UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025120712.upa.cvt Date: 1200Z 7 DEC 25 Searching for KBRO... Searching the city database file for: KBRO ... Date:1200Z 7 DEC 25 Station: KBRO WMO ident: 72250 Latitude: 25.90 Longitude: -97.43 Elevation: 6.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SFC 1010 6 16.4 15.6 95 0.8 15.9 320 5 288.7 290.7 288.6 319.8 11.10 1 1006 41 16.2 16.1 99 0.1 16.1 300 6 288.9 290.9 289.0 321.0 11.51 2 1000 94 17.8 17.5 98 0.3 17.6 270 7 291.0 293.2 290.7 326.7 12.68 3 997 120 18.2 17.8 98 0.4 17.9 262 9 291.6 293.9 291.2 328.2 12.97 4 986 215 18.8 18.3 97 0.5 18.5 232 15 293.1 295.5 292.2 331.6 13.54 5 980 268 19.6 18.8 95 0.8 19.1 216 19 294.4 297.0 293.0 334.7 14.07 6 977 295 20.8 19.2 91 1.6 19.7 208 20 295.9 298.5 293.7 337.6 14.48 7 969 366 22.0 17.9 78 4.1 19.2 206 21 297.8 300.3 293.5 336.8 13.43 8 965 402 22.2 17.6 75 4.6 19.1 207 21 298.4 300.8 293.5 336.8 13.23 9 960 448 22.2 17.2 73 5.0 18.8 207 21 298.8 301.2 293.4 336.6 12.96 10 925 770 19.8 16.4 81 3.4 17.5 200 23 299.6 301.9 293.6 336.9 12.78 11 903 977 18.4 15.8 85 2.6 16.7 189 20 300.2 302.5 293.6 337.1 12.60 12 888 1121 19.0 13.0 68 6.0 15.1 175 12 302.2 304.2 292.7 333.8 10.66 13 878 1219 20.6 9.6 49 11.0 13.7 165 7 304.9 306.5 291.9 330.7 8.57 14 873 1268 20.8 9.8 49 11.0 13.9 181 6 305.6 307.2 292.2 331.9 8.74 15 850 1499 19.4 10.4 56 9.0 13.7 255 1 306.5 308.2 293.0 334.7 9.36 16 763 2417 12.2 7.2 71 5.0 9.2 289 10 308.3 309.9 292.7 333.8 8.38 17 746 2606 11.0 3.0 58 8.0 6.5 290 13 309.0 310.2 291.3 328.6 6.38 18 742 2651 10.6 4.6 66 6.0 7.1 290 13 309.0 310.4 292.0 331.1 7.18 19 738 2696 10.6 1.6 54 9.0 5.7 290 14 309.5 310.6 291.0 327.5 5.83 20 731 2775 10.0 -1.0 46 11.0 4.3 288 15 309.7 310.6 290.2 324.8 4.87 21 721 2890 9.0 -1.0 49 10.0 3.8 281 16 309.8 310.8 290.3 325.2 4.93 22 718 2924 8.4 2.4 66 6.0 5.1 279 16 309.5 310.7 291.5 329.1 6.35 23 700 3134 6.8 2.0 71 4.8 4.2 265 17 310.0 311.2 291.6 329.6 6.33 24 673 3456 4.0 0.3 77 3.7 2.0 265 22 310.4 311.5 291.3 328.4 5.82 25 658 3639 2.8 -1.0 76 3.8 0.8 265 25 311.0 312.1 291.1 327.9 5.41 26 655 3676 3.0 -4.0 60 7.0 -0.4 265 26 311.7 312.5 290.4 325.4 4.34 27 638 3889 1.8 -6.2 55 8.0 -1.9 261 26 312.7 313.4 290.2 324.7 3.77 28 603 4342 -1.5 -8.5 59 7.0 -4.6 252 27 313.9 314.6 290.2 324.7 3.34 29 601 4368 -1.5 -10.5 50 9.0 -5.2 251 28 314.2 314.8 289.8 323.5 2.86 30 593 4475 -2.1 -12.1 46 10.0 -6.1 246 28 314.7 315.2 289.7 323.1 2.55 31 588 4542 -2.1 -18.1 28 16.0 -7.5 242 29 315.5 315.8 289.0 320.7 1.56 32 579 4665 -2.5 -25.5 15 23.0 -9.0 244 32 316.4 316.6 288.5 319.3 0.83 33 575 4720 -2.1 -21.1 22 19.0 -8.2 247 34 317.5 317.8 289.3 321.7 1.23 34 568 4818 -2.1 -33.1 7 31.0 -9.6 251 38 318.6 318.7 288.8 320.1 0.41 35 556 4987 -2.9 -40.9 3 38.0 -10.6 255 42 319.6 319.7 288.9 320.4 0.19 36 502 5789 -8.7 -36.7 8 28.0 -14.4 255 48 322.1 322.1 289.8 323.3 0.33 37 500 5820 -8.9 -34.9 10 26.0 -14.5 255 48 322.2 322.3 289.9 323.6 0.39 38 477 6182 -12.3 -32.3 17 20.0 -16.6 254 49 322.4 322.5 290.0 324.3 0.53 39 475 6214 -12.3 -34.3 14 22.0 -16.8 254 49 322.7 322.8 290.1 324.4 0.44 40 465 6377 -13.1 -19.1 61 6.0 -15.0 252 53 323.7 324.1 291.7 329.9 1.82 41 464 6393 -12.9 -18.9 61 6.0 -14.8 252 53 324.2 324.5 291.9 330.5 1.85 42 457 6509 -13.5 -19.5 61 6.0 -15.4 251 56 324.8 325.2 292.0 331.0 1.79 43 448 6660 -14.1 -17.7 74 3.6 -15.3 249 59 325.9 326.3 292.6 333.2 2.12 44 446 6694 -14.1 -18.0 72 3.9 -15.4 249 60 326.3 326.8 292.7 333.5 2.08 45 435 6883 -15.9 -18.9 78 3.0 -16.9 246 64 326.4 326.8 292.6 333.2 1.98 46 430 6970 -16.7 -22.7 60 6.0 -18.4 246 66 326.5 326.7 292.1 331.5 1.44 47 428 7005 -17.1 -23.1 60 6.0 -18.7 245 67 326.4 326.7 292.0 331.3 1.39 48 425 7058 -17.3 -23.3 60 6.0 -18.9 245 67 326.8 327.1 292.2 331.6 1.38 49 420 7147 -18.1 -25.1 54 7.0 -19.8 246 67 326.9 327.1 292.0 331.1 1.19 50 416 7218 -18.3 -32.3 28 14.0 -21.1 247 67 327.5 327.6 291.6 329.7 0.61 51 408 7363 -18.9 -41.9 11 23.0 -22.4 248 68 328.6 328.6 291.6 329.5 0.24 52 400 7510 -20.3 -41.3 14 21.0 -23.4 250 68 328.6 328.7 291.6 329.6 0.26 53 393 7641 -21.3 -40.3 16 19.0 -24.1 250 68 329.0 329.0 291.7 330.1 0.29 54 387 7754 -21.5 -35.5 27 14.0 -23.9 251 70 330.2 330.2 292.2 331.9 0.48 55 373 8026 -23.3 -36.3 29 13.0 -25.5 252 74 331.3 331.4 292.5 333.0 0.46 56 300 9590 -33.5 -47.5 23 14.0 -34.8 245 80 338.2 338.2 294.0 338.9 0.17 57 250 10840 -43.5 -54.5 29 11.0 -44.0 240 79 341.4 341.4 294.7 341.8 0.09 58 200 12300 -55.5 -67.5 21 12.0 -55.7 250 86 344.9 344.9 295.5 345.0 0.02 59 169 13349 -63.2 -72.3 28 9.1 -63.3 240 89 349.0 349.0 296.4 349.1 0.01 60 150 14070 -68.7 -75.7 36 7.0 -68.7 255 82 351.7 351.7 297.0 351.8 0.01 61 100 16480 -75.3 -88.3 11 13.0 -75.3 255 70 382.2 382.2 302.6 382.2 0.00 62 96 16717 -72.7 -87.7 9 15.0 -72.8 255 71 391.8 391.8 304.0 391.8 0.00 63 83 17567 -73.9 -87.9 10 14.0 -73.9 258 40 406.0 406.0 306.0 406.0 0.00 64 80 17782 -72.1 -88.1 7 16.0 -72.2 247 43 414.0 414.0 307.0 414.0 0.00 65 72 18397 -75.1 -88.1 11 13.0 -75.2 271 32 420.3 420.3 307.7 420.3 0.00 66 70 18560 -75.3 -88.3 11 13.0 -75.3 265 27 423.3 423.3 308.1 423.3 0.00 67 67 18814 -75.7 -88.7 11 13.0 -75.7 265 24 427.8 427.8 308.6 427.8 0.00 68 57 19754 -74.3 -89.3 8 15.0 -74.4 267 17 451.2 451.2 311.0 451.2 0.00 69 55 19963 -71.5 -89.5 5 18.0 -71.6 257 17 462.2 462.2 312.0 462.2 0.00 70 52 20296 -69.9 -88.9 5 19.0 -70.1 235 18 473.4 473.4 312.9 473.4 0.00 71 51 20412 -70.5 -90.5 4 20.0 -70.6 226 19 474.7 474.7 313.0 474.7 0.00 72 50 20530 -68.9 -89.9 3 21.0 -69.1 270 21 481.1 481.1 313.5 481.1 0.00 73 49 20651 -68.9 -89.9 3 21.0 -69.1 258 25 483.9 483.9 313.8 483.9 0.00 74 44 21293 -69.9 -90.9 3 21.0 -70.1 253 17 496.6 496.6 314.7 496.6 0.00 75 42 21572 -66.7 -89.7 3 23.0 -67.0 262 20 511.2 511.2 315.7 511.2 0.00 76 40 21868 -66.1 -90.1 2 24.0 -66.4 277 17 519.9 519.9 316.3 519.9 0.00 77 39 22021 -66.7 -90.7 2 24.0 -67.0 276 15 522.1 522.1 316.4 522.1 0.00 78 31 23418 -63.9 -89.9 2 26.0 -64.4 262 31 565.1 565.1 318.9 565.1 0.00 79 30 23620 -62.7 -89.7 1 27.0 -63.4 260 27 573.7 573.7 319.3 573.7 0.00 80 28 24048 -60.5 -88.5 1 28.0 -61.4 261 27 591.3 591.3 320.2 591.3 0.01 81 25 24752 -61.3 -89.3 1 28.0 -62.2 256 21 608.4 608.4 321.0 608.5 0.01 82 23 25271 -60.1 -89.1 1 29.0 -61.3 236 23 626.7 626.7 321.7 626.7 0.01 83 23 25271 -57.3 -88.3 1 31.0 -58.9 236 23 634.9 634.9 322.1 634.9 0.01 84 20 26160 -54.9 -86.9 1 32.0 -57.1 260 27 668.1 668.1 323.3 668.2 0.01 85 16 27599 -52.1 -85.1 1 33.0 -55.5 282 44 721.3 721.3 325.1 721.4 0.02 86 16 27599 -52.5 -85.5 1 33.0 -55.8 282 44 720.0 720.0 325.1 720.1 0.02 87 16 27599 -51.3 -85.3 1 34.0 -54.9 282 44 723.9 723.9 325.2 724.0 0.02 88 15 28018 -52.3 -85.3 1 33.0 -55.8 287 43 734.1 734.1 325.5 734.2 0.02 89 13 28947 -51.9 -84.9 1 33.0 -55.9 280 41 766.1 766.1 326.4 766.3 0.02 90 12 29470 -48.7 -83.7 1 35.0 -54.1 263 44 795.2 795.2 327.1 795.5 0.03 91 11 30039 -51.9 -84.9 1 33.0 -56.3 253 47 803.6 803.6 327.3 803.8 0.03 92 10 30660 -49.9 -84.9 1 35.0 -55.4 250 35 833.3 833.3 328.0 833.5 0.03 93 9.2 31205 -49.5 -84.5 1 35.0 -55.5 250 36 854.9 854.9 328.5 855.2 0.03 94 8.8 31498 -47.5 -83.5 1 36.0 -54.5 250 36 873.6 873.6 328.9 874.0 0.04 95 8.4 31805 -47.9 -83.9 1 36.0 -54.9 250 37 883.7 883.8 329.1 884.1 0.04 96 8.1 32046 -45.3 -83.3 1 38.0 -53.7 250 37 903.3 903.3 329.5 903.8 0.05 97 7.8 32298 -44.9 -82.9 1 38.0 -53.7 250 38 914.7 914.7 329.7 915.2 0.05 98 7.6 32471 -45.9 -82.9 1 37.0 -54.3 250 38 917.5 917.5 329.8 918.0 0.05 99 7.2 32832 -44.5 -82.5 1 38.0 -53.9 250 39 937.5 937.5 330.1 938.2 0.06 100 7.0 33020 -45.7 -82.7 1 37.0 -54.5 250 39 940.1 940.2 330.2 940.8 0.06 101 6.5 33513 -46.7 -83.7 1 37.0 -55.4 956.0 956.1 330.5 956.6 0.06 102 5.8 34278 -40.7 -81.7 0 41.0 -53.2 1013.9 1013.9 331.4 1014.9 0.09 TRP 100 16480 -75.3 -88.3 11 13.0 -75.3 255 70 382.2 382.2 302.6 382.2 0.00 WND 169 13349 -63.2 -72.3 28 9.1 -63.3 240 89 349.0 349.0 296.4 349.1 0.01 Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5726.00 m Freezing level: 618.91 mb = 4135.74 m = 13568.55 ft Wetbulb zero: 655.95 mb = 3664.18 m = 12021.43 ft Precipitable water: 1.49 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 53.24 % Est. max temperature: 33.81 C = 92.85 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 998.28 mb = 108.81 m = 356.99 ft T: 18.03 C 700-500 lapse rate: 5.85 C/km ThetaE index: 6.45 C Layer 888.0- 873.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 1006.00 mb = 41.05 m = 134.68 ft Mean mixing ratio: 13.00 g/kg Conv temperature: 18.33 C = 64.99 F Cap Strength: 6.19 C Lifted Index: 0.34 C Risk: Showers probable Lifted Index @300 mb: 4.10 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 0.98 C Showalter Index: 0.16 C Risk: Thunderstorms probable Total Totals Index: 47.60 C Risk: Scattered moderate thunderstorms Vertical Totals Index: 28.30 C Cross Totals Index: 19.30 C K Index: 33.90 Risk: 60-80 % chance of thunderstorms Sweat Index: 174.80 Risk: None Energy Index: -2.09 Risk: Severe Thunderstorms probable Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 68.82 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 11.73 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 329.82 J/kg Cap Strength: 6.16 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 920.51 mb = 811.91 m = 2663.70 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): 675.51 mb = 3425.38 m = 11237.97 ft Equ Level (EL): 575.51 mb = 4712.99 m = 15462.38 ft B at Equ Level: 61.53 J/kg Max Parcel Lev (MPL): 375.51 mb = 7976.32 m = 26168.72 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 281 at 17 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 1010 6 320 5 3.2 -3.8 | 88 14 -13.8 -0.4 1 1000 94 270 7 7.0 -0.0 | 109 11 -10.0 3.5 2 976 305 205 21 8.9 19.0 | 160 24 -8.2 22.5 3 942 610 210 22 11.0 19.1 | 165 23 -6.0 22.5 4 925 770 200 23 7.9 21.6 | 160 27 -9.2 25.1 5 910 914 195 24 6.2 23.2 | 158 29 -10.8 26.6 6 878 1219 165 7 -1.8 6.8 | 118 21 -18.9 10.2 7 850 1499 255 1 1.0 0.3 | 103 17 -16.1 3.7 8 847 1524 0 0 -0.0 -0.0 | 101 17 -17.0 3.5 9 817 1829 280 8 7.9 -1.4 | 103 9 -9.2 2.1 10 788 2134 280 8 7.9 -1.4 | 103 9 -9.2 2.1 11 760 2438 290 10 9.4 -3.4 | 90 8 -7.6 0.0 12 733 2743 290 15 14.1 -5.1 | 61 3 -3.0 -1.7 13 700 3134 265 17 16.9 1.5 | 179 5 -0.1 4.9 14 656 3658 265 26 25.9 2.3 | 237 11 8.9 5.7 15 607 4267 255 27 26.1 7.0 | 221 14 9.0 10.5 16 585 4572 240 29 25.1 14.5 | 204 20 8.1 18.0 17 563 4877 255 41 39.6 10.6 | 238 27 22.6 14.1 18 502 5791 255 48 46.4 12.4 | 242 33 29.3 15.9 19 500 5820 255 48 46.4 12.4 | 242 33 29.3 15.9 20 482 6096 255 47 45.4 12.2 | 241 32 28.4 15.6 21 427 7010 245 67 60.7 28.3 | 234 54 43.7 31.8 22 400 7510 250 68 63.9 23.3 | 240 54 46.9 26.7 23 394 7620 250 68 63.9 23.3 | 240 54 46.9 26.7 24 347 8534 255 82 79.2 21.2 | 248 67 62.2 24.7 25 319 9144 245 78 70.7 33.0 | 236 65 53.6 36.4 26 300 9590 245 80 72.5 33.8 | 236 67 55.5 37.3 27 250 10840 240 79 68.4 39.5 | 230 67 51.4 43.0 28 245 10973 240 80 69.3 40.0 | 230 68 52.2 43.5 29 200 12300 250 86 80.8 29.4 | 243 72 63.8 32.9 30 194 12497 255 86 83.1 22.3 | 249 71 66.0 25.7 31 169 13349 240 89 77.1 44.5 | 231 77 60.0 48.0 32 159 13716 240 89 77.1 44.5 | 231 77 60.0 48.0 33 150 14070 255 82 79.2 21.2 | 248 67 62.2 24.7 34 137 14630 255 75 72.4 19.4 | 248 60 55.4 22.9 35 130 14935 245 56 50.8 23.7 | 231 43 33.7 27.1 36 123 15240 260 52 51.2 9.0 | 250 36 34.2 12.5 37 117 15545 250 45 42.3 15.4 | 233 32 25.2 18.9 38 111 15850 240 49 42.4 24.5 | 222 38 25.4 28.0 39 100 16480 255 70 67.6 18.1 | 247 55 50.6 21.6 40 95 16764 255 71 68.6 18.4 | 247 56 51.5 21.8 41 90 17069 285 44 42.5 -11.4 | 287 27 25.5 -7.9 42 86 17374 280 37 36.4 -6.4 | 279 20 19.4 -3.0 43 81 17678 245 42 38.1 17.7 | 225 30 21.0 21.2 44 77 17983 250 45 42.3 15.4 | 233 32 25.2 18.9 45 73 18288 275 36 35.9 -3.1 | 269 19 18.8 0.3 46 70 18560 265 27 26.9 2.4 | 239 11 9.9 5.8 47 70 18593 260 26 25.6 4.5 | 227 12 8.6 8.0 48 60 19507 280 17 16.7 -3.0 | 149 1 -0.3 0.5 49 54 20117 250 17 16.0 5.8 | 173 9 -1.1 9.3 50 51 20422 225 19 13.4 13.4 | 168 17 -3.6 16.9 51 50 20530 270 21 21.0 -0.0 | 229 5 4.0 3.5 52 48 20726 250 28 26.3 9.6 | 215 16 9.3 13.0 53 46 21031 275 20 19.9 -1.7 | 239 3 2.9 1.7 54 44 21336 250 17 16.0 5.8 | 173 9 -1.1 9.3 55 42 21641 265 21 20.9 1.8 | 216 7 3.9 5.3 56 40 21946 280 16 15.8 -2.8 | 118 1 -1.3 0.7 57 38 22250 265 14 13.9 1.2 | 147 6 -3.1 4.7 58 36 22555 245 24 21.8 10.1 | 199 14 4.7 13.6 59 32 23165 270 23 23.0 -0.0 | 240 7 6.0 3.5 60 31 23470 260 33 32.5 5.7 | 239 18 15.5 9.2 61 30 23620 260 27 26.6 4.7 | 229 13 9.5 8.2 62 29 23774 270 31 31.0 -0.0 | 256 14 14.0 3.5 63 27 24384 250 22 20.7 7.5 | 198 12 3.6 11.0 64 24 24994 260 20 19.7 3.5 | 201 7 2.6 6.9 65 23 25298 235 23 18.8 13.2 | 186 17 1.8 16.7 66 22 25603 245 32 29.0 13.5 | 215 21 12.0 17.0 67 21 25908 270 30 30.0 -0.0 | 255 13 13.0 3.5 68 20 26160 260 27 26.6 4.7 | 229 13 9.5 8.2 69 20 26213 260 24 23.6 4.2 | 221 10 6.6 7.6 70 19 26518 255 25 24.1 6.5 | 216 12 7.1 9.9 71 16 27432 280 44 43.3 -7.6 | 279 27 26.3 -4.2 72 14 28346 290 43 40.4 -14.7 | 296 26 23.4 -11.2 73 13 28956 280 41 40.4 -7.1 | 279 24 23.3 -3.7 74 11 29870 250 46 43.2 15.7 | 234 32 26.2 19.2 75 11 30175 255 47 45.4 12.2 | 241 32 28.4 15.6 76 10 30660 250 35 32.9 12.0 | 226 22 15.8 15.4 77 7 33020 250 39 36.6 13.3 | 229 26 19.6 16.8 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 251.5 at 23.2 knts Storm direction: 281.5 at 17.4 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 3.7 neg: 4.6 tot: 8.3 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 75.6 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 64.8 neg: -178.3 tot: -113.5 m^2/s^2 ave: -37.8 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: -0.11 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 14.5 stream: -1.6 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.03 Bulk Rich Number: 2.65 Bulk Shear: 25.95 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 215 16 154 18| 0.0 24.7 24.7| 52.4 0.0 52.4 104.8 0.58| 28.8 16.8 1000 207 19 157 22| 0.0 11.7 11.7| 56.6 -64.0 -7.4 -7.4 0.19| 21.1 4.1 1500 203 15 148 21| 6.5 7.8 14.3| 56.6-159.4-102.8 -68.5 -0.14| 21.5 -2.9 2000 210 13 143 18| 4.9 5.7 10.6| 63.0-171.4-108.3 -54.2 -0.13| 18.6 -2.4 2500 220 12 143 16| 4.4 4.6 9.0| 63.0-176.1-113.1 -45.2 -0.15| 15.6 -2.3 3000 234 12 147 13| 3.7 4.6 8.3| 64.8-178.3-113.5 -37.8 -0.11| 14.5 -1.6 4000 248 15 161 10| 2.8 4.8 7.5| 76.5-183.5-107.0 -26.7 -0.04| 12.6 -0.5 5000 249 18 181 10| 2.9 4.5 7.4|153.7-204.4 -50.7 -10.1 0.03| 12.6 0.4 6000 251 23 205 12| 2.4 4.1 6.5|166.1-205.8 -39.7 -6.6 0.04| 11.1 0.4 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KBRO/skewt/KBRO.skewt.20251207.12.gif