UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025113012.upa.cvt Date: 1200Z 30 NOV 25 Searching for KBUF... Searching the city database file for: KBUF ... Date:1200Z 30 NOV 25 Station: KBUF WMO ident: 72528 Latitude: 42.93 Longitude: -78.73 Elevation: 215.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 1000 129 SFC 989 215 0.0 -3.1 80 3.1 -1.2 160 6 274.0 274.5 272.5 282.4 3.07 2 981 280 0.0 -4.3 73 4.3 -1.6 163 9 274.7 275.1 272.6 282.4 2.83 3 952 521 -1.3 -5.4 74 4.1 -2.8 175 21 275.7 276.2 273.0 283.1 2.68 4 925 751 -3.3 -5.8 83 2.5 -4.2 185 30 275.9 276.4 273.1 283.4 2.68 5 902 950 -4.7 -6.0 91 1.3 -5.1 192 39 276.5 276.9 273.5 284.0 2.70 6 878 1161 -5.7 -5.9 98 0.2 -5.8 206 46 277.6 278.1 274.2 285.4 2.80 7 876 1179 -4.5 -4.9 97 0.4 -4.7 207 47 279.0 279.5 275.3 287.5 3.03 8 873 1206 -4.3 -4.8 96 0.5 -4.5 209 48 279.5 280.0 275.7 288.1 3.06 9 854 1379 -5.1 -5.2 99 0.1 -5.1 218 49 280.4 280.9 276.1 289.0 3.04 10 850 1416 -5.1 -5.4 98 0.3 -5.2 220 49 280.8 281.3 276.3 289.3 3.00 11 725 2656 -9.3 -10.5 91 1.2 -9.7 224 36 289.3 289.7 279.7 296.3 2.37 12 708 2841 -7.7 -8.6 93 0.9 -8.0 225 46 293.0 293.5 281.9 301.4 2.82 13 700 2929 -8.1 -8.8 95 0.7 -8.4 230 52 293.5 294.0 282.1 301.9 2.81 14 686 3086 -8.5 -9.6 92 1.1 -8.9 230 55 294.8 295.3 282.5 302.9 2.69 15 651 3489 -11.3 -11.7 97 0.4 -11.4 232 58 296.1 296.5 282.7 303.3 2.40 16 608 4010 -14.9 -15.9 92 1.0 -15.2 232 54 297.7 298.1 282.7 303.4 1.82 17 601 4097 -15.7 -18.3 80 2.6 -16.4 232 53 297.8 298.1 282.4 302.5 1.50 18 588 4262 -16.9 -18.6 87 1.7 -17.3 230 52 298.3 298.6 282.6 303.0 1.50 19 586 4287 -17.3 -20.1 79 2.8 -18.0 230 52 298.1 298.3 282.3 302.3 1.32 20 543 4854 -21.7 -22.1 97 0.4 -21.8 230 51 299.4 299.7 282.7 303.2 1.20 21 540 4894 -22.1 -22.7 95 0.6 -22.2 230 51 299.4 299.6 282.6 303.1 1.14 22 539 4908 -22.1 -22.7 95 0.6 -22.2 230 52 299.6 299.8 282.7 303.2 1.14 23 537 4935 -22.3 -23.3 92 1.0 -22.5 231 54 299.7 299.9 282.7 303.2 1.09 24 536 4949 -22.3 -26.1 71 3.8 -23.0 231 55 299.8 300.0 282.4 302.6 0.85 25 535 4963 -22.3 -33.3 36 11.0 -23.9 231 56 300.0 300.1 282.0 301.4 0.43 26 531 5018 -22.3 -44.3 12 22.0 -24.5 232 60 300.6 300.7 281.8 301.1 0.14 27 528 5059 -22.5 -41.5 16 19.0 -24.6 233 62 300.9 300.9 282.0 301.5 0.19 28 526 5087 -22.1 -47.1 8 25.0 -24.5 233 64 301.7 301.7 282.2 302.1 0.10 29 516 5229 -21.5 -54.5 3 33.0 -24.2 235 71 304.1 304.1 283.1 304.2 0.05 30 500 5460 -23.1 -55.1 4 32.0 -25.5 235 69 304.9 304.9 283.4 305.0 0.04 31 483 5713 -24.5 -50.5 7 26.0 -26.6 237 70 306.2 306.2 284.0 306.5 0.08 32 446 6288 -29.5 -47.5 16 18.0 -30.9 240 73 306.9 307.0 284.3 307.4 0.12 33 422 6682 -31.3 -42.3 33 11.0 -32.3 240 78 309.5 309.6 285.4 310.3 0.22 34 420 6716 -31.5 -43.5 30 12.0 -32.5 240 79 309.7 309.7 285.5 310.4 0.19 35 413 6835 -32.3 -44.3 29 12.0 -33.3 240 80 310.2 310.2 285.6 310.8 0.18 36 400 7060 -33.7 -48.7 21 15.0 -34.7 240 83 311.2 311.2 285.9 311.6 0.11 37 392 7202 -34.7 -52.7 14 18.0 -35.7 240 83 311.7 311.7 286.0 312.0 0.07 38 380 7418 -36.3 -47.3 31 11.0 -37.0 242 86 312.4 312.4 286.4 312.9 0.14 39 373 7547 -37.1 -43.1 54 6.0 -37.5 244 90 313.0 313.0 286.6 313.8 0.23 40 365 7697 -38.3 -43.3 59 5.0 -38.7 245 94 313.3 313.4 286.8 314.1 0.23 41 361 7773 -38.9 -42.0 72 3.1 -39.1 244 95 313.5 313.5 286.9 314.5 0.26 42 353 7926 -40.3 -43.0 75 2.7 -40.5 243 98 313.6 313.7 286.9 314.5 0.24 43 351 7965 -40.5 -42.6 80 2.1 -40.6 243 98 313.9 313.9 287.0 314.8 0.25 44 348 8023 -40.9 -41.8 91 0.9 -41.0 243 99 314.1 314.2 287.1 315.1 0.28 45 345 8082 -41.1 -44.2 72 3.1 -41.3 243 100 314.6 314.6 287.2 315.4 0.22 46 343 8122 -41.3 -42.7 86 1.4 -41.4 242 101 314.9 314.9 287.3 315.8 0.26 47 341 8161 -41.7 -45.0 70 3.3 -41.9 242 102 314.8 314.9 287.3 315.6 0.20 48 336 8262 -42.1 -43.8 83 1.7 -42.2 242 103 315.6 315.7 287.6 316.5 0.23 49 335 8282 -42.3 -45.4 72 3.1 -42.5 241 104 315.6 315.7 287.5 316.4 0.20 50 333 8322 -42.5 -44.2 83 1.7 -42.6 241 104 315.9 315.9 287.6 316.7 0.23 51 330 8383 -42.9 -46.5 68 3.6 -43.1 241 105 316.2 316.2 287.7 316.8 0.18 52 325 8486 -43.7 -48.2 61 4.5 -43.9 240 107 316.4 316.5 287.8 317.0 0.15 53 324 8507 -43.7 -48.0 62 4.3 -43.9 240 107 316.7 316.7 287.9 317.3 0.15 54 323 8528 -43.9 -49.9 51 6.0 -44.2 240 108 316.7 316.7 287.8 317.2 0.12 55 322 8549 -43.9 -50.9 46 7.0 -44.2 240 108 317.0 317.0 287.9 317.4 0.11 56 300 9020 -48.1 -54.1 50 6.0 -48.3 245 109 317.6 317.6 288.1 317.9 0.08 57 250 10190 -57.9 -62.8 53 4.9 -58.0 250 118 320.0 320.0 288.8 320.1 0.03 58 225 10845 -62.4 -67.0 54 4.7 -62.4 250 119 323.0 323.0 289.7 323.0 0.02 59 220 10984 -63.3 -67.9 54 4.6 -63.3 250 117 323.6 323.6 289.9 323.7 0.02 60 200 11570 -61.7 -78.7 9 17.0 -61.8 245 94 335.1 335.1 293.1 335.1 0.00 61 150 13380 -57.3 -83.3 2 26.0 -57.6 260 67 371.4 371.4 300.8 371.4 0.00 62 100 15940 -57.5 -85.5 2 28.0 -57.9 255 58 416.6 416.6 307.3 416.6 0.00 63 90 16600 -60.7 -86.7 2 26.0 -61.0 250 57 423.0 423.0 308.0 423.0 0.00 64 76 17653 -59.9 -86.9 2 27.0 -60.3 264 52 445.6 445.6 310.4 445.6 0.00 65 71 18081 -57.5 -86.5 1 29.0 -58.0 277 37 459.5 459.5 311.7 459.5 0.00 66 70 18170 -57.9 -86.9 1 29.0 -58.5 280 34 460.5 460.5 311.8 460.5 0.00 67 64 18733 -59.7 -87.7 1 28.0 -60.2 268 34 468.5 468.5 312.5 468.5 0.00 68 52 20034 -58.7 -87.7 1 29.0 -59.3 282 28 499.5 499.5 314.9 499.5 0.00 69 50 20280 -59.5 -87.5 1 28.0 -60.1 285 25 503.3 503.3 315.2 503.3 0.00 70 45 20936 -60.9 -88.9 1 28.0 -61.4 280 24 515.3 515.3 316.0 515.3 0.00 71 41 21516 -59.3 -88.3 1 29.0 -60.0 280 19 533.2 533.2 317.1 533.2 0.00 72 35 22500 -61.9 -88.9 2 27.0 -62.6 287 18 551.1 551.1 318.2 551.1 0.00 73 30 23460 -58.5 -88.5 1 30.0 -59.6 300 15 585.2 585.2 319.9 585.2 0.01 74 29 23673 -58.3 -87.3 1 29.0 -59.5 302 18 591.4 591.4 320.2 591.5 0.01 75 28 23893 -59.7 -87.7 1 28.0 -60.7 307 14 593.5 593.5 320.3 593.5 0.01 76 27 24121 -58.7 -87.7 1 29.0 -59.9 320 13 602.5 602.5 320.7 602.5 0.01 77 25 24602 -61.1 -89.1 1 28.0 -62.0 4 15 609.0 609.0 321.0 609.0 0.01 78 20 26000 -57.3 -87.3 1 30.0 -59.0 25 30 660.8 660.8 323.1 660.8 0.01 79 19 26325 -56.9 -87.9 1 31.0 -58.8 34 33 671.8 671.8 323.5 671.9 0.01 80 18 26666 -58.7 -87.7 1 29.0 -60.3 37 37 676.6 676.6 323.6 676.6 0.01 81 14 28254 -56.1 -87.1 1 31.0 -58.7 24 40 735.8 735.8 325.6 735.9 0.01 82 13 28728 -53.7 -85.7 1 32.0 -57.1 26 62 759.9 759.9 326.2 760.0 0.02 83 12 29241 -54.7 -86.7 1 32.0 -58.0 10 59 773.9 773.9 326.6 774.1 0.02 84 11 29800 -53.3 -86.3 1 33.0 -57.3 38 46 798.5 798.5 327.2 798.7 0.02 85 10 30410 -55.7 -86.7 1 31.0 -59.2 40 62 811.6 811.6 327.5 811.8 0.02 86 8.9 31146 -59.5 -88.5 1 29.0 -62.1 824.5 824.5 327.8 824.6 0.02 87 8.8 31216 -59.7 -88.7 1 29.0 -62.3 826.4 826.4 327.8 826.5 0.02 88 8.2 31659 -59.1 -88.1 1 29.0 -62.0 845.6 845.6 328.3 845.8 0.02 TRP 220 10984 -63.3 -67.9 54 4.6 -63.3 250 117 323.6 323.6 289.9 323.7 0.02 WND 225 10845 -62.4 -67.0 54 4.7 -62.4 250 119 323.0 323.0 289.7 323.0 0.02 Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5331.00 m Freezing level: 981.00 mb = 280.39 m = 919.90 ft Wetbulb zero: Below ground Precipitable water: 0.46 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 82.28 % Est. max temperature: 7.45 C = 45.41 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 942.21 mb = 603.84 m = 1981.09 ft T: -2.02 C 700-500 lapse rate: 5.93 C/km Conv cond level (CCL): 756.74 mb = 2322.36 m = 7619.19 ft Mean mixing ratio: 2.73 g/kg Conv temperature: 12.92 C = 55.25 F Cap Strength: 17.86 C Lifted Index: 18.25 C Risk: None Lifted Index @300 mb: 24.30 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 12.15 C Showalter Index: 13.68 C Risk: None Total Totals Index: 35.70 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 18.00 C Cross Totals Index: 17.70 C K Index: 11.90 Risk: None Sweat Index: 224.35 Risk: None Energy Index: 3.34 Risk: None Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 8.23 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 4.06 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 61367.84 J/kg Cap Strength: 18.12 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 895.10 mb = 1009.79 m = 3312.91 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): -1.00 mb = -9999.00 m = -9999.00 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 259 at 38 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 989 215 160 6 -2.1 5.6 | 88 39 -39.0 -1.3 1 941 610 180 26 0.0 26.0 | 117 42 -36.9 19.0 2 925 751 185 30 2.6 29.9 | 124 41 -34.3 22.9 3 906 914 190 38 6.6 37.4 | 135 43 -30.3 30.5 4 872 1219 210 48 24.0 41.6 | 160 37 -12.9 34.6 5 850 1416 220 49 31.5 37.5 | 170 31 -5.4 30.6 6 838 1524 225 50 35.4 35.4 | 177 28 -1.6 28.4 7 806 1829 240 46 39.8 23.0 | 190 16 2.9 16.0 8 775 2134 245 42 38.1 17.7 | 186 11 1.1 10.8 9 745 2438 235 30 24.6 17.2 | 130 16 -12.3 10.2 10 717 2743 220 39 25.1 29.9 | 153 26 -11.9 22.9 11 700 2929 230 52 39.8 33.4 | 186 27 2.9 26.5 12 662 3353 230 59 45.2 37.9 | 195 32 8.3 31.0 13 635 3658 235 56 45.9 32.1 | 200 27 9.0 25.2 14 586 4267 230 52 39.8 33.4 | 186 27 2.9 26.5 15 540 4877 230 51 39.1 32.8 | 185 26 2.1 25.8 16 519 5182 235 71 58.2 40.7 | 212 40 21.2 33.8 17 500 5460 235 69 56.5 39.6 | 211 38 19.6 32.6 18 458 6096 240 71 61.5 35.5 | 221 38 24.6 28.5 19 400 7060 240 83 71.9 41.5 | 225 49 35.0 34.5 20 385 7315 240 83 71.9 41.5 | 225 49 35.0 34.5 21 368 7620 245 93 84.3 39.3 | 236 57 47.4 32.3 22 322 8534 240 108 93.5 54.0 | 230 74 56.6 47.0 23 300 9020 245 109 98.8 46.1 | 238 73 61.9 39.1 24 294 9144 245 109 98.8 46.1 | 238 73 61.9 39.1 25 250 10190 250 118 110.9 40.4 | 246 81 74.0 33.4 26 225 10845 250 119 111.8 40.7 | 246 82 74.9 33.7 27 220 10973 250 119 111.8 40.7 | 246 82 74.9 33.7 28 220 10984 250 117 109.9 40.0 | 246 80 73.0 33.0 29 200 11570 245 94 85.2 39.7 | 236 58 48.3 32.8 30 190 11887 245 87 78.8 36.8 | 235 51 41.9 29.8 31 150 13380 260 67 66.0 11.6 | 261 29 29.1 4.7 32 142 13716 260 56 55.1 9.7 | 261 18 18.2 2.8 33 117 14935 245 49 44.4 20.7 | 209 16 7.5 13.7 34 112 15240 255 55 53.1 14.2 | 246 18 16.2 7.3 35 106 15545 260 50 49.2 8.7 | 262 12 12.3 1.7 36 101 15850 245 54 48.9 22.8 | 217 20 12.0 15.9 37 100 15940 255 58 56.0 15.0 | 247 21 19.1 8.0 38 97 16154 255 58 56.0 15.0 | 247 21 19.1 8.0 39 83 17069 245 55 49.8 23.2 | 218 21 12.9 16.3 40 80 17374 255 62 59.9 16.0 | 248 25 23.0 9.1 41 70 18170 280 34 33.5 -5.9 | 15 13 -3.4 -12.9 42 69 18288 280 41 40.4 -7.1 | 346 15 3.5 -14.1 43 65 18593 270 31 31.0 -0.0 | 40 9 -5.9 -7.0 44 59 19202 260 45 44.3 7.8 | 263 7 7.4 0.8 45 54 19812 280 30 29.5 -5.2 | 31 14 -7.4 -12.2 46 50 20280 285 25 24.1 -6.5 | 44 19 -12.8 -13.4 47 49 20422 270 27 27.0 -0.0 | 55 12 -9.9 -7.0 48 47 20726 290 23 21.6 -7.9 | 46 21 -15.3 -14.8 49 44 21031 275 25 24.9 -2.2 | 53 15 -12.0 -9.1 50 42 21336 270 20 20.0 -0.0 | 68 18 -16.9 -7.0 51 38 21946 305 18 14.7 -10.3 | 52 28 -22.2 -17.3 52 35 22555 285 18 17.4 -4.7 | 59 23 -19.5 -11.6 53 31 23165 310 18 13.8 -11.6 | 51 30 -23.1 -18.5 54 30 23460 300 15 13.0 -7.5 | 59 28 -23.9 -14.5 55 30 23470 305 24 19.7 -13.8 | 40 27 -17.3 -20.7 56 29 23774 300 15 13.0 -7.5 | 59 28 -23.9 -14.5 57 26 24384 335 11 4.6 -10.0 | 62 36 -32.3 -16.9 58 25 24689 15 16 -4.1 -15.5 | 61 47 -41.1 -22.4 59 22 25298 345 14 3.6 -13.5 | 58 39 -33.3 -20.5 60 21 25603 10 23 -4.0 -22.7 | 54 51 -40.9 -29.6 61 20 25908 360 24 -0.0 -24.0 | 50 48 -36.9 -31.0 62 20 26000 25 30 -12.7 -27.2 | 55 60 -49.6 -34.2 63 18 26518 40 35 -22.5 -26.8 | 60 68 -59.4 -33.8 64 16 27432 20 46 -15.7 -43.2 | 46 73 -52.7 -50.2 65 15 27737 15 49 -12.7 -47.3 | 42 74 -49.6 -54.3 66 14 28346 25 39 -16.5 -35.3 | 52 68 -53.4 -42.3 67 13 28651 30 61 -30.5 -52.8 | 48 90 -67.4 -59.8 68 13 28956 15 63 -16.3 -60.9 | 38 86 -53.2 -67.8 69 12 29261 10 59 -10.2 -58.1 | 36 80 -47.2 -65.1 70 11 29566 30 43 -21.5 -37.2 | 53 73 -58.4 -44.2 71 11 29870 40 47 -30.2 -36.0 | 57 80 -67.1 -43.0 72 10 30410 40 62 -39.9 -47.5 | 55 94 -76.8 -54.5 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 229.3 at 50.1 knts Storm direction: 259.3 at 37.6 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 10.0 neg: 2.4 tot: 12.4 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 104.4 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 817.9 neg: -40.2 tot: 777.7 m^2/s^2 ave: 259.2 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.61 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 21.9 stream: 13.4 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.03 Bulk Rich Number: 0.04 Bulk Shear: 224.01 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 178 18 107 39| 24.3 0.0 24.3|259.0 0.0 259.0 518.1 0.99| 25.0 24.8 1000 191 29 124 38| 22.7 0.0 22.7|542.2 0.0 542.2 542.2 0.97| 26.7 26.0 1500 205 36 139 33| 15.9 0.0 15.9|649.4 0.0 649.4 432.9 0.87| 25.2 21.9 2000 216 38 148 28| 9.9 0.0 9.9|657.4 -13.6 643.8 321.9 0.70| 22.4 15.7 2500 219 37 148 25| 7.9 2.9 10.8|690.6 -40.2 650.4 260.2 0.55| 22.1 12.2 3000 221 39 154 25| 10.0 2.4 12.4|817.9 -40.2 777.7 259.2 0.61| 21.9 13.4 4000 225 43 166 24| 7.5 2.4 9.9|845.0 -77.9 767.1 191.8 0.54| 18.0 9.8 5000 227 46 172 25| 8.1 1.9 10.1|972.2 -85.9 886.3 177.3 0.56| 16.6 9.3 6000 229 50 182 26| 7.1 1.6 8.7|1040.1 -91.8 948.2 158.0 0.56| 14.7 8.3 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KBUF/skewt/KBUF.skewt.20251130.12.gif