UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025042612.upa.cvt Date: 1200Z 26 APR 25 Searching for KBUF... Searching the city database file for: KBUF ... Date:1200Z 26 APR 25 Station: KBUF WMO ident: 72528 Latitude: 42.93 Longitude: -78.73 Elevation: 215.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 1000 61 SFC 981 215 13.2 12.7 97 0.5 12.9 225 8 287.9 289.6 286.8 314.3 9.44 2 977 250 12.4 12.4 100 0.0 12.4 231 9 287.5 289.1 286.5 313.4 9.29 3 955 444 13.0 13.0 100 0.0 13.0 266 14 289.9 291.7 288.0 317.8 9.90 4 927 699 12.6 12.0 96 0.6 12.3 295 17 292.0 293.7 288.5 319.1 9.54 5 925 717 12.6 12.3 98 0.3 12.4 295 17 292.2 293.9 288.7 319.9 9.76 6 850 1424 9.0 9.0 100 0.0 9.0 265 18 295.6 297.1 288.8 320.2 8.50 7 787 2059 5.6 5.6 100 0.0 5.6 277 15 298.5 299.8 288.7 319.9 7.26 8 778 2153 4.8 3.7 93 1.1 4.2 280 14 298.6 299.8 287.9 317.6 6.42 9 774 2195 4.8 3.0 88 1.8 3.8 280 15 299.1 300.2 287.8 317.3 6.14 10 755 2398 4.2 2.2 87 2.0 3.1 280 21 300.6 301.7 288.2 318.3 5.95 11 743 2529 3.8 1.9 87 1.9 2.8 279 22 301.5 302.6 288.5 319.2 5.92 12 700 3011 0.6 0.1 96 0.5 0.4 260 22 303.1 304.2 288.7 319.8 5.51 13 686 3173 -0.7 -0.7 100 0.0 -0.7 263 20 303.5 304.4 288.6 319.5 5.30 14 647 3638 -3.5 -3.5 100 0.0 -3.5 274 20 305.4 306.3 288.5 319.4 4.57 15 638 3749 -3.3 -4.7 90 1.4 -3.9 271 21 306.9 307.7 288.7 320.0 4.23 16 608 4128 -6.5 -6.5 100 0.0 -6.5 260 27 307.4 308.2 288.6 319.5 3.87 17 593 4323 -8.1 -8.1 100 0.0 -8.1 260 30 307.8 308.4 288.3 318.7 3.50 18 591 4349 -8.3 -8.9 95 0.6 -8.5 260 30 307.8 308.5 288.2 318.2 3.30 19 589 4376 -7.5 -12.5 67 5.0 -9.3 260 30 309.1 309.5 287.8 317.0 2.48 20 588 4389 -7.9 -12.2 71 4.3 -9.5 260 31 308.8 309.2 287.7 316.9 2.55 21 587 4402 -7.3 -19.3 38 12.0 -10.9 260 31 309.6 309.9 286.8 314.2 1.41 22 585 4429 -7.1 -24.1 24 17.0 -11.6 260 31 310.1 310.3 286.5 313.3 0.93 23 582 4469 -6.7 -27.7 17 21.0 -11.8 260 32 311.1 311.2 286.5 313.4 0.67 24 579 4509 -6.5 -28.5 16 22.0 -11.8 260 32 311.8 311.9 286.7 313.9 0.63 25 556 4825 -9.1 -23.1 31 14.0 -12.9 260 37 312.3 312.5 287.4 315.9 1.07 26 539 5065 -10.1 -31.1 16 21.0 -14.6 259 39 313.9 314.0 287.3 315.8 0.53 27 527 5238 -11.5 -28.5 23 17.0 -15.4 258 41 314.3 314.4 287.6 316.7 0.69 28 513 5444 -12.7 -33.7 15 21.0 -16.8 256 42 315.2 315.3 287.7 316.8 0.43 29 509 5504 -12.7 -35.7 13 23.0 -17.0 256 43 315.9 316.0 287.8 317.2 0.36 30 500 5640 -14.1 -34.1 17 20.0 -17.9 255 44 315.8 315.9 287.9 317.4 0.43 31 488 5823 -15.9 -34.9 18 19.0 -19.3 257 45 315.8 315.9 287.9 317.3 0.40 32 479 5963 -16.3 -44.3 7 28.0 -20.1 258 45 317.0 317.1 287.9 317.6 0.16 33 463 6218 -17.9 -43.9 8 26.0 -21.4 259 46 318.1 318.2 288.3 318.8 0.17 34 462 6234 -17.9 -43.9 8 26.0 -21.4 259 46 318.3 318.4 288.4 319.0 0.17 35 408 7147 -25.9 -45.9 14 20.0 -27.9 251 45 319.5 319.5 288.8 320.1 0.15 36 406 7183 -25.9 -41.9 21 16.0 -27.8 251 45 320.0 320.0 289.0 320.8 0.24 37 400 7290 -26.9 -42.9 21 16.0 -28.7 250 45 320.0 320.1 289.0 320.8 0.22 38 393 7417 -28.3 -43.3 22 15.0 -29.9 252 46 319.8 319.9 288.9 320.6 0.21 39 388 7509 -28.9 -42.9 25 14.0 -30.4 253 48 320.2 320.2 289.0 321.0 0.22 40 385 7564 -29.3 -43.3 25 14.0 -30.7 254 48 320.4 320.4 289.1 321.2 0.22 41 364 7963 -32.1 -48.1 19 16.0 -33.4 248 50 321.8 321.9 289.5 322.4 0.13 42 362 8002 -32.1 -51.1 13 19.0 -33.5 247 50 322.3 322.4 289.6 322.7 0.10 43 350 8239 -33.9 -52.9 13 19.0 -35.1 242 51 323.0 323.1 289.8 323.3 0.08 44 325 8754 -38.1 -52.1 22 14.0 -38.9 237 54 324.2 324.2 290.1 324.5 0.10 45 313 9012 -40.5 -55.5 18 15.0 -41.2 239 57 324.3 324.3 290.2 324.6 0.07 46 309 9100 -40.9 -57.9 14 17.0 -41.6 240 58 325.0 325.0 290.3 325.2 0.05 47 300 9300 -42.5 -57.5 18 15.0 -43.1 240 59 325.5 325.5 290.5 325.7 0.05 48 293 9459 -43.5 -58.5 18 15.0 -44.0 239 59 326.2 326.3 290.7 326.4 0.05 49 269 10025 -48.9 -61.9 21 13.0 -49.2 237 61 326.5 326.5 290.7 326.6 0.03 50 264 10147 -49.7 -63.7 18 14.0 -50.0 236 61 327.0 327.0 290.9 327.2 0.03 51 254 10398 -51.9 -63.9 22 12.0 -52.1 235 62 327.4 327.4 291.0 327.5 0.03 52 252 10449 -52.5 -62.5 29 10.0 -52.7 235 62 327.3 327.3 291.0 327.4 0.03 53 250 10500 -52.5 -64.5 22 12.0 -52.7 235 62 328.0 328.0 291.2 328.1 0.03 54 228 11091 -57.3 -65.3 36 8.0 -57.4 242 63 329.4 329.5 291.6 329.6 0.03 55 218 11374 -59.9 -63.7 61 3.8 -60.0 245 63 329.7 329.7 291.6 329.8 0.03 56 215 11461 -60.5 -65.5 52 5.0 -60.6 246 63 330.1 330.1 291.7 330.2 0.03 57 203 11818 -62.4 -68.2 46 5.8 -62.4 250 64 332.5 332.5 292.4 332.6 0.02 58 200 11910 -62.9 -68.9 44 6.0 -63.0 250 63 333.2 333.2 292.6 333.2 0.02 59 197 12003 -63.7 -68.6 51 4.9 -63.7 250 63 333.3 333.3 292.6 333.4 0.02 60 150 13690 -59.5 -84.5 2 25.0 -59.7 260 39 367.6 367.6 300.1 367.6 0.00 61 100 16230 -58.7 -85.7 2 27.0 -59.0 270 31 414.3 414.3 307.0 414.3 0.00 62 85 17248 -60.7 -86.7 2 26.0 -61.0 287 33 430.0 430.0 308.9 430.0 0.00 63 78 17788 -57.3 -86.3 1 29.0 -57.8 292 33 447.7 447.7 310.6 447.7 0.00 64 70 18470 -59.3 -86.3 2 27.0 -59.7 270 18 457.5 457.5 311.5 457.5 0.00 65 68 18651 -60.1 -87.1 2 27.0 -60.5 273 18 459.6 459.6 311.7 459.6 0.00 66 62 19227 -59.7 -86.7 2 27.0 -60.2 299 23 472.8 472.8 312.9 472.8 0.00 67 56 19866 -57.3 -86.3 1 29.0 -58.0 318 24 492.2 492.2 314.4 492.3 0.00 68 50 20580 -58.5 -86.5 2 28.0 -59.2 155 4 505.6 505.6 315.4 505.6 0.00 69 45 21243 -59.1 -87.1 1 28.0 -59.8 312 5 519.6 519.6 316.3 519.7 0.00 70 43 21529 -58.7 -87.7 1 29.0 -59.5 308 4 527.4 527.4 316.8 527.4 0.00 71 40 21988 -55.3 -86.3 1 31.0 -56.5 346 1 547.0 547.0 317.9 547.0 0.01 72 36 22659 -57.5 -86.5 1 29.0 -58.5 357 6 558.0 558.0 318.5 558.1 0.01 73 33 23212 -55.3 -86.3 1 31.0 -56.7 6 9 577.9 577.9 319.6 578.0 0.01 74 31 23611 -56.5 -86.5 1 30.0 -57.8 3 12 585.1 585.1 319.9 585.1 0.01 75 30 23820 -55.1 -86.1 1 31.0 -56.7 30 13 594.4 594.4 320.3 594.5 0.01 76 29 24036 -54.9 -85.9 1 31.0 -56.5 26 14 600.8 600.8 320.6 600.8 0.01 77 25 24980 -55.9 -86.9 1 31.0 -57.6 1 0 623.9 624.0 321.6 624.0 0.01 78 23 25512 -53.7 -85.7 1 32.0 -55.9 353 2 645.5 645.5 322.5 645.6 0.01 79 20 26410 -53.1 -86.1 1 33.0 -55.8 340 5 673.6 673.6 323.6 673.7 0.01 80 18 27089 -52.9 -85.9 1 33.0 -55.8 25 11 694.9 694.9 324.3 695.0 0.01 81 18 27089 -53.3 -86.3 1 33.0 -56.1 25 11 693.6 693.6 324.2 693.7 0.01 82 16 27854 -49.7 -84.7 1 35.0 -53.9 59 13 729.1 729.1 325.3 729.3 0.02 83 15 28275 -50.7 -84.7 1 34.0 -54.7 52 8 739.4 739.4 325.6 739.5 0.02 84 12 29735 -48.9 -83.9 1 35.0 -54.2 8 8 794.5 794.5 327.1 794.7 0.03 85 10 30940 -46.1 -84.1 1 38.0 -53.3 325 2 847.5 847.5 328.4 847.8 0.03 86 9.3 31422 -46.5 -83.5 1 37.0 -53.8 863.7 863.7 328.7 864.1 0.04 87 8.3 32182 -43.5 -83.5 0 40.0 -52.8 904.1 904.1 329.5 904.5 0.04 TRP 197 12003 -63.7 -68.6 51 4.9 -63.7 250 63 333.3 333.3 292.6 333.4 0.02 WND 203 11818 -62.4 -68.2 46 5.8 -62.4 250 64 332.5 332.5 292.4 332.6 0.02 Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5579.00 m Freezing level: 693.54 mb = 3085.72 m = 10123.61 ft Wetbulb zero: 695.07 mb = 3067.62 m = 10064.25 ft Precipitable water: 1.13 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 78.45 % Est. max temperature: 21.67 C = 71.00 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 973.80 mb = 277.92 m = 911.78 ft T: 12.49 C 700-500 lapse rate: 5.59 C/km ThetaE index: 2.90 C Layer 787.0- 755.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 979.06 mb = 231.90 m = 760.81 ft Mean mixing ratio: 9.53 g/kg Conv temperature: 12.98 C = 55.36 F Cap Strength: 3.60 C Lifted Index: 3.17 C Risk: None Lifted Index @300 mb: 5.41 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 0.84 C Showalter Index: 2.17 C Risk: Showers probable Total Totals Index: 46.20 C Risk: Scattered moderate thunderstorms Vertical Totals Index: 23.10 C Cross Totals Index: 23.10 C K Index: 31.60 Risk: 60-80 % chance of thunderstorms Sweat Index: 188.00 Risk: None Energy Index: -0.55 Risk: Scattered severe thunderstorms Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 25.70 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 7.17 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 46576.92 J/kg Cap Strength: 3.51 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 927.08 mb = 697.79 m = 2289.31 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): -1.00 mb = -9999.00 m = -9999.00 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 294 at 20 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 981 215 225 8 5.7 5.7 | 138 18 -12.2 13.7 1 937 610 295 18 16.3 -7.6 | 105 2 -1.6 0.4 2 925 717 295 17 15.4 -7.2 | 109 3 -2.5 0.9 3 903 914 280 18 17.7 -3.1 | 178 5 -0.2 4.9 4 871 1219 260 16 15.8 2.8 | 169 11 -2.1 10.8 5 850 1424 265 18 17.9 1.6 | 180 10 0.0 9.6 6 809 1829 270 18 18.0 -0.0 | 181 8 0.1 8.0 7 779 2134 280 14 13.8 -2.4 | 144 7 -4.1 5.6 8 751 2438 280 22 21.7 -3.8 | 222 6 3.8 4.2 9 723 2743 275 22 21.9 -1.9 | 213 7 4.0 6.1 10 700 3011 260 22 21.7 3.8 | 198 12 3.8 11.9 11 697 3048 260 20 19.7 3.5 | 189 12 1.8 11.5 12 644 3658 275 20 19.9 -1.7 | 198 7 2.0 6.3 13 620 3962 260 25 24.6 4.3 | 208 14 6.7 12.4 14 596 4267 260 29 28.6 5.0 | 219 17 10.7 13.1 15 551 4877 260 38 37.4 6.6 | 233 24 19.5 14.6 16 500 5640 255 44 42.5 11.4 | 232 31 24.6 19.4 17 470 6096 260 46 45.3 8.0 | 240 32 27.4 16.0 18 400 7290 250 45 42.3 15.4 | 226 34 24.4 23.4 19 382 7620 255 49 47.3 12.7 | 235 36 29.4 20.7 20 335 8534 235 52 42.6 29.8 | 213 45 24.7 37.9 21 307 9144 240 58 50.2 29.0 | 221 49 32.3 37.0 22 300 9300 240 59 51.1 29.5 | 221 50 33.2 37.5 23 250 10500 235 62 50.8 35.6 | 217 55 32.9 43.6 24 203 11818 250 64 60.1 21.9 | 235 52 42.2 29.9 25 201 11887 250 64 60.1 21.9 | 235 52 42.2 29.9 26 200 11910 250 63 59.2 21.5 | 234 51 41.3 29.6 27 197 12003 250 63 59.2 21.5 | 234 51 41.3 29.6 28 182 12497 250 55 51.7 18.8 | 232 43 33.8 26.8 29 173 12802 270 53 53.0 -0.0 | 257 36 35.1 8.0 30 165 13106 265 56 55.8 4.9 | 251 40 37.9 12.9 31 157 13411 260 40 39.4 6.9 | 235 26 21.5 15.0 32 150 13690 260 39 38.4 6.8 | 234 25 20.5 14.8 33 149 13716 255 47 45.4 12.2 | 234 34 27.5 20.2 34 136 14326 245 38 34.4 16.1 | 214 29 16.5 24.1 35 129 14630 270 43 43.0 -0.0 | 252 26 25.1 8.0 36 123 14935 270 35 35.0 -0.0 | 245 19 17.1 8.0 37 117 15240 275 39 38.9 -3.4 | 258 21 20.9 4.6 38 112 15545 285 38 36.7 -9.8 | 275 19 18.8 -1.8 39 106 15850 275 49 48.8 -4.3 | 263 31 30.9 3.8 40 101 16154 290 37 34.8 -12.7 | 285 17 16.9 -4.6 41 100 16230 270 31 31.0 -0.0 | 238 15 13.1 8.0 42 96 16459 270 31 31.0 -0.0 | 238 15 13.1 8.0 43 92 16764 290 29 27.3 -9.9 | 281 10 9.3 -1.9 44 79 17678 285 36 34.8 -9.3 | 274 17 16.9 -1.3 45 76 17983 305 27 22.1 -15.5 | 331 9 4.2 -7.5 46 72 18288 300 20 17.3 -10.0 | 17 2 -0.6 -2.0 47 70 18470 270 18 18.0 -0.0 | 181 8 0.1 8.0 48 69 18593 270 18 18.0 -0.0 | 181 8 0.1 8.0 49 62 19202 300 23 19.9 -11.5 | 330 4 2.0 -3.5 50 59 19507 290 23 21.6 -7.9 | 267 4 3.7 0.2 51 57 19812 315 26 18.4 -18.4 | 357 10 0.5 -10.3 52 54 20117 330 18 9.0 -15.6 | 50 12 -8.9 -7.6 53 50 20580 155 4 -1.7 3.6 | 121 23 -19.6 11.7 54 49 20726 80 1 -1.0 -0.2 | 113 20 -18.9 7.9 55 44 21336 290 6 5.6 -2.1 | 116 14 -12.3 6.0 56 40 21946 345 1 0.3 -1.0 | 112 19 -17.6 7.1 57 32 23470 10 11 -1.9 -10.8 | 82 20 -19.8 -2.8 58 30 23774 355 13 1.1 -13.0 | 74 17 -16.8 -4.9 59 30 23820 30 13 -6.5 -11.3 | 82 25 -24.4 -3.2 60 29 24079 25 14 -5.9 -12.7 | 79 24 -23.8 -4.7 61 27 24384 45 7 -4.9 -4.9 | 98 23 -22.9 3.1 62 25 24994 0 0 -0.0 -0.0 | 114 20 -17.9 8.0 63 20 26410 340 5 1.7 -4.7 | 102 17 -16.2 3.3 64 20 26518 25 2 -0.8 -1.8 | 108 20 -18.8 6.2 65 18 27127 25 11 -4.6 -10.0 | 85 23 -22.6 -1.9 66 17 27432 65 11 -10.0 -4.6 | 97 28 -27.9 3.4 67 16 27737 55 15 -12.3 -8.6 | 89 30 -30.2 -0.6 68 16 28042 65 10 -9.1 -4.2 | 98 27 -27.0 3.8 69 13 29261 0 0 -0.0 -0.0 | 114 20 -17.9 8.0 70 12 29870 10 10 -1.7 -9.8 | 85 20 -19.6 -1.8 71 11 30175 80 13 -12.8 -2.3 | 101 31 -30.7 5.8 72 10 30940 325 2 1.1 -1.6 | 111 18 -16.8 6.4 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 264.2 at 26.2 knts Storm direction: 294.2 at 19.6 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 3.6 neg: 2.6 tot: 6.2 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 53.0 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 36.7 neg: -26.1 tot: 10.6 m^2/s^2 ave: 3.5 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.06 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 9.9 stream: 0.6 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.00 Bulk Rich Number: 1.08 Bulk Shear: 23.88 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 281 14 142 7| 16.6 0.0 16.6| 17.8 -2.2 15.6 31.2 0.06| 20.7 1.2 1000 279 16 156 6| 8.3 5.1 13.4| 20.8 -5.0 15.8 15.8 0.12| 16.0 1.9 1500 274 16 167 7| 6.6 3.4 10.0| 26.5 -5.0 21.5 14.3 0.17| 11.9 2.0 2000 274 16 167 7| 5.4 2.5 7.9| 28.8 -13.1 15.6 7.8 0.07| 10.7 0.8 2500 275 17 173 7| 4.3 2.5 6.8| 35.9 -14.2 21.7 8.7 0.16| 10.1 1.6 3000 273 18 179 7| 3.6 2.6 6.2| 36.7 -26.1 10.6 3.5 0.06| 9.9 0.6 4000 271 19 188 8| 3.1 3.0 6.1| 52.1 -26.1 26.0 6.5 0.12| 9.2 1.1 5000 267 22 206 10| 2.5 3.4 5.9| 80.3 -27.4 52.9 10.6 0.16| 8.7 1.4 6000 264 26 217 13| 2.3 3.2 5.5|115.5 -36.6 78.9 13.1 0.18| 8.0 1.5 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KBUF/skewt/KBUF.skewt.20250426.12.gif