UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025120312.upa.cvt Date: 1200Z 3 DEC 25 Searching for KBRO... Searching the city database file for: KBRO ... Date:1200Z 3 DEC 25 Station: KBRO WMO ident: 72250 Latitude: 25.90 Longitude: -97.43 Elevation: 6.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SFC 1014 6 13.8 9.2 74 4.6 11.2 315 3 285.8 287.1 283.8 305.9 7.21 1 1009 48 13.6 8.6 72 5.0 10.8 340 4 286.0 287.2 283.6 305.4 6.96 2 1001 116 13.0 9.2 78 3.8 10.9 20 5 286.1 287.3 284.0 306.5 7.31 3 1000 125 13.2 10.7 85 2.5 11.7 25 5 286.4 287.8 284.9 308.9 8.10 4 999 133 13.6 12.6 94 1.0 13.0 29 5 286.8 288.4 286.2 312.5 9.21 5 990 210 15.8 15.6 99 0.2 15.7 66 7 289.8 291.8 289.2 321.6 11.32 6 975 341 16.8 16.4 97 0.4 16.5 115 11 292.1 294.2 290.7 326.4 12.12 7 925 790 16.0 15.6 97 0.4 15.7 170 20 295.7 297.9 291.9 330.6 12.14 8 899 1033 15.4 15.4 100 0.0 15.4 179 25 297.5 299.7 292.6 333.2 12.33 9 877 1243 14.8 14.8 100 0.0 14.8 186 30 299.0 301.2 292.9 334.4 12.16 10 859 1420 15.4 14.3 93 1.1 14.7 195 34 301.4 303.6 293.5 336.8 12.02 11 850 1509 14.8 13.6 93 1.2 14.0 200 36 301.6 303.8 293.3 335.9 11.60 12 815 1864 12.6 12.2 97 0.4 12.3 203 35 303.0 305.0 293.2 335.7 11.02 13 812 1895 12.6 11.7 94 0.9 12.0 205 33 303.3 305.3 293.1 335.1 10.70 14 807 1947 13.6 10.2 80 3.4 11.4 210 31 304.9 306.7 292.8 334.0 9.73 15 792 2106 15.2 6.2 55 9.0 9.9 223 24 308.2 309.6 292.0 331.2 7.53 16 787 2160 15.4 5.4 51 10.0 9.5 226 23 309.0 310.4 292.0 331.0 7.16 17 783 2203 15.4 4.4 48 11.0 9.0 227 22 309.5 310.7 291.7 330.1 6.71 18 736 2725 12.0 5.0 62 7.0 7.9 244 21 311.3 312.7 292.9 334.3 7.45 19 700 3143 8.0 3.6 74 4.4 5.5 255 18 311.3 312.7 292.6 333.3 7.10 20 663 3589 4.2 1.7 84 2.5 2.8 263 19 311.9 313.2 292.3 332.3 6.54 21 655 3688 4.0 -1.0 70 5.0 1.4 259 19 312.8 313.8 291.7 329.9 5.43 22 640 3877 2.8 -1.2 75 4.0 0.7 247 21 313.5 314.6 291.9 330.8 5.48 23 584 4614 -2.1 -3.1 93 1.0 -2.6 250 24 316.1 317.1 292.4 332.7 5.22 24 553 5047 -3.7 -7.9 73 4.2 -5.6 254 31 319.2 319.9 292.2 331.6 3.82 25 544 5177 -3.9 -8.9 68 5.0 -6.1 257 33 320.5 321.2 292.3 332.2 3.59 26 526 5443 -5.9 -9.9 73 4.0 -7.6 264 37 321.2 321.8 292.4 332.5 3.43 27 502 5809 -7.1 -13.1 62 6.0 -9.5 253 47 324.0 324.6 292.6 333.4 2.78 28 500 5840 -7.3 -14.3 57 7.0 -10.0 250 46 324.1 324.6 292.4 332.7 2.53 29 482 6123 -9.3 -12.7 76 3.4 -10.6 250 46 325.1 325.7 293.1 335.2 2.99 30 480 6155 -9.7 -13.1 76 3.4 -11.1 249 46 325.0 325.6 293.0 334.8 2.91 31 470 6316 -10.9 -15.9 67 5.0 -12.7 248 48 325.5 325.9 292.7 333.5 2.36 32 459 6497 -11.9 -16.9 66 5.0 -13.6 246 49 326.4 326.9 292.8 334.0 2.22 33 449 6664 -13.5 -16.3 79 2.8 -14.5 244 50 326.5 326.9 293.0 334.6 2.38 34 446 6715 -13.7 -17.0 76 3.3 -14.8 243 51 326.8 327.3 293.0 334.6 2.26 35 442 6783 -14.3 -18.7 69 4.4 -15.7 243 51 326.9 327.3 292.7 333.8 1.98 36 438 6852 -14.1 -25.1 39 11.0 -17.1 242 52 328.0 328.3 292.3 332.1 1.14 37 435 6904 -14.5 -25.5 39 11.0 -17.4 241 52 328.2 328.4 292.3 332.1 1.10 38 424 7096 -16.1 -30.1 29 14.0 -19.3 241 53 328.5 328.7 292.0 331.2 0.74 39 400 7530 -19.7 -28.7 45 9.0 -21.7 245 54 329.4 329.6 292.4 332.6 0.89 40 385 7813 -21.9 -28.9 53 7.0 -23.4 244 55 330.1 330.3 292.6 333.4 0.91 41 384 7832 -22.1 -29.1 53 7.0 -23.6 244 55 330.1 330.3 292.6 333.4 0.90 42 383 7851 -22.5 -28.5 58 6.0 -23.8 244 55 329.8 330.0 292.6 333.3 0.95 43 382 7870 -22.7 -29.7 53 7.0 -24.1 244 55 329.8 330.0 292.5 332.9 0.85 44 378 7947 -23.5 -27.7 68 4.2 -24.4 244 55 329.7 329.9 292.6 333.5 1.04 45 376 7986 -23.5 -26.9 74 3.4 -24.3 244 55 330.2 330.5 292.9 334.3 1.12 46 369 8124 -24.5 -26.8 81 2.3 -25.0 243 55 330.7 330.9 293.0 334.8 1.16 47 355 8404 -26.7 -28.7 83 2.0 -27.1 242 56 331.4 331.6 293.1 335.1 1.01 48 330 8928 -30.1 -35.1 62 5.0 -30.9 241 56 333.7 333.9 293.3 335.9 0.59 49 326 9015 -30.5 -35.0 65 4.5 -31.2 240 56 334.3 334.5 293.4 336.6 0.60 50 312 9325 -33.3 -36.3 74 3.0 -33.7 240 55 334.7 334.8 293.5 336.7 0.55 51 303 9531 -34.9 -38.9 67 4.0 -35.4 240 54 335.2 335.3 293.6 336.9 0.43 52 300 9600 -35.5 -39.1 69 3.6 -35.9 240 54 335.3 335.4 293.6 337.0 0.43 53 275 10199 -41.1 -43.4 78 2.3 -41.3 240 57 335.7 335.7 293.5 336.8 0.30 54 262 10527 -43.9 -47.1 70 3.2 -44.1 240 58 336.3 336.3 293.6 337.1 0.21 55 252 10787 -45.9 -49.0 71 3.1 -46.1 240 60 337.1 337.1 293.7 337.8 0.18 56 250 10840 -46.5 -50.0 67 3.5 -46.7 240 60 336.9 337.0 293.7 337.6 0.16 57 216 11798 -53.7 -59.7 48 6.0 -53.9 240 66 340.2 340.2 294.4 340.4 0.06 58 200 12290 -57.3 -63.3 46 6.0 -57.4 235 69 342.0 342.0 294.8 342.2 0.04 59 150 14050 -67.9 -77.9 23 10.0 -67.9 245 68 353.1 353.1 297.3 353.1 0.01 60 147 14172 -68.3 -78.4 22 10.1 -68.4 240 71 354.5 354.5 297.6 354.5 0.01 61 106 16116 -74.7 -86.7 14 12.0 -74.7 240 58 377.1 377.1 301.8 377.1 0.00 62 100 16460 -71.1 -87.1 8 16.0 -71.2 255 47 390.4 390.4 303.8 390.4 0.00 63 97 16640 -70.5 -86.5 8 16.0 -70.6 255 47 394.9 394.9 304.5 394.9 0.00 64 91 17016 -71.9 -87.9 7 16.0 -72.0 243 50 399.4 399.4 305.1 399.4 0.00 65 86 17346 -73.9 -88.9 8 15.0 -73.9 227 55 401.9 401.9 305.5 401.9 0.00 66 78 17912 -75.7 -88.7 11 13.0 -75.7 256 37 409.6 409.6 306.5 409.6 0.00 67 70 18540 -73.1 -88.1 8 15.0 -73.2 280 16 428.0 428.0 308.6 428.0 0.00 68 65 18977 -71.5 -88.5 6 17.0 -71.6 260 12 440.7 440.7 310.0 440.7 0.00 69 62 19256 -72.3 -88.3 7 16.0 -72.4 221 12 444.9 444.9 310.4 444.9 0.00 70 56 19861 -68.9 -88.9 4 20.0 -69.1 259 19 465.8 465.8 312.3 465.8 0.00 71 55 19969 -69.5 -89.5 4 20.0 -69.6 257 17 466.8 466.8 312.4 466.8 0.00 72 50 20540 -68.3 -89.3 3 21.0 -68.5 235 15 482.5 482.5 313.7 482.6 0.00 73 49 20661 -67.3 -89.3 3 22.0 -67.5 234 14 487.7 487.7 314.1 487.7 0.00 74 47 20912 -67.7 -89.7 3 22.0 -67.9 231 13 492.6 492.6 314.4 492.6 0.00 75 46 21041 -65.7 -89.7 2 24.0 -66.0 230 13 500.5 500.5 315.0 500.5 0.00 76 44 21311 -65.3 -89.3 2 24.0 -65.6 230 18 507.8 507.8 315.5 507.9 0.00 77 43 21451 -65.3 -89.3 2 24.0 -65.7 232 17 511.2 511.2 315.7 511.2 0.00 78 41 21740 -65.9 -89.9 2 24.0 -66.2 237 15 516.7 516.7 316.1 516.7 0.00 79 37 22368 -61.9 -88.9 2 27.0 -62.5 254 20 542.4 542.4 317.6 542.4 0.00 80 34 22889 -63.3 -89.3 2 26.0 -63.8 251 37 552.0 552.0 318.2 552.0 0.00 81 32 23261 -63.1 -89.1 2 26.0 -63.7 257 32 562.1 562.1 318.8 562.2 0.00 82 30 23660 -60.5 -88.5 1 28.0 -61.4 260 30 579.7 579.7 319.6 579.7 0.01 83 28 24092 -59.7 -87.7 1 28.0 -60.7 269 35 593.5 593.5 320.3 593.5 0.01 84 27 24319 -60.1 -88.1 1 28.0 -61.1 274 37 598.6 598.6 320.6 598.6 0.01 85 25 24804 -56.9 -86.9 1 30.0 -58.4 287 39 621.1 621.1 321.5 621.1 0.01 86 24 25062 -58.3 -87.3 1 29.0 -59.6 291 33 624.3 624.3 321.7 624.4 0.01 87 23 25331 -58.1 -88.1 1 30.0 -59.5 293 28 632.5 632.5 322.0 632.6 0.01 88 22 25613 -55.9 -86.9 1 31.0 -57.8 279 31 647.2 647.2 322.6 647.2 0.01 89 21 25909 -56.3 -86.3 1 30.0 -58.2 265 33 654.6 654.6 322.9 654.7 0.01 90 20 26220 -55.7 -85.7 1 30.0 -57.8 270 35 665.7 665.7 323.3 665.8 0.01 91 18 26892 -54.5 -85.5 1 31.0 -57.0 266 39 689.8 689.8 324.1 689.9 0.01 92 17 27257 -54.5 -85.5 1 31.0 -57.1 262 42 701.2 701.2 324.5 701.3 0.02 93 16 27643 -56.3 -86.3 1 30.0 -58.6 260 44 707.6 707.6 324.7 707.7 0.01 94 16 27643 -54.7 -85.7 1 31.0 -57.4 260 44 712.8 712.8 324.8 712.9 0.02 95 14 28496 -54.9 -85.9 1 31.0 -57.8 249 42 739.9 739.9 325.7 740.0 0.02 96 11 30022 -58.7 -87.7 1 29.0 -61.2 269 37 778.9 778.9 326.7 779.0 0.02 97 10 30630 -51.5 -84.5 1 33.0 -56.4 275 28 827.3 827.3 327.9 827.6 0.03 98 9.6 30896 -50.3 -83.3 1 33.0 -55.8 272 28 841.6 841.6 328.2 841.9 0.04 99 9.2 31174 -49.9 -82.9 1 33.0 -55.7 269 29 853.4 853.4 328.5 853.8 0.04 100 8.5 31690 -50.3 -83.3 1 33.0 -56.2 264 29 871.4 871.4 328.8 871.8 0.05 101 7.7 32335 -50.3 -83.3 1 33.0 -56.5 257 30 896.3 896.4 329.4 896.9 0.05 102 7.6 32421 -49.1 -83.1 1 34.0 -55.9 256 30 904.5 904.6 329.5 905.1 0.05 103 7.0 32960 -49.3 -83.3 1 34.0 -56.3 250 31 925.2 925.3 329.9 925.8 0.05 104 6.1 33858 -51.3 -84.3 1 33.0 -57.9 953.8 953.8 330.4 954.4 0.05 105 5.6 34415 -50.3 -83.3 1 33.0 -57.8 981.8 981.9 330.9 982.6 0.07 TRP 106 16116 -74.7 -86.7 14 12.0 -74.7 240 58 377.1 377.1 301.8 377.1 0.00 WND 147 14172 -68.3 -78.4 22 10.1 -68.4 240 71 354.5 354.5 297.6 354.5 0.01 Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5715.00 m Freezing level: 608.00 mb = 4297.93 m = 14100.65 ft Wetbulb zero: 627.88 mb = 4030.76 m = 13224.12 ft Precipitable water: 1.76 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 79.86 % Est. max temperature: 28.74 C = 83.74 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 946.24 mb = 596.24 m = 1956.15 ft T: 16.34 C 700-500 lapse rate: 5.67 C/km ThetaE index: 6.65 C Layer 850.0- 736.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 1009.00 mb = 48.35 m = 158.64 ft Mean mixing ratio: 11.21 g/kg Conv temperature: 16.17 C = 61.10 F Cap Strength: 8.52 C Lifted Index: 6.98 C Risk: None Lifted Index @300 mb: 8.78 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 5.99 C Showalter Index: 1.23 C Risk: Showers probable Total Totals Index: 43.00 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 22.10 C Cross Totals Index: 20.90 C K Index: 31.30 Risk: 60-80 % chance of thunderstorms Sweat Index: 401.96 Risk: Severe Thunderstorms possible Energy Index: -0.64 Risk: Scattered severe thunderstorms Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 41.26 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 9.08 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 49038.99 J/kg Cap Strength: 8.53 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 952.27 mb = 541.98 m = 1778.14 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): -1.00 mb = -9999.00 m = -9999.00 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 263 at 19 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 1014 6 315 3 2.1 -2.1 | 75 17 -16.7 -4.3 1 1000 125 25 5 -2.1 -4.5 | 72 22 -20.9 -6.7 2 979 305 110 10 -9.4 3.4 | 92 28 -28.2 1.2 3 945 610 150 17 -8.5 14.7 | 115 30 -27.3 12.5 4 925 790 170 20 -3.5 19.7 | 128 28 -22.3 17.5 5 912 914 175 22 -1.9 21.9 | 134 29 -20.7 19.7 6 879 1219 185 30 2.6 29.9 | 150 32 -16.2 27.7 7 850 1509 200 36 12.3 33.8 | 168 32 -6.5 31.6 8 848 1524 195 37 9.6 35.7 | 165 35 -9.2 33.5 9 818 1829 200 36 12.3 33.8 | 168 32 -6.5 31.6 10 789 2134 225 23 16.3 16.3 | 170 14 -2.6 14.1 11 761 2438 235 18 14.7 10.3 | 153 9 -4.1 8.1 12 734 2743 245 21 19.0 8.9 | 182 7 0.2 6.7 13 708 3048 245 17 15.4 7.2 | 146 6 -3.4 5.0 14 700 3143 255 18 17.4 4.7 | 150 3 -1.4 2.5 15 682 3353 270 20 20.0 -0.0 | 332 3 1.2 -2.2 16 656 3658 260 19 18.7 3.3 | 175 1 -0.1 1.1 17 632 3962 240 22 19.1 11.0 | 182 9 0.2 8.8 18 608 4267 240 23 19.9 11.5 | 187 9 1.1 9.3 19 586 4572 250 24 22.6 8.2 | 212 7 3.7 6.0 20 564 4877 250 28 26.3 9.6 | 225 11 7.5 7.4 21 523 5486 265 38 37.9 3.3 | 267 19 19.0 1.1 22 503 5791 255 47 45.4 12.2 | 249 28 26.6 10.0 23 500 5840 250 46 43.2 15.7 | 241 28 24.4 13.5 24 483 6096 250 46 43.2 15.7 | 241 28 24.4 13.5 25 428 7010 240 53 45.9 26.5 | 228 36 27.1 24.3 26 400 7530 245 54 48.9 22.8 | 236 37 30.1 20.6 27 395 7620 245 55 49.8 23.2 | 236 37 31.0 21.0 28 320 9144 240 56 48.5 28.0 | 229 39 29.7 25.8 29 300 9600 240 54 46.8 27.0 | 228 37 28.0 24.8 30 250 10840 240 60 52.0 30.0 | 230 43 33.1 27.8 31 234 11278 245 63 57.1 26.6 | 237 45 38.3 24.4 32 200 12290 235 69 56.5 39.6 | 225 53 37.7 37.4 33 150 14050 245 68 61.6 28.7 | 238 50 42.8 26.5 34 147 14172 240 71 61.5 35.5 | 232 54 42.7 33.3 35 143 14326 240 71 61.5 35.5 | 232 54 42.7 33.3 36 123 15240 230 62 47.5 39.9 | 217 47 28.7 37.6 37 111 15850 245 57 51.7 24.1 | 236 39 32.8 21.9 38 106 16116 240 58 50.2 29.0 | 230 41 31.4 26.8 39 100 16459 235 57 46.7 32.7 | 222 41 27.9 30.5 40 100 16460 255 47 45.4 12.2 | 249 28 26.6 10.0 41 95 16764 255 47 45.4 12.2 | 249 28 26.6 10.0 42 85 17374 225 55 38.9 38.9 | 209 42 20.1 36.7 43 77 17983 260 35 34.5 6.1 | 256 16 15.7 3.9 44 73 18288 255 34 32.8 8.8 | 245 15 14.0 6.6 45 70 18540 280 16 15.8 -2.8 | 32 6 -3.1 -5.0 46 69 18593 280 19 18.7 -3.3 | 1 6 -0.1 -5.5 47 66 18898 275 12 12.0 -1.0 | 65 8 -6.9 -3.3 48 63 19202 220 11 7.1 8.4 | 118 13 -11.7 6.2 49 59 19507 225 18 12.7 12.7 | 150 12 -6.1 10.5 50 57 19812 260 20 19.7 3.5 | 215 2 0.9 1.3 51 54 20117 255 14 13.5 3.6 | 105 5 -5.3 1.4 52 51 20422 300 13 11.3 -6.5 | 41 12 -7.6 -8.7 53 50 20540 235 15 12.3 8.6 | 134 9 -6.5 6.4 54 46 21031 230 13 10.0 8.4 | 125 11 -8.9 6.1 55 44 21336 230 18 13.8 11.6 | 152 11 -5.0 9.4 56 42 21641 235 15 12.3 8.6 | 134 9 -6.5 6.4 57 40 21946 240 14 12.1 7.0 | 126 8 -6.7 4.8 58 36 22555 260 22 21.7 3.8 | 240 3 2.9 1.6 59 34 22860 250 37 34.8 12.7 | 237 19 16.0 10.4 60 31 23470 260 29 28.6 5.0 | 254 10 9.7 2.8 61 30 23660 260 30 29.5 5.2 | 254 11 10.7 3.0 62 27 24384 275 38 37.9 -3.3 | 286 20 19.0 -5.5 63 25 24689 285 42 40.6 -10.9 | 301 25 21.8 -13.1 64 23 25298 295 28 25.4 -11.8 | 335 15 6.6 -14.0 65 20 26213 250 36 33.8 12.3 | 236 18 15.0 10.1 66 20 26220 270 35 35.0 -0.0 | 278 16 16.2 -2.2 67 19 26518 270 36 36.0 -0.0 | 277 17 17.2 -2.2 68 17 27432 260 43 42.3 7.5 | 257 24 23.5 5.3 69 15 28042 260 46 45.3 8.0 | 258 27 26.5 5.8 70 14 28651 245 40 36.3 16.9 | 230 23 17.4 14.7 71 12 29566 265 43 42.8 3.7 | 266 24 24.0 1.5 72 10 30630 275 28 27.9 -2.4 | 297 10 9.1 -4.6 73 7 32960 250 31 29.1 10.6 | 231 13 10.3 8.4 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 233.3 at 25.3 knts Storm direction: 263.3 at 18.9 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 4.5 neg: 3.0 tot: 7.5 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 75.4 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 420.6 neg: -36.7 tot: 383.9 m^2/s^2 ave: 128.0 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.50 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 16.1 stream: 8.0 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.11 Bulk Rich Number: 0.32 Bulk Shear: 128.28 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 107 9 91 27| 0.0 18.1 18.1|119.7 -7.0 112.7 225.4 0.63| 24.9 15.7 1000 152 14 112 27| 8.5 9.1 17.6|247.7 -7.0 240.7 240.7 0.77| 21.1 16.3 1500 173 20 129 27| 11.0 6.0 17.1|385.2 -7.0 378.2 252.2 0.83| 19.9 16.5 2000 184 23 141 27| 7.5 4.5 12.0|414.7 -20.0 394.6 197.3 0.68| 19.0 13.0 2500 193 23 146 25| 5.3 3.6 8.9|415.5 -32.1 383.4 153.3 0.54| 18.0 9.7 3000 200 22 150 22| 4.5 3.0 7.5|420.6 -36.7 383.9 128.0 0.50| 16.1 8.0 4000 214 22 157 17| 4.0 3.3 7.2|421.0 -37.9 383.1 95.8 0.43| 14.7 6.2 5000 223 22 166 15| 4.2 2.6 6.8|441.5 -37.9 403.6 80.7 0.46| 12.9 5.9 6000 233 25 186 13| 4.4 3.0 7.4|471.0-109.4 361.5 60.3 0.36| 12.9 4.6 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KBRO/skewt/KBRO.skewt.20251203.12.gif