UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025120912.upa.cvt Date: 1200Z 9 DEC 25 Searching for KBUF... Searching the city database file for: KBUF ... Date:1200Z 9 DEC 25 Station: KBUF WMO ident: 72528 Latitude: 42.93 Longitude: -78.73 Elevation: 215.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 1000 174 SFC 994 215 -13.7 -20.7 55 7.0 -14.9 130 8 259.9 260.0 258.6 261.9 0.74 2 989 254 -12.7 -21.7 47 9.0 -14.2 261.3 261.4 259.6 263.2 0.68 3 987 269 -11.5 -21.5 43 10.0 -13.3 262.6 262.7 260.7 264.6 0.69 4 985 285 -8.7 -20.7 37 12.0 -11.1 265.6 265.7 263.0 267.7 0.75 5 965 445 -7.9 -22.9 29 15.0 -10.8 268.0 268.1 264.5 269.8 0.63 6 925 776 -8.7 -31.7 14 23.0 -12.2 210 18 270.4 270.5 265.6 271.3 0.29 7 893 1048 -10.9 -35.9 11 25.0 -14.1 270.9 270.9 265.7 271.5 0.20 8 885 1117 -11.5 -35.5 12 24.0 -14.6 271.0 271.0 265.7 271.6 0.21 9 867 1274 -11.5 -39.5 8 28.0 -14.8 272.6 272.6 266.7 273.0 0.14 10 857 1363 -11.1 -41.1 6 30.0 -14.6 273.9 273.9 267.5 274.3 0.12 11 850 1426 -11.5 -42.5 6 31.0 -14.9 225 15 274.1 274.1 267.7 274.4 0.11 12 793 1955 -14.1 -47.1 4 33.0 -17.2 276.8 276.8 269.3 277.0 0.07 13 737 2510 -15.1 -44.1 6 29.0 -18.1 281.6 281.6 272.3 281.9 0.10 14 721 2676 -14.5 -51.5 3 37.0 -17.9 284.0 284.0 273.5 284.2 0.05 15 705 2845 -15.5 -40.5 10 25.0 -18.4 284.7 284.8 274.2 285.3 0.16 16 700 2899 -15.9 -35.9 16 20.0 -18.6 260 24 284.9 284.9 274.4 285.7 0.25 17 696 2942 -16.3 -31.3 26 15.0 -18.6 284.9 285.0 274.6 286.2 0.40 18 692 2985 -16.5 -39.5 12 23.0 -19.2 285.1 285.2 274.4 285.7 0.18 19 688 3029 -16.7 -35.7 18 19.0 -19.2 285.4 285.4 274.7 286.3 0.26 20 684 3072 -17.1 -27.1 42 10.0 -18.8 285.4 285.5 275.3 287.3 0.61 21 679 3127 -17.5 -36.5 17 19.0 -19.9 285.6 285.6 274.8 286.4 0.25 22 678 3138 -17.5 -34.5 21 17.0 -19.8 285.7 285.8 274.9 286.7 0.30 23 675 3171 -17.7 -27.7 41 10.0 -19.3 285.8 285.9 275.5 287.7 0.58 24 674 3182 -17.7 -31.7 28 14.0 -19.7 286.0 286.0 275.2 287.2 0.40 25 672 3205 -17.7 -24.7 54 7.0 -19.0 286.2 286.3 275.9 288.6 0.77 26 669 3238 -17.7 -22.1 68 4.4 -18.6 286.6 286.7 276.4 289.5 0.97 27 662 3316 -18.3 -20.9 80 2.6 -18.8 286.8 287.0 276.7 290.1 1.09 28 634 3637 -19.5 -23.0 74 3.5 -20.2 289.0 289.1 277.6 291.9 0.95 29 632 3661 -19.7 -24.5 66 4.8 -20.5 289.0 289.1 277.4 291.6 0.83 30 625 3743 -20.3 -25.3 64 5.0 -21.2 289.2 289.4 277.5 291.7 0.78 31 623 3767 -20.3 -26.3 59 6.0 -21.3 289.5 289.6 277.5 291.7 0.72 32 620 3803 -20.3 -28.3 49 8.0 -21.6 289.9 290.0 277.6 291.8 0.60 33 619 3814 -20.3 -27.3 54 7.0 -21.5 290.0 290.1 277.7 292.1 0.66 34 618 3826 -20.3 -27.3 54 7.0 -21.5 290.2 290.3 277.7 292.2 0.66 35 568 4445 -24.3 -36.3 32 12.0 -25.6 292.5 292.6 278.4 293.5 0.30 36 556 4600 -25.7 -34.7 43 9.0 -26.8 292.7 292.7 278.6 293.9 0.36 37 527 4985 -28.5 -42.5 25 14.0 -29.7 293.8 293.9 278.8 294.4 0.17 38 523 5039 -28.5 -47.5 14 19.0 -29.9 294.5 294.5 279.0 294.8 0.10 39 519 5094 -28.9 -43.9 22 15.0 -30.1 294.6 294.7 279.1 295.2 0.15 40 506 5275 -29.5 -50.5 11 21.0 -30.8 296.1 296.1 279.7 296.3 0.07 41 502 5332 -29.9 -49.9 13 20.0 -31.2 296.2 296.3 279.8 296.5 0.08 42 501 5346 -29.9 -45.9 20 16.0 -31.0 296.4 296.4 279.9 296.9 0.12 43 500 5360 -29.9 -43.9 24 14.0 -31.0 275 34 296.6 296.6 280.1 297.1 0.16 44 499 5374 -29.9 -41.9 30 12.0 -30.9 296.8 296.8 280.2 297.4 0.19 45 485 5577 -31.7 -39.7 45 8.0 -32.4 297.0 297.0 280.4 297.8 0.25 46 481 5636 -32.3 -41.3 40 9.0 -33.0 296.9 297.0 280.3 297.7 0.21 47 476 5710 -32.9 -38.9 55 6.0 -33.4 297.1 297.1 280.4 298.0 0.28 48 474 5739 -33.3 -41.3 45 8.0 -33.9 296.9 297.0 280.3 297.7 0.22 49 473 5754 -33.5 -39.5 55 6.0 -34.0 296.9 296.9 280.3 297.8 0.26 50 472 5769 -33.7 -41.7 44 8.0 -34.3 296.8 296.8 280.3 297.5 0.21 51 471 5784 -33.9 -39.9 55 6.0 -34.4 296.7 296.8 280.3 297.6 0.25 52 466 5859 -34.5 -39.5 60 5.0 -34.9 296.9 296.9 280.4 297.8 0.27 53 465 5874 -34.7 -40.7 54 6.0 -35.1 296.8 296.9 280.3 297.6 0.24 54 400 6910 -43.3 -47.4 64 4.1 -43.5 275 41 298.7 298.7 281.0 299.2 0.13 55 300 8770 -59.1 -64.1 52 5.0 -59.2 270 49 302.0 302.0 282.2 302.1 0.02 56 272 9378 -63.3 -67.0 61 3.7 -63.3 275 50 304.5 304.5 283.2 304.6 0.02 57 250 9900 -60.1 -78.1 8 18.0 -60.2 280 61 316.7 316.7 287.6 316.7 0.00 58 200 11310 -56.7 -81.7 3 25.0 -56.9 280 65 343.0 343.0 295.0 343.0 0.00 59 150 13130 -56.1 -84.1 2 28.0 -56.4 275 75 373.4 373.4 301.2 373.4 0.00 60 100 15700 -56.5 -85.5 1 29.0 -56.9 275 71 418.6 418.6 307.6 418.6 0.00 61 95 16026 -55.9 -84.9 1 29.0 -56.4 425.9 425.9 308.4 425.9 0.00 62 84 16807 -57.9 -85.9 2 28.0 -58.3 437.1 437.1 309.6 437.1 0.00 63 81 17037 -56.5 -85.5 1 29.0 -57.1 444.6 444.6 310.3 444.6 0.00 64 78 17276 -58.3 -86.3 2 28.0 -58.7 445.7 445.7 310.4 445.7 0.00 65 78 17276 -58.3 -86.3 2 28.0 -58.7 445.7 445.7 310.4 445.7 0.00 66 70 17960 -56.7 -86.7 1 30.0 -57.3 270 65 463.1 463.1 312.0 463.1 0.00 67 69 18051 -56.5 -86.5 1 30.0 -57.2 465.4 465.4 312.3 465.4 0.00 68 65 18427 -58.5 -87.5 1 29.0 -59.0 469.1 469.1 312.5 469.1 0.00 69 57 19254 -56.3 -86.3 1 30.0 -57.1 492.0 492.0 314.4 492.0 0.00 70 50 20080 -58.1 -87.1 1 29.0 -58.8 255 53 506.6 506.6 315.4 506.6 0.00 71 47 20469 -59.1 -88.1 1 29.0 -59.8 513.2 513.2 315.8 513.2 0.00 72 44 20885 -57.3 -87.3 1 30.0 -58.2 527.4 527.4 316.8 527.4 0.00 73 40 21485 -59.7 -87.7 1 28.0 -60.4 535.9 535.9 317.3 536.0 0.00 74 32 22905 -52.5 -85.5 1 33.0 -54.4 590.5 590.5 320.2 590.6 0.01 75 31 23110 -54.3 -86.3 1 32.0 -55.9 591.0 591.0 320.2 591.1 0.01 76 30 23320 -54.1 -86.1 1 32.0 -55.8 265 37 597.2 597.2 320.5 597.2 0.01 77 27 23994 -54.9 -85.9 1 31.0 -56.6 613.2 613.2 321.2 613.2 0.01 78 26 24236 -54.1 -86.1 1 32.0 -56.1 622.1 622.1 321.6 622.2 0.01 79 24 24746 -56.5 -87.5 1 31.0 -58.2 629.5 629.5 321.9 629.6 0.01 80 24 24746 -54.7 -86.7 1 32.0 -56.6 634.8 634.8 322.1 634.8 0.01 81 21 25593 -58.5 -87.5 1 29.0 -60.0 648.0 648.0 322.6 648.1 0.01 82 20 25900 -57.7 -87.7 1 30.0 -59.4 260 29 659.6 659.6 323.0 659.6 0.01 83 19 26224 -58.1 -88.1 1 30.0 -59.8 668.1 668.1 323.3 668.1 0.01 84 19 26224 -55.7 -87.7 1 32.0 -57.9 675.5 675.5 323.6 675.6 0.01 85 17 26934 -55.1 -86.1 1 31.0 -57.6 699.3 699.3 324.4 699.4 0.01 86 16 27321 -56.1 -87.1 1 31.0 -58.5 708.2 708.2 324.7 708.3 0.01 87 15 27732 -55.7 -86.7 1 31.0 -58.3 722.8 722.8 325.1 722.9 0.01 88 14 28174 -54.1 -87.1 1 33.0 -57.2 742.6 742.6 325.7 742.7 0.01 89 13 28648 -55.9 -86.9 1 31.0 -58.7 752.3 752.3 326.0 752.4 0.02 90 12 29159 -55.1 -87.1 1 32.0 -58.3 772.5 772.5 326.5 772.7 0.02 91 11 29719 -52.3 -86.3 1 34.0 -56.6 802.2 802.2 327.3 802.3 0.02 92 11 29719 -52.7 -85.7 1 33.0 -56.9 800.7 800.7 327.3 800.9 0.02 93 10 30340 -48.9 -83.9 1 35.0 -54.8 250 41 837.0 837.0 328.1 837.3 0.03 94 8.9 31110 -45.7 -82.7 1 37.0 -53.5 877.7 877.8 329.0 878.2 0.05 95 8.1 31734 -46.9 -82.9 1 36.0 -54.5 896.9 897.0 329.4 897.5 0.05 96 7.6 32153 -50.1 -84.1 1 34.0 -56.5 900.5 900.5 329.4 901.0 0.04 97 7.0 32690 -49.7 -84.7 1 35.0 -56.6 245 54 923.6 923.6 329.9 924.0 0.04 98 6.2 33482 -51.1 -85.1 1 34.0 -57.8 950.2 950.3 330.4 950.7 0.05 TRP 272 9378 -63.3 -67.0 61 3.7 -63.3 275 50 304.5 304.5 283.2 304.6 0.02 WND 6.0 250 66 Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5186.00 m Freezing level: Surface below freezing Wetbulb zero: Below ground Precipitable water: 0.08 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 26.26 % Est. max temperature: 0.75 C = 33.36 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 887.12 mb = 1098.29 m = 3603.28 ft T: -11.34 C 700-500 lapse rate: 5.69 C/km Conv cond level (CCL): 469.83 mb = 5801.51 m = 19033.58 ft Mean mixing ratio: 0.46 g/kg Conv temperature: 23.11 C = 73.60 F Cap Strength: 21.94 C Lifted Index: 22.05 C Risk: None Lifted Index @300 mb: 22.79 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 14.67 C Showalter Index: 18.42 C Risk: None Total Totals Index: 5.80 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 18.40 C Cross Totals Index: -12.60 C K Index: -44.10 Risk: None Sweat Index: 184.76 Risk: None Energy Index: 4.79 Risk: None Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 28.42 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 7.54 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 80265.84 J/kg Cap Strength: 21.48 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 709.00 mb = 2802.58 m = 9194.70 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): -1.00 mb = -9999.00 m = -9999.00 ft Wind level data ------------------------------------ TRUE/GROUND REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s ------------------------------------ 0 6 41099 250 66 62.0 22.6 1 994 215 130 8 -6.1 5.1 2 945 610 205 17 7.2 15.4 3 925 776 210 18 9.0 15.6 4 908 914 210 16 8.0 13.9 5 873 1219 205 20 8.5 18.1 6 850 1426 225 15 10.6 10.6 7 839 1524 245 14 12.7 5.9 8 806 1829 250 14 13.2 4.8 9 774 2134 255 15 14.5 3.9 10 744 2438 255 17 16.4 4.4 11 715 2743 260 24 23.6 4.2 12 700 2899 260 24 23.6 4.2 13 631 3658 255 36 34.8 9.3 14 581 4267 260 37 36.4 6.4 15 534 4877 265 37 36.9 3.2 16 500 5360 275 34 33.9 -3.0 17 450 6096 275 38 37.9 -3.3 18 430 6401 280 38 37.4 -6.6 19 400 6910 275 41 40.8 -3.6 20 358 7620 280 47 46.3 -8.2 21 300 8770 270 49 49.0 -0.0 22 282 9144 270 50 50.0 -0.0 23 272 9378 275 50 49.8 -4.4 24 269 9449 280 50 49.2 -8.7 25 250 9900 280 61 60.1 -10.6 26 211 10973 280 72 70.9 -12.5 27 200 11310 280 65 64.0 -11.3 28 150 13130 275 75 74.7 -6.5 29 108 15240 270 72 72.0 -0.0 30 100 15700 275 71 70.7 -6.2 31 89 16459 265 59 58.8 5.1 32 81 17069 260 76 74.8 13.2 33 70 17960 270 65 65.0 -0.0 34 70 17983 275 62 61.8 -5.4 35 66 18288 275 64 63.8 -5.6 36 60 18898 265 57 56.8 5.0 37 52 19812 280 53 52.2 -9.2 38 50 20080 255 53 51.2 13.7 39 47 20422 255 51 49.3 13.2 40 45 20726 275 53 52.8 -4.6 41 41 21336 260 52 51.2 9.0 42 36 22250 275 64 63.8 -5.6 43 31 23165 260 35 34.5 6.1 44 30 23320 265 37 36.9 3.2 45 27 24079 275 36 35.9 -3.1 46 25 24384 270 32 32.0 -0.0 47 23 24994 260 31 30.5 5.4 48 22 25298 280 31 30.5 -5.4 49 20 25900 260 29 28.6 5.0 50 20 25908 255 36 34.8 9.3 51 17 26822 255 43 41.5 11.1 52 17 27127 250 35 32.9 12.0 53 16 27432 260 32 31.5 5.6 54 14 28042 275 41 40.8 -3.6 55 14 28346 245 24 21.8 10.1 56 13 28651 270 28 28.0 -0.0 57 11 29566 260 45 44.3 7.8 58 10 30340 250 41 38.5 14.0 59 7 32690 245 54 48.9 22.8 Wind Parameters Energy-Hel index: -1.78 Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 NO DATA | | | 1000 NO DATA | | | 1500 NO DATA | | | 2000 NO DATA | | | 2500 NO DATA | | | 3000 NO DATA | | | 4000 NO DATA | | | 5000 NO DATA | | | 6000 NO DATA | | | Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KBUF/skewt/KBUF.skewt.20251209.12.gif