885 1178 20.8 16.3 75 4.5 17.7 269 15 304.4 306.9 295.3 344.0 13.29 8 850 1527 19.0 14.0 73 5.0 15.7 265 15 306.0 308.3 294.7 341.8 11.91 9 837 1660 18.4 12.4 68 6.0 14.5 263 17 306.8 308.8 294.2 339.5 10.87 10 828 1752 17.4 13.3 77 4.1 14.7 261 19 306.7 308.8 294.7 341.8 11.67 11 813 1909 16.8 9.8 63 7.0 12.4 260 20 307.6 309.4 293.3 336.1 9.40 12 806 1983 16.2 8.2 59 8.0 11.3 260 20 307.8 309.4 292.7 333.6 8.50 13 791 2142 14.8 10.1 73 4.7 11.8 260 20 307.9 309.8 293.8 337.8 9.86 14 787 2185 14.8 8.8 67 6.0 11.1 259 20 308.4 310.1 293.3 336.0 9.07 15 785 2207 14.4 10.4 77 4.0 11.9 258 20 308.2 310.1 294.0 338.9 10.14 16 782 2239 14.2 8.2 67 6.0 10.5 257 20 308.3 309.9 293.0 335.0 8.76 17 778 2283 13.8 8.8 72 5.0 10.7 255 20 308.3 310.0 293.4 336.2 9.18 18 773 2337 13.2 10.4 83 2.8 11.4 254 20 308.2 310.2 294.2 339.5 10.30 19 754 2547 11.8 10.6 92 1.2 11.0 253 20 308.9 310.9 294.7 341.5 10.71 20 732 2795 10.6 7.7 82 2.9 8.8 259 22 310.2 311.9 293.8 338.0 9.05 21 700 3167 8.6 6.5 87 2.1 7.3 255 27 312.0 313.7 294.0 338.9 8.71 22 691 3274 7.8 6.7 93 1.1 7.1 253 27 312.3 314.0 294.3 339.9 8.95 23 685 3346 7.8 5.6 86 2.2 6.5 251 27 313.1 314.6 294.1 339.0 8.36 24 678 3431 7.2 5.4 88 1.8 6.1 250 28 313.3 314.9 294.1 339.2 8.33 25 662 3627 6.4 1.4 70 5.0 3.7 246 28 314.6 315.8 293.0 334.7 6.41 26 660 3652 6.4 1.8 72 4.6 3.8 245 28 314.8 316.1 293.2 335.6 6.62 27 644 3853 4.4 3.3 93 1.1 3.8 245 30 314.8 316.2 293.9 338.5 7.56 28 638 3929 4.2 3.4 95 0.8 3.7 245 31 315.4 316.9 294.2 339.5 7.69 29 607 4333 2.0 1.1 94 0.9 1.5 245 29 317.4 318.7 294.1 339.1 6.85 30 596 4481 1.2 -0.5 88 1.7 0.3 243 29 318.1 319.3 293.8 337.9 6.20 31 594 4508 1.6 -1.3 81 2.9 0.1 243 29 318.9 320.0 293.7 337.7 5.87 32 589 4576 1.0 -2.0 80 3.0 -0.6 243 29 319.0 320.1 293.6 337.0 5.62 33 559 4994 -2.9 -2.9 100 0.0 -2.9 239 28 319.2 320.2 293.6 337.0 5.54 34 558 5008 -2.9 -3.2 98 0.3 -3.1 239 28 319.3 320.4 293.5 336.8 5.42 35 557 5023 -2.5 -4.4 87 1.9 -3.4 239 28 320.0 320.9 293.3 336.0 4.96 36 556 5037 -0.3 -7.3 59 7.0 -3.6 239 28 322.7 323.5 293.3 335.8 3.98 37 554 5066 0.0 -7.0 59 7.0 -3.3 238 28 323.4 324.2 293.6 336.9 4.09 38 546 5182 -1.1 -8.1 59 7.0 -4.3 237 28 323.5 324.2 293.3 336.1 3.80 39 540 5270 -1.5 -8.5 59 7.0 -4.7 236 28 324.0 324.7 293.4 336.4 3.73 40 534 5359 -1.9 -10.9 50 9.0 -5.8 235 28 324.6 325.2 293.0 335.0 3.12 41 506 5786 -4.9 -10.9 63 6.0 -7.5 231 27 326.0 326.6 293.6 337.0 3.29 42 500 5880 -5.1 -11.1 63 6.0 -7.7 230 27 326.8 327.5 293.8 337.9 3.28 43 497 5927 -5.5 -12.5 58 7.0 -8.4 230 27 326.9 327.5 293.6 336.9 2.95 44 494 5975 -6.1 -12.1 62 6.0 -8.6 230 27 326.7 327.3 293.6 337.1 3.06 45 463 6477 -9.9 -14.5 69 4.6 -11.6 239 23 328.1 328.6 293.6 337.3 2.69 46 449 6713 -11.5 -17.5 61 6.0 -13.6 245 21 329.0 329.4 293.4 336.5 2.16 47 442 6833 -12.1 -20.1 51 8.0 -14.7 239 20 329.7 330.1 293.3 335.9 1.75 48 437 6920 -12.5 -19.5 56 7.0 -14.8 235 20 330.3 330.7 293.5 336.8 1.87 49 431 7025 -13.1 -22.1 47 9.0 -15.9 230 19 330.8 331.1 293.4 336.2 1.51 50 429 7061 -12.9 -24.9 36 12.0 -16.3 230 19 331.5 331.8 293.3 335.8 1.18 51 427 7096 -13.1 -24.1 39 11.0 -16.3 230 19 331.7 332.0 293.4 336.3 1.28 52 426 7114 -13.3 -21.3 51 8.0 -15.8 230 19 331.7 332.0 293.7 337.5 1.64 53 423 7168 -13.7 -20.7 55 7.0 -15.9 230 20 331.8 332.2 293.8 338.0 1.74 54 420 7222 -14.1 -22.1 51 8.0 -16.5 230 20 332.0 332.3 293.7 337.5 1.55 55 400 7590 -16.5 -23.5 55 7.0 -18.5 230 21 333.5 333.8 294.0 338.7 1.44 56 300 9700 -31.1 -34.4 73 3.3 -31.6 235 15 341.5 341.7 295.3 344.2 0.69 57 250 10960 -41.5 -47.5 52 6.0 -41.9 240 12 344.4 344.4 295.6 345.2 0.21 58 200 12430 -53.7 -60.7 42 7.0 -53.9 215 16 347.7 347.7 296.2 348.0 0.05 59 150 14220 -67.9 -71.8 57 3.9 -67.9 285 29 353.1 353.1 297.3 353.2 0.02 60 140 14630 -70.1 -74.1 56 4.0 -70.1 300 14 356.3 356.3 298.0 356.3 0.01 61 100 16650 -64.5 -86.5 3 22.0 -64.7 280 24 403.1 403.1 305.6 403.1 0.00 62 97 16836 -63.7 -86.7 3 23.0 -63.9 284 20 408.2 408.2 306.3 408.2 0.00 63 82 17859 -67.1 -88.1 4 21.0 -67.2 168 8 421.3 421.3 307.9 421.3 0.00 64 79 18085 -64.9 -87.9 3 23.0 -65.1 263 9 430.4 430.4 308.9 430.4 0.00 65 73 18565 -66.1 -88.1 3 22.0 -66.3 79 10 437.7 437.7 309.6 437.7 0.00 66 70 18820 -65.3 -88.3 3 23.0 -65.5 290 8 444.7 444.7 310.3 444.7 0.00 67 68 18996 -64.7 -88.7 2 24.0 -65.0 306 8 449.7 449.7 310.8 449.7 0.00 68 64 19369 -61.3 -88.3 2 27.0 -61.7 338 9 465.0 465.0 312.2 465.0 0.00 69 57 20090 -59.1 -88.1 1 29.0 -59.7 40 9 485.7 485.7 313.9 485.7 0.00 70 53 20545 -59.1 -87.1 1 28.0 -59.7 80 10 495.9 495.9 314.7 495.9 0.00 71 50 20910 -58.5 -87.5 1 29.0 -59.2 115 4 505.6 505.6 315.4 505.6 0.00 72 42 22010 -57.7 -86.7 1 29.0 -58.6 105 11 533.5 533.5 317.1 533.5 0.01 73 35 23175 -52.7 -85.7 1 33.0 -54.5 76 13 575.1 575.1 319.4 575.1 0.01 74 33 23554 -53.5 -85.5 1 32.0 -55.2 94 15 582.7 582.7 319.8 582.7 0.01 75 30 24170 -52.1 -85.1 1 33.0 -54.2 75 12 602.6 602.6 320.7 602.7 0.01 76 26 25100 -49.7 -84.7 1 35.0 -52.7 89 19 634.6 634.6 322.1 634.7 0.01 77 24 25622 -51.1 -85.1 1 34.0 -53.9 89 24 645.2 645.2 322.5 645.3 0.01 78 22 26189 -49.7 -84.7 1 35.0 -53.1 87 27 665.7 665.7 323.3 665.8 0.01 79 20 26810 -51.1 -85.1 1 34.0 -54.3 75 28 679.8 679.8 323.7 679.9 0.01 80 15 28715 -44.7 -82.7 1 38.0 -51.0 86 39 759.3 759.3 326.2 759.6 0.03 81 14 29178 -44.9 -82.9 1 38.0 -51.4 90 44 773.8 773.8 326.6 774.0 0.03 82 12 30219 -41.9 -81.9 1 40.0 -50.4 80 25 819.3 819.3 327.7 819.7 0.04 83 11 30809 -42.3 -82.3 0 40.0 -51.0 80 30 838.5 838.5 328.1 838.9 0.04 84 10 31460 -38.7 -80.7 0 42.0 -49.7 80 35 875.1 875.1 329.0 875.7 0.06 85 9.9 31529 -38.5 -80.5 0 42.0 -49.7 81 35 878.4 878.4 329.0 879.0 0.06 86 7.9 33084 -36.3 -79.3 0 43.0 -49.9 103 38 945.7 945.8 330.3 946.7 0.09 87 7.4 33536 -37.1 -79.1 0 42.0 -50.5 110 39 960.3 960.4 330.5 961.5 0.10 88 7.0 33920 -37.1 -79.1 0 42.0 -50.9 115 40 975.7 975.7 330.8 976.9 0.11 89 6.3 34655 -32.9 -76.9 0 44.0 -50.0 1023.4 1023.5 331.6 1025.5 0.17 TRP 140 14630 -70.1 -74.1 56 4.0 -70.1 300 14 356.3 356.3 298.0 356.3 0.01 WND Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5775.00 m Freezing level: 581.31 mb = 4683.30 m = 15364.96 ft Freezing level: 554.00 mb = 5065.75 m = 16619.72 ft Freezing level: 554.00 mb = 5065.75 m = 16619.72 ft Wetbulb zero: 593.39 mb = 4516.25 m = 14816.90 ft Precipitable water: 2.08 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 77.88 % Est. max temperature: 32.98 C = 91.36 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 966.62 mb = 404.04 m = 1325.57 ft T: 23.47 C 700-500 lapse rate: 5.05 C/km ThetaE index: 8.22 C Layer 813.0- 791.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 832.08 mb = 1710.19 m = 5610.78 ft Mean mixing ratio: 15.63 g/kg Conv temperature: 33.73 C = 92.72 F Cap Strength: 2.48 C Lifted Index: -1.37 C Risk: Thunderstorms probable Lifted Index @300 mb: -1.53 C Lifted Index @700 mb: -1.38 C Showalter Index: 0.97 C Risk: Thunderstorms probable Total Totals Index: 43.20 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 24.10 C Cross Totals Index: 19.10 C K Index: 36.00 Risk: > 80 % chance of thunderstorms Sweat Index: 225.00 Risk: None Energy Index: -0.80 Risk: Scattered severe thunderstorms Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 681.26 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 36.91 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 92.17 J/kg Cap Strength: 2.48 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 893.56 mb = 1093.89 m = 3588.82 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): 778.56 mb = 2276.73 m = 7469.48 ft Equ Level (EL): 198.56 mb = 12475.11 m = 40928.33 ft B at Equ Level: 675.72 J/kg Max Parcel Lev (MPL): 118.56 mb = 15628.29 m = 51273.31 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 277 at 17 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 1002 98 210 8 4.0 6.9 | 125 16 -13.0 9.0 1 1000 105 215 9 5.2 7.4 | 129 15 -11.8 9.5 2 978 305 220 14 9.0 10.7 | 148 15 -8.0 12.8 3 944 610 265 13 13.0 1.1 | 128 5 -4.0 3.2 4 925 792 270 13 13.0 -0.0 | 118 5 -4.0 2.1 5 912 914 265 13 13.0 1.1 | 128 5 -4.0 3.2 6 881 1219 270 15 15.0 -0.0 | 136 3 -2.0 2.1 7 850 1527 265 15 14.9 1.3 | 149 4 -2.1 3.4 8 820 1829 260 20 19.7 3.5 | 206 6 2.7 5.6 9 791 2134 260 20 19.7 3.5 | 206 6 2.7 5.6 10 763 2438 250 20 18.8 6.8 | 191 9 1.8 8.9 11 736 2743 260 21 20.7 3.6 | 213 7 3.7 5.7 12 700 3167 255 27 26.1 7.0 | 225 13 9.1 9.1 13 659 3658 245 28 25.4 11.8 | 211 16 8.4 13.9 14 634 3962 245 32 29.0 13.5 | 218 20 12.0 15.6 15 611 4267 245 29 26.3 12.3 | 213 17 9.3 14.3 16 566 4877 240 28 24.2 14.0 | 204 18 7.3 16.1 17 500 5880 230 27 20.7 17.4 | 191 20 3.7 19.4 18 486 6096 230 26 19.9 16.7 | 189 19 2.9 18.8 19 449 6706 245 21 19.0 8.9 | 191 11 2.0 11.0 20 431 7010 230 19 14.6 12.2 | 170 15 -2.4 14.3 21 400 7590 230 21 16.1 13.5 | 177 16 -0.9 15.6 22 398 7620 225 19 13.4 13.4 | 167 16 -3.6 15.5 23 352 8534 225 20 14.1 14.1 | 170 16 -2.9 16.2 24 337 8839 240 20 17.3 10.0 | 182 12 0.3 12.1 25 324 9144 235 18 14.7 10.3 | 170 13 -2.3 12.4 26 310 9449 225 17 12.0 12.0 | 161 15 -5.0 14.1 27 300 9700 235 15 12.3 8.6 | 156 12 -4.7 10.7 28 261 10668 240 12 10.4 6.0 | 141 10 -6.6 8.1 29 250 10960 240 12 10.4 6.0 | 141 10 -6.6 8.1 30 250 10973 245 13 11.8 5.5 | 145 9 -5.2 7.6 31 227 11582 200 16 5.5 15.0 | 146 21 -11.5 17.1 32 207 12192 185 15 1.3 14.9 | 137 23 -15.7 17.0 33 200 12430 215 16 9.2 13.1 | 153 17 -7.8 15.2 34 179 13106 245 19 17.2 8.0 | 181 10 0.2 10.1 35 155 14021 260 24 23.6 4.2 | 227 9 6.6 6.3 36 150 14220 285 29 28.0 -7.5 | 296 12 11.0 -5.4 37 147 14326 285 30 29.0 -7.8 | 295 13 12.0 -5.7 38 140 14630 300 14 12.1 -7.0 | 45 7 -4.9 -4.9 39 140 14630 295 24 21.8 -10.1 | 329 9 4.8 -8.1 40 133 14935 300 11 9.5 -5.5 | 65 8 -7.5 -3.4 41 126 15240 145 14 -8.0 11.5 | 118 28 -25.0 13.6 42 120 15545 160 19 -6.5 17.9 | 130 31 -23.5 19.9 43 114 15850 215 17 9.8 13.9 | 156 18 -7.2 16.0 44 109 16154 230 20 15.3 12.9 | 174 15 -1.7 14.9 45 103 16459 240 31 26.8 15.5 | 209 20 9.8 17.6 46 100 16650 280 24 23.6 -4.2 | 287 7 6.6 -2.1 47 93 17069 290 14 13.2 -4.8 | 55 5 -3.8 -2.7 48 89 17374 300 10 8.7 -5.0 | 71 9 -8.3 -2.9 49 84 17678 80 4 -3.9 -0.7 | 94 21 -20.9 1.4 50 80 17983 230 10 7.7 6.4 | 132 13 -9.3 8.5 51 76 18288 330 6 3.0 -5.2 | 77 14 -14.0 -3.1 52 73 18593 90 10 -10.0 0.0 | 94 27 -27.0 2.1 53 70 18820 290 8 7.5 -2.7 | 86 10 -9.5 -0.7 54 51 20726 95 10 -10.0 0.9 | 96 27 -27.0 3.0 55 50 20910 115 4 -3.6 1.7 | 100 21 -20.6 3.8 56 49 21031 90 14 -14.0 0.0 | 94 31 -31.0 2.1 57 47 21336 330 1 0.5 -0.9 | 94 17 -16.5 1.2 58 45 21641 40 14 -9.0 -10.7 | 72 27 -26.0 -8.6 59 43 21946 120 11 -9.5 5.5 | 106 28 -26.5 7.6 60 41 22250 60 10 -8.7 -5.0 | 84 26 -25.7 -2.9 61 37 22860 85 13 -13.0 -1.1 | 92 30 -29.9 1.0 62 35 23165 75 13 -12.6 -3.4 | 88 30 -29.6 -1.3 63 33 23470 85 17 -16.9 -1.5 | 91 34 -33.9 0.6 64 32 23774 115 11 -10.0 4.6 | 104 28 -27.0 6.7 65 30 24079 55 12 -9.8 -6.9 | 80 27 -26.8 -4.8 66 30 24170 75 12 -11.6 -3.1 | 88 29 -28.6 -1.0 67 29 24384 95 14 -13.9 1.2 | 96 31 -30.9 3.3 68 28 24689 65 20 -18.1 -8.5 | 80 36 -35.1 -6.4 69 25 25298 100 19 -18.7 3.3 | 99 36 -35.7 5.4 70 23 25908 80 28 -27.6 -4.9 | 86 45 -44.6 -2.8 71 21 26518 95 25 -24.9 2.2 | 96 42 -41.9 4.3 72 20 26810 75 28 -27.0 -7.2 | 83 44 -44.0 -5.2 73 20 26822 60 22 -19.1 -11.0 | 76 37 -36.0 -8.9 74 18 27432 80 29 -28.6 -5.0 | 86 46 -45.6 -3.0 75 17 27737 95 28 -27.9 2.4 | 96 45 -44.9 4.5 76 17 28042 80 31 -30.5 -5.4 | 86 48 -47.5 -3.3 77 14 29261 90 45 -45.0 0.0 | 92 62 -62.0 2.1 78 13 29566 100 35 -34.5 6.1 | 99 52 -51.5 8.2 79 12 30175 80 25 -24.6 -4.3 | 87 42 -41.6 -2.3 80 10 31460 80 35 -34.5 -6.1 | 86 52 -51.5 -4.0 81 7 33920 115 40 -36.3 16.9 | 110 57 -53.2 19.0 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 247.0 at 22.8 knts Storm direction: 277.0 at 17.1 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 2.8 neg: 1.3 tot: 4.1 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 99.5 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 43.3 neg: -9.2 tot: 34.1 m^2/s^2 ave: 11.4 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.32 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 6.6 stream: 2.1 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.14 Bulk Rich Number: 40.84 Bulk Shear: 16.68 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 232 13 144 12| 10.8 0.0 10.8| 26.1 -4.4 21.7 43.3 0.26| 16.9 4.4 1000 250 13 143 8| 6.2 0.0 6.2| 27.5 -5.9 21.6 21.6 0.21| 10.4 2.2 1500 257 14 144 6| 4.1 0.8 4.9| 29.6 -5.9 23.7 15.8 0.28| 8.0 2.2 2000 258 15 156 6| 3.1 1.6 4.7| 33.6 -5.9 27.7 13.8 0.35| 7.0 2.5 2500 257 16 166 6| 2.5 1.5 4.0| 36.3 -9.2 27.1 10.8 0.29| 6.6 1.9 3000 257 17 177 6| 2.8 1.3 4.1| 43.3 -9.2 34.1 11.4 0.32| 6.6 2.1 4000 254 20 197 8| 2.1 1.8 3.9| 50.8 -23.2 27.5 6.9 0.22| 6.3 1.4 5000 251 22 201 10| 1.7 1.4 3.1| 50.8 -44.0 6.8 1.4 0.11| 5.6 0.6 6000 247 23 200 12| 1.4 1.3 2.7| 50.8 -64.4 -13.6 -2.3 0.03| 5.1 0.2 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KIAD/skewt/KIAD.skewt.20250701.12.gif