UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025072500.upa.cvt Date: 0000Z 25 JUL 25 Searching for KDDC... Searching the city database file for: KDDC ... Date:0000Z 25 JUL 25 Station: KDDC WMO ident: 72451 Latitude: 37.77 Longitude: -99.97 Elevation: 790.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 1000 89 SFC 925 790 30.6 21.6 59 9.0 23.9 30 9 310.6 314.0 299.7 365.1 17.83 2 923 809 28.6 19.6 58 9.0 22.1 32 9 308.7 311.7 298.0 356.5 15.74 3 850 1531 21.6 18.0 80 3.6 19.1 65 3 308.8 311.7 297.8 355.7 15.46 4 849 1541 21.4 18.2 82 3.2 19.1 66 3 308.7 311.6 298.0 356.2 15.68 5 791 2152 16.6 15.5 93 1.1 15.8 124 6 309.8 312.5 297.3 352.9 14.15 6 787 2195 16.2 15.2 94 1.0 15.5 119 5 309.9 312.5 297.1 352.3 13.94 7 785 2217 16.2 15.1 93 1.1 15.4 116 5 310.1 312.7 297.1 352.4 13.89 8 748 2628 14.6 11.9 84 2.7 12.8 33 3 312.7 314.9 296.4 349.0 11.79 9 743 2685 14.8 11.0 78 3.8 12.3 15 3 313.5 315.6 296.2 348.1 11.17 10 738 2742 14.6 10.8 78 3.8 12.1 357 3 313.9 316.0 296.3 348.3 11.10 11 700 3188 11.2 8.6 84 2.6 9.6 335 4 314.9 316.8 295.8 346.3 10.08 12 697 3224 11.0 8.7 86 2.3 9.5 333 3 315.1 317.0 295.9 346.8 10.19 13 687 3345 10.4 7.4 82 3.0 8.5 326 1 315.7 317.5 295.6 345.3 9.45 14 685 3369 10.4 5.7 73 4.7 7.5 321 1 316.0 317.6 294.9 342.4 8.42 15 681 3418 10.2 5.2 71 5.0 7.2 306 2 316.3 317.8 294.8 342.0 8.18 16 676 3479 9.4 5.3 76 4.1 6.9 288 3 316.0 317.6 294.8 342.1 8.30 17 671 3541 9.4 4.4 71 5.0 6.4 269 4 316.7 318.2 294.7 341.4 7.84 18 632 4036 7.2 0.2 61 7.0 3.3 266 6 319.7 320.9 294.2 339.4 6.15 19 605 4395 4.6 -1.4 65 6.0 1.4 272 7 320.7 321.8 294.1 339.2 5.72 20 598 4490 4.4 -4.6 52 9.0 -0.2 256 9 321.5 322.4 293.4 336.4 4.55 21 588 4627 3.8 -4.2 56 8.0 -0.3 242 11 322.4 323.3 293.8 338.0 4.77 22 575 4809 2.4 -5.6 55 8.0 -1.6 251 14 322.8 323.7 293.6 337.2 4.38 23 569 4894 2.2 -7.8 48 10.0 -2.5 255 16 323.5 324.3 293.3 335.9 3.74 24 565 4951 2.6 -8.4 44 11.0 -2.6 259 17 324.7 325.4 293.5 336.6 3.59 25 554 5110 2.2 -7.8 48 10.0 -2.6 269 18 326.0 326.8 294.0 338.9 3.84 26 544 5257 1.0 -9.0 47 10.0 -3.6 271 20 326.3 327.0 293.9 338.2 3.56 27 542 5287 0.6 -7.4 55 8.0 -3.3 269 20 326.2 327.0 294.3 339.7 4.05 28 529 5482 -0.9 -6.9 64 6.0 -3.8 256 22 326.6 327.5 294.6 341.0 4.31 29 509 5789 -3.1 -9.1 63 6.0 -5.8 265 18 327.6 328.3 294.4 340.3 3.77 30 508 5804 -3.3 -9.3 63 6.0 -6.0 265 18 327.5 328.3 294.3 340.1 3.72 31 500 5930 -3.9 -10.9 58 7.0 -7.0 265 20 328.3 329.0 294.2 339.6 3.33 32 486 6154 -4.9 -13.9 49 9.0 -8.5 258 18 329.7 330.3 294.1 339.0 2.69 33 481 6235 -5.5 -12.5 58 7.0 -8.4 256 18 330.0 330.6 294.4 340.4 3.04 34 479 6268 -5.5 -12.5 58 7.0 -8.5 255 17 330.4 331.0 294.5 340.8 3.06 35 465 6501 -6.1 -16.1 45 10.0 -9.9 239 17 332.4 332.9 294.4 340.6 2.34 36 439 6948 -10.1 -18.1 52 8.0 -12.9 217 16 332.9 333.3 294.4 340.3 2.10 37 429 7125 -11.3 -20.3 47 9.0 -14.3 218 15 333.6 333.9 294.3 339.9 1.78 38 425 7197 -11.7 -23.7 36 12.0 -15.3 219 15 333.9 334.2 294.0 338.7 1.33 39 419 7306 -12.7 -20.7 51 8.0 -15.3 220 14 334.0 334.4 294.4 340.3 1.76 40 411 7453 -12.9 -24.9 36 12.0 -16.4 213 14 335.6 335.9 294.3 340.1 1.23 41 407 7528 -13.3 -25.3 36 12.0 -16.7 210 15 336.0 336.3 294.4 340.4 1.20 42 400 7660 -14.5 -24.5 42 10.0 -17.4 200 13 336.1 336.4 294.6 340.9 1.31 43 398 7698 -14.9 -24.9 42 10.0 -17.7 200 13 336.1 336.4 294.5 340.7 1.27 44 360 8446 -21.3 -33.3 33 12.0 -23.7 225 12 337.3 337.4 294.3 339.7 0.64 45 349 8674 -23.7 -32.7 43 9.0 -25.5 218 14 337.1 337.2 294.3 339.7 0.70 46 346 8737 -23.9 -33.9 39 10.0 -25.8 217 14 337.6 337.8 294.3 340.0 0.63 47 344 8779 -24.3 -33.3 43 9.0 -26.0 215 14 337.7 337.8 294.4 340.2 0.67 48 343 8800 -24.5 -35.5 35 11.0 -26.4 215 15 337.7 337.8 294.3 339.7 0.54 49 337 8928 -25.5 -34.5 43 9.0 -27.1 211 15 338.0 338.1 294.4 340.3 0.61 50 324 9212 -27.7 -37.7 38 10.0 -29.2 205 18 338.8 338.9 294.4 340.6 0.46 51 323 9234 -27.9 -37.9 38 10.0 -29.4 206 18 338.8 338.9 294.4 340.6 0.45 52 317 9368 -28.5 -42.5 25 14.0 -30.3 207 19 339.8 339.9 294.6 340.9 0.29 53 303 9690 -31.3 -42.3 33 11.0 -32.6 209 23 340.3 340.4 294.7 341.5 0.30 54 301 9737 -31.7 -46.7 21 15.0 -33.2 210 24 340.4 340.4 294.6 341.1 0.19 55 300 9760 -31.9 -45.9 24 14.0 -33.3 210 24 340.4 340.5 294.6 341.3 0.21 56 250 11020 -42.1 -60.1 12 18.0 -42.9 200 23 343.5 343.5 295.2 343.7 0.05 57 200 12500 -51.7 -66.7 15 15.0 -52.1 185 40 350.9 350.9 296.8 351.0 0.02 58 150 14310 -62.9 -78.9 10 16.0 -63.0 195 32 361.7 361.7 299.0 361.7 0.01 59 100 16780 -69.9 -85.9 8 16.0 -70.0 225 18 392.7 392.7 304.2 392.7 0.00 60 99 16840 -70.1 -85.1 9 15.0 -70.2 225 17 393.4 393.4 304.3 393.4 0.00 61 95 17086 -68.3 -85.3 7 17.0 -68.4 223 18 401.6 401.6 305.4 401.6 0.00 62 91 17344 -70.1 -87.1 7 17.0 -70.2 257 14 403.0 403.0 305.6 403.0 0.00 63 78 18272 -65.5 -87.5 3 22.0 -65.7 48 6 430.7 430.7 308.9 430.7 0.00 64 74 18591 -66.3 -88.3 3 22.0 -66.5 160 15 435.6 435.6 309.4 435.6 0.00 65 70 18930 -64.3 -88.3 2 24.0 -64.6 280 2 446.8 446.8 310.6 446.8 0.00 66 58 20089 -59.7 -86.7 2 27.0 -60.2 39 10 481.9 481.9 313.6 481.9 0.00 67 57 20197 -60.1 -87.1 2 27.0 -60.6 52 12 483.4 483.4 313.7 483.4 0.00 68 54 20536 -57.1 -86.1 1 29.0 -57.9 66 16 497.8 497.8 314.8 497.9 0.00 69 50 21020 -58.9 -86.9 2 28.0 -59.6 115 16 504.7 504.7 315.3 504.7 0.00 70 45 21682 -59.5 -86.5 2 27.0 -60.2 89 18 518.7 518.7 316.2 518.7 0.00 71 42 22119 -55.1 -85.1 1 30.0 -56.3 76 19 539.9 539.9 317.5 539.9 0.01 72 38 22763 -53.3 -84.3 1 31.0 -54.8 87 11 560.2 560.2 318.6 560.2 0.01 73 34 23477 -55.1 -85.1 1 30.0 -56.5 81 28 573.5 573.5 319.3 573.6 0.01 74 30 24280 -54.1 -85.1 1 31.0 -55.8 100 20 597.2 597.2 320.5 597.2 0.01 75 24 25713 -52.7 -83.7 1 31.0 -55.1 94 26 640.6 640.6 322.3 640.7 0.01 76 22 26278 -49.3 -83.3 1 34.0 -52.8 99 24 666.8 666.9 323.3 667.0 0.02 77 22 26278 -49.7 -82.7 1 33.0 -53.0 99 24 665.7 665.7 323.3 665.8 0.02 78 21 26585 -45.5 -80.5 1 35.0 -50.3 95 24 687.2 687.3 324.0 687.5 0.03 79 20 26910 -45.1 -80.1 1 35.0 -50.2 100 29 698.1 698.1 324.4 698.4 0.03 80 16 28400 -46.9 -80.9 1 34.0 -52.1 85 33 738.3 738.3 325.6 738.6 0.04 81 12 30328 -43.3 -80.3 1 37.0 -51.1 91 44 814.3 814.4 327.6 814.8 0.05 82 12 30328 -43.7 -80.7 1 37.0 -51.2 91 44 812.9 812.9 327.5 813.4 0.05 83 11 30919 -39.7 -78.7 1 39.0 -49.7 93 46 847.9 848.0 328.4 848.7 0.07 84 10 31570 -41.1 -79.1 1 38.0 -50.8 95 47 866.1 866.2 328.8 866.9 0.08 85 9.3 32062 -41.9 -79.9 1 38.0 -51.5 881.2 881.3 329.1 882.0 0.07 86 8.6 32595 -39.9 -78.9 1 39.0 -51.0 909.0 909.0 329.6 910.0 0.09 87 7.7 33350 -40.1 -79.1 1 39.0 -51.5 937.4 937.4 330.1 938.5 0.10 88 7.1 33907 -37.3 -78.3 1 41.0 -50.8 970.9 971.0 330.7 972.3 0.12 TRP 99 16840 -70.1 -85.1 9 15.0 -70.2 225 17 393.4 393.4 304.3 393.4 0.00 WND Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5841.00 m Freezing level: 536.80 mb = 5364.67 m = 17600.40 ft Wetbulb zero: 598.72 mb = 4479.85 m = 14697.50 ft Precipitable water: 1.80 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 70.03 % Est. max temperature: 30.77 C = 87.39 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 812.27 mb = 1922.72 m = 6308.05 ft T: 18.40 C 700-500 lapse rate: 5.51 C/km ThetaE index: 9.48 C Layer 923.0- 849.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 796.78 mb = 2088.75 m = 6852.78 ft Mean mixing ratio: 15.56 g/kg Conv temperature: 29.75 C = 85.55 F Cap Strength: 0.66 C Lifted Index: -3.04 C Risk: Severe thunderstorms possible Lifted Index @300 mb: -6.72 C Lifted Index @700 mb: -1.01 C Showalter Index: -2.87 C Risk: Severe thunderstorms possible Total Totals Index: 47.40 C Risk: Scattered moderate thunderstorms Vertical Totals Index: 25.50 C Cross Totals Index: 21.90 C K Index: 40.90 Risk: > 80 % chance of thunderstorms Sweat Index: 242.00 Risk: None Energy Index: -3.13 Risk: Severe Thunderstorms probable Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 1553.40 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 55.74 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 6.02 J/kg Cap Strength: 1.75 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 807.32 mb = 1975.39 m = 6480.86 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): 782.32 mb = 2245.70 m = 7367.68 ft Equ Level (EL): 752.32 mb = 2578.64 m = 8459.99 ft B at Equ Level: 2.01 J/kg Max Parcel Lev (MPL): 732.32 mb = 2807.16 m = 9209.72 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 289 at 8 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 925 790 30 9 -4.5 -7.8 | 65 13 -11.6 -5.4 1 881 1219 65 6 -5.4 -2.5 | 90 13 -12.6 -0.1 2 850 1531 65 3 -2.7 -1.3 | 97 10 -9.8 1.2 3 821 1829 80 8 -7.9 -1.4 | 94 15 -15.0 1.0 4 792 2134 125 6 -4.9 3.4 | 116 13 -12.0 5.9 5 764 2438 90 3 -3.0 0.0 | 103 10 -10.1 2.4 6 737 2743 355 3 0.3 -3.0 | 85 7 -6.9 -0.6 7 700 3188 335 4 1.7 -3.6 | 78 6 -5.4 -1.2 8 686 3353 325 1 0.6 -0.8 | 104 7 -6.6 1.6 9 661 3658 230 6 4.6 3.9 | 158 7 -2.5 6.3 10 613 4267 290 6 5.6 -2.1 | 104 2 -1.5 0.4 11 591 4572 240 10 8.7 5.0 | 192 8 1.5 7.4 12 569 4877 255 16 15.5 4.1 | 232 11 8.3 6.6 13 548 5182 275 19 18.9 -1.7 | 266 12 11.8 0.8 14 528 5486 255 22 21.3 5.7 | 240 16 14.1 8.1 15 509 5791 265 18 17.9 1.6 | 250 12 10.8 4.0 16 500 5930 265 20 19.9 1.7 | 252 13 12.8 4.2 17 489 6096 260 19 18.7 3.3 | 244 13 11.6 5.7 18 471 6401 250 16 15.0 5.5 | 225 11 7.9 7.9 19 452 6706 215 18 10.3 14.7 | 191 17 3.2 17.2 20 418 7315 220 14 9.0 10.7 | 188 13 1.9 13.2 21 402 7620 205 15 6.3 13.6 | 177 16 -0.8 16.0 22 400 7660 200 13 4.4 12.2 | 170 15 -2.7 14.6 23 386 7925 200 13 4.4 12.2 | 170 15 -2.7 14.6 24 370 8230 230 11 8.4 7.1 | 188 10 1.3 9.5 25 326 9144 205 17 7.2 15.4 | 180 18 0.1 17.8 26 300 9760 210 24 12.0 20.8 | 192 24 4.9 23.2 27 252 10973 215 23 13.2 18.8 | 196 22 6.1 21.3 28 250 11020 200 23 7.9 21.6 | 182 24 0.7 24.0 29 240 11278 200 24 8.2 22.6 | 182 25 1.1 25.0 30 200 12500 185 40 3.5 39.8 | 175 42 -3.6 42.3 31 191 12802 185 40 3.5 39.8 | 175 42 -3.6 42.3 32 165 13716 200 45 15.4 42.3 | 190 45 8.3 44.7 33 157 14021 210 30 15.0 26.0 | 195 29 7.9 28.4 34 150 14310 195 32 8.3 30.9 | 182 33 1.2 33.3 35 142 14630 195 33 8.5 31.9 | 182 34 1.4 34.3 36 135 14935 215 37 21.2 30.3 | 203 36 14.1 32.7 37 129 15240 215 31 17.8 25.4 | 201 30 10.7 27.8 38 122 15545 195 24 6.2 23.2 | 178 26 -0.9 25.6 39 111 16154 205 23 9.7 20.8 | 186 23 2.6 23.3 40 105 16459 190 17 3.0 16.7 | 168 20 -4.2 19.2 41 100 16764 220 21 13.5 16.1 | 199 20 6.4 18.5 42 100 16780 225 18 12.7 12.7 | 200 16 5.6 15.2 43 99 16840 225 17 12.0 12.0 | 199 15 4.9 14.4 44 95 17069 220 18 11.6 13.8 | 195 17 4.4 16.2 45 91 17374 260 14 13.8 2.4 | 234 8 6.7 4.9 46 86 17678 270 19 19.0 -0.0 | 258 12 11.9 2.4 47 82 17983 345 10 2.6 -9.7 | 32 9 -4.5 -7.2 48 78 18288 50 6 -4.6 -3.9 | 83 12 -11.7 -1.4 49 74 18593 160 15 -5.1 14.1 | 143 21 -12.3 16.5 50 70 18898 195 10 2.6 9.7 | 159 13 -4.5 12.1 51 70 18930 280 2 2.0 -0.3 | 112 6 -5.2 2.1 52 67 19202 0 0 -0.0 -0.0 | 109 8 -7.1 2.4 53 58 20117 40 10 -6.4 -7.7 | 69 15 -13.6 -5.2 54 55 20422 80 18 -17.7 -3.1 | 88 25 -24.9 -0.7 55 52 20726 45 12 -8.5 -8.5 | 69 17 -15.6 -6.1 56 50 21020 115 16 -14.5 6.8 | 113 24 -21.6 9.2 57 50 21031 60 22 -19.1 -11.0 | 72 28 -26.2 -8.6 58 48 21336 115 16 -14.5 6.8 | 113 24 -21.6 9.2 59 43 21946 70 19 -17.9 -6.5 | 81 25 -25.0 -4.1 60 41 22250 80 19 -18.7 -3.3 | 88 26 -25.8 -0.9 61 39 22555 105 14 -13.5 3.6 | 106 22 -20.7 6.1 62 37 22860 80 10 -9.8 -1.7 | 92 17 -17.0 0.7 63 36 23165 50 21 -16.1 -13.5 | 65 26 -23.2 -11.1 64 34 23470 80 28 -27.6 -4.9 | 86 35 -34.7 -2.4 65 32 23774 100 21 -20.7 3.6 | 102 28 -27.8 6.1 66 31 24079 85 28 -27.9 -2.4 | 90 35 -35.0 -0.0 67 30 24280 100 20 -19.7 3.5 | 102 27 -26.8 5.9 68 30 24384 105 27 -26.1 7.0 | 106 35 -33.2 9.4 69 27 24994 85 17 -16.9 -1.5 | 92 24 -24.1 0.9 70 26 25298 85 30 -29.9 -2.6 | 90 37 -37.0 -0.2 71 24 25603 100 26 -25.6 4.5 | 102 33 -32.7 6.9 72 23 25908 85 27 -26.9 -2.4 | 90 34 -34.0 0.1 73 22 26213 100 25 -24.6 4.3 | 102 32 -31.8 6.8 74 21 26518 95 21 -20.9 1.8 | 99 28 -28.1 4.3 75 20 26822 95 34 -33.9 3.0 | 97 41 -41.0 5.4 76 20 26910 100 29 -28.6 5.0 | 102 36 -35.7 7.5 77 19 27127 85 30 -29.9 -2.6 | 90 37 -37.0 -0.2 78 19 27432 105 27 -26.1 7.0 | 106 35 -33.2 9.4 79 18 27737 85 26 -25.9 -2.3 | 90 33 -33.0 0.2 80 16 28346 85 34 -33.9 -3.0 | 89 41 -41.0 -0.5 81 14 29261 85 25 -24.9 -2.2 | 90 32 -32.0 0.2 82 13 29566 65 31 -28.1 -13.1 | 73 37 -35.2 -10.7 83 12 30175 90 44 -44.0 0.0 | 93 51 -51.1 2.4 84 10 31570 95 47 -46.8 4.1 | 97 54 -54.0 6.5 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 258.8 at 10.0 knts Storm direction: 288.8 at 7.5 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 1.6 neg: 1.7 tot: 3.2 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 95.7 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 51.2 neg: -16.5 tot: 34.7 m^2/s^2 ave: 11.6 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.34 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 6.6 stream: 2.2 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.40 Bulk Rich Number: 42.55 Bulk Shear: 36.51 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 46 7 78 13| 5.7 0.0 5.7| 19.4 0.0 19.4 38.7 0.94| 6.2 5.9 1000 56 6 86 12| 3.5 0.0 3.5| 22.1 -1.2 20.9 20.9 0.52| 6.2 3.2 1500 72 6 92 13| 3.1 0.0 3.1| 41.0 -4.9 36.1 24.1 0.51| 6.7 3.5 2000 71 5 93 12| 2.3 1.6 4.0| 41.0 -15.3 25.8 12.9 0.23| 6.8 1.6 2500 60 5 90 11| 1.9 1.3 3.2| 43.7 -16.5 27.3 10.9 0.24| 6.1 1.5 3000 60 5 90 11| 1.6 1.7 3.2| 51.2 -16.5 34.7 11.6 0.34| 6.6 2.2 4000 332 6 61 5| 0.6 2.4 3.0| 61.5 -17.6 43.8 11.0 0.33| 7.1 2.3 5000 268 8 205 3| 0.8 1.8 2.6| 93.6 -40.4 53.2 10.6 0.29| 7.9 2.3 6000 259 10 212 5| 0.6 1.9 2.6| 94.8 -91.1 3.7 0.6 0.09| 8.1 0.7 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KDDC/skewt/KDDC.skewt.20250725.00.gif