UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025120912.upa.cvt Date: 1200Z 9 DEC 25 Searching for KBRO... Searching the city database file for: KBRO ... Date:1200Z 9 DEC 25 Station: KBRO WMO ident: 72250 Latitude: 25.90 Longitude: -97.43 Elevation: 6.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SFC 1021 6 9.4 7.8 90 1.6 8.6 350 5 280.9 282.0 280.7 298.7 6.51 1 1016 47 11.2 9.1 87 2.1 10.0 7 6 283.1 284.3 282.5 302.8 7.15 2 1014 63 13.6 10.8 83 2.8 12.0 13 7 285.6 287.0 284.5 307.9 8.04 3 1009 105 15.0 11.1 77 3.9 12.7 30 8 287.4 288.9 285.5 310.5 8.24 4 1001 172 15.8 9.8 67 6.0 12.3 57 11 288.9 290.2 285.4 310.3 7.61 5 1000 180 15.8 9.8 67 6.0 12.3 60 11 289.0 290.3 285.5 310.4 7.62 6 939 711 11.4 9.4 87 2.0 10.3 76 10 289.7 291.1 286.1 312.1 7.90 7 933 765 11.2 7.4 77 3.8 9.1 73 9 290.0 291.3 285.2 309.7 6.93 8 925 837 11.4 1.4 50 10.0 6.5 70 7 291.0 291.8 283.1 304.2 4.57 9 920 882 11.4 -2.6 37 14.0 5.0 58 5 291.4 292.0 282.0 301.5 3.43 10 902 1047 11.6 -12.4 17 24.0 2.6 13 6 293.3 293.6 280.6 298.3 1.63 11 850 1542 10.0 -11.0 22 21.0 1.8 290 9 296.6 297.0 282.4 302.6 1.94 12 839 1650 9.4 -9.6 25 19.0 1.7 286 9 297.1 297.5 282.9 303.8 2.20 13 835 1690 9.6 -12.4 20 22.0 1.2 285 10 297.7 298.0 282.7 303.2 1.76 14 832 1720 10.0 -4.0 37 14.0 3.5 284 10 298.4 299.1 284.8 308.8 3.41 15 820 1840 9.8 -4.2 37 14.0 3.4 279 10 299.5 300.1 285.2 309.8 3.41 16 812 1922 9.8 -0.2 50 10.0 4.8 274 11 300.3 301.2 286.8 314.3 4.64 17 804 2004 9.6 -2.4 43 12.0 3.8 269 11 301.0 301.7 286.4 313.0 3.98 18 799 2056 9.4 -0.6 50 10.0 4.4 265 11 301.3 302.1 287.1 315.1 4.58 19 796 2087 9.8 -4.2 37 14.0 3.2 263 12 302.0 302.7 286.3 312.8 3.52 20 794 2108 9.8 -3.2 40 13.0 3.6 262 12 302.2 302.9 286.7 313.8 3.80 21 782 2234 10.0 -18.0 12 28.0 0.1 268 11 303.8 304.0 284.4 307.6 1.18 22 776 2298 10.8 -13.2 17 24.0 1.3 273 10 305.3 305.6 285.7 311.0 1.78 23 764 2428 10.0 -12.0 20 22.0 1.1 284 9 305.8 306.2 286.1 312.2 1.99 24 734 2759 8.0 -1.0 53 9.0 3.4 304 20 307.1 308.1 289.4 322.1 4.85 25 732 2782 7.8 -0.2 57 8.0 3.7 303 20 307.2 308.1 289.7 323.0 5.15 26 700 3148 4.4 -0.6 70 5.0 1.8 285 19 307.4 308.3 289.8 323.5 5.23 27 683 3347 2.4 -1.1 78 3.5 0.7 285 18 307.3 308.3 289.8 323.2 5.17 28 675 3443 1.6 -2.1 76 3.7 -0.2 279 17 307.4 308.3 289.5 322.4 4.86 29 674 3454 1.4 -3.0 72 4.4 -0.7 279 16 307.3 308.2 289.2 321.4 4.55 30 673 3466 1.6 -5.4 60 7.0 -1.6 278 16 307.7 308.4 288.6 319.5 3.80 31 670 3502 1.8 -8.2 47 10.0 -2.5 276 16 308.3 308.9 288.1 318.0 3.07 32 667 3539 2.6 -16.4 23 19.0 -4.2 273 15 309.6 309.9 287.0 314.8 1.59 33 658 3649 3.4 -27.6 8 31.0 -5.3 266 13 311.7 311.8 286.6 313.8 0.60 34 643 3835 2.0 -24.0 13 26.0 -5.8 276 11 312.2 312.4 287.1 315.1 0.85 35 625 4064 0.8 -31.2 7 32.0 -7.3 282 11 313.4 313.5 287.1 315.0 0.45 36 598 4417 -1.9 -27.9 12 26.0 -8.8 284 17 314.2 314.3 287.6 316.5 0.64 37 592 4497 -1.9 -29.9 10 28.0 -9.1 289 19 315.1 315.2 287.8 317.0 0.54 38 509 5682 -9.3 -41.3 5 32.0 -15.0 295 20 320.1 320.1 289.0 320.8 0.20 39 500 5820 -10.5 -40.5 7 30.0 -15.8 295 20 320.2 320.3 289.0 321.1 0.22 40 452 6584 -16.5 -43.5 8 27.0 -20.4 276 20 322.1 322.1 289.6 322.8 0.18 41 406 7381 -20.9 -53.9 3 33.0 -24.2 269 35 326.4 326.4 290.7 326.7 0.06 42 402 7453 -21.7 -54.7 3 33.0 -24.9 270 38 326.3 326.3 290.7 326.5 0.06 43 400 7490 -21.7 -54.7 3 33.0 -24.9 270 39 326.8 326.8 290.9 327.0 0.06 44 369 8083 -24.3 -59.3 2 35.0 -27.2 265 52 331.0 331.0 292.0 331.1 0.03 45 364 8183 -24.1 -58.1 3 34.0 -27.1 264 55 332.5 332.5 292.4 332.7 0.04 46 337 8742 -28.3 -48.3 13 20.0 -30.3 260 67 334.2 334.2 293.0 334.8 0.14 47 323 9046 -29.7 -55.7 6 26.0 -31.7 260 68 336.3 336.4 293.4 336.6 0.06 48 319 9135 -30.1 -53.1 9 23.0 -32.0 260 69 337.0 337.0 293.7 337.3 0.09 49 300 9570 -33.9 -44.9 32 11.0 -35.0 265 74 337.6 337.6 294.0 338.5 0.23 50 298 9616 -34.3 -45.3 32 11.0 -35.4 265 74 337.7 337.7 294.0 338.6 0.22 51 296 9663 -34.9 -42.9 44 8.0 -35.7 265 74 337.5 337.5 294.0 338.6 0.29 52 281 10021 -38.3 -44.3 53 6.0 -38.8 263 75 337.6 337.7 294.0 338.7 0.27 53 280 10045 -38.5 -43.5 59 5.0 -38.9 262 75 337.7 337.8 294.0 338.8 0.29 54 277 10119 -38.9 -42.9 66 4.0 -39.3 262 75 338.2 338.2 294.1 339.4 0.31 55 276 10143 -39.1 -43.1 66 4.0 -39.5 261 75 338.2 338.3 294.2 339.4 0.31 56 271 10268 -39.7 -44.6 59 4.9 -40.1 260 76 339.1 339.2 294.4 340.2 0.27 57 250 10810 -44.5 -47.6 71 3.1 -44.7 255 78 339.9 340.0 294.5 340.7 0.21 58 200 12270 -56.3 -61.2 54 4.9 -56.4 265 85 343.6 343.6 295.3 343.8 0.05 59 197 12366 -56.8 -62.2 51 5.3 -56.9 265 86 344.2 344.2 295.4 344.4 0.05 60 150 14050 -66.7 -79.7 14 13.0 -66.8 250 68 355.2 355.2 297.7 355.2 0.00 61 101 16383 -77.9 -87.9 18 10.0 -77.9 265 64 376.1 376.1 301.6 376.2 0.00 62 100 16440 -77.5 -87.5 19 10.0 -77.5 265 65 378.0 378.0 301.9 378.0 0.00 63 95 16735 -77.5 -88.5 15 11.0 -77.5 265 65 383.6 383.6 302.8 383.6 0.00 64 94 16796 -75.7 -87.7 14 12.0 -75.7 265 65 388.3 388.3 303.5 388.3 0.00 65 86 17310 -77.5 -88.5 15 11.0 -77.5 270 63 394.7 394.7 304.5 394.7 0.00 66 74 18184 -73.1 -88.1 8 15.0 -73.2 265 55 421.2 421.2 307.9 421.3 0.00 67 70 18510 -73.5 -88.5 8 15.0 -73.6 290 49 427.1 427.1 308.5 427.2 0.00 68 65 18941 -75.1 -89.1 10 14.0 -75.2 294 47 432.8 432.8 309.1 432.8 0.00 69 61 19309 -74.5 -89.5 8 15.0 -74.6 285 38 442.1 442.1 310.1 442.1 0.00 70 60 19406 -72.3 -89.3 6 17.0 -72.4 282 36 449.1 449.1 310.8 449.1 0.00 71 58 19605 -71.9 -89.9 5 18.0 -72.0 276 36 454.4 454.4 311.3 454.4 0.00 72 56 19811 -72.3 -90.3 5 18.0 -72.4 269 40 458.0 458.0 311.6 458.0 0.00 73 55 19917 -71.3 -91.3 4 20.0 -71.4 262 37 462.7 462.7 312.0 462.7 0.00 74 55 19917 -68.5 -89.5 3 21.0 -68.7 262 37 469.1 469.1 312.5 469.1 0.00 75 54 20027 -66.9 -89.9 3 23.0 -67.1 255 34 475.3 475.3 313.1 475.3 0.00 76 50 20490 -68.3 -89.3 3 21.0 -68.5 300 32 482.5 482.5 313.7 482.6 0.00 77 45 21119 -69.5 -90.5 3 21.0 -69.7 288 29 494.4 494.4 314.5 494.4 0.00 78 40 21831 -63.5 -89.5 2 26.0 -64.0 260 24 526.4 526.4 316.7 526.4 0.00 79 38 22145 -64.3 -89.3 2 25.0 -64.7 244 26 532.1 532.1 317.1 532.1 0.00 80 31 23397 -61.7 -89.7 1 28.0 -62.4 251 31 571.1 571.1 319.2 571.1 0.00 81 30 23600 -60.9 -89.9 1 29.0 -61.7 255 42 578.6 578.6 319.6 578.6 0.00 82 29 23812 -60.1 -89.1 1 29.0 -61.0 255 42 586.5 586.5 320.0 586.5 0.00 83 28 24030 -61.1 -89.1 1 28.0 -62.0 255 42 589.6 589.6 320.1 589.6 0.00 84 26 24495 -58.1 -88.1 1 30.0 -59.4 268 32 610.7 610.7 321.1 610.8 0.01 85 21 25849 -55.9 -86.9 1 31.0 -57.8 292 41 655.9 655.9 322.9 655.9 0.01 86 21 25849 -56.7 -86.7 1 30.0 -58.5 292 41 653.4 653.4 322.8 653.5 0.01 87 20 26160 -54.5 -86.5 1 32.0 -56.8 295 43 669.4 669.4 323.4 669.4 0.01 88 19 26488 -54.9 -85.9 1 31.0 -57.2 292 35 678.0 678.0 323.7 678.1 0.01 89 18 26835 -53.1 -86.1 1 33.0 -56.0 294 38 694.2 694.3 324.3 694.3 0.01 90 14 28462 -50.7 -83.7 1 33.0 -54.9 262 48 754.1 754.1 326.1 754.3 0.03 91 13 28944 -51.7 -84.7 1 33.0 -55.8 273 55 766.8 766.8 326.4 767.0 0.02 92 12 29465 -49.5 -83.5 1 34.0 -54.6 277 57 792.4 792.4 327.1 792.6 0.03 93 11 30033 -50.5 -84.5 1 34.0 -55.5 269 52 808.7 808.7 327.4 808.9 0.03 94 10 30660 -46.7 -82.7 1 36.0 -53.6 260 47 845.2 845.2 328.3 845.6 0.04 95 9.5 31001 -44.3 -81.3 1 37.0 -52.5 256 49 866.8 866.8 328.8 867.4 0.06 96 8.8 31514 -43.7 -81.7 1 38.0 -52.6 249 51 888.3 888.3 329.2 888.9 0.06 97 8.3 31906 -45.1 -82.1 1 37.0 -53.5 244 53 897.8 897.8 329.4 898.4 0.06 98 8.0 32153 -42.7 -81.7 1 39.0 -52.5 241 54 916.8 916.9 329.8 917.5 0.06 99 7.6 32498 -43.1 -81.1 1 38.0 -52.9 237 55 928.8 928.8 329.9 929.6 0.07 100 7.1 32962 -37.1 -79.1 0 42.0 -50.8 231 58 971.7 971.8 330.7 973.0 0.11 101 7.0 33060 -37.5 -79.5 0 42.0 -51.0 230 58 974.0 974.1 330.8 975.2 0.10 102 6.1 34004 -40.3 -80.3 1 40.0 -52.8 1001.1 1001.2 331.2 1002.3 0.10 TRP 101 16383 -77.9 -87.9 18 10.0 -77.9 265 64 376.1 376.1 301.6 376.2 0.00 WND 197 12366 -56.8 -62.2 51 5.3 -56.9 265 86 344.2 344.2 295.4 344.4 0.05 Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5640.00 m Freezing level: 617.00 mb = 4168.49 m = 13676.00 ft Wetbulb zero: 676.95 mb = 3419.19 m = 11217.68 ft Precipitable water: 0.68 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 32.32 % Est. max temperature: 23.85 C = 74.93 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 996.47 mb = 209.81 m = 688.35 ft T: 15.55 C 700-500 lapse rate: 5.58 C/km ThetaE index: 13.79 C Layer 933.0- 850.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 697.68 mb = 3174.98 m = 10416.47 ft Mean mixing ratio: 7.40 g/kg Conv temperature: 36.03 C = 96.86 F Cap Strength: 12.13 C Lifted Index: 11.98 C Risk: None Lifted Index @300 mb: 19.93 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 8.66 C Showalter Index: 16.67 C Risk: None Total Totals Index: 20.00 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 20.50 C Cross Totals Index: -0.50 C K Index: 4.50 Risk: None Sweat Index: 38.00 Risk: None Energy Index: 4.03 Risk: None Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 17.29 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 5.88 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 62716.73 J/kg Cap Strength: 12.10 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 909.36 mb = 979.38 m = 3213.15 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): -1.00 mb = -9999.00 m = -9999.00 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 322 at 11 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 1021 6 350 5 0.9 -4.9 | 121 7 -5.6 3.4 1 1000 180 60 11 -9.5 -5.5 | 100 16 -16.0 2.8 2 985 305 70 12 -11.3 -4.1 | 103 18 -17.8 4.2 3 950 610 80 13 -12.8 -2.3 | 108 20 -19.3 6.1 4 925 837 70 7 -6.6 -2.4 | 114 14 -13.1 6.0 5 916 914 50 4 -3.1 -2.6 | 121 11 -9.6 5.8 6 884 1219 325 8 4.6 -6.6 | 133 3 -1.9 1.8 7 850 1542 290 9 8.5 -3.1 | 200 6 2.0 5.3 8 821 1829 280 10 9.8 -1.7 | 207 7 3.4 6.6 9 791 2134 260 12 11.8 2.1 | 207 12 5.3 10.4 10 763 2438 285 9 8.7 -2.3 | 200 6 2.2 6.0 11 735 2743 305 20 16.4 -11.5 | 288 10 9.9 -3.1 12 700 3148 285 19 18.4 -4.9 | 254 12 11.9 3.4 13 682 3353 285 18 17.4 -4.7 | 251 12 10.9 3.7 14 656 3658 265 13 13.0 1.1 | 214 11 6.5 9.5 15 632 3962 285 10 9.7 -2.6 | 209 7 3.2 5.8 16 608 4267 275 13 13.0 -1.1 | 222 10 6.5 7.2 17 585 4572 295 22 19.9 -9.3 | 274 13 13.5 -1.0 18 563 4877 290 18 16.9 -6.2 | 258 11 10.4 2.2 19 542 5182 275 19 18.9 -1.7 | 242 14 12.4 6.7 20 502 5791 300 20 17.3 -10.0 | 279 11 10.8 -1.7 21 500 5820 295 20 18.1 -8.5 | 271 12 11.6 -0.1 22 482 6096 285 17 16.4 -4.4 | 248 11 9.9 3.9 23 463 6401 280 19 18.7 -3.3 | 248 13 12.2 5.0 24 426 7010 265 23 22.9 2.0 | 238 19 16.4 10.4 25 400 7490 270 39 39.0 -0.0 | 256 34 32.5 8.3 26 393 7620 270 39 39.0 -0.0 | 256 34 32.5 8.3 27 346 8534 260 66 65.0 11.5 | 251 62 58.5 19.8 28 318 9144 260 69 68.0 12.0 | 252 65 61.5 20.3 29 300 9570 265 74 73.7 6.4 | 258 69 67.2 14.8 30 292 9754 265 74 73.7 6.4 | 258 69 67.2 14.8 31 250 10810 255 78 75.3 20.2 | 247 75 68.9 28.5 32 244 10973 250 78 73.3 26.7 | 242 75 66.8 35.0 33 200 12270 265 85 84.7 7.4 | 259 80 78.2 15.8 34 197 12366 265 86 85.7 7.5 | 259 81 79.2 15.8 35 193 12497 265 86 85.7 7.5 | 259 81 79.2 15.8 36 175 13106 265 68 67.7 5.9 | 257 63 61.3 14.3 37 150 14050 250 68 63.9 23.3 | 241 66 57.4 31.6 38 136 14630 245 69 62.5 29.2 | 236 67 56.0 37.5 39 123 15240 265 68 67.7 5.9 | 257 63 61.3 14.3 40 111 15850 270 60 60.0 -0.0 | 261 54 53.5 8.3 41 101 16383 265 64 63.8 5.6 | 256 59 57.3 13.9 42 100 16440 265 65 64.8 5.7 | 256 60 58.3 14.0 43 95 16764 265 65 64.8 5.7 | 256 60 58.3 14.0 44 85 17374 270 63 63.0 -0.0 | 262 57 56.5 8.3 45 77 17983 265 62 61.8 5.4 | 256 57 55.3 13.7 46 73 18288 265 51 50.8 4.4 | 254 46 44.3 12.8 47 70 18510 290 49 46.0 -16.8 | 282 40 39.6 -8.4 48 69 18593 275 58 57.8 -5.1 | 266 51 51.3 3.3 49 66 18898 295 48 43.5 -20.3 | 288 39 37.0 -11.9 50 59 19507 280 34 33.5 -5.9 | 265 27 27.0 2.4 51 56 19812 270 40 40.0 -0.0 | 256 35 33.5 8.3 52 53 20117 250 32 30.1 10.9 | 231 30 23.6 19.3 53 51 20422 300 34 29.4 -17.0 | 291 25 23.0 -8.7 54 50 20490 300 32 27.7 -16.0 | 290 23 21.2 -7.7 55 46 21031 300 32 27.7 -16.0 | 290 23 21.2 -7.7 56 44 21336 265 24 23.9 2.1 | 239 20 17.4 10.4 57 41 21641 270 28 28.0 -0.0 | 249 23 21.5 8.3 58 39 21946 255 22 21.3 5.7 | 226 20 14.8 14.0 59 37 22250 240 27 23.4 13.5 | 218 28 16.9 21.8 60 36 22555 270 30 30.0 -0.0 | 250 25 23.5 8.3 61 34 22860 240 26 22.5 13.0 | 217 27 16.0 21.3 62 32 23165 270 28 28.0 -0.0 | 249 23 21.5 8.3 63 31 23470 245 32 29.0 13.5 | 226 31 22.5 21.9 64 30 23600 255 42 40.6 10.9 | 241 39 34.1 19.2 65 28 24079 255 42 40.6 10.9 | 241 39 34.1 19.2 66 26 24384 270 30 30.0 -0.0 | 250 25 23.5 8.3 67 25 24689 265 35 34.9 3.1 | 248 31 28.4 11.4 68 23 25298 295 27 24.5 -11.4 | 280 18 18.0 -3.1 69 22 25603 280 35 34.5 -6.1 | 265 28 28.0 2.3 70 21 25908 295 42 38.1 -17.7 | 287 33 31.6 -9.4 71 20 26160 295 43 39.0 -18.2 | 287 34 32.5 -9.8 72 20 26213 290 33 31.0 -11.3 | 277 25 24.5 -2.9 73 18 26822 295 38 34.4 -16.1 | 285 29 28.0 -7.7 74 16 27432 260 34 33.5 5.9 | 242 31 27.0 14.2 75 16 27737 245 38 34.4 16.1 | 229 37 28.0 24.4 76 12 29261 280 59 58.1 -10.2 | 272 52 51.6 -1.9 77 10 30660 260 47 46.3 8.2 | 247 43 39.8 16.5 78 7 33060 230 58 44.4 37.3 | 220 59 37.9 45.6 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 292.1 at 14.1 knts Storm direction: 322.1 at 10.6 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 1.5 neg: 4.1 tot: 5.5 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 143.2 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 52.9 neg: -24.9 tot: 28.0 m^2/s^2 ave: 9.3 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.20 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 11.3 stream: 2.2 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.00 Bulk Rich Number: 0.26 Bulk Shear: 67.23 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 63 11 103 16| 13.7 0.0 13.7| 12.4 -8.2 4.3 8.6 -0.06| 15.6 -1.0 1000 68 10 107 16| 6.9 5.3 12.2| 27.9 -11.7 16.2 16.2 0.05| 14.3 0.7 1500 46 9 99 13| 4.6 7.0 11.6| 32.4 -13.3 19.1 12.7 0.15| 13.7 2.1 2000 11 9 85 8| 3.4 6.1 9.5| 34.2 -13.3 20.9 10.4 0.16| 11.5 1.8 2500 331 10 90 2| 2.8 4.9 7.7| 38.4 -15.3 23.0 9.2 0.16| 11.0 1.8 3000 314 11 242 1| 1.5 4.1 5.5| 52.9 -24.9 28.0 9.3 0.20| 11.3 2.2 4000 298 12 237 5| 1.7 2.9 4.7| 52.9 -56.2 -3.3 -0.8 0.03| 10.3 0.3 5000 294 13 241 6| 1.2 2.4 3.6| 84.4 -70.1 14.4 2.9 0.09| 10.2 0.9 6000 292 14 245 7| 1.1 1.9 3.1|106.9 -86.9 20.0 3.3 0.09| 9.7 0.9 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KBRO/skewt/KBRO.skewt.20251209.12.gif