UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025121912.upa.cvt Date: 1200Z 19 DEC 25 Searching for KBRO... Searching the city database file for: KBRO ... Date:1200Z 19 DEC 25 Station: KBRO WMO ident: 72250 Latitude: 25.90 Longitude: -97.43 Elevation: 6.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SFC 1019 6 17.0 14.3 84 2.7 15.3 340 7 288.6 290.4 287.7 316.9 10.10 1 1005 124 19.0 13.0 68 6.0 15.3 9 18 291.7 293.4 288.2 318.4 9.40 2 1000 167 19.0 13.0 68 6.0 15.3 20 22 292.1 293.8 288.4 319.0 9.45 3 943 669 15.8 12.1 79 3.7 13.5 53 21 293.8 295.5 289.0 320.9 9.44 4 941 687 15.8 11.7 77 4.1 13.3 53 20 294.0 295.7 288.9 320.4 9.21 5 933 760 15.8 8.8 63 7.0 11.7 57 16 294.7 296.1 287.7 316.8 7.63 6 925 833 15.8 11.3 75 4.5 13.0 60 12 295.5 297.1 289.3 321.8 9.12 7 919 888 15.6 12.5 82 3.1 13.7 57 10 295.8 297.6 290.1 324.5 9.95 8 910 972 15.4 12.6 83 2.8 13.6 33 8 296.4 298.3 290.5 325.7 10.12 9 901 1056 14.8 11.5 81 3.3 12.7 359 6 296.7 298.4 290.0 324.2 9.50 10 888 1179 15.2 7.2 59 8.0 10.6 311 4 298.3 299.6 288.6 319.4 7.19 11 883 1227 15.4 6.4 55 9.0 10.2 295 3 299.0 300.2 288.5 319.2 6.84 12 869 1362 15.0 2.0 41 13.0 8.1 302 6 300.0 300.9 287.1 315.2 5.09 13 859 1460 14.2 2.2 44 12.0 7.8 307 9 300.1 301.1 287.3 315.7 5.22 14 850 1549 13.6 -0.4 38 14.0 6.5 310 11 300.4 301.2 286.6 313.6 4.37 15 848 1569 13.6 -1.4 35 15.0 6.2 310 11 300.6 301.3 286.4 312.9 4.07 16 843 1619 14.2 -2.8 31 17.0 5.9 311 12 301.7 302.4 286.4 313.0 3.69 17 841 1639 14.0 -1.0 36 15.0 6.4 312 13 301.7 302.5 286.9 314.5 4.22 18 839 1659 13.8 3.8 51 10.0 8.3 312 13 301.7 302.8 288.6 319.7 6.00 19 834 1709 13.6 -0.4 38 14.0 6.5 313 14 302.0 302.8 287.3 315.5 4.45 20 830 1749 13.0 3.0 51 10.0 7.6 314 15 301.8 302.9 288.4 319.0 5.72 21 828 1770 13.0 3.0 51 10.0 7.6 314 15 302.0 303.1 288.5 319.3 5.74 22 826 1790 13.0 1.0 44 12.0 6.7 314 15 302.2 303.1 287.8 317.3 4.98 23 823 1820 13.6 -7.4 23 21.0 4.2 315 16 303.2 303.7 285.8 311.5 2.66 24 821 1841 13.8 -6.2 24 20.0 4.6 316 16 303.6 304.1 286.3 312.7 2.93 25 809 1965 12.8 -6.2 26 19.0 4.1 324 13 303.8 304.4 286.4 313.0 2.97 26 791 2153 12.8 -11.2 18 24.0 2.8 336 10 305.8 306.2 286.1 312.3 2.05 27 702 3140 4.6 -8.4 38 13.0 -1.0 355 13 307.3 307.9 287.6 316.4 2.89 28 700 3163 4.8 -9.2 35 14.0 -1.1 355 13 307.8 308.3 287.6 316.4 2.72 29 687 3316 5.2 -16.8 19 22.0 -2.7 347 12 309.9 310.2 287.0 314.8 1.49 30 681 3387 6.4 -21.6 11 28.0 -2.9 344 12 312.0 312.2 287.2 315.4 1.00 31 678 3424 6.6 -19.4 14 26.0 -2.5 342 12 312.6 312.9 287.6 316.7 1.21 32 676 3448 6.4 -20.6 12 27.0 -2.8 341 12 312.7 312.9 287.5 316.4 1.10 33 657 3681 5.2 -27.8 7 33.0 -4.4 330 11 313.9 314.0 287.4 315.9 0.59 34 640 3894 4.2 -19.8 15 24.0 -4.1 334 12 315.1 315.3 288.5 319.3 1.24 35 568 4852 -2.5 -25.5 15 23.0 -9.1 287 12 318.2 318.3 289.1 321.1 0.84 36 566 4880 -1.9 -32.9 7 31.0 -9.5 286 12 319.2 319.3 289.0 320.7 0.42 37 500 5850 -10.1 -36.1 10 26.0 -15.3 255 7 320.7 320.8 289.3 322.0 0.35 38 491 5990 -11.3 -36.3 11 25.0 -16.2 255 5 320.9 321.0 289.4 322.2 0.35 39 481 6147 -11.9 -38.9 9 27.0 -16.8 272 5 322.1 322.1 289.7 323.1 0.27 40 471 6308 -12.5 -42.5 6 30.0 -17.4 332 8 323.3 323.3 290.0 324.0 0.19 41 400 7530 -23.3 -45.3 11 22.0 -25.9 360 17 324.7 324.7 290.4 325.3 0.17 42 379 7921 -26.9 -48.9 11 22.0 -29.0 16 17 325.0 325.0 290.4 325.5 0.12 43 356 8369 -30.1 -57.1 5 27.0 -31.9 40 16 326.6 326.6 290.8 326.8 0.05 44 300 9560 -40.5 -60.5 10 20.0 -41.3 15 21 328.3 328.3 291.3 328.4 0.04 45 265 10395 -47.9 -62.9 16 15.0 -48.3 3 31 329.3 329.3 291.6 329.4 0.03 46 261 10495 -48.5 -65.5 12 17.0 -48.9 2 33 329.9 329.9 291.7 330.0 0.02 47 256 10623 -47.7 -65.7 11 18.0 -48.1 1 34 332.9 332.9 292.5 333.0 0.02 48 250 10780 -48.7 -66.7 11 18.0 -49.1 10 30 333.7 333.7 292.7 333.7 0.02 49 244 10938 -50.1 -67.1 12 17.0 -50.4 11 27 333.9 333.9 292.8 334.0 0.02 50 240 11046 -49.9 -68.9 9 19.0 -50.3 12 24 335.8 335.8 293.3 335.8 0.01 51 219 11636 -54.7 -70.7 12 16.0 -54.9 356 13 337.3 337.3 293.7 337.3 0.01 52 205 12054 -57.1 -73.1 11 16.0 -57.3 266 15 339.9 339.9 294.3 340.0 0.01 53 200 12210 -56.1 -75.1 8 19.0 -56.3 280 28 343.9 343.9 295.3 344.0 0.01 54 197 12306 -55.9 -74.9 8 19.0 -56.1 282 30 345.7 345.7 295.7 345.8 0.01 55 194 12404 -54.3 -77.3 4 23.0 -54.6 283 31 349.8 349.8 296.6 349.8 0.01 56 190 12538 -52.7 -79.7 2 27.0 -53.1 283 34 354.5 354.5 297.6 354.5 0.00 57 176 13030 -55.3 -80.3 3 25.0 -55.6 262 45 358.0 358.0 298.3 358.1 0.00 58 174 13103 -55.1 -81.1 3 26.0 -55.4 259 47 359.5 359.6 298.6 359.6 0.00 59 150 14040 -60.5 -82.5 4 22.0 -60.7 270 42 365.9 365.9 299.8 365.9 0.00 60 100 16480 -73.9 -90.9 6 17.0 -73.9 250 36 384.9 384.9 303.1 384.9 0.00 61 93 16901 -75.9 -90.9 8 15.0 -75.9 260 36 389.1 389.1 303.6 389.1 0.00 62 87 17288 -74.5 -90.5 7 16.0 -74.6 268 34 399.4 399.4 305.1 399.4 0.00 63 70 18540 -78.3 -90.3 13 12.0 -78.3 285 21 416.9 416.9 307.3 416.9 0.00 64 66 18877 -76.1 -89.1 11 13.0 -76.2 292 22 428.7 428.7 308.7 428.7 0.00 65 64 19056 -72.5 -88.5 7 16.0 -72.6 302 23 440.4 440.4 309.9 440.4 0.00 66 61 19340 -70.5 -88.5 5 18.0 -70.6 312 18 451.0 451.0 311.0 451.0 0.00 67 57 19741 -71.3 -90.3 4 19.0 -71.4 246 10 458.0 458.0 311.6 458.0 0.00 68 56 19846 -70.9 -89.9 4 19.0 -71.0 229 11 461.2 461.2 311.9 461.2 0.00 69 54 20063 -67.1 -89.1 3 22.0 -67.3 226 14 474.8 474.8 313.0 474.8 0.00 70 52 20291 -66.3 -89.3 3 23.0 -66.5 192 19 481.8 481.8 313.6 481.8 0.00 71 50 20530 -63.9 -89.9 2 26.0 -64.3 220 21 492.9 492.9 314.4 492.9 0.00 72 48 20781 -62.1 -89.1 2 27.0 -62.6 218 21 503.0 503.0 315.2 503.0 0.00 73 41 21761 -59.3 -88.3 1 29.0 -60.0 240 24 533.2 533.2 317.1 533.2 0.00 74 37 22402 -60.1 -89.1 1 29.0 -60.9 254 12 547.0 547.0 317.9 547.0 0.00 75 34 22924 -63.9 -89.9 2 26.0 -64.4 219 11 550.4 550.4 318.1 550.4 0.00 76 32 23295 -64.1 -91.1 1 27.0 -64.6 223 11 559.5 559.5 318.6 559.5 0.00 77 32 23295 -62.9 -89.9 1 27.0 -63.5 223 11 562.7 562.7 318.8 562.7 0.00 78 31 23490 -64.7 -90.7 2 26.0 -65.2 231 12 563.0 563.0 318.8 563.0 0.00 79 30 23690 -63.7 -90.7 1 27.0 -64.3 180 9 571.0 571.0 319.2 571.0 0.00 80 29 23898 -62.9 -90.9 1 28.0 -63.6 191 5 578.7 578.8 319.6 578.8 0.00 81 27 24345 -57.1 -88.1 1 31.0 -58.5 208 12 607.0 607.0 320.9 607.0 0.01 82 26 24584 -56.5 -87.5 1 31.0 -58.0 227 13 615.3 615.3 321.3 615.3 0.01 83 24 25091 -57.7 -87.7 1 30.0 -59.2 257 17 626.0 626.0 321.7 626.1 0.01 84 22 25643 -55.5 -86.5 1 31.0 -57.5 248 22 648.4 648.4 322.6 648.4 0.01 85 20 26250 -56.1 -87.1 1 31.0 -58.1 270 24 664.5 664.5 323.2 664.5 0.01 86 19 26577 -54.9 -85.9 1 31.0 -57.2 277 25 678.0 678.0 323.7 678.1 0.01 87 18 26922 -55.3 -86.3 1 31.0 -57.6 272 25 687.3 687.3 324.0 687.4 0.01 88 16 27679 -52.3 -85.3 1 33.0 -55.6 252 25 720.6 720.6 325.1 720.8 0.02 89 15 28095 -53.5 -85.5 1 32.0 -56.6 254 26 730.1 730.1 325.4 730.2 0.02 90 14 28541 -51.9 -84.9 1 33.0 -55.7 261 28 750.1 750.1 326.0 750.2 0.02 91 13 29022 -51.3 -84.3 1 33.0 -55.5 267 30 768.2 768.2 326.4 768.4 0.02 92 12 29545 -49.1 -84.1 1 35.0 -54.4 273 32 793.8 793.8 327.1 794.0 0.03 93 11 30115 -49.7 -83.7 1 34.0 -55.0 279 35 811.6 811.6 327.5 811.9 0.03 94 10 30740 -48.9 -83.9 1 35.0 -54.8 274 34 837.0 837.0 328.1 837.3 0.03 95 10 30740 -46.7 -82.7 1 36.0 -53.6 274 34 845.2 845.2 328.3 845.6 0.04 TRP 93 16901 -75.9 -90.9 8 15.0 -75.9 260 36 389.1 389.1 303.6 389.1 0.00 WND Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5683.00 m Freezing level: 594.87 mb = 4494.45 m = 14745.39 ft Wetbulb zero: 725.17 mb = 2871.37 m = 9420.38 ft Precipitable water: 0.82 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 31.07 % Est. max temperature: 28.43 C = 83.17 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 978.96 mb = 348.88 m = 1144.61 ft T: 17.84 C 700-500 lapse rate: 5.55 C/km ThetaE index: 10.55 C Layer 901.0- 859.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 740.76 mb = 2695.55 m = 8843.55 ft Mean mixing ratio: 9.31 g/kg Conv temperature: 35.17 C = 95.30 F Cap Strength: 8.11 C Lifted Index: 6.46 C Risk: None Lifted Index @300 mb: 6.59 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 4.49 C Showalter Index: 10.04 C Risk: None Total Totals Index: 33.40 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 23.70 C Cross Totals Index: 9.70 C K Index: 9.30 Risk: None Sweat Index: 29.00 Risk: None Energy Index: 1.94 Risk: None Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 13.97 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 5.29 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 56344.79 J/kg Cap Strength: 8.12 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 900.19 mb = 1063.55 m = 3489.30 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): -1.00 mb = -9999.00 m = -9999.00 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 10 at 9 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 1019 6 340 7 2.4 -6.6 | 242 4 3.8 2.0 1 1000 167 20 22 -7.5 -20.7 | 27 14 -6.1 -12.1 2 984 305 35 25 -14.3 -20.5 | 47 18 -12.9 -11.9 3 950 610 50 24 -18.4 -15.4 | 68 18 -16.9 -6.8 4 925 833 60 12 -10.4 -6.0 | 106 9 -8.9 2.6 5 916 914 55 9 -7.4 -5.2 | 120 7 -5.9 3.5 6 884 1219 295 3 2.7 -1.3 | 210 8 4.2 7.3 7 853 1524 310 10 7.7 -6.4 | 256 9 9.1 2.2 8 850 1549 310 11 8.4 -7.1 | 261 10 9.9 1.5 9 822 1829 315 16 11.3 -11.3 | 282 13 12.8 -2.7 10 792 2134 335 10 4.2 -9.1 | 275 6 5.7 -0.4 11 764 2438 360 13 -0.0 -13.0 | 342 5 1.4 -4.4 12 736 2743 355 6 0.5 -6.0 | 217 3 2.0 2.6 13 700 3163 355 13 1.1 -13.0 | 329 5 2.6 -4.3 14 658 3658 330 11 5.5 -9.5 | 277 7 6.9 -0.9 15 633 3962 335 12 5.1 -10.9 | 289 7 6.5 -2.3 16 610 4267 310 7 5.4 -4.5 | 239 8 6.8 4.1 17 565 4877 285 12 11.6 -3.1 | 247 14 13.0 5.5 18 544 5182 310 15 11.5 -9.6 | 275 13 12.9 -1.0 19 523 5486 285 10 9.7 -2.6 | 242 13 11.1 6.0 20 500 5850 255 7 6.8 1.8 | 218 13 8.2 10.4 21 484 6096 255 4 3.9 1.0 | 209 11 5.3 9.7 22 465 6401 10 10 -1.7 -9.8 | 13 1 -0.3 -1.2 23 429 7010 350 13 2.3 -12.8 | 318 6 3.7 -4.2 24 400 7530 360 17 -0.0 -17.0 | 350 9 1.4 -8.4 25 395 7620 360 17 -0.0 -17.0 | 350 9 1.4 -8.4 26 347 8534 50 16 -12.3 -10.3 | 81 11 -10.8 -1.7 27 318 9144 25 18 -7.6 -16.3 | 39 10 -6.2 -7.7 28 300 9560 15 21 -5.4 -20.3 | 19 12 -4.0 -11.7 29 291 9754 10 23 -4.0 -22.7 | 10 14 -2.5 -14.0 30 254 10668 360 35 -0.0 -35.0 | 357 26 1.4 -26.4 31 250 10780 10 30 -5.2 -29.5 | 10 21 -3.8 -20.9 32 221 11582 15 13 -3.4 -12.6 | 26 4 -1.9 -3.9 33 210 11887 250 10 9.4 3.4 | 222 16 10.8 12.0 34 201 12192 280 20 19.7 -3.5 | 256 22 21.1 5.1 35 200 12210 280 28 27.6 -4.9 | 263 29 29.0 3.8 36 191 12497 285 33 31.9 -8.5 | 270 33 33.3 0.1 37 166 13411 245 54 48.9 22.8 | 238 59 50.4 31.4 38 150 14040 270 42 42.0 -0.0 | 259 44 43.4 8.6 39 143 14326 265 41 40.8 3.6 | 254 44 42.3 12.2 40 129 14935 260 50 49.2 8.7 | 251 54 50.7 17.3 41 123 15240 265 47 46.8 4.1 | 255 50 48.3 12.7 42 111 15850 275 32 31.9 -2.8 | 260 34 33.3 5.8 43 106 16154 250 29 27.3 9.9 | 237 34 28.7 18.5 44 100 16480 250 36 33.8 12.3 | 239 41 35.3 20.9 45 95 16764 250 36 33.8 12.3 | 239 41 35.3 20.9 46 93 16901 260 36 35.5 6.3 | 248 40 36.9 14.9 47 86 17374 270 34 34.0 -0.0 | 256 36 35.4 8.6 48 81 17678 255 33 31.9 8.5 | 243 37 33.3 17.2 49 73 18288 300 26 22.5 -13.0 | 280 24 24.0 -4.4 50 70 18540 285 21 20.3 -5.4 | 262 22 21.7 3.2 51 69 18593 275 21 20.9 -1.8 | 253 23 22.4 6.8 52 63 19202 310 24 18.4 -15.4 | 289 21 19.8 -6.8 53 59 19507 315 12 8.5 -8.5 | 269 10 9.9 0.1 54 56 19812 230 10 7.7 6.4 | 211 18 9.1 15.0 55 54 20117 225 15 10.6 10.6 | 212 23 12.1 19.2 56 51 20422 170 21 -3.6 20.7 | 176 29 -2.2 29.3 57 50 20530 220 21 13.5 16.1 | 211 29 14.9 24.7 58 48 20726 220 20 12.9 15.3 | 211 28 14.3 23.9 59 46 21031 210 23 11.5 19.9 | 204 31 12.9 28.5 60 44 21336 235 25 20.5 14.3 | 224 32 21.9 23.0 61 42 21641 225 24 17.0 17.0 | 216 32 18.4 25.6 62 40 21946 265 23 22.9 2.0 | 246 27 24.4 10.6 63 38 22250 280 13 12.8 -2.3 | 246 16 14.3 6.4 64 36 22555 225 10 7.1 7.1 | 209 18 8.5 15.7 65 33 23165 215 11 6.3 9.0 | 204 19 7.8 17.6 66 31 23470 235 12 9.8 6.9 | 216 19 11.3 15.5 67 30 23690 180 9 0.0 9.0 | 185 18 1.4 17.6 68 30 23774 195 2 0.5 1.9 | 191 11 2.0 10.5 69 28 24079 185 10 0.9 10.0 | 187 19 2.3 18.6 70 27 24384 210 12 6.0 10.4 | 201 20 7.4 19.0 71 24 24994 260 16 15.8 2.8 | 236 21 17.2 11.4 72 22 25603 245 22 19.9 9.3 | 230 28 21.4 17.9 73 20 26213 285 25 24.1 -6.5 | 265 26 25.6 2.1 74 20 26250 270 24 24.0 -0.0 | 251 27 25.4 8.6 75 19 26518 280 25 24.6 -4.3 | 261 26 26.1 4.3 76 17 26822 255 25 24.1 6.5 | 239 30 25.6 15.1 77 16 27127 250 25 23.5 8.6 | 235 30 24.9 17.2 78 14 27432 260 28 27.6 4.9 | 245 32 29.0 13.5 79 11 28346 280 35 34.5 -6.1 | 266 36 35.9 2.5 80 8 29261 260 33 32.5 5.7 | 247 37 33.9 14.3 81 8 29566 275 36 35.9 -3.1 | 262 38 37.3 5.5 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 339.5 at 11.6 knts Storm direction: 9.5 at 8.7 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 5.4 neg: 4.8 tot: 10.2 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 64.2 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 147.4 neg: -6.0 tot: 141.4 m^2/s^2 ave: 47.1 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.62 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 16.7 stream: 10.3 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.01 Bulk Rich Number: 0.40 Bulk Shear: 35.29 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 30 21 43 13| 22.9 0.0 22.9| 60.9 0.0 60.9 121.8 0.86| 32.4 27.9 1000 39 19 60 12| 11.5 9.3 20.8|106.2 0.0 106.2 106.2 0.78| 28.1 21.8 1500 33 14 62 7| 7.6 9.3 16.9|123.2 -1.8 121.3 80.9 0.74| 23.9 17.8 2000 15 14 23 5| 6.5 7.0 13.4|139.2 -2.1 137.1 68.5 0.71| 20.6 14.7 2500 8 14 6 5| 6.4 5.6 12.0|145.3 -3.6 141.7 56.7 0.69| 18.3 12.6 3000 7 13 1 4| 5.4 4.8 10.2|147.4 -6.0 141.4 47.1 0.62| 16.7 10.3 4000 360 12 338 4| 4.0 4.2 8.2|150.0 -14.3 135.7 33.9 0.53| 13.7 7.3 5000 349 12 310 5| 3.2 4.1 7.3|162.2 -24.5 137.7 27.5 0.46| 12.4 5.7 6000 340 12 293 6| 2.7 3.2 5.9|173.6 -69.6 104.0 17.3 0.33| 11.8 3.9 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KBRO/skewt/KBRO.skewt.20251219.12.gif